JP2000093537A - Fire extinguishing method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a fire extinguishing method and a fire extinguishing method capable of performing efficient fire extinguishing and reducing water damage. SOLUTION: When extinguishing a fire occurring in fire extinguishing target spaces 12, 13, the types of combustible materials (for example, wood, kerosene, etc.) placed in the spaces 12, 13 are grasped, and the flammability is determined. Spray water microparticles with a particle size according to the type of object. More specifically, for example, by using a gas spray nozzle 20 which is a so-called two-fluid nozzle, the flammability is increased by changing the supply ratio (gas-liquid ratio) between gas (air or inert gas) and water. In addition to adjusting the particle size according to the type of the object, the amount of water is changed while keeping the gas-liquid ratio constant according to the combustion state of the combustible.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for extinguishing a fire when a fire occurs inside a space to be extinguished, and relates to the interior space of buildings and various structures such as warehouses, parking lots, living rooms, and ships. It can be used to extinguish fire, suppress combustion, and even extinguish smoke when a fire occurs in the internal space of aircraft, vehicles, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, sprinkler-based equipment has been widely used as a fire extinguisher in a building.

In a Northern European ship or the like, a fire extinguishing device that uses a water fine particle (so-called water mist) sprayed by a gas spray nozzle with the pressure of air is used as a fire extinguishing device when a fire occurs in the ship. I have.

Further, in a kitchen or the like, equipment for discharging a chemical fire extinguishing agent may be used in order to cope with an oil fire.

[0005]

However, in the above-described equipment using a sprinkler, since the amount of discharged water is large, and uniform discharge of water is often performed in response to any fire, the building itself or the inside of the building is often used. Water damage may occur more than necessary for various installed objects and imported items.

[0006] In the fire extinguishing by water fine particles in a ship, it is difficult to secure the amount of water necessary for the fire extinguishing by the sprinkler in the ship, or if the sprinkler is used inside the ship, the ship suffers from water damage and cannot be used. Although it can be eliminated, no change in the type of cargo has been taken, and fire extinguishing to minimize water damage has not necessarily been performed.

Furthermore, not only for use in kitchens and the like, but also for extinguishing a chemical by extinguishing a chemical fire extinguisher, if the part to be released is metal, it must be carefully cleaned to prevent rust and corrosion. In addition, there is a problem that post-treatment after release is extremely troublesome, and the use of a chemical fire extinguishing agent is not environmentally preferable and is not preferable for the human body.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing method and a fire extinguishing method that can extinguish fire efficiently and reduce water loss.

[0009]

According to the fire extinguishing method of the present invention, when extinguishing a fire that occurs in a space to be extinguished, the type of combustible material placed in this space is grasped, and the fire is extinguished. The present invention is characterized in that water fine particles having a particle diameter according to the type of combustible material are sprayed.

Here, the types of combustible materials are wood, kerosene,
Metals, plastics, paper, glass, chemical substances, vegetables, fruits, etc., which are usually inflammable but temporarily become fire targets or have heat If so, in the present invention, it shall be widely treated as a combustible material. In addition, combustibles placed in the fire extinguishing target space include those that are frequently or regularly changed in type, such as imported or stored goods placed in warehouses and storages, and are permanently installed inside buildings. The types include those that are fixed for a certain period of time or semi-permanently, such as fixed equipment or fixed types, or specific types of items placed in warehouses or test sites that exclusively handle only specific types of items.

Further, water fine particles (so-called water mist) are water particles having a finer particle size than water discharged by a normal sprinkler, for example, a Sauter average particle size of 1000 μm or less, preferably 40 to 400 μm.
Of water particles. And as the particle size of the water fine particles,
Among various representative particle sizes showing the spray characteristics, an average particle size can be used, and particularly, a so-called Sauter average particle size is preferably used. Here, the Sauter average particle diameter (or volume / surface area average particle diameter) is a value obtained by dividing the total volume of the spray particle group by the total surface area. Note that other representative particle sizes such as a mass median particle size, a maximum particle size, and a mode particle size may be used, or a plurality of representative particle sizes may be considered together.

In the fire extinguishing method of the present invention,
When spraying water fine particles into the space to be extinguished to extinguish a fire that has occurred in this space, the types of combustibles are grasped in advance, and water particles with a particle size corresponding to the grasped types of combustibles are determined. Spray. For this reason, there is an optimum value for the particle size of water particles depending on the type of combustible material (National Fire Protection Association).
Issued “Water Mist Fire Protection System Installation Standard (NF
PA 750 Standard for the installation of Water Mist
Fire Protection Systems), 1996, "P. 30), it is possible to perform the fire extinguishing work at this optimum value.

It is to be noted that the type of combustible material is to be grasped in advance, but this is only required to be grasped at least at the start of spraying. , Automatic grasping means using a sensor or the like immediately before spraying (for example, the size, shape, weight,
Means for automatically detecting the type by detecting the color, transparency, surface roughness, hardness, etc.), or processing such as selection, setting, switching, etc. by the human being immediately before spraying. And the operation may be performed on the spraying device.

As a result, since the water used for fire extinguishing is efficiently used for fire extinguishing work, it is easy to secure a necessary amount of water, and the water source equipment such as a water storage tank can be downsized. In addition, this makes it possible to extinguish fires suitable for fires on ships and the like that cannot secure a large water source.

In addition, since the use of waste water in excess of the required amount is avoided, damage due to water damage can be extremely reduced. Further, since water particles having an optimum particle diameter for fire extinguishing are sprayed, Fire-extinguishing objectives can be achieved earlier than when spraying with a uniform particle size regardless of the type of combustible material, regardless of the type of combustible material. Will be encouraged.

Furthermore, the present invention has the greatest advantage in spraying water fine particles with a particle size corresponding to the kind of combustible material. However, only the point that fire is extinguished by spraying water fine particles is provided. Even if attention is paid, it is possible to extinguish a fire with a small amount of water as compared with the case of using a sprinkler.
For this reason, damage due to water damage in the fire extinguishing target space can be reduced.

Since the fire is extinguished by spraying fine water particles, the following effects unique to water mist can be obtained. Cooling effect (removal of combustion heat): Mist-like water is fine particles and has a large total surface area, so that it easily absorbs heat. Therefore, the evaporation rate is high, and heat is removed from the fire in the evaporation process. In addition, in order to stop the combustion, 30 to 60
% Of heat of combustion may be removed. Oxygen elimination effect (reduction of oxygen concentration): Water vapor expanded by evaporation pushes air around the fire, lowers oxygen concentration and stops combustion. Radiant heat blocking effect (reduction of radiant heat):
Absorbs radiant heat radiated from the source of fire and prevents fire from spreading to surroundings and flashover. And since they are small particles, they effectively absorb radiant heat. Smoke-blocking and smoke-extinguishing effects: A smoke-extinguishing effect is obtained with the fire-extinguishing effect. In addition, a smoke-blocking effect is obtained that prevents the diffusion of smoke around the spraying point and the invasion of smoke from the surroundings.

Further, since the fire is extinguished by spraying fine water particles, there is no problem of trouble in post-treatment and concern about adverse effects on the environment and the human body as in the case of extinguishing a fire by releasing a chemical fire extinguishing agent. Thus, the above object is achieved.

Further, as one of more specific embodiments of the fire extinguishing method of the present invention, in the above-described fire extinguishing method, the spraying of the water fine particles is performed by discharging the gas into the space to be extinguished by the gas pressure and the water pressure. It is performed by a gas spray nozzle to be sprayed, and the adjustment of the particle diameter of the water fine particles is performed by changing the ratio of the supply amount of gas and water supplied to the gas spray nozzle.

Here, the gas is air or an inert gas.
Inert gases include, for example, carbon dioxide, nitrogen
Raw, CHF_Three(Fluoroform), CF_ThreeCFHCF_Three,
C_FourF _TenEtc. can be used.

The gas atomizing nozzle is a so-called two-fluid type nozzle which targets two fluids of gas and water. For example, the gas atomizing nozzle is disposed outside the water nozzle and a water nozzle for jetting water. There is, for example, a device having a gas nozzle portion and having a configuration in which water jetted from the water nozzle portion into the gas nozzle portion is blown out from the gas nozzle portion by gas pressure to spray water fine particles.

In such a fire extinguishing method of the present invention,
Since water particles are sprayed using a gas spray nozzle which is a so-called two-fluid nozzle, the ratio of the supply amount of gas and water to the gas spray nozzle (hereinafter referred to as gas-liquid ratio) is changed. Thereby, the particle diameter of the water fine particles can be freely adjusted.

That is, the gas atomizing nozzle has a characteristic that the particle diameter is large when the gas-liquid ratio is small, and conversely, the particle diameter is small when the gas-liquid ratio is large, and that the correspondence is one-to-one. Accordingly, if the gas-liquid ratio is set to a certain value, a desired particle diameter can be obtained. For this reason, if the gas-liquid ratio is adjusted according to the type of combustible material, it becomes possible to spray fine water particles having a particle diameter of an optimal value for extinguishing the fire of the combustible material.

Also, from the above characteristics of the gas atomizing nozzle, if the gas-liquid ratio is kept constant, the particle diameter is kept constant, so that the particle diameter is a constant value which is an optimum value corresponding to the type of combustible material. The supply amount of water can be changed while maintaining the pressure. That is, when increasing the water supply amount of water, the water supply amount of the gas may be increased accordingly to keep the gas-liquid ratio constant.

For this reason, when a fire of a certain kind of combustible material occurs, it is possible to supply a water amount according to the combustion state of the combustible material (the scale of the fire and the intensity of combustion). For example, in the case of an initial fire, a small amount of water can be supplied, and the amount of supplied water can be increased as the fire progresses. In dealing with any of these combustion situations, the gas-liquid ratio is always constant, and therefore, the particle diameter is also always constant, which is a value suitable for the type of combustible material to be extinguished. The greatest advantage of fire extinguishing using a so-called two-fluid gas spray nozzle is that, in addition to responding to the types of combustibles, it is possible to respond to the combustion conditions of combustibles simultaneously and easily. It is.

Further, in addition to the effect of efficient use of water obtained by spraying water fine particles having a particle size corresponding to the type of combustible material and the effect of reducing damage due to water damage, the amount of water according to the combustion state of combustible material is reduced. Can extinguish the fire,
In this aspect, similarly, the effects of efficient use of water and reduction of damage due to water damage are obtained, and each effect is further promoted.

Since fire extinguishing is performed using a two-fluid gas spray nozzle, one (one type) nozzle can respond to the type of combustible material and the combustion state of the combustible material. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of pipes and nozzles that should be prepared as fire extinguishing equipment, as compared with the case where a single fluid type water spray nozzle is used to achieve the same countermeasure. This reduces labor and eliminates the need to perform laborious operations such as replacing the nozzle located on the ceiling as needed in accordance with the type of combustible material.

Furthermore, when an inert gas is used as a gas instead of air, the oxygen concentration in the space is reduced by sending the inert gas into the space to be extinguished, thereby further promoting the fire extinguishing work. Can be

Further, as another example of the fire extinguishing method of the present invention, in the above-described fire extinguishing method, spraying of water fine particles is performed by a water spray nozzle for spraying water fine particles into a fire extinguishing target space by water pressure. Adjustment of the particle diameter of the water fine particles is performed by changing the water pressure supplied to the water spray nozzle.

Here, as the water spray nozzle, for example,
It has a helical flow path inside and a full-surface conical nozzle (so-called full cone nozzle) that sprays mist of the same density and the same particle diameter in a conical shape, or has a helical flow path inside and an outer shell A hollow round spray nozzle (so-called hollow cone nozzle) that sprays a conical mist with a large particle diameter, low density, and a small particle diameter inside and high density can be used. In the present invention, it is a so-called one-fluid nozzle for water).

In such a fire extinguishing method of the present invention,
By changing the water pressure supplied to the water spray nozzle, the particle size of the water fine particles is adjusted to an optimum value according to the type of combustible material. That is, the water spray nozzle has a characteristic that the particle diameter decreases when the supply water pressure is increased, and conversely, the particle diameter increases when the supply water pressure is reduced. If it is set to a value, a desired particle size can be obtained. Therefore, if the supply water pressure is adjusted according to the type of combustible material, it becomes possible to spray fine water particles having a particle diameter of an optimal value for extinguishing the fire of the combustible material.

Further, from the characteristics of the one-fluid type water spray nozzle, unlike the two-fluid type gas spray nozzle described above, the water supply amount is changed in accordance with the combustion state of the combustible material. When the water pressure is adjusted, the particle size of the water fine particles also changes, so that it becomes impossible to maintain an optimum particle size according to the type of combustible material. That is, the adjustment of the supply water pressure can be performed only for the type of the combustible material, and cannot be performed for the combustion state of the combustible material. Therefore, when it is necessary to simultaneously respond not only to the type of combustible material but also to the combustion state of combustible material, a plurality of water spray nozzles are provided in the same fire extinguishing target space, and It is preferable to adjust the number of the plurality of water spray nozzles to be operated according to the combustion situation. In this case, it is simplest and preferable in terms of control and management that all the plurality of water spray nozzles are of the same type, but they may be of different types.

Further, in the case of extinguishing a fire using a one-fluid water spray nozzle as described above, an inert gas may be fed together, so that the fire extinguishing work is promoted by a decrease in oxygen concentration. Is achieved.

Further, as still another example of the fire extinguishing method according to the present invention, in the above-described fire extinguishing method, a plurality of different types of water spray nozzles for spraying water fine particles into a fire extinguishing space by water pressure are provided. By grasping the combustion state of the combustibles placed in the fire extinguishing target space, changing the water pressure according to the combustion state of the combustibles, and selecting one of a plurality of water spray nozzles to be operated,
There is a method of spraying fine water particles having a water pressure according to the combustion state of the combustible material and a particle diameter according to the type of the combustible material.

Here, a plurality of different types of water spray nozzles refer to a plurality of nozzles having the capability of spraying water particles having different particle sizes when the same water pressure is applied. From a different point of view, this can be regarded as a plurality of nozzles having a capability of spraying water particles having the same particle diameter when different water pressures are applied. For example, when there is a nozzle A that sprays water particles having a large particle diameter and a nozzle B that sprays water particles having a small particle diameter with respect to the same water pressure, the characteristics of the nozzle A can be obtained from the characteristics of the one-fluid water spray nozzle described above. If the water pressure is increased, the particle diameter of the nozzle A becomes smaller. Therefore, if the water pressure of the nozzle A is increased to make the particle diameters of the nozzle A and the nozzle B coincide with each other, water particles having the same particle diameter are sprayed at different water pressures. A plurality of possible nozzles A, B are obtained.

In the fire extinguishing method of the present invention,
Since the combustion status of combustibles is grasped and the water pressure is changed according to the combustion status of the combustibles, it is possible to extinguish the fire with the amount of water in accordance with the progress of the fire, and multiple water spray nozzles of different types are used. Since it is prepared, it is possible to select a nozzle that sprays water fine particles having a particle diameter according to the type of combustible material each time with respect to the water pressure optimally set at each stage of the fire. In other words, in contrast to the characteristics of the one-fluid type water spray nozzle, which changes the particle size when the water pressure is changed, by changing the selection of the nozzle to be activated at each stage of the fire, The particle diameter can also be kept constant (optimal value according to the type of combustible), and fire extinguishing can be performed in accordance with both the type of combustible and the combustion state of the combustible.

As a device for realizing the above-described fire extinguishing method of the present invention, the following fire extinguishing device of the present invention can be employed.

That is, the fire extinguisher according to the present invention is provided with a gas atomizing nozzle which is provided facing the inside of a space to be extinguished and which sprays water particles into the space according to the pressure and water pressure of the gas. Gas supply means for supplying gas to the nozzle, water supply means for supplying water to the gas spray nozzle, and gas supply amount and water supply by the gas supply means according to the type of combustible material placed in the fire extinguishing target space Gas-liquid ratio adjusting means for adjusting the ratio of the amount of water supplied by the means.

Here, as the gas-liquid ratio adjusting means, for example, a compressor is provided in the gas supplying means and a pump is provided in the water supplying means so that the gas supply amount and the water supply amount can be individually adjusted. A configuration having a different configuration can be adopted.

In such a fire extinguisher according to the present invention,
When supplying gas and water to the gas atomizing nozzle, which is a so-called two-fluid nozzle, by the gas supply means and the water supply means, the gas-water ratio adjustment means adjusts the ratio of the gas and water supply amounts. Therefore, in addition to responding to the types of combustibles, it is possible to simultaneously and easily respond to the combustion state of combustibles, and each of the operational effects described in the fire extinguishing method of the present invention described above is realized. Is done.

It should be noted that the gas-liquid ratio adjusting means may be manually operated by a person by grasping the kind of combustible material each time.
In addition, the occurrence of the fire and the degree thereof may be determined by a human. However, it is desirable that such grasping, operation, or judgment be automatically performed as in the fire extinguisher according to the present invention described below.

That is, in the fire extinguishing apparatus, storage means for storing in advance the type of combustible material placed in the fire extinguishing space, sensing means for sensing the occurrence of a fire in the fire extinguishing space, and a signal from the sensing means. It is preferable that the apparatus further comprises a control means for adjusting the gas-liquid ratio adjusting means based on the information stored in the storage means and automatically operating the gas spray nozzle.

Here, the sensing means may be only for sensing the occurrence of a fire, but is desirably capable of sensing the degree of the fire, that is, the combustion state. As the sensing means, various sensors such as a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a heat sensor, a flame sensor for sensing radiation of flame such as infrared rays and ultraviolet rays, a gas sensor, an odor sensor, a sound sensor for sensing combustion sound, or a fire occurrence It is possible to use an image recognition sensing device or the like that recognizes a normal situation that has not been performed and detects the difference between this and the image at the time of a fire. In this case, a plurality of sensors of the same type are used. Or a plurality of types of sensors and the like may be used together.

In such a configuration, the control means automatically adjusts the gas-liquid ratio adjusting means based on the information stored in the storage means and the information from the sensing means in advance, and the flammable material The spraying of water particles with the optimal particle size according to the type of the water is automatically performed, so that the response in an emergency is more reliable, and the fire extinguishing in an unmanned warehouse etc. can be properly handled. Become. In addition, due to such automation, for example, when many storage rooms are provided in one warehouse, and different types of combustible materials are stored in each storage room, it is generated in each of these storage rooms. Centralized management for the fire that occurs is possible.

The fire extinguisher according to the present invention is provided with a water spray nozzle provided facing the inside of a space to be extinguished and spraying water fine particles into the space by water pressure, and a water supply for supplying water to the water spray nozzle. Means, and a water pressure adjusting means for adjusting the supply water pressure by the water supply means according to the type of combustible material placed in the fire extinguishing target space.

Here, as the water pressure adjusting means, for example,
A variable motor for rotating the pump, a plurality of pumps arranged in series in a piping path of the water supply means as if forming a multi-stage pump, and an adjustment of the number of pumps to be operated; A plurality of pumps with different performances are arranged in the piping route and an appropriate pump is selected and operated from among them.A plurality of pressure tanks sealed with different water pressures are provided in the water supply means and these valves are opened and closed. One that is used by being switched by an operation is exemplified. When the pressure tank is used not as a preload but as a water source itself, it is preferable to prepare one having a sufficient capacity.

In such a fire extinguisher according to the present invention,
By operating the water pressure adjusting means on the water spray nozzle, which is a so-called one-fluid nozzle, to adjust the supply water pressure by the water supply means, it is possible to spray water particles having an optimum particle diameter according to the type of combustible material. It becomes possible, and each operation and effect described in the fire extinguishing method of the present invention described above is realized.

It should be noted that the water pressure adjusting means may be manually operated by a person by grasping the kind of combustible material each time, or the occurrence of a fire and the degree of the fire may be determined by the person. However, it is desirable that such grasping, operation, or determination be performed automatically, as in the case of the two-fluid gas spray nozzle described above.

That is, in the fire extinguisher, storage means for preliminarily storing the types of combustible materials placed in the fire extinguishing space, sensing means for sensing the occurrence of a fire in the fire extinguishing space, and signals from the sensing means It is preferable that the control means be provided with a control means for automatically operating the water spray nozzle by operating the water pressure adjusting means based on the information stored in the storage means. The effect of such automation is the same as in the case of the two-fluid gas spray nozzle described above.

In addition, not only for the types of combustible materials,
When it is necessary to simultaneously respond to the combustion state of combustibles, a plurality of water spray nozzles are provided in the same fire extinguishing target space, and the multiple water spray nozzles are It is preferable to adjust the number of nozzles to be operated, but in this case, the combustion state is automatically grasped by the sensing means, and the control means automatically adjusts the number of nozzles to be operated based on the information. It is desirable to perform it.

Further, instead of sensing the occurrence of a fire by the sensing means, a fuse may be provided for automatically operating the water spray nozzle by melting the water spray nozzle with the heat of the fire. Storage means for previously storing the type of combustible material placed in the target space; flowing water detection means for sensing the start of operation of the water spray nozzle; and information stored in the storage means upon receiving a signal from the operation sensing means It is preferable to provide a control means for operating the water pressure adjusting means based on the above.

Further, the fire extinguisher according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of different types of water spray nozzles which are provided facing the interior of a fire extinguishing target space and spray water fine particles into this space by water pressure. A water supply means for supplying water, a water pressure adjustment means for adjusting a supply water pressure by the water supply means according to a combustion state of the combustible material placed in the fire extinguishing target space, and a water pressure adjusting means for the combustion state of the combustible substance. And selecting means for selecting one of the plurality of water spray nozzles to be operated in accordance with the type of combustible material.

Here, as the selection means, a plurality of remotely controllable on-off valves, for example, solenoid valves, which are arranged so as to be able to open / close a water supply path to each of the plurality of water spray nozzles, are used. Can be.

In such a fire extinguisher according to the present invention,
By adjusting the supply water pressure by the water pressure adjusting means, the fire is extinguished with a water amount according to the combustion state of the combustible material, and the type of the combustible material is selected by selecting the nozzle to be operated by the selecting means from a plurality of types of nozzles. Spraying of water particles having a particle size according to the above is performed, and even if the water pressure changes, it is possible to always maintain a constant particle size for different water pressures by changing the nozzle selected each time. The respective functions and effects described in the fire extinguishing method according to the present invention are realized.

It should be noted that the water pressure adjusting means and the selecting means may be manually operated by a human being by grasping the combustion state of the combustible material and the type of the combustible material each time, but may be automated as follows. desirable.

That is, in the fire extinguishing apparatus, storage means for preliminarily storing the types of combustibles placed in the fire extinguishing target space, sensing means for detecting the occurrence of a fire in the fire extinguishing target space and the combustion state of the combustibles, Control means for receiving the signal from the sensing means, operating the water pressure adjusting means, and operating the selecting means based on the information stored in the storage means to automatically operate the water spray nozzle. Is desirable. The effect of such automation is the same as in the case of the two-fluid gas spray nozzle described above.

In the present invention described above, fire extinguishing not only means complete fire extinguishing but also means suppressing combustion. The term "fire extinguishing method" or "fire extinguisher" also means a method or apparatus for extinguishing smoke or suppressing the force of smoke, since a spraying effect of water fine particles can be obtained at the same time.

The fire extinguishing target space may be an internal space of a building such as a warehouse, a factory, a parking lot, a living room or a passage, or may be an internal space of a ship, an aircraft, a vehicle, or the like.
Further, it may be a space provided in various structures such as a tunnel and an underground shopping mall.

Further, in the description of the particle size range of the water fine particles, an optimum value is described. However, this is not necessarily limited to the only theoretically optimum value, but is limited to a certain range. It also includes the meaning of a relatively appropriate range of values ascertained, or a value considered more appropriate within a range practicable in practicing the method or apparatus of the present invention. That is, if the only theoretically optimal value is found, it is of course preferable to spray at such a value, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the type of combustible material has been found through experiments and the like. It is sufficient to spray in an appropriate particle size range or a range in the vicinity thereof, and it is ideal to use a nozzle capable of spraying only water fine particles having the same particle size. Is mixed with those having various particle diameters. Therefore, it is sufficient that the group of these water fine particles falls within a particle size range suitable for combustibles obtained through the above-described experiments and the like or a range in the vicinity thereof. .

[0060]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of a fire extinguisher 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a warehouse 11 in which the fire extinguisher 10 is installed. Warehouse 11
Has a plurality of storage rooms 12 and 13 which are fire extinguishing target spaces, and the storage items stored in these storage rooms 12 and 13 are changed at any time. Here, for convenience of explanation, wood 14 is stored in storage room 12 and storage room 1 is stored.
It is assumed that kerosene 15 stored in the drum tube is stored in 3.

In FIG. 1, a fire extinguisher 10 is provided on the ceiling of each of the storage chambers 12 and 13 and discharges gas into the space of each of the storage chambers 12 and 13 and sprays water fine particles by the gas pressure and water pressure. Atomizing nozzle 20, gas supply means 30 for supplying an inert gas such as carbon dioxide to each gas atomizing nozzle 20, water supplying means 40 for supplying water to each gas atomizing nozzle 20, and each storage chamber 12, 13 Detecting means 50 for detecting the occurrence of a fire and its extent in the fire extinguisher 1
And a control device 60 for centrally managing the entirety of the data.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the arrangement of the gas spray nozzle 20 and the sensing means 50 provided on the ceiling of each of the storage rooms 12 and 13. The reason why the arrangement in FIG. 1 does not correspond to the drawing is that a part of the illustration is omitted in FIG. 1 for simplification. In FIG. 2, the gas spray nozzles 20 are indicated by circles in the figure, and are arranged two-dimensionally in rows and columns at substantially equal intervals over the entire surface of the ceiling, while the sensing means 50 is indicated by squares in the figure. And storage rooms 12 and 13
Is divided into several sections (here, 6 sections) and arranged so as to be mainly responsible for sensing the occurrence of a fire in that section. The area shared by one sensing means 50 is indicated by a dashed line in the figure, and a plurality of areas (here, 16
) Gas spray nozzles 20.

FIG. 2 shows only an example of the arrangement, and the number and arrangement of the gas spray nozzles 20 and the sensing means 50 are appropriately determined according to the size and shape of the storage chambers 12 and 13. The gas spray nozzle 20 and the sensing means 50 may be provided not only on the ceiling but also on a wall surface or a floor surface.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the gas spray nozzle 20. In FIG. 3, the gas spray nozzle 20
Is a so-called two-fluid nozzle that targets two fluids of gas (inert gas in the present embodiment) and water,
Water nozzle 21 for jetting water and water nozzle 21
Has a gas nozzle portion 22 arranged outside the.

The gas spray nozzle 20 takes in the water under the water pressure sent by the water supply means 40 from the water inlet 23 on the right side in the figure, and ejects the water from the water nozzle 21 to the space 24 in the gas nozzle 22. At the same time, the inert gas sent by the gas supply means 30 is taken in from the upper gas inlet 25 in the figure, and the pressure of the inert gas causes
The water jetted from the water nozzle 21 into the space 24 is jetted from the jet hole 26 at the tip of the gas nozzle 22 on the left side in the drawing to spray water particles.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a gas-liquid ratio-particle size graph showing the characteristics of the gas spray nozzle 20. The horizontal axis of the graph is the gas-liquid ratio X (N liter / liter) which is a value obtained by dividing the gas supply amount (N liter) by the water supply amount (liter), and the vertical axis is the Sauter average particle diameter D. (Μm).

According to this graph, the gas spray nozzle 20
Has a characteristic that when the gas-liquid ratio X is small, the Sauter average particle size D is large, and conversely, when the gas-liquid ratio X is large, the Sauter average particle size D is small, and there is a range from the upper limit to the lower limit. -Liquid ratio X and Sauter mean particle size D
It can be seen that the correspondence with is one-to-one. Therefore, if the gas-liquid ratio X is set to a certain value, fine water particles having a desired Sauter average particle diameter D can be sprayed. For example, if the gas-liquid ratio is about X1 (N liter / liter), the Sauter average particle size is about D1 (μm), and spraying suitable for extinguishing ordinary fires such as wood can be performed. If the ratio is about X2 (N liter / liter), the Sauter average particle size will be about D2 (μm), and spraying suitable for extinguishing a liquid fire such as kerosene can be performed. However, since such graph characteristics vary depending on the type of nozzle, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of the nozzle to be used by performing an experiment in advance. The fact that it is appropriate to increase the particle size for ordinary fires such as wood and to reduce the particle size for liquid fires such as kerosene is based on the aforementioned U.S. document (NFPA750). It is clear from the description and the like.

In FIG. 1, a gas supply means 30 includes a gas cylinder 31 for storing an inert gas such as carbon dioxide,
A compressor 32 which pressurizes and sends the inert gas in the gas cylinder 31 to each of the gas spray nozzles 20;
A pipe 33 connecting each of the gas spray nozzles 2 and 13 with
An on-off valve 3 such as a solenoid valve provided in the middle of the pipe 33 for each gas spray nozzle 20 in each of the storage chambers 12 and 13.
4 is provided.

The water supply means 40 comprises a water storage tank 41 for storing water, a pump 42 for supplying water in the water storage tank 41 to the gas spray nozzle 20 by pressurizing the same, and these and the storage chambers 12 and 1.
3 is provided with a pipe 43 connecting each gas spray nozzle 20, and an on-off valve 44 such as a solenoid valve provided in the middle of the pipe 43 for each gas spray nozzle 20 of each of the storage chambers 12 and 13. It is configured. Further, the water storage tank 41 is appropriately supplied with water from a water pipe 45.

Further, a pressure tank (not shown) is connected in the middle of the pipes 33 and 43, and the compressor 32 and the pump 4 are connected.
The pre-pressure may be applied until the pressurization by the gas spray nozzle 2 is started or until the gas pressure or water pressure applied to each gas spray nozzle 20 reaches a predetermined value. Immediately after, stable spraying of fine water particles can be performed.

The compressor 32 provided in the gas supply means 30 and the pump 42 provided in the water supply means 40
The rotation speed can be adjusted by operating a variable motor that drives them, whereby the supply amounts of gas and water are individually adjusted. Therefore, the ratio between the amount of gas supplied by the gas supply means 30 and the amount of water supplied by the water supply means 40 is adjusted by the compressor 32 and the pump 42, and a signal cable or the like connecting these to the control device 60. The gas-liquid ratio adjusting means 70 is configured.

As the sensing means 50, various sensors capable of sensing smoke, heat, flame, gas, sound, and the like can be used, but these may be used alone or a plurality of sensors of the same type may be used. A pair may be used, or another type of sensor may be used in combination to form one set. Then, such a single sensor or a group of sensors is in charge of detecting the occurrence of a fire that occurs in each region indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 2 and grasping the degree thereof.

The control device 60 includes a storage means 61 such as a ROM or a RAM for preliminarily storing the types of combustible materials placed in the storage rooms 12 and 13, and a keyboard and a light pen for an input operation by an administrator. An input unit 62, an output unit 63 such as a CRT display or a printer, an input unit 64 for inputting a signal from each sensing unit 50 in each of the storage rooms 12, 13, a storage unit 61, the input unit 62 and the input unit 64 That performs various processes and judgments according to the control program based on information from
U (Central Processing Unit), and an output unit 66 that outputs the results of the processing and determination by the control unit 65 to the compressor 32, the pump 42, and the on-off valves 34, 44.
It is comprised including.

The type of combustible material, which is changed as needed, is input and stored in the storage means 61 by the administrator through the input means 62 each time. Such information management is performed in each storage room 12. , 13 is performed. Further, the storage unit 61 stores information of the gas-liquid ratio X with respect to the type of combustible material obtained from a preliminary experiment result as information for spraying water fine particles having an optimum particle size according to the type of combustible material. Is stored. For example, for wood 14, the gas-liquid ratio X
1, the gas-liquid ratio X2 for kerosene 15 (FIG. 4)
reference). These pieces of information can be referred to by the output unit 63 as needed or as needed.

The control means 65 receives signals from each of the sensing means 50 regarding the occurrence of fire and the burning state of combustibles, so that it can grasp the place of fire occurrence (which compartment in which storage room) and its degree. I have. The control means 65
Is based on the results of the processing and judgment,
4 and operate them to operate only the gas spray nozzle 20 corresponding to the place where the fire occurred,
A signal is sent to the compressor 32 and the pump 42 to control the activation of these drive motors and the number of revolutions so that the supply amounts of the inert gas and the water are determined by the gas-liquid ratio X corresponding to the type of combustibles.
In addition, it is possible to adjust the supply water amount according to the combustion state of the combustibles.

In the first embodiment, fire extinguishing is automatically performed by the fire extinguisher 10 as follows.

First, as a preliminary preparation for automatic fire extinguishing, the administrator inputs in advance the type of combustible material currently placed in each of the storage rooms 12 and 13 to the control device 60 by the input means 62. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, information that wood 14 is placed in the storage room 12 is input, and kerosene 15 is input in the storage room 13. These information are stored in the control device 60.
Since it is possible to rewrite at any time, it is preferable that the rewriting operation by the input means 62 be performed as soon as the combustible materials in the storage rooms 12 and 13 are replaced.

Next, the procedure of automatic fire extinguishing when a fire actually occurs will be described. When a fire occurs in any of the storage rooms 12 and 13, the sensing means 50 of the storage room in which the fire has occurred detects the occurrence of the fire. The fire detection signal from the detection means 50 is sent to the control device 60 and transmitted to the control means 65 via the input unit 64.

Subsequently, the control means 65 receives the signal from the sensing means 50 and determines in which of the storage rooms 12 and 13 a fire has occurred, the extent of the fire, and in which section the fire has occurred. Figure out.

If the signal is from the sensing means 50 of the storage room 12, the control means 65 determines that the combustible material placed in the storage room 12 is the wood 14 based on the information of the storage means 61. Further, the gas-liquid ratio X1 corresponding to the wood 14 is read. On the other hand, if the signal is from the sensing means 50 of the storage room 13, the combustible is determined to be kerosene 15, and the gas-liquid ratio corresponding to the kerosene 15 is further determined. Read X2.

Thereafter, the control means 65 opens only the opening / closing valves 34 and 44 of the storage room where the fire has occurred via the output section 66 based on the grasped situation. At this time, instead of opening and closing the on-off valves 34 and 44 corresponding to all the gas spray nozzles 20 in the storage room where the fire has occurred, the area in charge of the sensing means 50 that has sensed the occurrence of the fire (in the dashed line in FIG. 2). 3) Only the on-off valves 34 and 44 corresponding to the gas spray nozzle 20 are opened. If a fire has occurred in the entire storage room, the open / close valves 34 and 44 corresponding to all the gas spray nozzles 20 in the storage room will be opened.

In parallel with the opening operation of the on-off valves 34 and 44, the control means 65 starts the gas-liquid ratio adjusting means 70 via the output section 66 based on the grasped condition, and Adjust X to the desired value. That is, by operating the compressor 32 and the pump 42 individually to adjust the ratio of the supply amounts of gas and water, if the wood 14 in the storage room 12 is fired, the gas-liquid ratio is set to X1, and the storage room is set to X1. In the case of thirteen kerosene 15 fires, the gas-liquid ratio is X2. At this time, in consideration of the combustion state of the combustibles, the rotational speeds of the drive motors of the compressor 32 and the pump 42 are both set low in the early stage of the fire occurrence. Thereby, the Sauter average particle diameter D1, D
The spraying of the water fine particles having the desired particle diameter of 2 is started, and the spraying is performed with a water amount suitable for the initial fire extinguishing with a low supply water pressure.

Further, in the course of continuing the automatic fire extinguishing operation, when the fire has advanced and the detecting means 50 detects that the fire has increased, the rotation of the drive motors of the compressor 32 and the pump 42 is started. The number is increased from the initial set value, and the supply water pressure is increased while maintaining the gas-liquid ratios X1 and X2 (therefore, while maintaining the Sauter average particle diameters D1 and D2), and the combustion state of combustibles is increased. Extinguish the fire with the appropriate amount of water.

In the process of continuing the automatic fire extinguishing work,
When the detection means 50 detects that the fire occurrence area has expanded, the on-off valves 34 and 44 corresponding to the gas spray nozzles 20 in the section in charge of the detection means 50 that has newly detected the fire occurrence also open, Enlarge the spray area.

After that, when the fire extinguishing progresses and the detecting means 50 detects that the fire has diminished, the rotational speeds of the drive motors of the compressor 32 and the pump 42 are both reduced, and the gas-liquid ratios X1, X2 While reducing the supply water pressure,
Fire extinguishing with a small amount of water may be performed, and when the sensing unit 50 senses that the fire area has been reduced,
In order to stop spraying in the region where the fire extinguishing has already been completed, the on-off valves 34 and 44 corresponding to the gas spray nozzles 20 in that region may be closed.

Then, when the fire extinguishing is finally completed,
The compressor 32 and the pump 42 are both stopped, and all the on-off valves 34 and 44 are closed. It should be noted that only the determination of fire extinguishing completion may be made by a human. Also, the compressor 32 and the pump 42 are started and stopped, the rotation speed is adjusted, and the on-off valves 3
The opening and closing operations of the units 4 and 44 are performed by automatic control in principle. However, even during the control, a manual operation may be appropriately prioritized and intervened.

According to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. That is, the type of combustible material placed in each of the storage chambers 12 and 13 is stored in advance in the storage means 61, and spraying of water microparticles is performed based on this information. Can be sprayed.

As a result, the water used for fire extinguishing can be efficiently used for fire extinguishing work, so that a necessary amount of water can be easily secured, and the water source equipment such as the water storage tank 41 can be downsized. Accordingly, fire extinguishing suitable for fires on ships and the like that cannot secure a large water source can be performed.

Further, the use of waste water in excess of the required amount can be avoided, so that damage due to water damage can be extremely reduced. Further, since fine water particles having an optimum particle diameter for fire extinguishing can be sprayed, combustible materials can be sprayed. The fire extinguishing effect can be achieved earlier than spraying with a uniform particle size regardless of the type of combustible material regardless of the type of fire. Is done.

Further, even if attention is paid only to spraying fine water particles to extinguish the fire, the fire can be extinguished with a small amount of water as compared with the case where a sprinkler is used. In addition to water mist, it is possible to obtain the cooling effect (removal of combustion heat), oxygen elimination effect (reduction of oxygen concentration), radiation heat blocking effect (reduction of radiant heat), smoke shielding and smoke suppression effects. it can.

Further, since the fire is extinguished by spraying fine water particles, it is possible to avoid the trouble of post-treatment, such as the case of extinguishing a fire by releasing a chemical fire extinguishing agent, and the problem of adverse effects on the environment and the human body.

Since the fine particles of water are sprayed using the gas spray nozzle 20 which is a so-called two-fluid type nozzle, the gas-liquid ratio X is obtained by utilizing the characteristics of the gas spray nozzle 20 shown in FIG. By changing the particle diameter, the particle diameter of the water fine particles can be freely adjusted.

For this reason, the control means 65 controls the gas-liquid ratio adjusting means 70 to adjust the gas-liquid ratio X based on the information on the types of combustibles in the storage chambers 12 and 13 stored in the storage means 61. By performing such control, the Sauter average particle diameter D can be set to an optimum value according to the type of combustible material to be extinguished.

Further, since the gas atomizing nozzle 20 is used, the Sauter average particle diameter D can be maintained at a constant value even if the gas-liquid ratio X is kept constant. The water supply amount can be changed while maintaining a constant value that is an optimal value according to the type of combustible material.

As a result, the amount of water can be supplied in accordance with the state of combustion of the combustibles. In this aspect, the effects of efficient use of water and reduction of damage due to water damage can be obtained. This effect is further promoted in combination with the same effect obtained by spraying water fine particles having a particle diameter according to the type of the object.

Since the fire extinguishing is performed using the two-fluid gas spray nozzle 20, it is possible to use one (one type) nozzle to cope with the type of combustible material and to cope with the combustion state of the combustible material. Therefore, the number of pipes and nozzles to be prepared as fire extinguishing equipment can be reduced compared to the case where a single fluid type water spray nozzle is used It is possible to reduce labor, and it is also possible to avoid troublesome work such as replacing the nozzle located on the ceiling at any time according to the type of combustible material.

Further, since an inert gas is used as a gas to be supplied to the gas spray nozzle 20, each of the storage chambers 12, 1
Since the oxygen concentration in the space can be reduced by feeding the inert gas into the space 3, the fire extinguishing operation can be further promoted.

Further, since the sensing means 50 and the control device 60 are provided and automation is achieved, it is possible to take more reliable measures in an emergency than in the case of manual operation.
Fire extinguishing in the unmanned warehouse 11 can also be properly handled.

By such automation, a plurality of storage rooms 12, 13 are provided in one warehouse 11, and different types of combustibles are stored in the respective storage rooms 12, 13, and these are changed as needed. In such a case, centralized management for fire can be suitably performed.

Each of the storage rooms 12 and 13 is provided with a plurality of sensing means 50, and the sensing means 5 which senses the occurrence of a fire is provided.
The spraying of the water fine particles is performed only from a part of the gas spray nozzles 20 centering on 0 (see FIG. 2).
As long as the fire does not spread to each of the storage rooms 12 and 13, spraying is not performed from all the gas spray nozzles 20, so that damage to the building and the equipment therein due to water damage is minimized. And the amount of water used can be reduced. In addition, you may make it spray from all the gas spray nozzles 20 provided in the storage room where the fire occurred.

Further, when the fire extinguishing is finally completed,
Since the compressor 32 and the pump 42 are stopped and all the on-off valves 34 and 44 are closed, it is possible to avoid spraying of water particles more than necessary, and in this respect, it is possible to reduce damage due to water damage. it can. The same applies to the case where a human judges the completion of fire extinguishing, manually stops the compressor 32 and the pump 42, or closes the on-off valves 34 and 44.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 5 shows a fire extinguisher 110 and a fire extinguisher 11 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
0 shows the entire configuration of the warehouse 111. The warehouse 111 is the same as the warehouse 11 of the first embodiment, and includes a plurality of storage rooms 112 and 113.

In FIG. 5, a fire extinguisher 110 is provided on the ceiling of each of the storage chambers 112 and 113 and sprays water fine particles into the space of each of the storage chambers 112 and 113 by water pressure. Water supply means 140 for supplying water to the nozzle 120, sensing means 150 for sensing the occurrence and degree of fire in each of the storage chambers 112 and 113, and a control device 160 for centrally managing the entire fire extinguisher 110 are provided. It is configured.

The water spray nozzle 120 is connected to each of the storage rooms 112,
A plurality (two in FIG. 5) are provided for each of the nozzles 113, and these are all the same type of nozzles. However, for convenience of explanation, the nozzles of the storage room 112 have 120A, 120B
, The nozzles of the storage chamber 113 have 120C, 120C
It is assumed that a symbol D is attached.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the water spray nozzle 120. The water spray nozzle 120 is a hollow round spray nozzle (a so-called hollow cone nozzle), sends water under water pressure to a water inlet 121 by a water supply means 140, and passes through a spiral flow path 122 provided therein. This is blown out from the ejection hole 123. At this time, the ejection holes 12 are inserted into the spaces of the storage rooms 112 and 113.
From 3, a conical mist having a large particle diameter in the outer shell and a low density and a small particle diameter in the inside and a high density is sprayed.

The water spray nozzle used in the second embodiment is not limited to such a hollow cone nozzle. For example, a water spray nozzle 130 using a full cone nozzle as shown in FIG. In short, any nozzle may be used as long as it can spray water fine particles by water pressure.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the water spray nozzle 130 in a state where the upper half in the figure is a cross section. The water spray nozzle 130 is a full-surface conical nozzle (so-called full-cone nozzle). The water supplied by the water supply means 140 is fed into the water inlet 131 and passed through a spiral flow path 132 provided therein. Is blown out from the ejection hole 133. At this time, the water blown out from the ejection holes 133 is sprayed conically as water particles (mist) having the same density and the same particle diameter in the spaces of the storage chambers 112 and 113.

In FIG. 5, a water supply means 140 is provided with a water storage tank 141 for storing water, and water in the water storage tank 141 is supplied to water spray nozzles 120A, 120B and 120C, 12C.
Pumps 142A, 1 which are separately pressurized to 0D and sent.
42B, these and each water spray nozzle 120A, 120B
Pipes 143 respectively connecting the first and the second 120C and the second 120D.
A and 143B, and an on-off valve 144 such as an electromagnetic valve provided in the middle of these pipes 143A and 143B for each of the water spray nozzles 120A to 120D. Further, the water storage tank 141 is appropriately supplied with water from a water pipe 145.

Further, pressure tanks 146A and 146B having water pressurized by compressed air sent to the upper part of the tanks at the lower part thereof are connected to the middle of the pipes 143A and 143B, and the connecting positions thereof and each pump 142
A, 142B between the on-off valve 147A, 1 such as a solenoid valve
47B are provided, and the pipes 143A, 143
The water in B is pre-pressed, and the pumps 142A, 142
Even without pressurizing by 2B, it is possible to spray water particles in a stable state at a predetermined pressure immediately after the start of fire extinguishing,
This is particularly effective when the storage rooms 112 and 113 are located at a higher position than the water storage tank 141.

The rotation speed of the pumps 142A and 142B provided in the water supply means 140 can be adjusted by operating a variable motor for driving the pumps. Thus, the pumps 142A and 142B are connected to the water spray nozzles 120A to 120D. The water supply pressure is adjusted. Therefore, these pumps 142
A, 142B and a signal cable connecting these to the control device 160 constitute a water pressure adjusting means 170 for adjusting the supply pressure of the water supply means 140.

As the sensing means 150, various sensors capable of sensing smoke, heat, flame, gas, sound and the like can be used.
This is the same as the case of the sensing means 50 of the first embodiment.

The control device 160 has substantially the same configuration as the control device 60 of the first embodiment. The control device 160 includes a storage unit 161, an input unit 162, an output unit 163, an input unit 164, a control unit 165, and an output unit 166. It is provided with.

However, the storage means 161 stores each storage room 11
The storage means 61 according to the first embodiment is similar to the storage means 61 in that the types of combustibles placed in the storage units 2 and 113 are stored in advance. While the information of X is stored, the second embodiment is different in that the information of the supply water pressure for the type of combustible is stored. For example, the water pressure is 5 kgf / cm ² for wood 114 and 7 kgf / cm ² for kerosene 115.
cm ² , and these values vary depending on the type of nozzle.

The output section 166 is different from the output section 66 of the first embodiment in that the processing and judgment results of the control means 165 are transmitted to the pumps 142A and 142B and the on-off valve 147.
A, 147B and each on-off valve 144.

Further, the control means 65 of the first embodiment is used.
Controls the rotation speeds of the driving motors of the compressor 32 and the pump 42 so that the supply amount of the inert gas and the water is set to the gas-liquid ratio X according to the type of the combustible material, and to the combustion state of the combustible material. The control means 165 according to the second embodiment is configured to adjust the supply water amount so as to adjust the supply water amount.
A, 142B, the number of rotations of the driving motor is controlled to adjust the supply water pressure according to the type of combustible material, and each open / close valve 144 is operated to operate the water spray nozzle 120.
By changing the number of flammable substances, the supply water amount is adjusted to the amount of water supplied according to the combustion state of the combustibles.

In the second embodiment, the fire extinguishing apparatus 110 performs automatic fire extinguishing as follows.

First, as a preliminary preparation for automatic fire extinguishing, the manager inputs in advance the type of combustible material currently placed in each of the storage rooms 112 and 113 to the control device 160 by the input means 162. For example, as shown in FIG.
Information that wood 114 is placed is input, and kerosene 115 is input to storage room 113. These pieces of information are stored in the storage unit 161 of the control device 160.

Next, the procedure of automatic fire extinguishing when a fire actually occurs will be described. When a fire occurs in any of the storage rooms 112 and 113, the detecting means 150 of the storage room in which the fire has occurred detects the occurrence of the fire. This sensing means 1
A fire occurrence detection signal by 50 is sent to control device 160 and transmitted to control means 165 via input section 164.

Subsequently, the control means 165 controls the sensing means 15
In response to the signal from 0, it is grasped in which of the storage rooms 112 and 113 a fire has occurred and the extent of the fire.

The control means 165 controls the storage room 112
If the signal is from the sensing means 150, the storage means 161
, The combustible material placed in the storage room 112 is determined to be wood 114, and the supply water pressure corresponding to the wood 114 is read. On the other hand, if the signal is from the sensing means 150 of the storage room 113, It is determined that the combustible is kerosene 115, and the supply water pressure corresponding to kerosene 115 is read. In addition, the supply water pressure is actually the pump 142A, 1
It is stored as the rotation speed of 42B, a voltage value for controlling the rotation speed, or the like.

Thereafter, the control means 165 opens only the opening / closing valve 144 corresponding to the water spray nozzle 120 of the storage room where the fire has occurred via the output unit 166 based on the grasped situation. At this time, if a fire occurs in the storage room 112 and the degree of the fire is in the initial stage, for example, the nozzle 1
Activate only 20A, and when fire starts to develop, nozzle 1
20B is also operated to increase the supply water amount. Therefore, the supply water amount is adjusted not by adjusting the supply water pressure but by changing the number of nozzles to be operated.

Further, the control means 165 activates only the pump for supplying water to the water spray nozzle 120 of the storage room where the fire has occurred via the output unit 166 based on the grasped situation. At this time, each pump 14
2A, control the number of rotations of 142B to adjust the supply water pressure,
Spraying water particles having an optimum particle size is performed. For example, when it is detected that a fire has occurred in the storage room 112, only the pump 142A is activated and the on-off valve 1 is turned on.
47A is opened, and since the combustible material is wood 114, the supply water pressure is lowered to spray fine water particles having a large particle diameter. on the other hand,
When it is detected that a fire has occurred in the storage room 113, only the pump 142B is activated and the on-off valve 14
7B is opened, and since the combustible substance is kerosene 115, the supply water pressure is increased to spray water fine particles having a small particle diameter.

Even before the pumps 142A and 142B are started, since the preload is applied by the pressure tanks 146A and 146B, the water particles can be sprayed in a stable state. In addition, each pressure tank 14
It is preferable that the pressures of 6A and 146B are set according to the types of combustibles placed in the storage chambers 112 and 113.

Thereafter, when the fire extinguishing progresses and the sensing means 150 senses that the fire has diminished, the number of water spray nozzles 120 to be operated may be reduced to extinguish the fire with a small amount of water. For example, in the case of a fire in the storage room 112, the on-off valve 144 corresponding to the nozzle 120B is closed,
The fire extinguishing may be performed only by the nozzle 120A as in the case of the fire extinguishing in the initial stage.

When the fire extinguishing is finally completed,
The pumps 142A and 142B are stopped, and all the on-off valves 144 are closed. It should be noted that only the determination of fire extinguishing completion may be made by a human. In addition, each pump 142A, 142
The start and stop of B, the rotation speed adjustment, and the opening / closing operation of each opening / closing valve 144 are performed in principle by automatic control. However, even during the control, manual operation may be appropriately prioritized. .

According to the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in substantially the same manner as in the first embodiment. That is, the types of combustibles placed in the storage rooms 112 and 113 are stored in the storage unit 161 in advance, and based on this information, the supply water pressure to the water spray nozzle 120 is adjusted to spray the water fine particles. Spraying of water fine particles having a particle diameter according to the type of combustible material can be performed. For this reason, efficient use of water, the accompanying simplification of securing the required amount of water,
It is possible to reduce the size of water source equipment such as the water storage tank 141 and reduce damage caused by water damage.

Further, since the fire is extinguished by spraying fine water particles, the cooling effect (removal of combustion heat), oxygen elimination effect (reduction of oxygen concentration), radiant heat blocking effect (reduction of radiant heat) ), Smoke-blocking and smoke-extinguishing effects can be obtained, and it is also possible to avoid the trouble of post-treatment such as fire extinguishing by the release of a chemical fire extinguishing agent and concerns about adverse effects on the environment and the human body.

Further, since a plurality of water spray nozzles 120 are provided in each of the storage chambers 112 and 113, the number of water spray nozzles 120 to be operated is changed to cope with the combustion state of combustibles. Fire fighting can be performed. Therefore, in addition to responding to the types of combustibles by adjusting the water pressure, it is possible to take such a response, and it is possible to further reduce the damage caused by water damage.

Then, the sensing means 150 and the control device 1
60 is provided and automated, so that it is possible to respond to an emergency more reliably than in the case of manual operation,
In addition, it is possible to cope with the occurrence of a fire in (1), and it is possible to suitably perform centralized management when there are many storage rooms.

[Third Embodiment] FIG. 8 shows a fire extinguisher 210 and a fire extinguisher 21 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
0 shows the entire configuration of the warehouse 211 where 0 is installed. The warehouse 211 has a plurality of storage rooms as fire extinguishing target spaces, as in the first and second embodiments. However, here, only the storage room 212 is illustrated, and the others are omitted.

In FIG. 8, a fire extinguisher 210 is provided on a ceiling of a storage room 212 and sprays water fine particles into the space of the storage room 212 by water pressure, and supplies water to the water spray nozzle 220. Water supply means 240
Flowing water detecting means 250 which is provided in the middle of the path of the water supply means 240 and detects the operation of the water spray nozzle 220
And the control device 26 for centrally managing the entire fire extinguisher 210
0.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the water spray nozzle 220. The water spray nozzle 220 is formed of the hollow cone nozzle of the second embodiment by colliding the pressure-applied water ejected from the ejection hole 221 at the nozzle tip with the front spherical diffusion member 223. 1
Water spray nozzle 1 consisting of 20 or full cone nozzle
Similar to 30, it is a so-called one-fluid nozzle capable of spraying water fine particles. However, between the ejection hole 221 and the diffusion member 223, a rod-shaped fuse 222 that is melted by the heat of a fire is provided. ing. In a normal state, the water spray nozzle 220 is closed by a fuse 222 arranged so as to be stretched between the spray hole 221 and the diffusion member 223, and when a fire occurs, the fuse 222 melts. The ejection hole 221 is opened, and spraying of the water fine particles is automatically started. Note that the shape of the fuse is not limited to such a rod shape, and may be, for example, a film shape.

In the second embodiment, each storage room 112,
Although the sensing means 150 is provided on the 113 (see FIG. 5), the fire extinguisher 210 of the third embodiment is not provided with a sensing means for sensing the occurrence of a fire. Has been automated.

In FIG. 8, a water supply means 240 is provided with a water storage tank 241 for storing water, a pump 242 for feeding water in the water storage tank 241 to the water spray nozzle 220 by pressurizing the water and the water spray nozzle 220. And a pipe 243 connecting the two. The water tank 241 has a water pipe 2
Water is supplied from 49 as appropriate.

Further, a pressure tank 244 for applying a preload and an on-off valve 245 thereof
And an elevated water tank 246 located higher than the storage room 212
And its on-off valve 247 are provided.
4 between the connection position of the pump 4 and the pump 242,
Is provided. These on-off valves 245, 247, 2
Reference numeral 48 is constituted by an electromagnetic valve or the like, and can be automatically or manually remote-controlled.

The rotation speed of the pump 242 provided in the water supply means 240 can be adjusted by operating a variable motor that drives the pump 242, as in the second embodiment. The supply pressure of water to the water spray nozzle 220 is adjusted. Therefore, the water pressure adjusting means 270 for adjusting the supply pressure of the water supply means 240 is constituted by the pump 242 and a signal cable connecting the pump 242 and the control device 260.

The flowing water detecting means 250 detects the movement of water in the pipe 243 when the fuse 222 is melted by the heat of the fire and spraying from the water spray nozzle 220 starts. Pipe 24
3 is provided in the middle. As the flowing water detecting means 250, a means for detecting operation by capturing a change in the flow rate (or a change in the flow rate) of the water flowing through the pipe 243 with an electromagnetic flow meter, an orifice, a venturi, or the like can be adopted.

The control device 260 has substantially the same configuration as that of the control device 160 of the second embodiment.
It comprises an input unit 262, an output unit 263, an input unit 264, a control unit 265, and an output unit 266.

The storage means 261 stores in advance the types of combustibles placed in the storage chamber 212 in the same manner as in the second embodiment, and stores information on the supply water pressure for the types of combustibles. It is remembered.

Although the input unit 164 of the second embodiment receives a signal from the sensing unit 150, the input unit 264 of the third embodiment includes a running water detection unit 250. From the computer. On the other hand, the output unit 266 is different from the output unit 166 of the second embodiment in that it outputs the processing and judgment results of the control unit 265 to the pump 242 and the on-off valves 245, 247, and 248.

In the third embodiment, the fire extinguisher 210 automatically performs fire extinguishing as follows.

First, as a preliminary preparation for automatic fire extinguishing, the administrator inputs information on the type of combustible material currently placed in the storage room 212, for example, whether it is wood or kerosene, by the input device 262. 260 is input in advance. Then, this information is stored in the storage unit 261 of the control device 260.

Next, the procedure of automatic fire extinguishing when a fire actually occurs will be described. When a fire occurs in the storage room 212, the heat of the fire causes the fuse 2
22 melts. At this time, although the pump 242 has not been started yet, if one or both of the on-off valves 245 and 247 are opened in advance, the spray of the water fine particles from the water spray nozzle 220 by the pressure of the pressure tank 244 or the elevated water tank 246 is performed. It starts automatically. Note that these pressures are preferably set according to the types of combustibles in the storage chamber 212.

Subsequently, when spraying from the water spray nozzle 220 is started, the flowing water detecting means 250 catches this, and a signal is sent to the control device 260 and transmitted to the control means 265 via the input unit 264. You. Thereby, the control means 26
5 recognizes that a fire has occurred in the storage room 212.
In addition, a plurality of water spray nozzles 220 are provided in the storage room 212, and a fuse that melts in the early stage of the fire,
The number of operating water spray nozzles 220 according to the burning condition of combustibles is provided by installing fuses 222 that melt in different ways according to the degree of fire, such as a fuse that melts in the middle of a fire and a fuse that melts during a fire. May be automatically adjusted. In this way, it is possible to extinguish the fire with a water amount according to the combustion state of the combustible material.

Furthermore, the control means 265
Based on the information of No. 1, it is determined that the type of combustible material placed in the storage room 212 is wood or kerosene,
Further, the supply water pressure corresponding to the type is read. In addition,
The supply water pressure is actually stored as the number of revolutions of the pump 242, a voltage value for controlling the number of revolutions, or the like.

Then, the control means 265 controls the output unit 266.
, The supply water pressure is adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the pump 242, and the on-off valve 248 is opened to spray water particles having an optimum particle diameter. For example, the storage room 21
If the combustible material placed in 2 is wood, the supply water pressure is lowered to spray fine water particles with a large particle diameter, whereas if the combustible material is kerosene, the supply water pressure is increased to increase the supply water pressure to a small water particle. Spray.

Thereafter, the fire extinguishing progresses, and when the fire extinguishing is finally completed, the pump 242 is stopped, and the on-off valves 245, 247, 248 are closed, and the spraying of the water fine particles is stopped.

According to the third embodiment, similarly to the second embodiment, efficient use of water by spraying fine water particles having a particle diameter corresponding to the kind of combustible material is achieved. Acquire the necessary amount of water easily, reduce the size of water source equipment such as the water tank 241, reduce the damage caused by water damage, and obtain each effect such as the smoke blocking and smoke eliminating effects unique to water mist. Can be.

Further, although the sensing means 150 as in the second embodiment is not provided, the fuse 222 and the flowing water detecting means 250 are provided. Similarly, automation can be achieved, and it is possible to cope with a fire in the unmanned warehouse 211 and centrally manage a large number of storage rooms.

[Fourth Embodiment] FIG. 10 shows a fire extinguisher 310 and a fire extinguisher 3 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The entire configuration of a warehouse 311 in which 10 is installed is shown.
The warehouse 311 has a plurality of storage rooms as fire extinguishing spaces, as in the first and second embodiments. However, here, only the storage room 312 is illustrated, and the others are omitted.

In FIG. 10, a fire extinguisher 310 includes a plurality of different types of water spray nozzles 320A, 320B, 320C that are provided on the ceiling of the storage room 312 and spray water fine particles into the space of the storage room 312 by water pressure. Water supply means 340 for supplying water to each of the water spray nozzles 320A, 320B, 320C, sensing means 350 for sensing the occurrence and degree of fire in the storage room 312, and a control device for centrally managing the entire fire extinguisher 310 360.

Each water spray nozzle 320A, 320B, 32
0C is a so-called one-fluid nozzle similar to the water spray nozzle 120 composed of the hollow cone nozzle or the water spray nozzle 130 composed of the full cone nozzle of the second embodiment. However, each water spray nozzle 320A, 32
OB and 320C have different performances, and have the ability to spray fine water particles having different particle sizes when the same water pressure is applied. Here, the nozzle 320A has the largest particle size, the nozzle 320C has the smallest particle size,
It is assumed that the particle size of 0B is intermediate.

The water supply means 340 includes a water storage tank 341 for storing water, and a pump 3 for feeding the water in the water storage tank 341 to each of the water spray nozzles 320A, 320B, and 320C under pressure.
42, these and each of the water spray nozzles 320A, 320B,
A pipe 343 for connecting the water spray nozzles 320A, 320B, and 320C, and on-off valves 344A and 344 such as electromagnetic valves provided in the middle of the pipe 343 for each of the water spray nozzles 320A, 320B, and 320C.
B, 344C. Further, the water storage tank 341 is appropriately supplied with water from a water pipe 345. Note that a preload may be applied by connecting a pressure tank in the middle of the pipe 343.

The rotation speed of the pump 342 provided in the water supply means 340 can be adjusted by operating a variable motor that drives the pump 342, as in the second and third embodiments. , So that each water spray nozzle 3
The supply pressure of water to 20A, 320B, and 320C is adjusted. Accordingly, the water pressure adjusting means 370 for adjusting the supply pressure of the water supply means 340 is constituted by the pump 342 and a signal cable connecting the pump 342 and the control device 360.

Each of the on-off valves 344A, 344B, 344C provided in the water supply means 340 opens / closes a water supply path to each of the water spray nozzles 320A, 320B, 320C. Therefore, the on-off valve 34
4A, 344B, 344C and these and the control device 36
A selection cable 380 for selecting a nozzle to be used is constituted by a signal cable or the like connecting the 0 to the nozzle.

The control device 360 has substantially the same configuration as the control devices 60, 160, and 260 of the above embodiments, and includes storage means 361, input means 362, output means 363, input section 364, control means 365, and output means. A portion 366 is provided.

The storage means 361 is the same as in the above embodiments in that the types of combustibles placed in the storage room 312 are stored in advance. However, the information of the supply water pressure with respect to the combustion state of the combustibles, and the nozzle to be selectively used under the water pressure (that is, the water particles having the optimum particle diameter according to the type of the combustible under the water pressure can be sprayed) This is different from the above embodiments in that the information of the nozzles is stored.

For example, as shown in FIG.
When the supply water pressure to 20A, 320B, 320C is increased,
The particle size of each nozzle becomes smaller. That is, the particle diameter is shifted to a smaller one as a whole. here,
If the particle diameters of the nozzles 320A and 320B after increasing the water pressure match the particle diameters of the nozzles 320B and 320C before increasing the water pressure, the nozzles to be used can be selected to obtain different water pressures. On the other hand, water fine particles having the same particle diameter can be sprayed.

Therefore, for example, when the type of combustible material is wood, the nozzle 320B is selected when the water pressure is lowered at the initial stage of the fire, and when the water pressure is increased due to the progress of the fire, the nozzle 320A is turned on. By selection, the particle size can be maintained at an optimum value suitable for fire extinguishing wood. If the type of combustible material is kerosene, when lowering the water pressure at the initial stage of a fire, the nozzle 320C
Is selected, and when the water pressure is increased due to the progress of the fire, by selecting the nozzle 320B, the particle diameter can be maintained at an optimum value suitable for extinguishing the kerosene. Here, focusing only on the nozzle 320B, it is understood that one nozzle may be used for extinguishing both wood and kerosene.

However, in actuality, as described above, when the water pressure is increased, the particle diameter of each nozzle does not exactly shift, so that the nozzle diameter becomes close to the optimum particle diameter under each water pressure. Will be selected. The adjustment of the particle diameter by the selection of the nozzles to be used becomes more accurate as the number of types of the nozzles becomes more accurate, except that the equipment becomes complicated.

As described above, the storage means 361 stores selection information in consideration of both the combustion state (water pressure) of combustibles and the type of combustibles, and the control means 365 makes various types of information based on this information. Processing and judgment are performed.

The input section 364 has a sensing means 350
From the output unit 36.
6 is a pump 34 which outputs the results of the processing and determination by the control means 365.
2 and the respective on-off valves 344A, 344B, 344C.

In the fourth embodiment, fire extinguishing is automatically performed by the fire extinguisher 310 as follows.

First, as preparation for automatic fire extinguishing, the administrator inputs information on the type of combustible material currently placed in the storage room 312, for example, whether it is wood or kerosene, by the input device 362. 360 is input in advance. Then, this information is stored in the storage unit 361 of the control device 360.

Next, the procedure of automatic fire extinguishing when a fire actually occurs will be described. When the detecting means 350 detects that a fire has occurred in the storage room 312, the signal is sent to the control device 360, and the signal is sent to the control device 360 via the input unit 364.
65. Thereby, the control unit 365 grasps the occurrence of a fire in the storage room 312 and the combustion state of the combustible material.

Subsequently, the control means 365
Based on the information of (1), it is determined that the type of combustible material placed in the storage room 312 is wood or kerosene, and the supply water pressure corresponding to the grasped combustion state of the combustible material is read. Note that the supply water pressure is actually
2 is stored as the number of rotations or a voltage value for controlling the number of rotations.

Then, the control means 365 outputs the output unit 366.
To control the number of revolutions of the pump 342 to adjust the supply water pressure. For example, in the early stage of a fire, the water pressure is reduced to extinguish the fire with a small amount of water, and when the fire progresses, the water pressure is increased accordingly.

At the same time, the control means 365
Grasps a nozzle having an optimal particle diameter according to the type of combustible material under the set water pressure based on the information in the storage unit 361, and selects the nozzle by the selection unit 380 via the output unit 366. Activate only that nozzle.
For example, when wood is stored in the storage room 312, the nozzle 320B is selected in the early stage of the fire,
When the water pressure increases due to a fire, the nozzle 320A
Is selected (see FIG. 11).

Thereafter, when the fire extinguishing progresses and the sensing means 350 senses that the fire has diminished, the water pressure is lowered and the selection means 380 selects the nozzle 320B.
May be selected again to extinguish the fire with a small amount of water.

Then, when the fire extinguishing is finally completed,
Pump 342 is stopped, and all on-off valves 344A, 344
44B and 344C are closed. It should be noted that only the determination of fire extinguishing completion may be made by a human. In addition, the start and stop of the pump 342, the operation of adjusting the number of revolutions, and the operation of the selection unit 380 are performed in principle by automatic control. However, even during the control, manual operation can be appropriately prioritized. Good.

According to the fourth embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in substantially the same manner as in the above embodiments. That is, since the combustion state of the combustible material is grasped by the sensing means 350 and the water pressure is adjusted accordingly, the fire can be extinguished with the amount of water according to the combustion state of the combustible material. Storage means 3 for the type of burnable material
61 in advance, and based on this information, selecting means 380
, The water spray nozzle is selected and operated, so that water fine particles having a particle diameter according to the type of combustible material can be sprayed. Therefore, efficient use of water, accompanying simplification of securing a necessary amount of water, downsizing of water source equipment such as the water storage tank 341 and reduction of damage due to water damage can be achieved.

Further, since the fire is extinguished by spraying water fine particles, the cooling effect (removal of combustion heat), oxygen elimination effect (reduction of oxygen concentration), radiation heat blocking effect (reduction of radiation heat) ), Smoke-blocking and smoke-extinguishing effects can be obtained, and it is also possible to avoid the trouble of post-treatment such as fire extinguishing by the release of a chemical fire extinguishing agent and concerns about adverse effects on the environment and the human body.

Further, the sensing means 350 and the control device 3
60, which is automated and provides more reliable response to emergencies than unmanaged warehouses 31 compared to manual operation.
In addition, it is possible to cope with the occurrence of a fire in (1), and it is possible to suitably perform centralized management when there are many storage rooms.

[Modifications] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and includes modifications and the like within a range that can achieve the object of the present invention.

That is, in the first embodiment, the compressor 32 and the pump 42 are common to the storage chambers 12 and 13, but are provided separately for each of the storage chambers 12 and 13. So that each storage room 12,
In the event of a simultaneous fire at 13, each storage room 1
When the types of combustibles stored in the storage chambers 2 and 13 are different, or when the combustibles in the storage chambers 12 and 13 have different combustion states, fire can be efficiently extinguished in the storage chambers 12 and 13. . On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the pumps 142A and 142B are provided for each of the storage rooms 112 and 113. However, as in the first embodiment, the pumps 142A and 142B are provided.
2 and 113 may be common, so that the facility can be simplified. The same applies to the third and fourth embodiments. A pump or the like may be common to each storage room, or may be separately provided for each storage room.

In the above embodiments, the sensing means 5
0, 150, 350, fuse 222 and control device 6
Although 0, 160, 260, 360, etc. are provided and automation is achieved, a device for manually operating a compressor, a pump, an on-off valve, or the like may be used. However, automation is preferable in terms of ensuring operation and the like.

Further, the warehouses 11 and 11 of each of the embodiments described above.
Fire extinguisher 10, 110, 21
No. 0,310 is provided, and it is described that the main purpose is to extinguish a fire or suppress a fire, and as a result, it is also possible to perform a smoke elimination. As information to be stored in the storage means in the fire extinguisher, information on the optimal particle size for smoke suppression is also added,
A mode for exclusively extinguishing smoke may be added to the processing or determination by the control means. By doing this,
For example, spraying for fire extinguishing is performed first, and after fire extinguishing, it is possible to spray for extinguishing smoke and water vapor, etc. Can be. In addition, a device that performs only smoke elimination may be provided in an evacuation path such as a passage or an evacuation staircase instead of the storage room. In addition, in the case of extinguishing smoke, similarly to the case of extinguishing fire, by spraying water fine particles of the optimal particle size according to the type of smoke (smoke smoke or combustion smoke) generated from combustible materials, Since it is possible to perform efficient smoke elimination, it is possible to reduce the obstruction of the line of sight due to smoke on the evacuation route, to obtain effects such as evacuation convenience, and to obtain the two-fluid like the first embodiment. If smoke is eliminated using a nozzle of the type, it is possible to spray water fine particles by changing only the amount of water while keeping the particle diameter constant according to the smoke concentration, so that damage due to water damage can be reduced and evacuation Advantages such as the above can be obtained.

[0179]

As described above, according to the present invention, water fine particles having a particle diameter according to the kind of combustible material are sprayed.
Water can be used efficiently, which can make it easier to secure the required amount of water, reduce the size of water source equipment, reduce damage caused by water damage, etc. There is an effect that an effect, an oxygen removing effect, a radiation heat blocking effect, a smoke blocking effect, and a smoke eliminating effect can also be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a fire extinguishing target space in which the fire extinguishing apparatus is installed.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement of a gas spray nozzle and a sensing unit according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the gas spray nozzle of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a gas-liquid ratio-particle size graph which is a characteristic of the gas spray nozzle of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram of a fire extinguisher according to a second embodiment of the present invention and a fire extinguishing target space in which the fire extinguisher is installed.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a water spray nozzle according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a view including a partial cross section of another type of water spray nozzle that can be used in the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an overall configuration diagram of a fire extinguisher according to a third embodiment of the present invention and a fire extinguishing target space in which the fire extinguisher is installed.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a water spray nozzle provided with a fuse of the third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an overall configuration diagram of a fire extinguisher according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention and a fire extinguishing target space in which the fire extinguisher is installed.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram relating to selection of a nozzle according to a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 110, 210, 310 Fire extinguisher 12, 13, 112, 113, 212, 312 Storage room as fire extinguishing target space 20 Gas spray nozzles 120A to 120D, 130, 220, 320A to 32
0C Water spray nozzle 30 Gas supply means 40, 140, 240, 340 Water supply means 50, 150, 350 Sensing means 61, 161, 261, 361 Storage means 65, 165, 265, 365 Control means 70 Gas-liquid ratio adjusting means 170 , 270, 370 Water pressure adjustment means 380 Selection means

Claims (10)

[Claims] When extinguishing a fire that occurs in a space to be extinguished, the type of flammable material placed in this space is grasped, and water having a particle size corresponding to the type of flammable material is placed in this space. A fire extinguishing method characterized by spraying fine particles. 2. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein the spraying of the water fine particles is performed by a gas spray nozzle that sprays the water fine particles together with the release of the gas into the fire extinguishing target space by the gas pressure and the water pressure. A method for extinguishing fire, characterized in that the particle diameter of the water fine particles is adjusted by changing the ratio of the supply amounts of gas and water supplied to the gas spray nozzle. 3. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein the spraying of the water fine particles is performed by a water spray nozzle that sprays the water fine particles into the fire extinguishing target space by water pressure, and the particle diameter of the water fine particles is adjusted. A fire extinguishing method characterized by changing the water pressure supplied to the water spray nozzle. 4. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of different types of water spray nozzles for spraying water fine particles into the fire extinguishing space by water pressure are provided, and the water spray nozzles are placed in the fire extinguishing space. By grasping the combustion state of the combustibles, changing the water pressure according to the combustion state of the combustibles, and selecting one of the plurality of water spray nozzles to be operated, the water pressure according to the combustion state of the combustibles A fire extinguishing method characterized by spraying water fine particles having a particle size according to the kind of combustible material. 5. A gas spray nozzle which is provided facing the inside of a fire extinguishing target space and discharges gas and water fine particles into the space according to gas pressure and water pressure, and gas for supplying gas to the gas spray nozzle. Supply means, water supply means for supplying water to the gas spray nozzle, gas supply amount by the gas supply means and water by the water supply means according to the kind of combustible material placed in the fire extinguishing target space And a gas-liquid ratio adjusting means for adjusting a ratio to a supply amount of the fire extinguishing device. 6. A fire extinguisher according to claim 5, wherein storage means for preliminarily storing types of combustibles placed in the fire extinguishing target space, and sensing means for detecting occurrence of a fire in the fire extinguishing target space. Control means for receiving the signal from the sensing means, adjusting the gas-liquid ratio adjusting means based on the information stored in the storage means, and automatically operating the gas spray nozzle. Fire extinguisher. 7. A water spray nozzle provided facing the inside of a fire extinguishing target space and spraying water fine particles into the space by water pressure, a water supply means for supplying water to the water spray nozzle,
A fire extinguisher comprising: a water pressure adjusting unit that adjusts a supply water pressure by the water supply unit according to a type of combustible material placed in the fire extinguishing target space. 8. The fire extinguisher according to claim 7, wherein storage means for storing in advance the type of combustible material placed in the fire extinguishing target space, and sensing means for detecting the occurrence of a fire in the fire extinguishing target space. Control means for receiving the signal from the sensing means, operating the water pressure adjusting means based on the information stored in the storage means, and automatically operating the water spray nozzle. apparatus. 9. A plurality of different types of water spray nozzles which are provided facing the inside of a fire extinguishing target space and spray water fine particles into the space by water pressure, and water supply means for supplying water to these water spray nozzles. And a water pressure adjusting means for adjusting a supply water pressure by the water supply means according to a combustion state of the combustible material placed in the fire extinguishing target space; and the plurality of waters under a water pressure according to a combustion state of the combustible material. A fire extinguisher comprising: a selection means for selecting a spray nozzle to be operated according to a type of combustible material. 10. The fire extinguisher according to claim 9,
Storage means for preliminarily storing the types of combustibles placed in the fire extinguishing target space; sensing means for detecting the occurrence of a fire in the fire extinguishing target space and the combustion state of the combustibles; and receiving a signal from the sensing means. Control means for operating the water pressure adjusting means and operating the selecting means based on the information stored in the storage means to automatically activate the water spray nozzle.