ITMI940268A1 - SYSTEM TO GENERATE HEAT BY ELECTRIC CURRENT WITH LARGE EXTENSION MICROMETRIC THICKNESS CONDUCTORS - Google Patents

Abstract

System for generating heat by converting electrical energy into thermal energy by passing electrical current through conductive bodies with high conductivity, with a thickness of the order of microns with a considerable ratio between the width of the section and this thickness, arranged on their supports, plate giving rise to heating and at the same time diffusing emitting surfaces.

Description

System to generate heat by electric current with conductive bodies with micrometric thickness and large extension

The systems for generating heat using electric current are innumerable

Such systems, as is known, are based on the use of materials with high resistivity, which, when the electric current passes, assume very high temperatures with a very high concentration of heat.

These temperatures are almost always considerably higher than those required in rooms, ovens, stoves and other uses.

It is therefore necessary to spread the calories in the uses themselves with even very high temperature jumps, using special complex and expensive diffusers.

The high temperatures of the conductors require special support means made of special materials such as ceramic and the like, difficult to construct, brittle and complex insulation and coating structures.

The high temperatures rapidly make such structures obsolete while the efficiency compared with the direct utilization of the energy obtained by fuel is very low.

All this, also taking into account the considerable cost of high resistivity materials, determines considerable purchase, installation and operating costs.

The object of the present invention is to obtain a system which allows to transform electrical energy into heat with simple and functional structures and lower costs both for manufacturing and for operation, as will be illustrated hereinafter.

The system object of the invention is based on the use of conductive bodies with a minimum thickness, of the order of microns compatible with their formation and with the resistance to stresses during use and with a considerable ratio between the width of the section and this thickness. .

These conducting bodies are arranged on their supports, flat and with side-by-side but mutually insulated portions so as to obtain almost continuous emitting surfaces.

These conducting bodies are made of highly conductive material such as copper, aluminum.

The length is set according to the desired temperature and heat concentration or diffusion.

The intensity of the mains current can be increased, by means of transformers, to increase the amount of heat generated.

It is clear that with this system, due to the minimum thickness of the conductors and the consequent large extension of the heat source, the same also assumes the characteristics of a diffuser and a drastic reduction of the thermal difference is obtained with respect to the temperature required in use. .

Depending on the case, the conducting bodies can be sheets, tapes and the like or layers obtained by electrodeposition or similar processes.

Advantageously, the conducting bodies are arranged on the support means, in a serpentine or spiral form.

The serpentine can be obtained by means of a sheet with parallel cuts alternately extending to one and the other of two opposite edges.

The spiral can be circular, square, rectangular or of other shapes.

The conducting bodies can have a constant or different cross section along their development according to the quantity of heat and the temperature value to be reached in the various sections. The dimensional variations can be gradual or in jumps, continuous or discontinuous according to the cases and preferences.

The conducting bodies can be powered by electric current both in end zones and in intermediate zones.

The values of the current that feeds the end and intermediate zones can be the same or different.

The variations in the values can be gradual or in jumps, continuous or discontinuous according to the cases and preferences.

Countless applications can be carried out with this system.

The emitting surfaces can be arranged around-I. closed spaces where temperatures higher than the ambient temperature must be reached to obtain physical or chemical transformations of materials, giving rise to static ovens In tunnel, ring, and similar appliances or systems ^ in systems in general where material to be cooked or treated is passed slowly, such as impregnating machines, such emitting surfaces can create the most suitable thermal radiations with optimal displacements and intensity.

The emitting surfaces can be arranged in correspondence with the internal walls, even at the bottom, of basins, tanks and the like where fluid materials are poured to obtain physical or chemical transformations such as galvanic baths, or placed in correspondence with the flat areas of the surface. several devices in general intended to radiate heat such as stoves and the like or inside vehicles with arrangement in correspondence with the sides or the floor or the roof or walls in general.

It is possible to obtain cooking or physical or chemical transformations of various material foods by arranging or creating said emitting surfaces on the internal walls and on the bottom of pots, pans, pans of suitable containers in general. By associating the emitting surfaces with panels and the like, fixed or mobile radiators, stoves and the like can be created for heating rooms in general.

The advantages of the invention are evident.

This system allows the creation of heat generators useful especially in all cases, which are the most numerous, in which high concentrations of heat are not required such as the environments in which one lives or works; in heating or cooking food, in many industrial processes.

The heating starts almost instantly and the surfaces obtained with the system in question emit heat evenly.

The cost of the heating elements is much lower than the current ones.

The currently essential heat diffuser is not required since the same body acts as a heater, emitter, diffuser.

Easy formation of the heat source both in the case of sheets or tapes and of electrodeposition.

Heating bodies also in direct contact with the structures to be heated and therefore without thermal chain.

In the types which use transformed current with an increase in the intensity, the decrease in voltage gives rise to greater safety in the uses.

The characteristics and purposes of the invention will become even clearer from the following embodiment examples, accompanied by schematic figures.

Examples of implementation '

Fig. 1) Wall mounted radiator

Fig. 2) Static oven

Fig. 3) Cooker

Fig. 4) Tunnel oven for impregnating machines

Fig. 5) Tank for galvanic bath

Fig. 6) Heating for motor vehicles

Fig. 7) Heated tank

Fig. 8) Heating of an environment

Fig. 9) Heating element

The radiator 10 comprises an insulating foil 11 on which a very thin ribbon, in the order of microns of copper, lies flat in the form of a coil 12 supported by a frame 15 of any material.

The end 16 of the coil is connected to terminal 19 while the other end 17 leads through a connector 18 to the second terminal 20 for connection to the network.

These terminals are connected, by means of the cord 21 ^ to the plug 22.

An anodized aluminum sheet 13 is applied to the coil 12.

This radiator is applied directly to the wall 24 of the room 25.

As is clear, the apparatus is very simple.

The broadcaster given its meager thickness and the large

Extension ensures an almost immediate and direct transfer of heat to the environment without the need for high thermal resistance supports such as ceramic and the like and without the need for diffusers.

The thickness and weight of the appliance are almost irrelevant.

the frame and the cover in anodized aluminum are not necessary since, in the limit, the insulating support foil would suffice.

The maximum temperature can remain low and slightly above the ambient one.

All this ensures very high yields and the widest adaptability to environments and furnishings.

The parallelepiped static oven 30 has within the walls 31 emitting surfaces 32-34 obtained with the coil of the type already described in the previous example or other equivalent means.

The electric current generator 35 is connected by conductors 36 and 37 to terminals 38, 39.

The cooking hob 40 has a plate with the stove 41 obtained with an emitter 42 of the type object of the system.

The mains electric current is transmitted to the stove 41 by means of the transformer 45 which increases its intensity giving rise to a greater quantity of color.

From the transformer the conductors 46,47 lead to terminals 48, 49.

The boiler 43 receives the amount of heat uniformly and directly.

The impregnator 50 includes the tunnel 51.

The emitting surfaces 54 and 55 are arranged on the refractory walls 52 and 53, which radiate the heat directly onto the two faces of the belt 56 which slides slowly between the reels 57 and 58 dragged by the pair 59 of rolls.

Such emitting surfaces 54 and 55 are connected by conductor pairs 60-61 and 62--63 respectively to the current generators 64e-65.

The tank 70 has walls 71 in refractory.

The electroplated copper layer 72 is arranged on the internal walls.

In the tank there is liquid 75 with chemical products suitable for operations that go under the name of galvanic bath.

This copper layer is connected by means of terminals 76 and 77 and conductors 78, 79 (to the electric current generator 80.

In the motor vehicle 81, uniform and comfortable heating is obtained by means of the emitting surfaces 82 located on the inner walls of the doors 83.

These emitting surfaces are connected to the generator 84 installed in the engine compartment 85 by means of the terminals 86 and 87 and the conductors 88 and 89.

The tank 90 has cylindrical walls 91 in refractory material inside which the cylindrical emitting surface 92 is inserted, to whose lower ends the clamps 92 and 93 are fixed.

The conductors 94, 95 which connect them to the mains current transformer 96 lead to these terminals.

With this transformer the amount of heat is increased by increasing the intensity of the current.

In the room 100 ^ under the window 101, a. radiator 102 illustrated more in figure 9). The mains power supply is transmitted to the radiator through the transformer 103 due to the increase in its intensity.

Through the terminals 104, 105 and the conductors 106, 107 the transformed current is sent to the two ends of the conductive sheet 107 of aluminum which covers the two faces of the insulating plate 108.

Since the invention in question has been described and represented only by way of indicative and non-limiting example and for the demonstration of its essential characteristics, it is understood that it may undergo numerous variations according to industrial, commercial and other needs, as well as include other systems and means, all without leaving its scope.

Therefore, it must be understood that any equivalent application of the concepts and any equivalent product implemented and / or operating according to one or more any of the characteristics indicated in the following claims must be included in the private application.

Claims (3)

R I V E N D I C A C IO N I 1) System for generating heat by converting electrical energy into thermal energy by passing electric current through one or more conducting bodies ^ characterized by the fact that these conducting bodies have a minimum thickness ^ of the order of microns ^ compatible with their formation and with the resistance to stresses during use and a considerable ratio between the width of the section and this thickness. 2) System as per claim 1), characterized in that the conducting bodies are placed flat on their supports but mutually insulated so as to obtain almost continuous emitting surfaces. 3) System as in claim 1), characterized in that the conducting bodies are of high conductivity material such as copper and aluminum. 4) system as in claim 1), characterized in that the intensity of the mains electricity is increased by means of transformers. 5) System as in claim 1), characterized in that the conducting bodies are laminar. .6) System as in claim 1), characterized in that the conducting bodies are films obtained with electrodeposition or similar processes. '7) System as per claim 1), characterized in that the conducting bodies are arranged in a serpentine. 8) System as per claim 7), characterized in that the coil is obtained by means of a sheet with parallel cuts alternately extended to the use and to the other of two opposite edges. 9) System as per claim 1), characterized in that the conducting bodies are arranged in a circular, square or rectangular spiral or in another shape. 10) Heat generators obtained by converting electrical energy into thermal energy by passing electric current through one or more conducting bodies characterized by what such conducting bodies have a minimum thickness, of the order of microns, compatible with their formation and with the resistance to stresses during use and a considerable ratio between the width of the section and this thickness being possible, by arranging such bodies. on their supports flat and with side-by-side sections to obtain almost continuous emitting surfaces. 11) Generators as per claim 10> characterized by the fact that the emitting surfaces are arranged around closed spaces where temperatures higher than the ambient one must be reached to obtain physical or chemical transformations of materials, giving rise to static ovens. 12) Generators as per claim 10, characterized by the fact that the emitting surfaces are arranged in tunnel, ring and similar apparatus or systems around the spaces where material to be cooked slowly passes, to be treated in general, such as impregnators and other. 13 Generators as in claim 10, characterized in that the emitting surfaces are arranged in correspondence with the internal walls, including the bottom, of tanks, reservoirs and the like where fluid materials are poured to obtain physical or chemical transformations such as galvanic baths. Ί4) Generators as in claim 10, characterized in that the emitting surfaces are arranged in correspondence with the flat areas of appliances, devices generally intended to radiate heat such as stoves and the like. 15) Generators as per claim 10, characterized by the fact that the emitting surfaces are arranged in correspondence with areas of vehicles suitable for radiating heat inside them such as sides, floors, roof, walls in general. 1 6)! Generators as per claim 1 0, characterized by what the emitting surfaces (with possible association with panels and the like) create radiators, stoves and the like, fixed or mobile for heating environments in general. 17) Generators as per claim 10), characterized by that the emitting surfaces are arranged or created in correspondence with the internal surfaces of pots, pans, pans and the like of containers in general for cooking and for physical or chemical transformations of materials. 18) Generators as per claim 1), characterized by what the conducting bodies have along their development constant or different cross-section depending on the amount of heat and the temperature value to be reached in the various sections being the dimensional variations gradual or in jumps, continuous or discontinuous depending on the cases and preferences. 19) Generators as in claim 1), characterized by the fact that the conducting bodies are powered by the electric current both in the end zones and in intermediate zones, being the values of the current that feeds the end zones and the intermediate zones of equal and different being the variations in the values / g or in jumps, continuous or discontinuous depending on the case