JP2000000701A - Turning method, cutting tool and turning device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a turning method capable of reducing replacement work of cutting means and also reducing the number of times feeding is performed to the cutting means. SOLUTION: A work piece 58 is rotated and a cutting tip 10 is rotated.
In the turning method for cutting the surface of the workpiece 58 by feeding the workpieces a and 10b, the cutting tips 10a and 10b
Two cutting tips 10a and 10b are arranged along the feed direction A with respect to the workpiece 58, and each cutting tip 10
a, 10b are sequentially increased from the front side to the rear side in the feed direction A, and the two cutting tips 10
a and 10b are sent together.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turning method for rotating a workpiece and feeding the cutting means to cut the surface of the workpiece, a cutting tool used in the method, and a cutting tool used for the method. It relates to a turning device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional cutting tool and a turning apparatus having the cutting tool will be described. Fig. 6-
Cutting tool 5 as shown in FIG.
0 is the main. The basic structure of the cutting tool 50 is a shank 52
And a blade portion 54 provided at the tip of the shank 52. Only one blade 54 is provided for one shank 52.

There are various types of structures for forming the blade portion 54. For example, a cutting tool 50 shown in FIG. 6 is one in which a cutting portion 54 made of a hard material is fixed to a shank 52 by means such as brazing (a cutting tool bit). In addition, the cutting tool 50 shown in FIG. 7 has a blade portion 54 directly formed at the tip of the shank 52, and the cutting portion 54 is formed of the same material as the shank 52 (a solid cutting tool). The cutting tool 50 shown in FIG. 8 is one in which a throw-away tip 54 as a blade is exchangeably attached to the tip of a shank 52 (a throw-away cutting tool).

[0004] The cutting tool 50 rotates the workpiece,
A turning device (typically, a lathe) that feeds the cutting tool 50 to cut a workpiece is used. In the turning device, various cutting operations such as outer round cutting, surface cutting, boring, and taper cutting can be performed by using the cutting tool 50.

[0005] The general configuration of the turning device 56 will be specifically described with reference to FIG. The turning device 56 includes a workpiece 58
A rotation mechanism 62 for rotating the workpiece 58 by rotating the chuck mechanism 60;
Tool 50 and tool post 64 to which tool 50 is attached
And a feed mechanism 66 for feeding the tool post 64. As an example, the turning device 56 performs outer round cutting on the workpiece 58 with the feed direction A of the tool post 64 being parallel to the direction of the rotation axis L of the workpiece 58. Is set in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis L of the workpiece 58, the front end face of the workpiece 58 can be chamfered.

[0006] Then, the turning method is usually a work 5
In the case of performing a cutting process such as an outer round cutting process or a face cutting process on the workpiece 8, the projecting amount B of the cutting tool 50 from the tool rest 64 is gradually increased until the workpiece 58 has a desired size. The cutting process is repeatedly performed while keeping the cut amount C with respect to the predetermined range. In addition, the cutting process is generally divided into a rough cutting process and a finish cutting process (a middle cutting process may be performed during this process), and a suitable cutting tool 50 is used in accordance with each operation. From the above, in order to perform the cutting process on the workpiece 58 to obtain the desired dimensions, the tool post 6
Change the amount of protrusion from 4, and also replace the cutting tool 50 itself,
Each time, it is necessary to operate the feed mechanism 66 to reciprocate the cutting tool 50.

[0007]

However, in the above-mentioned turning method, as described above, the work of exchanging the cutting tool is required by the number of kinds of the cutting tool, and the tool post is also operated by operating the feed mechanism several times. There is a problem that the cutting operation cannot be performed efficiently because it is necessary to reciprocate twice.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a turning method and a cutting tool which can reduce the number of times of changing the cutting means and also reduce the number of feeds to the cutting means. A turning device is provided.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a turning machine for rotating a workpiece and feeding the cutting means to cut the surface of the workpiece. In the processing method, a plurality of the cutting means is prepared,
A plurality of the cutting means are arranged along a feed direction with respect to the workpiece, and the projecting amounts of the plurality of cutting means are sequentially increased from a front side to a rear side in the feed direction, and the plurality of cutting means are integrally sent. It is characterized by the following.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cutting tool which is fed relatively to a rotating workpiece and cuts the surface of the workpiece, wherein the cutting tool is arranged along a feeding direction with respect to the workpiece. It comprises a plurality of cutting means arranged so that each projecting amount is sequentially increased from the front side to the rear side in the feed direction, and one holding part to which the plurality of cutting means is attached. It is characterized by doing.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a turning apparatus for rotating a held workpiece and feeding a cutting tool to cut the surface of the workpiece. A tool, a tool rest to which the cutting tool can be attached, a feed mechanism for feeding the tool rest, a chuck mechanism for holding the workpiece, and a rotation drive mechanism for rotating the chuck mechanism. Features.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a chuck mechanism for holding a workpiece, a rotary drive mechanism for rotating the chuck mechanism, a tool rest on which a cutting tool is mounted, and a feed tool for feeding the tool. A plurality of cutting tools can be mounted on the tool rest in a row along the feed direction of the tool rest, and the projecting amount of each of the plurality of cutting tools is fed to the tool rest. It can be set so as to increase sequentially from the front side to the rear side in the direction.

According to these, since turning of the workpiece by a plurality of cutting means is completed by one feed, one cutting means is sent once and then replaced with the next cutting means as in the conventional case. As compared with the case of repeating the step of performing the feeding again, the number of times of replacement work of the cutting means and the number of times of feeding can be reduced, and efficient turning of the workpiece can be performed.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a turning method, a cutting tool and a turning device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the same components as those described in the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[Turning Method] First, a turning method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, a configuration of an embodiment of a cutting tool used for the turning will be described. First, as a first step, a plurality of cutting means (two as an example in the present embodiment: 10a and 10b) are prepared in a number required for turning. The cutting means 10a and 10b are, for example, cutting tips.

In a second step, the prepared two cutting tips 10a and 10b are attached to one shank 14 as shown in FIG. For example, the shank 14 is formed with two cutting tip mounting portions 12a and 12b.
Note that a cutting tool with two cutting tips 10a and 10b fixed in advance may be prepared. The details of the mounting structure are as follows. Each of the cutting tips 10a and 10b has a workpiece 5 as shown in FIG.
8 are arranged along the feed direction (the direction of the arrow A), and the amount of protrusion B1, B2 of each cutting tip 10a, 10b is sequentially increased from the front side to the rear side in the feed direction A. That is,
Projection amount B1 of cutting tip 10a located on the front side in feed direction A and projection amount B of cutting tip 10b located on the rear side in feed direction A
B1 <B2. In addition, each cutting tip 1
Cutting amounts C1, C for workpieces 0a, 10b
2 is kept within a range where the cutting accuracy by the cutting tips 10a and 10b can be sufficiently maintained.

In a third step, the cutting tool 16 is fed while the workpiece 58 is rotated, as shown in FIG.
Since the cutting tool 16 has a configuration in which two cutting tips 10a and 10b are attached to one shank 14, the cutting tips 10a and 10b are simultaneously sent as a single unit. In order to feed the cutting tool 16, the cutting tool 16 is attached to the tool rest 64. Thereby, the workpiece 58
Is cut by the cutting amount (C1 + C2) at the same time by the cutting tips 10a and 10b only by feeding the cutting tool 16 once. For this reason, while changing the cutting tool as in the related art, the feed is performed twice to obtain the predetermined cutting amount (C1).
+ C2) Only one feed is required as compared with the case of performing the cutting, and the exchange of the cutting tool is not required, so that efficient cutting can be performed.

Here, by turning the work piece 58 around a first rotation axis L1 parallel to the feed direction A, the work 58 can be externally rounded, while the second work piece is perpendicular to the feed direction A. By performing the rotation about the rotation axis L2, the surface grinding can be performed. Although not shown, the workpiece 58
If the rotation axis of the workpiece 58 is inclined with respect to the feed direction A, the end of the workpiece 58 can be cut into a tapered surface.

[Cutting Tool] Next, the cutting tool will be described. Already, multiple cutting tips 1 on one shank 14
Although the cutting tool 16 having the configuration (first configuration) to which Oa and 10b are attached has been described, it is also possible to configure the cutting tool with another configuration. In the second configuration, as shown in FIG. 3, the cutting means is a cutting tool itself, and a plurality of (for example, 3
Pieces) of cutting tools 50 (each of which may be a different type of tool) are integrated by attaching them to one holding portion 18. The cutting tool 20 includes a plurality of cutting tools 50 and the holding portions 18. It consists of. Also in this case, the cutting tools 50 are mounted side by side in the feed direction (the direction of the arrow A) with respect to the workpiece 58, and the protruding amounts B1, B2, and B3 of the blades of the cutting tools 50 are determined from the front side in the feed direction A Increase sequentially toward the rear side (B1 <B2 <B
3). The holding portion 18 is configured to be attachable to the tool rest 64, and the amount of protrusion of each cutting bite 50 may be fixed or may be configured to be independently adjustable.

[Turning Apparatus] (First Embodiment) Next, a basic configuration of an embodiment of a turning apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. The same components as those of the turning device 56 described in the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. This turning device 22
Outside rounding is performed. The basic configuration is substantially the same as the turning device 56 described in the conventional example, and includes a tool rest 64 to which a cutting tool can be attached, a feed mechanism 66 for feeding the tool rest 64, and a chuck mechanism 60 for holding a workpiece 58. And a rotation drive mechanism 62 for rotating the workpiece 58 by rotating the chuck mechanism 60. The characteristic part is a cutting tool, and the cutting tool 16 of the first configuration and the cutting tool 20 of the second configuration described above are used instead of the conventional cutting tool 50.
It is a point attached to.

A turning device 24 shown in FIG. 4 is a lapping device which is an example of a device for performing a face cutting process. In this apparatus, the workpiece is a lap plate 58 and the feed mechanism 6
6 is a tool post 6 to which cutting tools (16 and 20) are attached.
4 has the function of reciprocating in the feed direction A orthogonal to the rotation axis of the lap plate 58. With this configuration, the surface of the lap plate 58 is cut by the cutting tool (16 or 2).
0) attached to a plurality of cutting means (cutting tip 10
And a cutting tool 50). The chuck mechanism and the rotation drive mechanism are provided on the base 26.

(Second Embodiment) The basic configuration of a turning apparatus according to the present embodiment is also substantially the same as the above-described turning apparatus 22 or turning apparatus 24. is there. Therefore, only the tool rest 64 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the tool rest 64 is provided with a cutting tool (bite) 50 having a conventional configuration and a feed direction A of the tool rest 64.
(In FIG. 5, two as an example) can be attached. Further, the protrusion amounts B1 and B2 of the attached cutting tools 50 can be adjusted. Therefore, if the projecting amounts B1 and B2 of each cutting bite 50 are set so as to increase sequentially from the front side to the rear side in the feed direction A (B1 <B2), two cutting operations can be performed by one feed operation. Can be performed simultaneously.

Although the embodiments of the turning method, the cutting tool, and the turning apparatus according to the present invention have been described above, when the present invention is used, as described in the conventional example, the cutting is usually performed in the rough cutting step. And a finishing step, and all of the cutting means (cutting tip and cutting bit) used in the roughing step and the finishing step are held by the holding unit 18.
If it can be mounted on the shank 14 or the tool post 64, the turning of the workpiece would not be completed unless the cutting tool was replaced several times and feed was performed each time. It is also possible to complete the turning of the workpiece only by attaching a single feed and performing the feed once, and the workability of the turning work can be greatly improved.

[0024] In addition, the cutting tool is a throw-away bite capable of simultaneously attaching a plurality of indexable tips to the tip of one shank so that a plurality of indexable inserts can be exchanged at the same time. By setting in consideration of the difference of the notch amount, if the chip is mounted on each chip mounting part, the protrusion amount of each chip is automatically determined, so the notch amount between each chip must be adjusted one by one It is decided unambiguously. Therefore, the setup time can be simplified, which greatly contributes to a reduction in man-hours. In particular, the difference in the notch amount between
When the distance is as small as m to several tens of μm, the adjustment is troublesome, and the effect is large.

As described above, various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Of course.

[0026]

According to the turning method, the cutting tool and the turning device according to the present invention, the turning of the workpiece by a plurality of cutting means (specifically, cutting tools and cutting tips) is completed by one feed. Therefore, compared to the conventional case where one cutting means is sent once and then replaced with the next cutting means and the feed is repeated again, the number of times of replacement work of the cutting means and the number of feeds are compared. Therefore, there is an effect that the turning of the workpiece can be efficiently performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the configuration of the cutting tool of FIG. 1 and a turning method according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a configuration of a cutting tool according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the configuration of an embodiment of a turning apparatus according to the present invention (apparatus for performing face-cutting processing).

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining features of a configuration of a turning apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of a cutting tool as a conventional cutting tool (a cutting tool).

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of a cutting bit as a conventional cutting tool (a solid bit).

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of a cutting tool as a conventional cutting tool (a throw-away tool).

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a configuration of a general turning apparatus (apparatus for performing outer round cutting).

[Explanation of symbols]

 10a, 10b Cutting tip as cutting means 14 Shank 58 Workpiece 64 Turret A Feeding direction B1, B2 Projection amount

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A turning method for turning a workpiece and feeding the cutting means to cut the surface of the workpiece, wherein a plurality of the cutting means are prepared, and the cutting is performed along a feed direction with respect to the workpiece. A turning method, comprising: arranging a plurality of means, sequentially increasing the projecting amounts of the plurality of cutting means from the front side to the rear side in the feed direction, and feeding the plurality of cutting means integrally. 2. A cutting tool which is fed relatively to a rotating workpiece and cuts a surface of the workpiece, wherein the cutting tool is arranged along a feeding direction with respect to the workpiece, and each projecting amount is set in the feeding direction. A cutting tool comprising: a plurality of cutting means set so as to increase in order from a front side to a rear side in a direction; and one holding unit to which the plurality of cutting units are attached. 3. A turning device for rotating a held workpiece and feeding the cutting tool to cut the surface of the workpiece, the cutting tool according to claim 2, and a cutting tool to which the cutting tool can be attached. A turning apparatus comprising: a table; a feed mechanism that feeds the tool post; a chuck mechanism that holds the workpiece; and a rotation drive mechanism that rotates the chuck mechanism. 4. A turning apparatus comprising: a chuck mechanism for holding a workpiece; a rotation drive mechanism for rotating the chuck mechanism; a tool rest on which a cutting tool is attached; and a feed mechanism for feeding the tool rest. A plurality of cutting tools can be attached to the tool rest in a row along the feed direction of the tool rest, and the respective projecting amounts of the plurality of cutting tools are sequentially set from the front side to the rear side in the feed direction. A turning device characterized in that it can be set to increase.