JP2000057920A - Coupling device having electric and magnetic sensor and switching function - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device with simple electric circuit and mechanical constitution having an electric and magnetic sensor function, a switching function and a coupling function with stability when coupled and high degree of freedom of a coupling angle. SOLUTION: A ferromagnet in a spherical shape or acuminate shape is mounted to the same magnetic pole of two magnets. The tip of the ferromagnets are opposed each other. The position of a magnetic wall generated in the ferromagnet changes by affection of three factors; the distance of the magnets, change of a magnetic force of magnet itself and external magnetic fields. When the magnetic wall is at the coupling part of the ferromagnet, the magnets repulse and separate each other. When the magnet wall is in the ferromagnet apart from the coupling part, the magnets pull and couple each other. The number and combinations of a permanent magnet, at electromagnet and a super- conducting magnet are changed according to purposes.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus having both an electric and magnetic sensor function, a switch function and a connection function.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are an apparatus having both functions of an electric sensor and a switch, an apparatus having both functions of a magnetic sensor and a switch, and a connecting apparatus having both functions of an electric and magnetic sensor and a switch. However, since the sensor function, the switch function, and the connection / separation function use separate components, the number of electric circuits and components increases, and the configuration is complicated. Therefore, the cost of repair, design, manufacture, etc. was high.

[0003]

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which has a simple electric circuit and a mechanical structure, and has a function of electric and magnetic sensors, a function of a switch, a function of connection stability and a high degree of freedom in connection angle.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems A ferromagnetic material having a spherical or pointed tip is attached to the same magnetic pole portion of two magnets (electromagnets or permanent magnets). If the magnitude of the magnetic force at the tip of this ferromagnetic material is different, if the distance between the tips is a certain value or more,
The two magnets mutually repel each other under the repulsion of the magnetic force, and when the distance becomes smaller than a certain value, the two magnets are mutually attracted by the magnetic force and are connected at the tip of the ferromagnetic material. You. This is because a magnetic field wall (domain wall) formed by the collision of magnetic forces of the same magnetic pole is formed in one of the ferromagnetic bodies. When the magnitude or direction of the magnetic force of the magnet changes under the influence of the change in the external magnetic field, and when the magnetic force of the magnet itself changes, the domain wall moves. When one or both magnets are electromagnets, the domain wall moves even when the magnitude of the current flowing through the electromagnet changes. When the magnetic force of the magnet changes and the domain wall moves to the connecting portion of the ferromagnetic material, the two magnets repel each other due to the repulsive force of the magnetic force acting on each other and separate. By utilizing this principle, the present invention can have both electric and magnetic sensor functions. The present invention can be provided with a switch function by an electric wire or the like performing its own connection or separation using a magnetic force that connects or separates these two magnets. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by the configuration having the above features.

When a ferromagnetic material having a spherical or pointed tip is attached to different magnetic poles of a magnet and connected at the tip of the ferromagnetic material, the connection surface pressure of the ferromagnetic material is applied due to the attractive force of the magnetic force to connect. Since friction on the surface increases, a large rotational force must be continuously applied in order to maintain the connection state in a state where one or the other is rotated, and the stability of the connection is low. However, when a ferromagnetic material with a spherical or pointed tip is attached to the same magnetic pole of a magnet and connected at the tip of this ferromagnetic material, magnetic attraction acts on the connected part and repulsive force acts on the other parts. In addition, the friction on the connecting surface of the ferromagnetic material becomes very small. Therefore, it is not necessary to continuously apply a large rotational force in order to maintain the connected state in a state where one or the other is rotated, and only a small rotational force need be applied, and the connection stability is high. When the tip of the ferromagnetic material is spherical, the degree of freedom and stability of the coupling angle are higher than when a ferromagnetic material with a rod-like tip is attached to the same magnetic pole. Become smaller.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show the principle that the connection and separation of two electromagnets each having a spherical ferromagnetic tip attached to the same magnetic pole are determined by the position of a domain wall. is there. FIG. 1 shows that the distance between the tips of the iron members attached to the same magnetic pole of the two electromagnets is equal to or greater than a certain value, the domain wall is located between the tips of the iron members, and the two electromagnets mutually repel magnetic forces. It shows a case where the situation is such that they repel each other in response to the request. FIG. 2 shows that the distance is smaller than a certain value, the domain wall is located inside the iron member (10 '), and the two electromagnets are mutually attracted by magnetic force to be connected at the tip of the ferromagnetic material. FIG. FIG. 3 shows a case where the magnetic wall of one or both of the electromagnets changes and the domain wall moves to the connecting portion of the iron member, and the two electromagnets receive mutual repulsive force of magnetic force and separate. Things.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show an embodiment in which the present invention is used as a DC current breaker. Part of the current (i) of the DC current (I) flowing through the electric wire (3) passes through the current regulator (5a), flows through the coil wire of the electromagnet (2), and then flows through the electric wire (4). The current regulator (5a) adjusts the ratio of the magnitude of the current (I) to the magnitude of the current (i). The current of the external power supply (19) flows through the coil wire of the electromagnet (1). The magnitude of this current is adjusted by a current regulator (5) to change the magnetic strength of the electromagnet (1), so that the electromagnet (1) and the electromagnet (2) are separated and the electromagnet when the breaker function works The magnitude of the magnetic force of (2), that is, the magnitude of the current (I) is changed. The current regulator (5) and the current regulator (5a) adjust the magnitude of the magnetic force of the electromagnet (1) and the electromagnet (2) when the electromagnet (1) and the electromagnet (2) are separated, so that the breaker function is achieved. The magnitude of the current (I) when working is freely set. After the electric wire (3) and the electric wire (4) are separated by the breaker function, a repulsive force is applied between the electromagnet (1) and the electromagnet (2). Therefore, even if the device is tilted or subjected to vibration, The electromagnet (1) and the electromagnet (2) are easily connected, and the electric wire (3) and the electric wire (4) are not connected. When the value of the current (i) is reduced to zero after the breaker function is activated, the magnetic force of the electromagnet (1) acts on the iron core inside the electromagnet (2), and the electromagnet (1) and the electromagnet (2) At the same time as being connected again, the electric wires (3) and (4) are also connected.

When a high voltage is applied to the electric wire (3),
When the electric wire (3) and the electric wire (4) are not completely separated only by the repulsive force acting on the electromagnet (1) and the electromagnet (2), force is mechanically applied to the electromagnet (2) from the outside to separate the electric wires. Also,
The distance between the electromagnet (1) and the electromagnet (2) separated by the breaker function is long, and the electromagnet (1) and the electromagnet (2)
Electric wire (3) and electric wire (4) only by magnetic attraction between
Is not connected again, force is applied to the electromagnet (2) mechanically from the outside, and the electromagnet (2) is brought closer to the electromagnet (1) to be connected. In this embodiment, there is no need to apply a mechanical force externally.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show an embodiment in which the present invention is used as a connection / separation device having a magnetic sensor function. The fixed electromagnet (6) is affected by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet (8) approaching from the outside. Then, the position of the domain wall of the electromagnet (6) and the electromagnet (7) moves from the iron member (9) to the connection portion with the iron member (10), and the electromagnet (6)
And the electromagnet (7) are separated by mutual repulsion of magnetic force. The separated electromagnet (7) is a lamp switch (11)
The warning lamp (12) is turned on by pressing. By changing the magnetic force of the electromagnet with the current regulator (5), the sensitivity to external magnetism can be adjusted.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show that the present invention uses a rotating connected member as a receiving shaft provided with a connecting and separating function by utilizing the fact that the friction coefficient at the connecting portion is small and the connecting stability is high. The example used is shown. The iron member (16) is connected to the permanent magnet (17) as a receiving shaft of the rod (14) rotating by receiving the power of the motor (15). Electromagnet (1
The magnetic force of (3) is increased by the current regulator (5), and the iron member (1) is increased.
6) and the permanent magnet (17) are separated. Since the electromagnet (13) is fixed to the column, the electromagnet (13) does not move even if it receives a repulsive force from the permanent magnet (17). On the other hand, the truck (18) to which the motor (15), the iron member (16) and the rod (14) are attached,
The permanent magnet (17) moves by the repulsive force received from the electromagnet (13).

[0011]

According to the present invention, not only two magnets but also a plurality of permanent magnets and electromagnets can be simultaneously connected from various angles by one ferromagnetic material. Further, if the ferromagnetic material is made of a conductive material such as iron, current can be directly passed through the ferromagnetic material, so that the present invention can also have a function as an electric circuit. The present invention not only has a simple structure and has a magnetic and electric sensor function and a connection / separation function, but also has a high degree of stability and a high degree of freedom of a connection angle when a connected object is connected, and a small friction on a connection surface. . Therefore, it is possible to perform connection and separation while maintaining the rotating state of the connected object, and it can be used in a wide range of fields such as electric equipment, aerospace equipment, and transportation equipment. Also, a superconducting magnet can be used as the magnet depending on the application. When used as a circuit breaker for an electric wire through which an alternating current flows, a part of the alternating current is converted into a rectified current using a rectifier so as to flow through the electromagnet.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a basic principle of connection.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a basic principle of connection.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a basic principle of connection.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the embodiment in a connected state.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the embodiment in a separated state.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the embodiment in a connected state.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the embodiment in a separated state.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the embodiment in a connected state.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the embodiment in a separated state.

[Description of sign]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 electromagnet 1 'electromagnet 2 electromagnet 2' electromagnet 3 electric wire 4 electric wire 5 current regulator 5 'current regulator 5a current regulator 6 electromagnet 7 electromagnet 8 permanent magnet 9 iron member 9' iron member 10 iron member 10 'iron member 11 lamp Switch 12 Warning lamp 13 Electromagnet 14 Rod 15 Motor 16 Iron member 17 Permanent magnet 18 Dolly 19 Power supply 19 'Power supply 20 Tube of non-magnetic material I, i Current

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. The same magnetic poles of a plurality of electromagnets are each provided with a spherical or pointed ferromagnetic material, and the ferromagnetic materials are opposed to each other. 2. The magnitude of the magnetic force at the tip of the ferromagnetic material changes depending on the change in the external magnetic field and the change in the amount of electricity flowing through the electromagnet. 3. When the magnitude of the magnetic force at the tip is different, if the distance between the tips of the ferromagnetic material is greater than a certain value, the electromagnets are separated by the repulsive force of the magnetic forces acting on each other, but the distance between the tips is less than a certain value. In some cases, the electromagnets are connected at the leading end of the weak magnetic material by the attractive force of the magnetic force acting on each other. 4. When the electromagnets are connected across a ferromagnetic material, the part where the magnetic fields of the same magnetic pole collide (hereinafter referred to as domain wall)
Move to the connecting portion of the ferromagnetic material due to the change in the external magnetic field and the change in the amount of electricity flowing through the electromagnet, the electromagnets are separated by the repulsive force of the magnetic force acting on each other. 5. The separated electromagnets are reconnected by magnetic attraction and external force as required. With the above features, the device has both electric and magnetic sensor functions, switch functions and connection functions. 2. The same magnetic poles of the electromagnet and the permanent magnet are each provided with a spherical or pointed ferromagnetic material, and the ferromagnetic materials are opposed to each other. 2. The magnitude of the magnetic force at the tip of the ferromagnetic material changes depending on the change in the external magnetic field and the change in the amount of electricity flowing through the electromagnet. 3. When the magnitude of the magnetic force at the tip is different, this 2
If the distance between the tips of two ferromagnetic materials is more than a certain value,
The electromagnet and the permanent magnet are separated by the repulsive force of the magnetic force acting on each other, but if the distance between the tips is less than a certain value, the electromagnet and the permanent magnet are connected at the tip of the ferromagnetic material due to the attractive force of the magnetic force acting on each other. 4. When the electromagnet and the permanent magnet are connected to each other with the ferromagnetic material in between, when the domain wall moves to the connection portion of the ferromagnetic material due to the change in the external magnetic field and the change in the amount of electricity flowing through the electromagnet, the electromagnet and the permanent magnet They are separated by the repulsive force of the magnetic force acting on each other. 5. The separated electromagnets and permanent magnets are reconnected by magnetic attraction and, if necessary, external force. With the above features, the device has both electric and magnetic sensor functions, switch functions and connection functions. 3. The same magnetic poles of a plurality of permanent magnets are each provided with a ferromagnetic material having a spherical or pointed tip, and the tips of the ferromagnetic materials are opposed to each other. 2. The magnitude of the magnetic force at the tip of the ferromagnetic material changes depending on the change in the external magnetic field and the change in the amount of electricity flowing through the electromagnet. 3. If the distance between the tips of the ferromagnetic material is more than a certain value when the magnitude of the magnetic force at the tip part is different, the permanent magnets are separated by the repulsive force of the magnetic forces acting on each other, but the distance between the tips is less than a certain value. In this case, the permanent magnets are connected at the leading end of the weak magnetic material by the attractive force of the magnetic force acting on each other. 4. When the permanent magnets are connected to each other with the ferromagnetic material interposed therebetween, and when the domain wall moves to the connecting portion of the ferromagnetic material due to a change in the external magnetic field, the permanent magnets are separated by the repulsive force of the magnetic force acting on each other. 5. The separated permanent magnets are reconnected by magnetic attraction and, if necessary, external force. With the above features, the device has both electric and magnetic sensor functions, switch functions and connection functions.