JP2000021431A - How to shut down fuel cell reforming equipment - Google Patents
How to shut down fuel cell reforming equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000021431A JP2000021431A JP10188469A JP18846998A JP2000021431A JP 2000021431 A JP2000021431 A JP 2000021431A JP 10188469 A JP10188469 A JP 10188469A JP 18846998 A JP18846998 A JP 18846998A JP 2000021431 A JP2000021431 A JP 2000021431A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- reformer
- reformed gas
- storage alloy
- gas line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 39
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【課題】 メタノール等の燃料及び水蒸気の凝縮による
改質触媒の性能低下を防止することができる燃料電池用
改質設備の停止方法を提供する。
【解決手段】 水素吸蔵合金１１を内部に保有する合金
容器１２と、合金容器内に改質器からの改質ガスを導く
改質ガスライン１４と、合金容器と改質器の上流側とを
連通する水素ガスライン１６とを備え、（ａ）改質器の
運転中に改質ガスの一部を改質ガスラインを介して水素
吸蔵合金に導き、水素のみ水素吸蔵合金に吸収させ、
（ｂ）改質器の停止時に水素吸蔵合金から水素を放出さ
せ、水素ガスラインを介して改質器の上流側に水素を供
給して改質器内の残留燃料及び水分をパージし、（ｃ）
次いで改質器内に水素を封入する。
(57) [Problem] To provide a method of stopping a reforming facility for a fuel cell, which can prevent performance degradation of a reforming catalyst due to condensation of a fuel such as methanol or water vapor. SOLUTION: An alloy container 12 having a hydrogen storage alloy 11 therein, a reformed gas line 14 for introducing a reformed gas from a reformer into the alloy container, and an upstream side of the alloy container and the reformer. A hydrogen gas line 16 communicating therewith, (a) guiding a part of the reformed gas to the hydrogen storage alloy through the reformed gas line during operation of the reformer, and allowing only the hydrogen to be absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy;
(B) releasing hydrogen from the hydrogen storage alloy when the reformer stops, supplying hydrogen to the upstream side of the reformer via a hydrogen gas line to purge residual fuel and moisture in the reformer, c)
Next, hydrogen is sealed in the reformer.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、固体高分子型燃料電池
等の燃料電池用改質設備の停止方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for stopping a fuel cell reforming facility such as a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】固体高分子型燃料電池（Polymer Electr
olyte Fuel Cell:ＰＥＦＣ）は、図３の原理図に示すよ
うに、電解質にプロトン（Ｈ+ ）導電性を有する高分子
膜１を用い、この膜の両側に薄い多孔質Ｐｔ触媒電極２
（アノードとカソード）を付けた構造を有する。それぞ
れの電極にＨ2 およびＯ2 を供給し、室温〜１００℃前
後で動作させると、Ｈ2 はＨ2 極（アノード）でＨ+ に
酸化され、Ｈ+ は膜内を移動してＯ2 極（カソード）に
到達する。一方ｅ- は外部回路を通って電気的な仕事を
したのち、Ｏ2 極に到達する。Ｏ2 極ではＯ2 が到達し
たＨ+ およびｅ-と反応してＨ2 Ｏに還元される。2. Description of the Related Art Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (Polymer Electr)
As shown in the principle diagram of FIG. 3, the Olyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) uses a polymer membrane 1 having proton (H + ) conductivity as an electrolyte, and a thin porous Pt catalyst electrode 2 on both sides of the membrane.
(Anode and cathode). Supplying H 2 and O 2 to the respective electrodes, operating at around room temperature to 100 ° C., H 2 is oxidized to H + with H 2-pole (anode), H + is moved to the film O 2 Reaches the pole (cathode). On the other hand, e − performs electric work through an external circuit and then reaches the O 2 pole. At the O 2 electrode, O 2 reacts with the reached H + and e − and is reduced to H 2 O.
【０００３】ＰＥＦＣの構造例を図４に示す。ＰＥＦＣ
は、セパレータ５の間に膜／電解質接合体４を挟んで１
つのセルが構成される。膜／電解質接合体４は、イオン
交換膜１の両面に、Ｐｔ黒又はＰｔ担持カーボンからな
る多孔質電極２と、カーボンペーパあるいはカーボン布
からなる支持集電体３を配置したものである。また、セ
パレータ５は、両面にガスを流す溝を有し、かつ内部に
冷却水を流す溝を有する導電性の板である。なお図４の
例では内部の冷却溝は２枚のセパレータを接合して構成
されている。FIG. 4 shows an example of the structure of a PEFC. PEFC
Is 1 with the membrane / electrolyte assembly 4 interposed between the separators 5.
One cell is composed. The membrane / electrolyte assembly 4 has a structure in which a porous electrode 2 made of Pt black or Pt-supported carbon and a support current collector 3 made of carbon paper or carbon cloth are arranged on both surfaces of the ion exchange membrane 1. The separator 5 is a conductive plate having grooves for flowing gas on both sides and grooves for flowing cooling water inside. In the example of FIG. 4, the internal cooling groove is formed by joining two separators.
【０００４】セパレータ５と膜／電解質接合体４を交互
に複数積層することによりスタック（積層電池）が構成
される。ガスや冷却水のシールは、ゴムシートやテフロ
ンシートを間に挟んで行うことが多いが、イオン交換膜
の弾性を利用して、膜自身でシールする場合もある。ま
た、スタックの両端には金属の集電板（図示せず）を配
置して外部電流取出し端子とし、さらに絶縁板を介して
締付板を配置し、全体をボルト等で締め付けて一体化す
る。上述した固体高分子型燃料電池（ＰＥＦＣ）は、１
００℃以下の低温差動であるために、放熱損失が少な
く、システムがコンパクト化できるメリットがあり、電
気自動車等への可搬型電源として各国で精力的に研究さ
れている。A stack (laminated battery) is formed by alternately laminating a plurality of separators 5 and membrane / electrolyte assemblies 4. In many cases, gas or cooling water is sealed with a rubber sheet or a Teflon sheet interposed therebetween, but in some cases, the membrane itself is sealed by utilizing the elasticity of the ion exchange membrane. Further, a metal current collector (not shown) is disposed at both ends of the stack to serve as external current extraction terminals, and a clamping plate is further disposed via an insulating plate. . The polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) described above has
Since it is a low temperature differential of 00 ° C. or less, there is an advantage that a heat radiation loss is small and a system can be made compact, and it has been energetically studied in various countries as a portable power supply for electric vehicles and the like.
【０００５】図５は、メタノールを燃料とし、メタノー
ル改質設備とＰＥＦＣとを組み合わせた可搬電源の構成
図である。この図において、メタノール改質設備は、蒸
発器６、改質器７、及びＣＯ除去器８からなり、メタノ
ールと水から、ＣＨ3 ＯＨ＋Ｈ2 Ｏ→３Ｈ2 ＋ＣＯ2 の
反応により、水素と二酸化炭素を生成する。この反応温
度は約３００℃前後であり、水とメタノールの蒸発及び
改質反応に必要な熱は、燃料電池の未利用の水素を含む
燃料排ガスおよび空気を燃焼させて供給される。かかる
小型可搬電源は、例えば、電気自動車等の車両用電源と
して用いることができる。FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a portable power source using methanol as a fuel and combining a methanol reforming facility and PEFC. In this figure, the methanol reforming equipment comprises an evaporator 6, a reformer 7, and a CO remover 8, and hydrogen and carbon dioxide are converted from methanol and water by a reaction of CH 3 OH + H 2 O → 3H 2 + CO 2. Generate The reaction temperature is about 300 ° C., and the heat required for the evaporation and reforming reactions of water and methanol is supplied by burning fuel exhaust gas containing unused hydrogen and air in the fuel cell. Such a small portable power supply can be used, for example, as a power supply for vehicles such as electric vehicles.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述した燃料電池用改
質設備では、運転停止の際に不活性ガスでガスパージを
行って、触媒層内の残留燃料分や水分を追い出し、かつ
触媒活性金属を活性な還元状態に保持している。これは
ガスパージせずにそのまま停止させた場合、改質触媒に
プロセスガス（メタノール等の燃料，水蒸気）の凝縮が
起こって触媒の性能を低下させたり破壊してしまうため
である。また空気が混入すると改質触媒を酸化させ、同
様に触媒活性の低下が生じるので、パージガスには窒素
などの不活性ガスが用いられている。In the above-described fuel cell reforming facility, when the operation is stopped, a gas purge is performed with an inert gas to drive out residual fuel and water in the catalyst layer and to remove the catalytically active metal. It is kept in an active reduced state. This is because, when the reforming catalyst is stopped as it is without gas purging, condensation of process gas (fuel such as methanol, water vapor) occurs on the reforming catalyst, thereby lowering or destroying the performance of the catalyst. Further, if air is mixed, the reforming catalyst is oxidized and the catalytic activity is similarly reduced. Therefore, an inert gas such as nitrogen is used as the purge gas.
【０００７】しかし、電気自動車等の車両搭載用に燃料
電池を用いる場合に、窒素などの不活性ガスをボンベ等
で搭載するのでは重量やスペースが無駄になる上、起動
停止の回数が多いので頻繁に補充する必要がある問題点
があった。However, when a fuel cell is used for mounting on an electric vehicle or the like, mounting an inert gas such as nitrogen in a cylinder or the like wastes weight and space, and the number of times of starting and stopping is large. There was a problem that needed to be replenished frequently.
【０００８】この問題点を解決するために、高圧の改質
ガスにより未反応のメタノールをパージする「メタノー
ル改質装置のシャットダウン方法」（特開平３−２４７
５０１号）が提案されている。しかしこの方法では、残
留メタノールの凝縮による触媒の劣化を防止することは
できるが、改質ガスに含まれる残留水分が凝縮して触媒
表面に付着するため、この残留水分による触媒活性の低
下を防止できなかった。In order to solve this problem, a "method of shutting down a methanol reformer" in which unreacted methanol is purged by a high-pressure reforming gas (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-247)
No. 501) has been proposed. However, this method can prevent the catalyst from deteriorating due to the condensation of residual methanol, but since the residual moisture contained in the reformed gas condenses and adheres to the catalyst surface, it prevents the decrease in catalytic activity due to the residual moisture. could not.
【０００９】本発明はかかる問題点を解決するために創
案されたものである。すなわち、本発明の目的は、メタ
ノール等の燃料及び水蒸気の凝縮による改質触媒の性能
低下を防止することができる燃料電池用改質設備の停止
方法を提供することにある。The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for stopping a reforming facility for a fuel cell, which can prevent the performance of a reforming catalyst from deteriorating due to condensation of fuel such as methanol and water vapor.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明によれば、水素吸
蔵合金（１１）を内部に保有する合金容器（１２）と、
該合金容器内に改質器からの改質ガスを導く改質ガスラ
イン（１４）と、合金容器と改質器の上流側とを連通す
る水素ガスライン（１６）とを備え、（ａ）改質器の運
転中に改質ガスの一部を改質ガスラインを介して水素吸
蔵合金に導き、水素のみ水素吸蔵合金に吸収させ、
（ｂ）改質器の停止時に水素吸蔵合金から水素を放出さ
せ、水素ガスラインを介して改質器の上流側に水素を供
給して改質器内の残留燃料及び水分をパージし、（ｃ）
次いで改質器内に水素を封入する、ことを特徴とする燃
料電池用改質設備の停止方法が提供される。According to the present invention, there is provided an alloy container (12) having a hydrogen storage alloy (11) therein,
A reformed gas line (14) for introducing a reformed gas from the reformer into the alloy container, and a hydrogen gas line (16) communicating the alloy container and the upstream side of the reformer, (a) During the operation of the reformer, part of the reformed gas is led to the hydrogen storage alloy via the reformed gas line, and only hydrogen is absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy,
(B) releasing hydrogen from the hydrogen storage alloy when the reformer stops, supplying hydrogen to the upstream side of the reformer via a hydrogen gas line to purge residual fuel and moisture in the reformer, c)
Then, hydrogen is sealed in the reformer, and a method for stopping the reforming equipment for a fuel cell is provided.
【００１１】上記本発明の方法によれば、（ａ）改質器
の運転中に改質ガス中の水素ガスのみを選択的に水素吸
蔵合金に吸収させて保持することができる。また、
（ｂ）改質器の停止時に水素吸蔵合金から水素を放出さ
せ、この水素ガスにより改質器内の残留燃料及び水分を
パージし、（ｃ）次いで改質器内に水素を封入するの
で、外部からの補充なしに起動停止を頻繁に繰り返すこ
とができる。また、１回の運転で１回分のパージ用水素
を吸収できればよいので、水素吸蔵合金中への水素貯蔵
量は少なくてよく、その結果、ガスボンベ等に比較して
軽量、かつコンパクトにすることができる。According to the method of the present invention, (a) during operation of the reformer, only the hydrogen gas in the reformed gas can be selectively absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy and held. Also,
(B) When the reformer is stopped, hydrogen is released from the hydrogen storage alloy, the hydrogen gas purges residual fuel and moisture in the reformer, and (c) hydrogen is then sealed in the reformer. Start-stop can be repeated frequently without external replenishment. Also, since it is only necessary to absorb one purge hydrogen in one operation, the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy may be small, and as a result, it is possible to make the hydrogen storage alloy lighter and more compact than a gas cylinder or the like. it can.
【００１２】本発明の好ましい実施形態によれば、改質
ガスライン（１４）に圧縮器（１５）を備え、これによ
り、改質ガスを所定の圧力に昇圧して合金容器（１２）
に供給する。この方法により、特に改質器を含む燃料電
池装置の圧力を変化させることなく、水素吸蔵合金に適
した圧力で水素を吸着させ、かつこの圧力を下げて水素
を放出させることができる。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reformed gas line (14) is provided with a compressor (15), whereby the reformed gas is pressurized to a predetermined pressure and the alloy container (12) is increased.
To supply. According to this method, it is possible to adsorb hydrogen at a pressure suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy and release hydrogen at a reduced pressure without changing the pressure of the fuel cell device including the reformer.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態
を図面を参照して説明する。なお、各図において、共通
する部分には同一の符号を付して使用する。図１は、本
発明による停止方法を適用する燃料電池用改質設備の構
成図である。この図において、この燃料電池用改質設備
１０は、蒸発器６、改質器７、及びＣＯ除去器８からな
り、蒸発器６でメタノール及び水を蒸発させ、改質器７
でＣＨ3 ＯＨ＋Ｈ2 Ｏ→３Ｈ2 ＋ＣＯ2 の反応により、
水素と二酸化炭素を生成し、ＣＯ除去器８でＣＯを除去
した改質ガスを燃料電池に供給するようになっている。
また、改質器７の上流側とＣＯ除去器８の下流側にそれ
ぞれ遮断弁７ａ，８ａを備え、改質器の停止時に改質器
７からＣＯ除去器８までの系統を遮断できるようになっ
ている。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, common parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell reforming facility to which the stopping method according to the present invention is applied. In this figure, the fuel cell reforming facility 10 is composed of an evaporator 6, a reformer 7, and a CO remover 8, and the evaporator 6 evaporates methanol and water.
With the reaction of CH 3 OH + H 2 O → 3H 2 + CO 2 ,
The reformed gas that generates hydrogen and carbon dioxide and from which CO is removed by the CO remover 8 is supplied to the fuel cell.
Further, shut-off valves 7a and 8a are provided on the upstream side of the reformer 7 and the downstream side of the CO remover 8, respectively, so that the system from the reformer 7 to the CO remover 8 can be shut off when the reformer is stopped. Has become.
【００１４】本発明によれば、更に、水素吸蔵合金１１
を内部に保有する合金容器１２と、この合金容器１２内
に改質器７からの改質ガスを導く改質ガスライン１４
と、合金容器１２と改質器７の上流側とを連通する水素
ガスライン１６とを備える。なお、この例において、改
質ガスライン１４はＣＯ除去器８と遮断弁８ａとの間か
ら合金容器１２に連通し、水素ガスライン１６は改質器
７と遮断弁７ａとの間と合金容器１２とを連通してい
る。According to the present invention, the hydrogen storage alloy 11
And a reformed gas line 14 for introducing a reformed gas from the reformer 7 into the alloy container 12.
And a hydrogen gas line 16 communicating the alloy container 12 and the upstream side of the reformer 7. In this example, the reformed gas line 14 communicates with the alloy container 12 from between the CO remover 8 and the shutoff valve 8a, and the hydrogen gas line 16 connects between the reformer 7 and the shutoff valve 7a. 12 is communicated.
【００１５】更に、この例では、改質ガスライン１４に
圧縮器１５を備え、これにより、改質ガスを水素吸蔵合
金１１の吸着に適した所定の圧力に昇圧して合金容器１
２に供給するようになっている。また、圧縮器１５と合
金容器１２との間には開閉弁１４ａが設けられ、水素ガ
スライン１６には圧力調節弁１６ａが設けられている。Further, in this example, the reformed gas line 14 is provided with a compressor 15, whereby the reformed gas is pressurized to a predetermined pressure suitable for the adsorption of the hydrogen storage alloy 11, and the alloy container 1
2. An on-off valve 14a is provided between the compressor 15 and the alloy container 12, and a pressure control valve 16a is provided on the hydrogen gas line 16.
【００１６】図２は、水素吸蔵合金の特性図である。こ
の図において、横軸は含有水素量、縦軸は平衡水素圧力
であり、曲線は十分に活性化した試料に対してある温度
で水素圧力を上昇していったとき（吸収）と十分に水素
を吸蔵させた後に減圧していったとき（放出）の各時点
での平衡圧力を示している。濃度に対して平衡圧力が一
定となる平坦部がいわゆるプラトーであり、上述した圧
縮器１５により吸蔵時のプラトー圧力まで昇圧して水素
を吸収させ、逆に放出時のプラトー圧力まで圧力調節弁
１６ａで減圧して水素を放出させることにより、効率的
な水素の吸収・放出ができる。また、この水素吸蔵合金
は、他の種々の気体と水素が混合しているとき、水素を
選択的によく吸収（吸蔵）することができる。従って、
燃料蒸気、水蒸気、水素、ＣＯ等が混合した状態の改質
ガスから、水素を選択に吸収して、改質器の停止時にパ
ージ用に用いることができる。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram of the hydrogen storage alloy. In this figure, the horizontal axis represents the hydrogen content, and the vertical axis represents the equilibrium hydrogen pressure. The curve shows that when the hydrogen pressure is increased at a certain temperature (absorption) for a sufficiently activated sample, the hydrogen content is sufficiently high. Shows the equilibrium pressure at each point in time when the pressure is reduced (released) after occlusion. The flat portion where the equilibrium pressure is constant with respect to the concentration is a so-called plateau. The compressor 15 raises the pressure to the plateau pressure at the time of occlusion to absorb hydrogen, and conversely, the pressure control valve 16a to the plateau pressure at the time of release. By depressurizing and releasing hydrogen, hydrogen can be efficiently absorbed and released. In addition, when hydrogen is mixed with other various gases, the hydrogen storage alloy can selectively absorb and occlude hydrogen well. Therefore,
Hydrogen can be selectively absorbed from the reformed gas in which fuel vapor, steam, hydrogen, CO, etc. are mixed, and used for purging when the reformer is stopped.
【００１７】本発明の方法によれば、上述した構成の燃
料電池用改質設備を用い、（ａ）改質器７の運転中に改
質ガスの一部を改質ガスライン１４を介して水素吸蔵合
金１１に導き、水素のみ水素吸蔵合金１１に吸収させ、
（ｂ）改質器７の停止時に水素吸蔵合金１１から水素を
放出させ、水素ガスライン１６を介して改質器７の上流
側に水素を供給して改質器内の残留燃料及び水分をパー
ジし、（ｃ）次いで改質器内に水素を封入する。この方
法によれば、（ａ）改質器７の運転中に改質ガス中の水
素ガスのみを選択的に水素吸蔵合金１１に吸収させて保
持することができる。また、（ｂ）改質器７の停止時に
水素吸蔵合金１１から水素を放出させ、この水素ガスに
より改質器内の残留燃料及び水分をパージし、（ｃ）次
いで改質器内に水素を封入するので、外部からの補充な
しに起動停止を頻繁に繰り返すことができる。According to the method of the present invention, the reforming equipment for a fuel cell having the above-described structure is used, and (a) a part of the reformed gas is supplied via the reformed gas line 14 during the operation of the reformer 7. Guided to the hydrogen storage alloy 11, only hydrogen is absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy 11,
(B) When the reformer 7 is stopped, hydrogen is released from the hydrogen storage alloy 11, and hydrogen is supplied to the upstream side of the reformer 7 through the hydrogen gas line 16 to remove residual fuel and moisture in the reformer. Purging and (c) then filling the reformer with hydrogen. According to this method, (a) during operation of the reformer 7, only the hydrogen gas in the reformed gas can be selectively absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy 11 and held. Further, (b) hydrogen is released from the hydrogen storage alloy 11 when the reformer 7 is stopped, and the residual gas and moisture in the reformer are purged by the hydrogen gas. (C) Then, hydrogen is injected into the reformer. Since it is enclosed, the start-stop can be frequently repeated without external replenishment.
【００１８】また、１回の運転で１回分のパージ用水素
を吸収できればよいので、水素吸蔵合金中への水素貯蔵
量は少なくてよく、その結果、ガスボンベ等に比較して
軽量、かつコンパクトにすることができる。更に、改質
ガスライン１４に圧縮器１５を備えることにより、特に
改質器を含む燃料電池装置の圧力を変化させることな
く、水素吸蔵合金に適した圧力で水素を吸着させ、かつ
この圧力を下げて水素を放出させることができる。Further, since it is only necessary to absorb one purge hydrogen in one operation, the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy may be small, and as a result, it is lighter and more compact than a gas cylinder or the like. can do. Further, by providing the reformed gas line 14 with the compressor 15, hydrogen is adsorbed at a pressure suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy without changing the pressure of the fuel cell device including the reformer, and the pressure is reduced. Can be released to release hydrogen.
【００１９】なお、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定さ
れず、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更できる
ことは勿論である。It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】上述したように、本発明の燃料電池用改
質設備の停止方法は、メタノール等の燃料及び水蒸気の
凝縮による改質触媒の性能低下を防止することができ、
かつ特に改質器を含む燃料電池装置の圧力を変化させる
ことなく、水素吸蔵合金に適した圧力で水素を吸着さ
せ、かつこの圧力を下げて水素を放出させることができ
る、等の優れた効果を有する。As described above, the method for shutting down the reforming equipment for a fuel cell according to the present invention can prevent the performance of the reforming catalyst from deteriorating due to condensation of fuel such as methanol and steam.
And excellent effects such as being able to adsorb hydrogen at a pressure suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy and release hydrogen at a reduced pressure without changing the pressure of the fuel cell device including the reformer. Having.
【図１】本発明による停止方法を適用する燃料電池用改
質器の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell reformer to which a stopping method according to the present invention is applied.
【図２】水素吸蔵合金の特性図である。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram of a hydrogen storage alloy.
【図３】固体高分子型燃料電池の原理図である。FIG. 3 is a principle diagram of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【図４】固体高分子型燃料電池の構造図である。FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【図５】従来の固体高分子型燃料電池発電設備の全体構
成図である。FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation facility.
【符号の説明】 １ イオン交換膜（高分子膜） ２ 電極 ３ 支持集電体 ４ 膜／電解質接合体 ５ セパレータ ６ 蒸発器 ７ 改質器 ７ａ 遮断弁 ８ ＣＯ除去器 ８ａ 遮断弁 １１ 水素吸蔵合金 １２ 合金容器 １４ 改質ガスライン １４ａ 開閉弁 １５ 圧縮器 １６ 水素ガスライン １６ａ 圧力調節弁[Description of Signs] 1 Ion exchange membrane (polymer membrane) 2 Electrode 3 Supporting current collector 4 Membrane / electrolyte assembly 5 Separator 6 Evaporator 7 Reformer 7a Shutoff valve 8 CO remover 8a Shutoff valve 11 Hydrogen storage alloy 12 Alloy container 14 Reformed gas line 14a Open / close valve 15 Compressor 16 Hydrogen gas line 16a Pressure control valve
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 5H027 AA06 BA01 BA14 BA16 CC06 MM12 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F-term (reference) 5H027 AA06 BA01 BA14 BA16 CC06 MM12
Claims (2)
合金容器（１２）と、該合金容器内に改質器からの改質
ガスを導く改質ガスライン（１４）と、合金容器と改質
器の上流側とを連通する水素ガスライン（１６）とを備
え、 （ａ）改質器の運転中に改質ガスの一部を改質ガスライ
ンを介して水素吸蔵合金に導き、水素のみ水素吸蔵合金
に吸収させ、 （ｂ）改質器の停止時に水素吸蔵合金から水素を放出さ
せ、水素ガスラインを介して改質器の上流側に水素を供
給して改質器内の残留燃料及び水分をパージし、 （ｃ）次いで改質器内に水素を封入する、ことを特徴と
する燃料電池用改質設備の停止方法。An alloy container (12) containing a hydrogen storage alloy (11) therein, a reformed gas line (14) for introducing a reformed gas from a reformer into the alloy container, and an alloy container. A hydrogen gas line (16) communicating with the upstream side of the reformer; (a) guiding a part of the reformed gas to the hydrogen storage alloy through the reformed gas line during operation of the reformer; (B) releasing hydrogen from the hydrogen storage alloy when the reformer is stopped, supplying hydrogen to the upstream side of the reformer through a hydrogen gas line, and (C) hydrogen is sealed in the reformer, and a method of stopping the reforming equipment for a fuel cell is performed.
５）を備え、これにより、改質ガスを所定の圧力に昇圧
して合金容器（１２）に供給する、ことを特徴とする請
求項１に記載の燃料電池用改質設備の停止方法。2. A compressor (1) is connected to a reformed gas line (14).
The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of: (5) increasing the pressure of the reformed gas to a predetermined pressure and supplying the reformed gas to the alloy container (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10188469A JP2000021431A (en) | 1998-07-03 | 1998-07-03 | How to shut down fuel cell reforming equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10188469A JP2000021431A (en) | 1998-07-03 | 1998-07-03 | How to shut down fuel cell reforming equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000021431A true JP2000021431A (en) | 2000-01-21 |
Family
ID=16224277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10188469A Pending JP2000021431A (en) | 1998-07-03 | 1998-07-03 | How to shut down fuel cell reforming equipment |
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| JP (1) | JP2000021431A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002216822A (en) * | 2001-01-18 | 2002-08-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| WO2003033400A1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-24 | Ballard Generation Systems Inc. | Fuel processing system and method of purging a fuel processing system |
| US6743537B2 (en) | 2000-12-11 | 2004-06-01 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrogen gas generating systems, fuel cell systems and methods for stopping operation of fuel cell system |
| JP2011249234A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-12-08 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Fuel cell system and method of operating fuel cell system |
| JP2016124759A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2016-07-11 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Operation method of hydrogen production apparatus, and hydrogen production apparatus |
-
1998
- 1998-07-03 JP JP10188469A patent/JP2000021431A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6743537B2 (en) | 2000-12-11 | 2004-06-01 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrogen gas generating systems, fuel cell systems and methods for stopping operation of fuel cell system |
| DE10160556B4 (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2010-09-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Toyota-shi | Hydrogen gas generating systems and methods for stopping the operation of a hydrogen gas generating system |
| JP2002216822A (en) * | 2001-01-18 | 2002-08-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| WO2003033400A1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-24 | Ballard Generation Systems Inc. | Fuel processing system and method of purging a fuel processing system |
| JP2011249234A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-12-08 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Fuel cell system and method of operating fuel cell system |
| JP2016124759A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2016-07-11 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Operation method of hydrogen production apparatus, and hydrogen production apparatus |
| WO2016111184A1 (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2016-07-14 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Method for operating hydrogen generation apparatus and hydrogen generation apparatus |
| US10501319B2 (en) | 2015-01-05 | 2019-12-10 | Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. | Operation method for hydrogen production apparatus, and hydrogen production apparatus |
| US10597293B2 (en) | 2015-01-05 | 2020-03-24 | Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. | Operation method for hydrogen production apparatus, and hydrogen production apparatus |
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