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ITPN20090047A1 - MEASURING SYSTEMS FOR DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYZERS FOR LOW VISCOSITY MATERIALS - Google Patents

MEASURING SYSTEMS FOR DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYZERS FOR LOW VISCOSITY MATERIALS Download PDF

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Publication number
ITPN20090047A1
ITPN20090047A1 IT000047A ITPN20090047A ITPN20090047A1 IT PN20090047 A1 ITPN20090047 A1 IT PN20090047A1 IT 000047 A IT000047 A IT 000047A IT PN20090047 A ITPN20090047 A IT PN20090047A IT PN20090047 A1 ITPN20090047 A1 IT PN20090047A1
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Prior art keywords
analyzed
dynamic mechanical
low viscosity
instrument
support
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IT000047A
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Italian (it)
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Re Andrea Da
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Re Andrea Da
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N11/00Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
    • G01N11/10Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
    • G01N11/16Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by measuring damping effect upon oscillatory body
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0092Visco-elasticity, solidification, curing, cross-linking degree, vulcanisation or strength properties of semi-solid materials
    • G01N2203/0094Visco-elasticity

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

TITOLO: Sistema di misura di analizzatori dinamico meccanici per materiali a bassa viscosi TITLE: Measurement system of dynamic mechanical analyzers for low viscous materials

DESCRIZIONE (1/3) DESCRIPTION (1/3)

L’analisi dinamico-meccanica è una tecnica usata per lo studio e la caratterizzazione delle proprietà dei materiali, solitamente polimerici. Essa rappresenta uno dei metodi più efficienti e pratici per la ricerca delle relazioni fia la struttura dei materiali e il loro comportamento. L’analisi dinamico-meccanica (disegno 1; schematizzazione di un analizzatore dinamico meccanico) consiste nell’applicare una sollecitazione (disegno 1A), di solito di andamento sinusoidale, su di un provino e nel misurare il relativo spostamento (e viceversa). Dall’ampiezza della risposta (disegno 1B) viene ricavata la rigidezza del materiale, mentre dallo sfasamento tra sollecitazione e spostamento si ricavano le proprietà di smorzamento. Variando la temperatura o la frequenza della forza applicata, è possibile ottenere una gran varietà di dati, che permettono di caratterizzare il materiale. Tali dati possono essere direttamente utilizzati per calcoli ingegneristici e applicazioni tecnologiche. Dynamic-mechanical analysis is a technique used for the study and characterization of the properties of materials, usually polymeric. It represents one of the most efficient and practical methods for finding relationships between the structure of materials and their behavior. The dynamic-mechanical analysis (drawing 1; schematic of a dynamic mechanical analyzer) consists in applying a stress (drawing 1A), usually with a sinusoidal trend, on a specimen and measuring its displacement (and vice versa). The stiffness of the material is derived from the amplitude of the response (drawing 1B), while the damping properties are derived from the displacement between stress and displacement. By varying the temperature or the frequency of the applied force, it is possible to obtain a large variety of data, which allow to characterize the material. Such data can be directly used for engineering calculations and technological applications.

Attualmente per analizzare i materiali poco viscosi si applica una sollecitazione di compressione, attraverso una sonda del dispositivo di misura (disegno 2B; i disegni rappresentano una schematizzazione in sezione del sistema di misura (disegno 1C) utilizzato negli analizzatori dinamico-meccanici) sul materiale (disegno 2A) posto in una coppa (disegno 2C). Currently, to analyze low viscous materials, a compressive stress is applied, through a probe of the measuring device (drawing 2B; the drawings represent a sectional schematic of the measuring system (drawing 1C) used in dynamic-mechanical analyzers) on the material ( drawing 2A) placed in a cup (drawing 2C).

Nel caso che la viscosità del materiale da analizzare sia troppo bassa, l’analizzatore non può funzionare correttamente in quanto il materiale non è in grado di reggere la sollecitazione imposta dallo strumento. In the event that the viscosity of the material to be analyzed is too low, the analyzer cannot function properly as the material is unable to withstand the stress imposed by the instrument.

Quando il materiale da analizzare (disegno 3A) è a bassa viscosità (per esempio nei materiali termofondenti all’ aumentare della temperatura) la sonda (disegno 3B) scende fino a raggiungere il fondo della coppa (disegno 3C), impedendo un’analisi corretta. When the material to be analyzed (drawing 3A) is of low viscosity (for example in hot melt materials when the temperature rises) the probe (drawing 3B) descends until it reaches the bottom of the cup (drawing 3C), preventing a correct analysis.

E’ possibile superare tale inconveniente modificando il dispositivo di misura dello strumento. Partendo dal presupposto che il comportamento di ogni materiale può essere fisicamente schematizzato come un sistema molla-smorzatore (disegno 4), si pone un materiale di supporto (disegno 4A), in grado di reggere in ogni istante alla sollecitazione data dallo strumento, in modo che agisca, congiuntamente al materiale da analizzare, sulla sonda del dispositivo di misura, come forza distribuita, parallelamente alla sollecitazione imposta dallo strumento sul materiale da analizzare (disegno 4B), e quindi aiutando il materiale da analizzare a sostenere le sollecitazioni date dallo strumento. Il materiale di supporto mantiene, quasi inalterate, le proprie caratteristiche meccaniche, fornendo un supporto elastico alla sonda anche quando il materiale da analizzare ha bassa viscosità. It is possible to overcome this problem by modifying the measuring device of the instrument. Starting from the assumption that the behavior of each material can be physically schematized as a spring-damper system (drawing 4), a support material is set up (drawing 4A), able to withstand the stress given by the instrument at all times, so which acts, together with the material to be analyzed, on the probe of the measuring device, as a distributed force, parallel to the stress imposed by the instrument on the material to be analyzed (drawing 4B), and therefore helping the material to be analyzed to support the stresses given by the instrument. The support material maintains its mechanical characteristics almost unaltered, providing an elastic support to the probe even when the material to be analyzed has low viscosity.

TITOLO: Sistema di misura di analizzatori dinamico meccanici per materiali a bassa viscosi TITLE: Measurement system of dynamic mechanical analyzers for low viscous materials

DESCRIZIONE (2/3) DESCRIPTION (2/3)

Per trovare le caratteristiche fisiche del materiale da analizzare basterà sottrarre alle caratteristiche fisiche (ottenute nell’analisi) del sistema, composto da materiale di supporto e materiale da analizzare, le caratteristiche fisiche del solo materiale di supporto (conosciute o analizzate testando singolarmente il solo materiale di supporto). To find the physical characteristics of the material to be analyzed, it will be sufficient to subtract from the physical characteristics (obtained in the analysis) of the system, composed of support material and material to be analyzed, the physical characteristics of the support material only (known or analyzed by testing the material alone support).

Infatti, essendo in parallelo, vale la legge: In fact, being in parallel, the law applies:

Modulo del sistema formato dal materiale da analizzare più materiale di supporto = Modulo del materiale da analizzare Modulo del materiale di supporto (sia per il modulo elastico che per quello viscoso (il modulo viscoso o di perdita rappresenta lo smorzamento)) Modulus of the system formed by the material to be analyzed plus support material = Modulus of the material to be analyzed Modulus of the support material (for both elastic and viscous modulus (the viscous or loss modulus represents damping))

Risulta quindi: (conoscendo, con due analisi distinte, le caratteristiche del sistema formato dal materiale da analizzare più materiale di supporto e le caratteristiche del materiale di supporto) Therefore: (knowing, with two distinct analyzes, the characteristics of the system formed by the material to be analyzed plus support material and the characteristics of the support material)

Modulo elastico del materiale da analizzare = Modulo elastico del sistema formato dal materiale da analizzare più materiale di supporto - Modulo elastico del materiale di supporto Elastic modulus of the material to be analyzed = Elastic modulus of the system formed by the material to be analyzed plus support material - Elastic modulus of the support material

Modulo viscoso del materiale da analizzare = Modulo viscoso del sistema formato dal materiale da analizzare più materiale di supporto - Modulo viscoso del materiale di supporto Viscous modulus of the material to be analyzed = Viscous modulus of the system formed by the material to be analyzed plus support material - Viscous modulus of the support material

Esempio Example

Se si vuole analizzare, per esempio, un materiale termofondente a temperature superiori alla temperatura di rammollimento ed evitare i problemi di affondamento della sonda dello strumento, basterà aggiungere una molla d’acciaio che agisca sulla sonda come forza parallela, (disegno 5) If you want to analyze, for example, a hot melt material at temperatures higher than the softening temperature and avoid the sinking problems of the instrument probe, just add a steel spring that acts on the probe as a parallel force, (drawing 5)

La molla (disegno 5D) mantiene sempre le proprie caratteristiche fisiche quasi inalterate anche ad elevate temperature, fornendo un supporto elastico alla sonda (disegno 5B) anche quando il materiale termofondente (disegno 5A) ha la consistenza di un fluido a bassa viscosità. The spring (design 5D) always maintains its physical characteristics almost unchanged even at high temperatures, providing an elastic support to the probe (design 5B) even when the hot melt material (design 5A) has the consistency of a low viscosity fluid.

TITOLO: Sistema di misura di analizzatori dinamico meccanici per materiali a bassa viscosi TITLE: Measurement system of dynamic mechanical analyzers for low viscous materials

DESCRIZIONE (3/3) DESCRIPTION (3/3)

Per esempio, si procederà prima con Panalizzare (tramite una scansione con aumento della temperatura) le caratteristiche della molla senza inserire il termofondente, poi si fonderà e raffredderà il termofondente nella coppa, si regolerà l’altezza della sonda fino ad appoggiarsi sul termofondente (si potrà fare questo regolando la corsa della molla sulla sonda senza modificare la lunghezza della molla, e quindi non modificando le caratteristiche della molla), ed in fine si farà l’analisi delle caratteristiche del sistema molla più materiale termofondente (sempre tramite una scansione con aumento della temperatura). For example, we will first proceed with Panalize (by scanning with temperature increase) the characteristics of the spring without inserting the hot melt, then melt and cool the hot melt in the cup, adjust the height of the probe until it rests on the hot melt (yes will be able to do this by adjusting the stroke of the spring on the probe without changing the length of the spring, and therefore not modifying the characteristics of the spring), and finally the characteristics of the spring system plus heat-melting material will be analyzed (always through a scan with increase temperature).

Per trovare le caratteristiche del materiale termofondente basterà sottrarre alle caratteristiche fisiche del sistema molla e materiale termofondente le caratteristiche fisiche della stessa molla. To find the characteristics of the hot-melt material, it will be sufficient to subtract the physical characteristics of the same spring from the physical characteristics of the spring and hot-melt material system.

Claims (1)

TITOLO: Sistema di misura di analizzatori dinamico meccanici per materiali a bassa viscosità RIVENDICAZIONI 1. Sistema di misura per analizzatori dinamico meccanici da utilizzare per analizzare materiali che non reggono la sollecitazione imposta dallo strumento. Per consentire al materiale da analizzare a sostenere la sollecitazione imposta dallo strumento si pone un materiale di supporto in grado di reggere alla sollecitazione imposta dallo strumento in modo che agisca, congiuntamente al materiale da analizzare, sul dispositivo di misura parallelamente alla sollecitazione imposta dallo strumento sul materiale da analizzare. Per trovare le caratteristiche fisiche del materiale da analizzare basterà sottrarre alle caratteristiche fisiche del sistema, composto da materiale di supporto e materiale da analizzare, le caratteristiche fisiche del solo materiale di supporto.TITLE: Measurement system of dynamic mechanical analyzers for low viscosity materials CLAIMS 1. Measurement system for dynamic mechanical analyzers to be used to analyze materials that do not withstand the stress imposed by the instrument. To allow the material to be analyzed to support the stress imposed by the instrument, a support material is placed that can withstand the stress imposed by the instrument so that it acts, together with the material to be analyzed, on the measuring device in parallel to the stress imposed by the instrument on the material to be analyzed. To find the physical characteristics of the material to be analyzed, it will be sufficient to subtract from the physical characteristics of the system, composed of support material and material to be analyzed, the physical characteristics of the support material only.
IT000047A 2009-09-02 2009-09-02 MEASURING SYSTEMS FOR DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYZERS FOR LOW VISCOSITY MATERIALS ITPN20090047A1 (en)

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Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB751958A (en) * 1952-12-12 1956-07-04 Nat Res Dev Improvements relating to viscosity measurements
FR2376409A1 (en) * 1976-12-30 1978-07-28 Agronomique Inst Nat Rech Determining viscoelastic properties and hence quality of food prod. - with automatic appts. relating elapsed time to loading and thickness of sample
US4341111A (en) * 1979-03-05 1982-07-27 Fresenius Ag Process and apparatus for determining the visco elastic characteristics of fluids
JPS5915837A (en) * 1982-07-16 1984-01-26 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Viscosity measuring apparatus for high temperature fluid
JPS59228146A (en) * 1983-06-10 1984-12-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Viscosity measuring apparatus
US4542645A (en) * 1983-09-01 1985-09-24 Utah State University Foundation Apparatus and methods for measuring milk coagulation time and rigidity in the manufacture of fermented dairy products
US4602501A (en) * 1983-05-31 1986-07-29 Keisuke Hirata Rheometer
DE4040786A1 (en) * 1990-12-15 1992-06-17 Matthias Dr Gratz Viscoelastic qualities measuring equipment for temperable surface - applies static and dynamic force and path measurer to rearward extension of probe tip at front end of driven stamp
US5209566A (en) * 1991-03-28 1993-05-11 Shimadzu Corporation Dynamic thermomechanical analyzer
DE10162838A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-07-03 Wolfgang Pechhold Piezo-electrical axial vibrator for measurement of the viscoelasticity of low viscosity liquids comprises plates between which the fluid is subjected to squeeze flow and then measured by vibration of one of the plates
US20040134263A1 (en) * 2002-12-25 2004-07-15 Akashi Corporation Hardness testing apparatus
US20050085728A1 (en) * 2003-10-20 2005-04-21 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology Apparatus and program for estimating viscoelasticity of soft tissue using ultrasound
US20050267695A1 (en) * 2004-03-29 2005-12-01 Peter German Systems and methods to determine elastic properties of materials

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB751958A (en) * 1952-12-12 1956-07-04 Nat Res Dev Improvements relating to viscosity measurements
FR2376409A1 (en) * 1976-12-30 1978-07-28 Agronomique Inst Nat Rech Determining viscoelastic properties and hence quality of food prod. - with automatic appts. relating elapsed time to loading and thickness of sample
US4341111A (en) * 1979-03-05 1982-07-27 Fresenius Ag Process and apparatus for determining the visco elastic characteristics of fluids
JPS5915837A (en) * 1982-07-16 1984-01-26 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Viscosity measuring apparatus for high temperature fluid
US4602501A (en) * 1983-05-31 1986-07-29 Keisuke Hirata Rheometer
JPS59228146A (en) * 1983-06-10 1984-12-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Viscosity measuring apparatus
US4542645A (en) * 1983-09-01 1985-09-24 Utah State University Foundation Apparatus and methods for measuring milk coagulation time and rigidity in the manufacture of fermented dairy products
DE4040786A1 (en) * 1990-12-15 1992-06-17 Matthias Dr Gratz Viscoelastic qualities measuring equipment for temperable surface - applies static and dynamic force and path measurer to rearward extension of probe tip at front end of driven stamp
US5209566A (en) * 1991-03-28 1993-05-11 Shimadzu Corporation Dynamic thermomechanical analyzer
DE10162838A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-07-03 Wolfgang Pechhold Piezo-electrical axial vibrator for measurement of the viscoelasticity of low viscosity liquids comprises plates between which the fluid is subjected to squeeze flow and then measured by vibration of one of the plates
US20040134263A1 (en) * 2002-12-25 2004-07-15 Akashi Corporation Hardness testing apparatus
US20050085728A1 (en) * 2003-10-20 2005-04-21 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology Apparatus and program for estimating viscoelasticity of soft tissue using ultrasound
US20050267695A1 (en) * 2004-03-29 2005-12-01 Peter German Systems and methods to determine elastic properties of materials

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