JP2000054090A - Metal-ceramics composite and its manufacture - Google Patents
Metal-ceramics composite and its manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000054090A JP2000054090A JP22993898A JP22993898A JP2000054090A JP 2000054090 A JP2000054090 A JP 2000054090A JP 22993898 A JP22993898 A JP 22993898A JP 22993898 A JP22993898 A JP 22993898A JP 2000054090 A JP2000054090 A JP 2000054090A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- preform
- metal
- composite material
- powder
- thermal expansion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910018566 Al—Si—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LFYJSSARVMHQJB-QIXNEVBVSA-N bakuchiol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC[C@@](C)(C=C)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LFYJSSARVMHQJB-QIXNEVBVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018523 Al—S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018540 Si C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ductility Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、金属に強化材を複
合させた金属−セラミックス複合材料及びその製造方法
に関し、特に低熱膨張率を有する金属−セラミックス複
合材料及びその製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a metal-ceramic composite material in which a metal is combined with a reinforcing material and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to a metal-ceramic composite material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion and a method for producing the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】セラミックス繊維または粒子で強化され
た金属−セラミックスの複合材料は、金属とセラミック
スの両方の特性を兼ね備えており、例えばこの複合材料
は、高剛性、低熱膨張性、耐摩耗性等のセラミックスの
優れた特性と、延性、高靱性、高熱伝導性等の金属の優
れた特性を備えている。このように、従来から難しいと
されていたセラミックスと金属の両方の特性を備えてい
るため、機械装置メーカ等の業界から次世代の材料とし
て注目されている。2. Description of the Related Art A metal-ceramic composite material reinforced with ceramic fibers or particles has both characteristics of a metal and a ceramic. For example, this composite material has high rigidity, low thermal expansion, abrasion resistance and the like. It has the excellent properties of ceramics and the excellent properties of metals such as ductility, high toughness, and high thermal conductivity. As described above, since it has both the characteristics of ceramics and metal, which have been considered difficult, it has been drawing attention as a next-generation material from industries such as mechanical device manufacturers.
【０００３】この複合材料、特に金属としてアルミニウ
ムをマトリックスとする複合材料の製造方法は、粉末冶
金法、高圧鋳造法、真空鋳造法等の方法が従来から知ら
れている。しかし、これらの方法は、強化材であるセラ
ミックスの含有量を多くできない、あるいは大型の加圧
装置が必要である、もしくはニアネット成形が困難であ
る、コストが極めて高いなどの理由により、いずれも満
足できるものではなかった。As a method for producing this composite material, particularly a composite material using aluminum as a matrix as a metal, methods such as powder metallurgy, high pressure casting, and vacuum casting have been conventionally known. However, all of these methods are not capable of increasing the content of ceramics as a reinforcing material, require a large-sized pressurizing device, are difficult to form near nets, and are extremely expensive. It was not satisfactory.
【０００４】そこで最近では、上記問題を解決する製造
方法として、米国ランクサイド社が開発した非加圧金属
浸透法が特に注目されている。この方法は、ＳｉＣやＡ
ｌ2Ｏ3などのセラミックス粉末で形成されたプリフォー
ムに、アルミニウムインゴットを接触させ、これをＮ2
雰囲気中で７００〜９００℃に加熱して溶融したアルミ
ニウム合金をプリフォームに含浸させる方法である。こ
れは、化学反応を利用してセラミックス粉末への溶融金
属の濡れ性を改善することにより、加圧しなくても金属
をプリフォームに含浸できるようにした優れた方法であ
る。Accordingly, recently, a non-pressurized metal infiltration method developed by Rankside Company of the United States has attracted particular attention as a manufacturing method for solving the above problem. This method uses SiC or A
l to 2 O 3 preform formed of ceramic powder, such as, by contacting the aluminum ingots, which N 2
This is a method of impregnating a preform with an aluminum alloy that has been heated to 700 to 900 ° C. and melted in an atmosphere. This is an excellent method in which the preform can be impregnated with the metal without applying pressure by improving the wettability of the molten metal to the ceramic powder using a chemical reaction.
【０００５】また、この方法では、セラミックスの含有
率を３０〜８５ｖｏｌ％と広く、かつ高い範囲まで変え
ることができ、しかも、この方法で形成されたプリフォ
ームは、その形状の自由度が高いので、かなり複雑な形
状をニアネットで作ることも可能である。このようにこ
の方法は、加圧装置が不要であり、セラミックスの含有
率を高くすることができ、ニアネット成形も可能となる
方法であるので、前記した問題が解決される優れた方法
である。Further, according to this method, the content of ceramics can be varied as wide as 30 to 85 vol% and a high range, and the preform formed by this method has a high degree of freedom in its shape. It is also possible to make quite complex shapes with near nets. As described above, this method does not require a pressurizing device, can increase the content of ceramics, and enables near-net molding. Therefore, this method is an excellent method that solves the above-described problem. .
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、近年、
加工や計測においてさらに高い精度が要求されるように
なり、それに伴い熱膨張率が低く、かつ軽量である素材
への需要が高まりつつある中で、軽量なこの複合材料に
対してもその熱膨張率をさらに低くする要望が強くなっ
てきた。However, in recent years,
Higher precision is required in processing and measurement, and the demand for lightweight materials with low coefficients of thermal expansion is increasing. There is a growing demand for lower rates.
【０００７】一般に金属の熱膨張率は、１×１０-5／℃
程度であるが、これは、例えば、長さ１ｍ程度の大型部
材を考えた場合、その長さは１℃あたり１０μｍぐらい
変化することを意味し、それを最近では数μｍのオーダ
ーにまで下げることが要求されるようになり、これは熱
膨張率を少なくとも５．０×１０-6／℃以下にすること
を意味する。In general, the coefficient of thermal expansion of a metal is 1 × 10 −5 / ° C.
This means that, for example, when a large member with a length of about 1 m is considered, its length changes by about 10 μm per 1 ° C., and it has recently been reduced to the order of several μm. Is required, which means that the coefficient of thermal expansion is at least 5.0 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less.
【０００８】熱膨張率が低い既存の材料としては、セラ
ミックス、金属ならばインバー（Ｆｅ−３４〜３６Ｎｉ
合金）が知られている。しかし、セラミックスは上記熱
膨張率を達成できるが、加工や計測に必要な部材が大型
の場合には、それを作るのは困難であり、また、できた
としても極めて高価なものとなる。これに対しインバー
は上記熱膨張率を達成でき、しかも鋳造もできるので
（できたものをいわゆるノビナイト鋳鉄と言う）、セラ
ミックスと違って大型部材を比較的容易に作ることがで
きるが、部材の材料がＦｅを含む合金であるため、重量
が大きく、そのために生じる問題、例えば、可動性の部
材では負荷が大きくなり、また惰性も大きくなり、高い
精度が確保できなくなる。Existing materials having a low coefficient of thermal expansion include ceramics and metals such as invar (Fe-34 to 36Ni).
Alloys) are known. However, ceramics can achieve the above-mentioned coefficient of thermal expansion, but if the members required for processing and measurement are large, it is difficult to make them, and even if they are made, they will be extremely expensive. Invar, on the other hand, can achieve the above-mentioned coefficient of thermal expansion and can be cast (the resulting product is called nobinite cast iron), so that large members can be relatively easily made unlike ceramics. Is an alloy containing Fe, so that the weight is large, and the problems caused by the alloy are large. For example, a load is increased in a movable member, the inertia is also increased, and high accuracy cannot be secured.
【０００９】これに対し、金属−セラミックス複合材料
は、軽量で、しかも大型部材を作製できるので、熱膨張
率を低くすることができさえすれば、加工や計測におけ
る高い精度の要求を満足できるようになる。この複合材
料において、低い熱膨張率を有するものとしては、熱膨
張率の低いＳｉＣ粉末にアルミニウムまたはその合金を
浸透させた複合材料が挙げられる。しかし、熱膨張率が
低いとはいうものの、これの熱膨張率を５．０×１０-6
／℃以下にするためには、ＳｉＣ粉末の含有率を８０体
積％より高くしなければならない。ＳｉＣ粉末の含有率
を高含有率にするには高粉末充填率を有するプリフォー
ムを形成すればよいが、８０体積％を越える高粉末充填
率を有し、しかも大型のプリフォームを形成するのは極
めて難しい。また、仮に形成できたとしてもＳｉＣ粒子
間の空隙が狭くなり、アルミニウム合金の浸透していく
通り道を確保できなく恐れがあるため、部材が大型であ
るが故に部材のどこかで未浸透部分が生じてしまう。On the other hand, the metal-ceramic composite material is lightweight and can produce a large-sized member. Therefore, as long as the coefficient of thermal expansion can be reduced, the demand for high precision in processing and measurement can be satisfied. become. In this composite material, as a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, a composite material in which aluminum or an alloy thereof is infiltrated into SiC powder having a low coefficient of thermal expansion is exemplified. However, although the coefficient of thermal expansion is low, the coefficient of thermal expansion is 5.0 × 10 −6.
/ C or lower, the content of the SiC powder must be higher than 80% by volume. In order to increase the content of the SiC powder, a preform having a high powder filling rate may be formed. However, a large preform having a high powder filling rate exceeding 80% by volume is formed. Is extremely difficult. Even if it can be formed, the voids between the SiC particles are narrowed, and there is a possibility that the passage through which the aluminum alloy penetrates may not be secured. Will happen.
【００１０】本発明は、上述した金属−セラミックス複
合材料及びその製造方法が有する課題に鑑みなされたも
のであって、その目的は、ＳｉＣ粉末の含有率が８０体
積％以下であっても、５．０×１０-6／℃以下の熱膨張
率とすることのできる金属−セラミックス複合材料を提
供し、その製造方法をも提供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the above-described metal-ceramic composite material and a method of manufacturing the same. The object of the present invention is to provide a metal-ceramic composite material having a SiC powder content of 80% by volume or less. It is another object of the present invention to provide a metal-ceramic composite material having a coefficient of thermal expansion of 0.0 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less, and to provide a method for producing the same.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者等は、上記目的
を達成するため鋭意研究した結果、浸透させる金属をＳ
ｉを多く含むＡｌ−Ｓｉ−Ｍｇ系のアルミニウム合金と
すれば、ＳｉＣの含有率が８０体積％以下であっても、
５．０×１０-6／℃以下の熱膨張率を有する複合材料が
得られるとの知見を得て本発明を完成するに至った。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, have found that the metal to be impregnated is S
If an Al-Si-Mg-based aluminum alloy containing much i is used, even if the content of SiC is 80% by volume or less,
The inventors have found that a composite material having a coefficient of thermal expansion of 5.0 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less can be obtained, and have completed the present invention.
【００１２】即ち本発明は、（１）セラミックス繊維ま
たは粒子を強化材としてプリフォームを形成し、そのプ
リフォームに基材である金属を浸透させた金属−セラミ
ックス複合材料において、該セラミックス粒子が、Ｓｉ
Ｃ粉末であり、該プリフォームが、６０〜８０体積％の
粉末充填率を有するプリフォームであり、該金属が、Ｓ
ｉを１０〜３０重量％含むＡｌ−Ｓｉ−Ｍｇ系のアルミ
ニウム合金であり、該複合材料が、室温から５０℃間に
おいて５．０×１０-6／℃以下の平均熱膨張率を有する
複合材料であることを特徴とする金属−セラミックス複
合材料（請求項１）とし、また、（２）セラミックス繊
維または粒子を強化材としてプリフォームを形成し、そ
のプリフォームに基材である金属を浸透させる金属−セ
ラミックス複合材料の製造方法において、該プリフォー
ムの形成方法が、ＳｉＣ粉末とバインダーとを混合し、
それを成形し、得られた成形体を焼成して６０〜８０体
積％の粉末充填率を有するプリフォームを形成する方法
であり、該金属の浸透方法が、形成したプリフォームに
Ｓｉを１０〜３０重量％含むＡｌ−Ｓｉ−Ｍｇ系のアル
ミニウム合金を窒素雰囲気中で７００〜１０００℃の温
度で浸透させる方法であることを特徴とする金属−セラ
ミックス複合材料の製造方法（請求項２）とすることを
要旨とする。以下さらに詳細に説明する。That is, the present invention provides (1) a metal-ceramic composite material in which a preform is formed by using ceramic fibers or particles as a reinforcing material, and a metal as a base material is impregnated in the preform; Si
C powder, wherein the preform is a preform having a powder filling factor of 60 to 80% by volume, and the metal is S
a composite material having an average thermal expansion coefficient of 5.0 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less between room temperature and 50 ° C. (2) A preform is formed by using ceramic fibers or particles as a reinforcing material, and a metal as a base material is permeated into the preform. In the method for producing a metal-ceramic composite material, the method for forming the preform includes mixing a SiC powder and a binder,
It is a method of forming it and baking the obtained molded body to form a preform having a powder filling rate of 60 to 80% by volume. A method for producing a metal-ceramic composite material, characterized in that it is a method of infiltrating an Al-Si-Mg-based aluminum alloy containing 30% by weight in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 700 to 1000 ° C. That is the gist. This will be described in more detail below.
【００１３】上記で述べたように本発明の複合材料とし
ては、セラミックス粒子を、ＳｉＣ粉末とし、その粉末
で形成したプリフォームを、６０〜８０体積％の粉末充
填率を有するプリフォームとし、そのプリフォームに浸
透させた金属を、Ｓｉを１０〜３０重量％含むＡｌ−Ｓ
ｉ−Ｍｇ系のアルミニウム合金とし、成した複合材料の
熱膨張率を、室温から５０℃間において５．０×１０-6
／℃以下の平均熱膨張率とする金属−セラミックス複合
材料とした（請求項１）。プリフォームの粉末充填率、
言い換えれば複合材料中のＳｉＣ含有率を６０〜８０体
積％としたのは、６０体積％より低いと、熱膨張率を
５．０×１０-6／℃以下にすることができず、８０体積
％より高いと、前記したように大型のプリフォームを作
り難いことによる。As described above, in the composite material of the present invention, the ceramic particles are SiC powder, and the preform formed from the powder is a preform having a powder filling rate of 60 to 80% by volume. Al-S containing 10 to 30% by weight of metal permeated into preform
The thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material formed from an i-Mg-based aluminum alloy is 5.0 × 10 −6 between room temperature and 50 ° C.
A metal-ceramic composite material having an average coefficient of thermal expansion of / ° C or lower (claim 1). Powder filling rate of preform,
In other words, the reason for setting the SiC content in the composite material to 60 to 80% by volume is that if the SiC content is lower than 60% by volume, the coefficient of thermal expansion cannot be reduced to 5.0 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less, %, It is difficult to produce a large preform as described above.
【００１４】また、浸透させる金属をＳｉを１０〜３０
重量％含むＡｌ−Ｓｉ−Ｍｇ系のアルミニウム合金とし
たのは、Ｓｉの含有率が１０重量％より低いと、熱膨張
率を５．０×１０-6／℃以下にすることができず、３０
重量％より高いと、マトリックス中にＳｉのみからなる
硬い針状結晶が多く発生し、靱性などの物性を低下させ
てしまうことによる。一方、Ｍｇを含有させるのは、Ｓ
ｉ量が増えると、金属の浸透速度が遅くなるので、その
浸透速度の低下をＭｇで補うためである。そのＭｇの含
有量は、特に限定しないが、Ｍｇ量が多くなればなるほ
ど熱膨張率が大きくなるので、１０重量％以上含むのは
好ましくない。以上のようなプリフォームと金属から成
る複合材料とすれば、その熱膨張率が５．０×１０-6／
℃以下となり、従来にない低熱膨張率を有する複合材料
となる。The metal to be infiltrated is 10-30 Si.
The Al-Si-Mg-based aluminum alloy containing less than 10% by weight is that when the content of Si is lower than 10% by weight, the coefficient of thermal expansion cannot be reduced to 5.0 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less. 30
If the content is higher than the percentage by weight, many hard needle-like crystals composed only of Si are generated in the matrix, and physical properties such as toughness are reduced. On the other hand, Mg is contained in S
When the amount of i increases, the permeation rate of the metal decreases, and the decrease in the permeation rate is compensated for by Mg. The content of Mg is not particularly limited, but the larger the amount of Mg, the higher the coefficient of thermal expansion. Therefore, it is not preferable to contain 10% by weight or more. If a composite material comprising a preform and a metal as described above is used, its coefficient of thermal expansion is 5.0 × 10 −6 /
° C. or lower, resulting in a composite material having an unprecedented low coefficient of thermal expansion.
【００１５】その複合材料の製造方法としては、プリフ
ォームの形成方法を、ＳｉＣ粉末とバインダーとを混合
し、それを成形し、得られた成形体を焼成して６０〜８
０体積％の粉末充填率を有するプリフォームを形成する
方法とし、金属の浸透方法を、形成したプリフォームに
Ｓｉを１０〜３０重量％含むＡｌ−Ｓｉ−Ｍｇ系のアル
ミニウム合金を窒素雰囲気中で７００〜１０００℃の温
度で浸透させる方法とする金属−セラミックス複合材料
の製造方法とした（請求項２）。このように６０〜８０
体積％の粉末充填率を有するプリフォームを形成し、そ
のプリフォームにＳｉを１０〜３０重量％含むＡｌ−Ｓ
ｉ−Ｍｇ系のアルミニウム合金を浸透させれば、５．０
×１０-6／℃以下の熱膨張率を有する複合材料を作製す
ることができる。なお、ＳｉＣ粉末の充填率とアルミニ
ウム合金中のＳｉの含有率が増せば増すほど熱膨張率が
低下するので、これらの割合を適当に加減することで、
狭い範囲ではあるが、熱膨張率を正確に制御することも
できる。As a method for producing the composite material, a preform is formed by mixing a SiC powder and a binder, molding the mixture, and sintering the obtained molded product to form a preform.
As a method for forming a preform having a powder filling rate of 0% by volume, a method of infiltrating a metal is described by using an Al-Si-Mg-based aluminum alloy containing 10 to 30% by weight of Si in a formed preform in a nitrogen atmosphere. A method for producing a metal-ceramic composite material in which the infiltration is performed at a temperature of 700 to 1000 ° C (claim 2). Thus 60-80
A preform having a powder filling rate of volume% is formed, and the preform contains Al to S containing 10 to 30% by weight of Si.
If an i-Mg based aluminum alloy is infiltrated, 5.0
A composite material having a coefficient of thermal expansion of × 10 −6 / ° C. or less can be produced. In addition, since the thermal expansion coefficient decreases as the filling rate of the SiC powder and the content of Si in the aluminum alloy increase, the proportion is appropriately adjusted.
Although narrow, the coefficient of thermal expansion can be accurately controlled.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の製造方法をさらに詳しく
述べると、先ずＳｉＣ粉末を用意する。用意した粉末を
用いて粉末充填率が６０〜８０体積％のプリフォームを
形成する。粉末充填率の制御は、ＳｉＣ粉末の平均粒径
と粒径分布を変えることによって制御できる。例えば、
粒径を小さくし、その分布を狭くすれば、充填率は低く
なるし、逆に粒径分布を広くし、その中の粗粒と粗粒と
の間の隙間により小さい粒径の粒子が入るように配合す
れば、充填率は高くなる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The production method of the present invention will be described in more detail. First, an SiC powder is prepared. A preform having a powder filling rate of 60 to 80% by volume is formed using the prepared powder. The control of the powder filling rate can be controlled by changing the average particle size and the particle size distribution of the SiC powder. For example,
If the particle size is reduced and its distribution is narrowed, the filling rate will be low, and conversely, the particle size distribution will be widened, and particles of smaller particle size will enter the gap between coarse particles in it. If it is blended in such a manner, the filling rate becomes high.
【００１７】成形方法は、６０〜８０ｖｏｌ％の粉末充
填率が得られ、亀裂や歪などの欠陥を生じなく、金属が
浸透を終了するまで形態を保っており、かつその浸透を
阻害しない方法であればどんな方法でもよく、例えば沈
降成形法、射出成形法、ＣＩＰ成形法などが挙げられ
る。成形したプリフォームの保形性を高め、ハンドリン
グをし易くするなどの理由でバインダーなどの適当な添
加剤を用いてもよい。その添加剤が有機物である場合
は、金属の浸透前に仮焼するなどで除去することができ
るが、無機物の場合には、このような方法で除去できな
く、製品中に残存するので、物性に悪影響を及ぼさない
ものを選択する必要がある。前記の成形法のうち多用さ
れる沈降成形法による成形を具体的に述べると、先ずセ
ラミックス粉末に水、バインダーなどを加え、これを混
合してスラリーを得る。得たスラリーを成形型に注入し
て振動を掛け、固形分を沈降させた後、冷凍して脱型
し、成形する。これを焼成してプリフォームを形成す
る。In the molding method, a powder filling rate of 60 to 80 vol% is obtained, defects such as cracks and strains are not generated, the shape is maintained until the metal has finished penetrating, and the permeation is not hindered. Any method may be used as long as the method includes a sedimentation molding method, an injection molding method, and a CIP molding method. An appropriate additive such as a binder may be used for the purpose of enhancing the shape retention of the molded preform and facilitating handling. If the additive is an organic substance, it can be removed by calcination before penetration of metal, but if it is an inorganic substance, it cannot be removed by such a method and remains in the product. Must be selected that do not adversely affect To describe concretely the forming by the sedimentation forming method which is frequently used among the above-mentioned forming methods, first, water, a binder and the like are added to a ceramic powder, and these are mixed to obtain a slurry. The obtained slurry is poured into a mold and vibrated to settle solids, then frozen, demolded and molded. This is fired to form a preform.
【００１８】次に、形成したプリフォームの上部または
下部にＳｉを１０〜３０重量％含むＡｌ−Ｓｉ−Ｍｇ系
のアルミニウム合金のインゴットを置き、窒素雰囲気中
で非加圧で７００〜１０００℃の温度で合金を浸透さ
せ、冷却して複合材料を作製する。金属の浸透にあたっ
てＭｇを含む含浸促進材を用いてもよいが、プリフォー
ムの形成を水を使わないで形成する場合には、ＳｉＣ粉
末にあらかじめ含ませ、その粉末でプリフォームを形成
してもよく、水を使ってプリフォームを形成する場合に
は、Ｍｇが水和して含浸促進効果を失うため、あらかじ
め混合しておくことはできないが、例えば、形成したプ
リフォームの表面に含浸促進材を振り撒き、その上にア
ルミニウム合金のインゴットを置くなどしてプリフォー
ムとアルミニウム合金との間に介在させておけばよい。
そのＭｇ源としては、Ｍｇ粉末をそのまま用いてもよい
が、貯蔵やハンドリングに問題がある場合には、それら
の問題のないＡｌ−６０ＭｇのようなＭｇ主体の合金粉
末を用いてもよい。Next, an Al-Si-Mg-based aluminum alloy ingot containing 10 to 30% by weight of Si is placed on the upper or lower part of the formed preform, and heated at 700 to 1000 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere without pressure. The alloy is infiltrated at a temperature and cooled to produce a composite material. An impregnation promoting material containing Mg may be used to infiltrate the metal. However, when the preform is formed without using water, the preform may be included in the SiC powder in advance, and the preform may be formed from the powder. Often, when a preform is formed using water, Mg cannot be mixed in advance because Mg is hydrated and loses the effect of promoting impregnation. May be sprinkled, and an aluminum alloy ingot may be placed thereon to intervene between the preform and the aluminum alloy.
As the Mg source, Mg powder may be used as it is, but if there is a problem in storage or handling, an alloy powder mainly composed of Mg such as Al-60Mg which does not have such a problem may be used.
【００１９】以上の方法で金属−セラミックス複合材料
を作製すれば、５．０×１０-6／℃以下の熱膨張率を有
する金属−セラミックス複合材料を得ることができる。When a metal-ceramic composite material is manufactured by the above method, a metal-ceramic composite material having a coefficient of thermal expansion of 5.0 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less can be obtained.
【００２０】[0020]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を比較例と共に具体的
に挙げ、本発明をより詳細に説明する。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples of the present invention and Comparative Examples.
【００２１】（実施例１〜８） （１）プリフォームの形成 強化材として平均粒径の異なる市販ＳｉＣ粉末を数種適
当量混合し、それにバインダーとしてコロイダルシリカ
液を１０重量部（シリカ分が２重量部となる量）添加
し、さらにそれにイオン交換水を２４重量部加え、媒体
を入れてないポットミルで１２時間混合した。(Examples 1 to 8) (1) Formation of preform Several suitable amounts of commercially available SiC powders having different average particle sizes were mixed as a reinforcing material, and 10 parts by weight of a colloidal silica liquid as a binder (silica content was 10% by weight). 2 parts by weight), and 24 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water was further added thereto, followed by mixing for 12 hours in a pot mill containing no medium.
【００２２】得られたスラリーを縦２００×横２００×
厚さ２０ｍｍの成形体が得られるシリコーンゴム型に流
し込んで沈降成形した後、その成形体を−３０℃に冷却
して冷凍し、脱型し、それを１０５０℃で３時間焼成し
て表１に示す粉末充填率を有するプリフォームを形成し
た。The resulting slurry is 200 × 200 ×
After casting into a silicone rubber mold from which a molded product having a thickness of 20 mm was obtained and subjected to sedimentation molding, the molded product was cooled to −30 ° C., frozen, demolded, and calcined at 1050 ° C. for 3 hours. A preform having the powder filling ratio shown in Table 1 was formed.
【００２３】（２）金属−セラミックス複合材料の作製 得られたプリフォームの上面に含浸促進材であるＡｌ−
６０Ｍｇ合金粉末を振り撒き、その上に表１に示す組成
のアルミニウム合金を載せ、それを電気炉にセットし、
窒素雰囲気中で８２５℃の温度で２４時間非加圧浸透さ
せた後、冷却して複合材料を作製した。(2) Preparation of Metal-Ceramic Composite Material On the upper surface of the obtained preform, Al-
Sprinkle 60Mg alloy powder, place an aluminum alloy having the composition shown in Table 1 on it, set it in an electric furnace,
After non-pressurized infiltration at a temperature of 825 ° C. for 24 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture was cooled to produce a composite material.
【００２４】（３）評価 得られた複合材料から試験片を切り出し、その熱膨張率
を室温〜５０℃の範囲でＪＩＳ Ｒ １６１８により測
定し、平均熱膨張率を求めた。その結果を表１に示す。(3) Evaluation A test piece was cut out from the obtained composite material, and its coefficient of thermal expansion was measured in the range of room temperature to 50 ° C. in accordance with JIS R 1618 to determine an average coefficient of thermal expansion. Table 1 shows the results.
【００２５】（比較例１、２）比較のために、比較例
１、２では、アルミニウム合金中のＳｉの含有率を本発
明の範囲外にした他は実施例１、５と同様にプリフォー
ムを形成し、複合材料を作製し、評価した。その結果も
表１に示す。(Comparative Examples 1 and 2) For comparison, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the preform was the same as in Examples 1 and 5, except that the content of Si in the aluminum alloy was outside the range of the present invention. Was formed, and a composite material was prepared and evaluated. Table 1 also shows the results.
【００２６】[0026]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２７】表１から明らかなように、実施例１〜８に
おいては、プリフォームの粉末充填率が本発明の範囲内
にあり、浸透させるアルミニウム合金も本発明の合金で
あるので、いずれも５．０×１０-6／℃以下の熱膨張率
であった。また、その熱膨張率は、ＳｉＣ粉末の充填率
とアルミニウム合金中のＳｉの含有率が大きくなるに従
い小さくなっていた。このことは、ＳｉＣ粉末の充填率
と浸透させるアルミニウム合金の組成を適切にすれば、
熱膨張率を５．０×１０-6／℃以下にすることができ、
しかもＳｉＣ粉末の充填率とアルミニウム合金中のＳｉ
の含有率とを適切に選ぶことにより、熱膨張率を狭い範
囲ではあるが精密に制御できることを示している。As is apparent from Table 1, in Examples 1 to 8, the powder filling rate of the preform was within the range of the present invention, and the aluminum alloy to be infiltrated was also the alloy of the present invention. The coefficient of thermal expansion was not more than 0.0 × 10 −6 / ° C. Further, the coefficient of thermal expansion decreased as the filling rate of SiC powder and the content of Si in the aluminum alloy increased. This is because if the filling rate of the SiC powder and the composition of the aluminum alloy to be infiltrated are appropriate,
The coefficient of thermal expansion can be reduced to 5.0 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less,
Moreover, the filling rate of SiC powder and Si in aluminum alloy
It is shown that the thermal expansion coefficient can be precisely controlled, though in a narrow range, by appropriately selecting the content ratio of.
【００２８】これに対して比較例１、２では、浸透させ
るアルミニウム合金中のＳｉの含有率が少なすぎたた
め、いずれも５．０×１０-6／℃以下の熱膨張率にする
ことができなかった。On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, since the content of Si in the aluminum alloy to be infiltrated was too small, the coefficient of thermal expansion was 5.0 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less. Did not.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上の通り、本発明の金属−セラミック
ス複合材料であれば、今までにない極めて低い熱膨張率
を有する複合材料とすることができ、しかもそれを極め
て容易に製造できるようになった。このことにより、大
型部材であっても、精度の良い加工や計測が容易にでき
るようになった。As described above, according to the metal-ceramic composite material of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a composite material having an extremely low coefficient of thermal expansion, which has never been achieved before, and to manufacture the composite material very easily. became. As a result, accurate processing and measurement can be easily performed even for a large member.
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 高橋 平四郎 千葉県松戸市松戸新田314−１ (72)発明者 樋口 毅 東京都東久留米市氷川台１−３−９ (72)発明者 小山 富和 東京都北区浮間１−３−１−805 Ｆターム(参考） 4K020 AA05 AA22 AC01 BA05 BB02 BB22 Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Heishiro Takahashi 314-1 Matsudo Nitta, Matsudo-shi, Chiba (72) Inventor Takeshi Higuchi 1-3-9 Hikawadai, Higashi-Kurume-shi, Tokyo (72) Inventor Tomiwa Koyama Tokyo 1-3-805, Ukima, Kita-ku F term (reference) 4K020 AA05 AA22 AC01 BA05 BB02 BB22
Claims (2)
てプリフォームを形成し、そのプリフォームに基材であ
る金属を浸透させた金属−セラミックス複合材料におい
て、該セラミックス粒子が、ＳｉＣ粉末であり、該プリ
フォームが、６０〜８０体積％の粉末充填率を有するプ
リフォームであり、該金属が、Ｓｉを１０〜３０重量％
含むＡｌ−Ｓｉ−Ｍｇ系のアルミニウム合金であり、該
複合材料が、室温から５０℃間において５．０×１０-6
／℃以下の平均熱膨張率を有する複合材料であることを
特徴とする金属−セラミックス複合材料。1. A metal-ceramic composite material in which a preform is formed by using ceramic fibers or particles as a reinforcing material and a metal as a base material is impregnated in the preform, wherein the ceramic particles are SiC powder; The preform is a preform having a powder filling rate of 60 to 80% by volume, and the metal contains Si in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight.
Al-Si-Mg based aluminum alloy, wherein the composite material is 5.0 × 10 −6 between room temperature and 50 ° C.
A composite material having an average coefficient of thermal expansion of not more than / ° C.
してプリフォームを形成し、そのプリフォームに基材で
ある金属を浸透させる金属−セラミックス複合材料の製
造方法において、該プリフォームの形成方法が、ＳｉＣ
粉末とバインダーとを混合し、それを成形し、得られた
成形体を焼成して６０〜８０体積％の粉末充填率を有す
るプリフォームを形成する方法であり、該金属の浸透方
法が、形成したプリフォームにＳｉを１０〜３０重量％
含むＡｌ−Ｓｉ−Ｍｇ系のアルミニウム合金を窒素雰囲
気中で７００〜１０００℃の温度で浸透させる方法であ
ることを特徴とする金属−セラミックス複合材料の製造
方法。2. A method for producing a metal-ceramic composite material in which a preform is formed by using ceramic fibers or particles as a reinforcing material and a metal as a base material is penetrated into the preform, wherein the method of forming the preform is SiC.
This is a method of mixing a powder and a binder, molding the mixture, and sintering the obtained molded body to form a preform having a powder filling ratio of 60 to 80% by volume. 10 to 30% by weight of Si
A method for producing a metal-ceramic composite material, characterized by infiltrating an Al-Si-Mg-based aluminum alloy at a temperature of 700 to 1000C in a nitrogen atmosphere.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22993898A JP2000054090A (en) | 1998-08-03 | 1998-08-03 | Metal-ceramics composite and its manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22993898A JP2000054090A (en) | 1998-08-03 | 1998-08-03 | Metal-ceramics composite and its manufacture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000054090A true JP2000054090A (en) | 2000-02-22 |
Family
ID=16900082
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22993898A Pending JP2000054090A (en) | 1998-08-03 | 1998-08-03 | Metal-ceramics composite and its manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000054090A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2405584A (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-09 | Advanced Ceramics Ltd | A hair iron |
| US8066016B2 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2011-11-29 | Braun Gmbh | Hair styling device |
| KR20130077494A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-09 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | Ceramic composites and method of fabricating the same |
-
1998
- 1998-08-03 JP JP22993898A patent/JP2000054090A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2405584A (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-09 | Advanced Ceramics Ltd | A hair iron |
| US8066016B2 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2011-11-29 | Braun Gmbh | Hair styling device |
| KR20130077494A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-09 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | Ceramic composites and method of fabricating the same |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP2921893B2 (en) | Method for producing composite article having complicated internal morphology | |
| US4657876A (en) | Composite by infiltration | |
| EP0192040B1 (en) | Fluoride infiltrated carbide or nitride composite | |
| DE2357217A1 (en) | DENSE SILICON CARBIDE CERAMICS AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION | |
| WO2019123223A1 (en) | Method of making a porous preform in silicon carbide with controlled porosity and silicon carbide porous preform | |
| JP2000054090A (en) | Metal-ceramics composite and its manufacture | |
| JPH11172348A (en) | Metal-ceramics composite and its production | |
| JP4220598B2 (en) | Method for producing metal / ceramic composite material for casting | |
| JP2002249832A (en) | Ceramics/metal composite material and its manufacturing method | |
| JPH11264032A (en) | Production of metal-ceramics composite material for casting | |
| JP4167318B2 (en) | Method for producing metal-ceramic composite material | |
| JPH11157965A (en) | Metal-ceramic composite material and its production | |
| JP4217279B2 (en) | Method for producing metal-ceramic composite material | |
| JPH1180860A (en) | Production of metal-ceramics composite material | |
| JP4053110B2 (en) | Metal-ceramic composite material | |
| JPH11228262A (en) | Metal-ceramic composite material and its production | |
| JP4279366B2 (en) | Method for producing metal-ceramic composite material | |
| JP3828622B2 (en) | Method for producing metal-ceramic composite material | |
| EP4656750A1 (en) | High-strength metal-matrix composite and method for producing high-strength metal-matrix composite | |
| JP2000087156A (en) | Metal-ceramic composite material for casting and its manufacture | |
| JP4279370B2 (en) | Method for producing metal-ceramic composite material | |
| JP2002249833A (en) | Ceramics/metal composite material and its manufacturing method | |
| JPH10219369A (en) | Composite material of ceramics and metal, and its production | |
| JP4183361B2 (en) | Method for producing metal-ceramic composite material | |
| JPH1143728A (en) | Production of metal-ceramics composite |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20050427 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20060802 |
|
| A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Effective date: 20060808 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A712 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20080422 |
|
| A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20080826 |