JP2000053962A - Granular material using soil as raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a granular material containing soil as a main component, having the properties of the soil, not converted into such a mud with rain water, or the like, as in the soil itself, and useful as a raw material having excellent load resistance. SOLUTION: This granular material using soil as a raw material is obtained by adding at least one of an ammonium salt and a sodium salt, a potassium salt, an iron compound, calcium nitrate or calcium chloride, and a magnesium salt to water to prepare a liquid agent containing various kinds of alkali ions and metal ions in large amounts, adding and kneading the liquid agent with a mixture of soil, a cement and water-granulated blast furnace slag, stirring the obtained wet mixture by the use of a table mixer to granulate the mixture, drying the obtained granules and subsequently aging the dried granules. Since having an ion-rich property, the liquid agent accelerates the coagulation of the mixed solid components and activates the coagulated mixture to produce the strong compact bound structures. The obtained granules are therefore not dispersed in rain water, of the like, and not converted into a mud, and have excellent load resistance.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a granulated material produced from a naturally occurring soil as a raw material, and more particularly, to a method of preparing a granulated material without losing the characteristics of the soil, without forming mud like soil, The present invention relates to a granulated material which is excellent in load resistance and can realize comfortable walking property by being laid on the ground surface, for example, and belongs to the technical field of a soil-containing mixture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in recent urban development type condominiums, it is common practice to landscaping the premises and arrange a meeting place, a children's playground, a community plaza for hobbies and leisure, and the like. Have been. Also at the individual level, so-called gardening using a garden of a detached house, a private garden of a first-floor residence of a condominium or a veranda is becoming popular, and at the same time, opportunities to come into contact with natural soil are increasing.

[0003] The ground surface as it is, of course, itself harmonizes with the surrounding natural environment and achieves a warm and comfortable texture and walkability. If they have such properties, they have further excellent water permeability and water retention, and have little reflection. However, on the other hand, for example, after raining or sprinkling, muddy soil is formed and the ground surface becomes muddy, making it difficult to walk, or the ground surface becomes loose and the soil is washed away. There are some defects.

[0004] JP-A-6-257103, JP-A-7-257103
JP-138905 and JP-A-8-128002 disclose various techniques for improving asphalt pavement and concrete pavement, and are capable of reusing earth removal generated from a construction site and withstanding heavy loads. A permeable pavement structure or a high-strength concrete pavement structure has been proposed.

[0005]

However, it is possible to produce a granular material which can be produced using soil as a raw material, does not become muddy like soil, and has excellent load-bearing properties while maintaining the characteristics of soil. There are no technical suggestions for offering.

[0006] If such a granulated material is provided, first, environmental destruction can be avoided. That is, since soil can be produced as a raw material, for example, waste soil and the like can be recycled, and there is no need to collect raw material from nature again. In addition, it can be treated in the same way as soil, is safe at the time of use and disposal, and does not cause environmental pollution.

[0007] Next, since the characteristics of the soil are not lost and can be used as they are, the comfortable texture and walking characteristics that match the nature,
Furthermore, excellent water permeability and water retention are realized, and the reflection is reduced as compared with general concrete pavement and the like.

In addition, since it does not become mud like soil, it is not muddy or loose by rainwater or the like.
Comfortable walking characteristics are always maintained, and there is no outflow.

Furthermore, since it is excellent in load resistance, it can be used not only in places where people do not walk, such as in gardens, but also in places where people walk, such as promenades, or places where vehicles and the like pass.

[0010] Since it is a granulated material, handling is easy. For example, at the time of laying, it is only necessary to sprinkle or lay it on the ground surface alone or by mixing it with other objects such as soil and gravel, and no special equipment or technology is required. Therefore, it can be provided not only for public facilities such as large-scale parks, but also for personal use such as maintenance and repair of gardens and passageways of ordinary houses. In addition, it has excellent transportability and storage properties, can be easily distributed, and can be generally sold as a product at retail stores and the like. Also in this case, it can be sold in various forms, such as bag sales and weigh sales.

[0011] In terms of applications, the above characteristics can be utilized to make it suitable for general landscaping, gardens, parks, plaza maintenance, gardening, etc., as well as for ornamental and decorative flowers whether indoors or outdoors. It can be used widely in various fields such as pots and planters. Also, since it is excellent in water retention and load resistance, it can be used as a soil improvement material to strengthen the ground by mixing with the excavated soil when backfilling fluidized excavated soil where water has oozed out. .

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the development of a granulated product having the above characteristics using soil as a raw material, and as a result, have completed the present invention.

[0013]

That is, according to the present invention, after mixing cement and granulated blast-furnace slag in a predetermined amount into soil, at least one of ammonium salt or sodium salt, potassium salt, iron compound,
This is a granulated product obtained by adding a predetermined amount of a solution obtained by adding calcium nitrate or calcium chloride and magnesium salts to water, kneading the mixture, granulating the mixture, and drying.

As described above, in the present invention, an ion-rich solution (hereinafter, referred to as "catalyst solution") prepared by adding various inorganic compounds to contain many alkali ions and metal ions is prepared. Formulated with soil, cement and granulated blast furnace slag. The present inventor has found that when the catalyst solution is mixed with soil, cement, and granulated blast furnace slag and cured, a structure having a high bonding strength, dense and strong, and dispersed in water, which does not re-soil can be obtained. .

[0015] This is because a large amount of ions present in the catalyst solution increases the electron concentration and activates the ionization reaction of inorganic components such as calcium silicate and silica. As a result of such catalytic action, Coagulation and hardening of soil, cement and granulated blast furnace slag are promoted, and in this case, an inorganic compound activated by a low ionization rate organic compound having a hydroxyl group or a carboxylic acid group that hinders coagulation and hardening. It is considered that the probability of participating in a rapid bonding reaction between ions is reduced, and the synergistic effect of these ions increases the bonding force between inorganic components.

Here, as the ammonium salts used for preparing the catalyst solution, for example, ammonium chloride or the like can be used, and one or more of these may be used in combination.

Further, as the sodium salts, for example,
Sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium nitrate and the like can be used, and one or more of these may be used in combination.

Further, as the potassium salts, for example,
Potassium carbonate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and the like can be used, and one or more of these may be used in combination.

On the other hand, as the iron compound, for example, + divalent iron compounds such as iron sulfate and the like can be used, and one or more of these may be used in combination.

As the magnesium salts, for example, magnesium chloride, magnesium silicate, magnesium sulfate and the like can be used, and one or more of these may be used in combination.

An example of a method for preparing the catalyst solution is as follows. First, 100 parts by weight of water from which calcium (chlorine) has been removed is mixed with 1 to 3 parts by weight of at least one of an ammonium salt and a sodium salt. 4 parts by weight of potassium salts are simultaneously added to water, for example, by premixing them. This is because simultaneous addition promotes ionization of these components and facilitates solution adjustment.

After the addition, the mixture is stirred for about 12 to 18 minutes and the water temperature is kept at 3 to 10 ° C. By keeping the water temperature within this temperature range, the catalysis of the adjusted catalyst solution can always be stably obtained.

Then, 3 to 10 parts by weight of an iron compound is added thereto, and the mixture is stirred for about 12 to 18 minutes. When the iron compound is added to water, the water temperature is kept at 3 to 10 ° C. for the same reason as described above.

Next, 70 to 150 parts by weight of calcium nitrate or calcium chloride is added and stirred for about 25 to 35 minutes.

At this time, other calcium salts such as calcium phosphate or calcium silicate may be used instead of calcium nitrate or calcium chloride.

Then, the obtained solution is further added to 10 to 15
While allowing the mixture to stand for a period of time and cooling the water temperature to 15 to 20 ° C, preferably 17 to 18 ° C, and then adding 3 to 7 parts by weight of magnesium salts, the catalyst solution used in the present invention is finally prepared. Will be obtained.

As a method for producing the granulated product of the present invention, first, cement and granulated blast furnace slag are mixed in soil, and a catalyst solution having the above composition is added thereto and kneaded to obtain a wet mixture. At this time, the mixing ratio of each component is, for example, 100 parts by weight of soil, 3 to 20 parts by weight of cement, 1-2 parts by weight of granulated blast furnace slag, and 0.2 to 0.7 parts by weight of the catalyst solution having the above composition. The content of the soil component in the dried granulated material after curing can be extremely high, such as 90% or more.

Then, the wet mixture is granulated by stirring and pulverizing using, for example, a table mixer or the like, and then dried and cured. In that case, the granulation operation is preferably performed while the wet mixture is in a wet state. This is because the solidification of the mixture proceeds with drying, and it is difficult to granulate the mixture into a desired shape and size.

The granulated material thus obtained has a high content of soil components, and the texture of natural soil remains, so that comfortable walking property is secured. In addition, good water permeability and water retention are maintained as they are due to the fine pore structure specific to the soil component, or there is little reflection and good heat absorption is utilized as it is. In such a state where the content of the soil component is high, a relatively small amount of cement or granulated blast furnace slag component relative to the soil component is solidified by the action of the catalyst solution to form a dense bonding structure. As a result, a sufficient load-bearing property that can withstand use as a ground surface and a property of not being re-soiled by rainwater or the like are realized.

In this case, the catalyst solution is not added to the mixture of soil, cement, and granulated blast furnace slag as a stock solution, but rather diluted with water before addition to obtain a more suitable wet mixture or dry mixture. A granulate is obtained. In particular, in the case of the catalyst solution having the above composition, the dilution ratio is 7-1.
It is preferably 5 times, and preferably diluted with water in such an amount that the soil content in the wet mixture after the addition of the catalyst solution is 70 to 80%.

The granulated material thus obtained uses natural soil as a raw material, and therefore does not cause environmental destruction to produce the granulated material. Then, it can be laid on the ground surface alone or with the soil, or can be laid alone or with the gravel or the like, and no special construction method or construction equipment is required. Therefore, it can be easily handled by ordinary consumers and the like, and can be suitably used for landscaping, repair, gardening, etc. of a dedicated portion or a common portion of a private house or condominium. As a result, the warmth of the texture remains as it is, the characteristics of the soil, which is excellent in water permeability and water retention, and there is little reflection, are utilized, and are finely dispersed, muddy, muddy, and spilled by rain or water sprinkling. A comfortable and comfortable ground surface is realized.

Further, since the cured product is a cured product after curing, it can be packaged in a bag or the like, has excellent transportability and storage properties, can be easily distributed, and can be normally sold at retail stores. Of course, it is also possible to carry out metered sales instead of bagged sales.

The granulated material according to the present invention can be widely used in parks and gardens, or its promenades or walking paths, floors of outdoor sports facilities, indoor and outdoor parking spaces, and the like. It can also be suitably used for indoor and outdoor decorative flower pots and planters. Furthermore, the granulated product according to the present invention is excellent in water absorbency and water retention, and excellent in load resistance, and is not easily deformed. Therefore, the excavated soil once dug can be mixed when backfilled.
The excavated soil once digged up has a large tendency for water to seep out and fluidize, and if it is buried as it is, dents may occur in the ground, but by mixing the granulated material according to the present invention, It absorbs water and makes the ground denser or stronger. The granulated product according to the present invention can be used as such a soil improving material.

Incidentally, the diameter of the granulated product according to the present invention depends on the application, but is generally about 1 mm to 30 mm. It is preferable to use a material having a coarse diameter under the condition of being exposed to wind and rain outdoors, but it may be fine when filling a flower pot or a planter or the like indoors.
Also, in the case of laying in a garden together with gravel or the like, it is better to make them the same size as the gravel in terms of appearance. of course,
Without being limited to these, it goes without saying that the composition of the catalyst solution, the mixing ratio of each compounding component, and the diameter of the granulated material can be appropriately changed depending on the desired functions and applications. In this case, generally, for example, when increasing the stirring speed of the table mixer or increasing the stirring time,
Many small diameters can be obtained. If the shapes cannot be made uniform only by stirring and pulverizing with a table mixer, the shapes may be made uniform during the wet state, or formed into a desired shape such as a more spherical or spindle shape. Further, a pigment may be blended for coloring or patterning the granulated material.

[0035]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.

Preparation of catalyst solution 12 g of sodium thiosulfate was added to 123 kg of industrial water and stirred for 10 minutes to remove calcium in the water. Next, while maintaining the water temperature at about 7 ° C., 1.7 kg of ammonium chloride and 2.9 kg of potassium carbonate were simultaneously added,
After stirring for 15 minutes, 5.6 kg of iron sulfate was added while the water temperature was kept at about 7 ° C., and the mixture was further stirred for 15 minutes. Further, 130 kg of calcium chloride was added to this solution, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Then, the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 12 hours. When the water temperature reached approximately 17 to 18 ° C., 6.1 kg of magnesium chloride was added to obtain a catalyst solution. Was.

Preparation of Granulated Product A granulated product was prepared by blending the above catalyst solution. That is, to the mixture of soil, ordinary Portland cement, granulated blast furnace slag, the catalyst solution was added and kneaded,
A wet mixture was obtained. Next, this was stirred and pulverized for about 5 minutes using a table mixer to obtain a substantially spherical granulated substance having an average diameter of about 15 mm. .6
9% (weight%, the same applies hereinafter), cement component 10.8%,
A granulated product according to the present invention having a content of 1.7% of a slag component, 0.51% of a catalyst solution component, and 1.3% of water was prepared.

Non-soiling test of granulated material 1 liter of tap water was placed in a beaker, 300 g of the above granulated material was put therein, stirred for 5 minutes, and then allowed to stand. The state of the granulated material and the turbidity of water were visually observed. Was observed. The granulate immediately settled without losing shape and accumulated at the bottom of the beaker. The supernatant maintained good transparency without coloring. After standing for 3 minutes, stirring again for 5 minutes and performing visual observation again 20 times, the result was the same. In addition, when the same test was performed as it was overnight, the results were the same.
No dispersion or mudification of the granulated material was observed.

Compressive strength test of granulated material From the granulated material, a cylindrical specimen having a diameter of about 5 mm and a length of about 8 mm was cut out, and both end faces of the specimen were capped with a gypsum-containing cement paste, and then fixed-speed universal. Testing machine (operating range: 10 kN, loading speed: 0.5 mm /
), A uniaxial gradually increasing compressive load was applied to determine the maximum load, and the compressive strength was calculated according to the equation shown in Equation 1. Table 1 shows the results.

[0040]

(Equation 1)

[0041]

[Table 1] The compressive strength of this specimen having a soil component of about 85% is 11.5 N / mm ² (117 kgf / cm ² ) on average,
In addition to general pedestrian roads, it has load-bearing properties applicable to vehicle traffic roads, and if it is laid on promenades, etc.
The cement component can be further reduced to about 3 to 5%.

Water Permeability Test of Granulated Material From the above granulated material, a columnar specimen having the dimensions shown in Table 2 was prepared, and a water-permeable cylinder having an inner diameter of 10.00 cm and a length of 12.73 cm according to JIS A 1218 and JSF T 311. Was used to perform a water permeability test using tap water, and the water permeability at 22 ° C. and 15 ° C. was calculated according to the equations shown in Equations 2 and 3, respectively. As shown in Table 3 for each hydraulic conductivity,
The granulated product obtained in the present invention has good water permeability.

[0043]

[Table 2]

[0044]

(Equation 2)

[0045]

(Equation 3)

[0046]

[Table 3] In the above embodiment, the wet granulated material is cured by natural drying. Alternatively, the accelerated curing may be performed in a shorter time by using an autoclave.

[0047]

As described above, the granulated product of the present invention can be produced using natural soil as a main raw material, thereby suppressing environmental destruction, and because it is a granulated product, it is easy to lay and has the characteristics of soil. Therefore, it is in harmony with the surrounding nature and green, and is excellent in water permeability, water retention and heat absorption. Furthermore, since it does not become muddy and is excellent in load resistance, it can be used for providing a comfortable ground surface. The granulated product of the present invention is excellent in distribution, can be sold in various forms, and can be suitably used for gardens, parks, open spaces, gardening, soil improvement materials and the like, regardless of the scale.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page F term (reference) 4G069 AA09 BB08A BB08B BB10B BB12A BB12B BC02A BC02B BC03A BC03B BC09A BC09B BC10A BC10B BC66A BC66B BD06A BD06B BD12A BD12B CD10 EA02X EA02 CA01 CB02 FB02 CB

Claims (3)

[Claims] After mixing cement and granulated blast-furnace slag in a predetermined amount, respectively, the soil is mixed with at least one of ammonium salts or sodium salts, potassium salts, iron compounds, calcium nitrate or calcium chloride, and magnesium salts. A granulated product using soil as a raw material, comprising adding a predetermined amount of a solution obtained by adding water to water, kneading the mixture, granulating the mixture, and drying the mixture. 2. After mixing predetermined amounts of cement and granulated blast furnace slag into soil, 1-3 parts by weight of at least one of ammonium salts or sodium salts and 1-4 parts by weight of potassium salts in 100 parts by weight of water. Parts by weight, 3 to 10 parts by weight of an iron compound, 70 to 150 parts by weight of calcium nitrate or calcium chloride, and 3 parts by weight of magnesium salts.
A granulated product using soil as a raw material, characterized in that a predetermined amount of a solution obtained by adding about 7 parts by weight is added to the mixture, kneaded, granulated, and dried. 3. Cement is added to 100 parts by weight of soil in 3 to 3 parts by weight.
20 parts by weight, and after mixing 1 to 2 parts by weight of granulated blast furnace slag, 1 to 3 parts by weight of at least one of ammonium salts or sodium salts in 100 parts by weight of water, 1 to 4 parts by weight of potassium salts, 3 to 10 parts by weight of an iron compound,
A solution obtained by adding 70 to 150 parts by weight of calcium nitrate or calcium chloride and 3 to 7 parts by weight of magnesium salts is added to the above mixture at 0.2 to 0.7 parts by weight, kneaded, and granulated. A granulated product made from soil characterized by being dried.