IT202300007401A1 - INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER - Google Patents

Description

INDUSTRIAL INVENTION TITLE:

INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER

DESCRIPTION

a. TECHNICAL SECTOR

The present invention relates to a device for producing sound and listening to music.

b. STATE OF THE ART

As is well known, nowadays, in the field of audio production, loudspeakers are used to convert an electrical signal into sound waves. The main components of a loudspeaker are the magnet, the voice coil, the support basket, the spider, the lower suspension of the cone, the voice coil support, the elastic suspension that allows the cone to move and the membrane-cone.

To date, there are no speakers capable of reproducing the entire range of audible frequencies and for this reason there are specific speakers capable of reproducing a portion of the audible band:

1. subwoofer (for very low frequencies)

2. woofer (for low frequencies)

3. midrange (for medium frequencies)

4. Tweeter (for high frequencies)

Typically, in order to have a balanced output (that reproduces a good portion of audible frequencies) a speaker (woofer) must be placed next to/coupled with another speaker (Tweeter), for a minimum of two speakers. Sometimes they are inserted in a single basket, reducing the overall dimensions, but they remain effectively two speakers placed side by side in the same object. Each of them therefore has its own magnet, coil, membrane, etc.

To amplify and control the output sound and produce quality sound, devices/speakers need a speaker box in which to insert the membrane and all the necessary equipment (coil, magnet, heavy metal basket, etc.).

The loudspeakers are the heart of the speaker and are the elements that actually create the sound waves, while the speakers are the elements that enclose the speakers (entire block). The speaker holds the wave generated in the rear area of the speaker, preventing it from destructively interfering with the wave generated outside (the speaker generates two waves in opposition of phase which would therefore tend to cancel each other out, preventing good propagation of the wave in the surrounding environment). In this way, however, the entire rear wave remains unused (the efficiency of the wave is not exploited) except in some systems only partially through an opening (bass reflex) or the insertion of another passive cone or a horn opening in the speaker (which consequently must be large).

Another aspect concerns the woofers currently in use/market: the woofers (loudspeaker designed to reproduce low frequencies) have considerable dimensions and weight, much greater than that of other loudspeakers. The system generally consists of a cone with a rather large diameter, a proportionate metal basket, with a heavy and robust coil and magnet. The reason for the greater size of the woofers is that the low frequencies need, to be emitted abundantly, a large membrane, and therefore adequate power to make it vibrate.

c. TECHNICAL PROBLEMS

A problem, much felt in the field of audio production, that technology has not been able to resolve up to now, is that of the emission of low frequencies in systems (or loudspeakers) of small dimensions, light, easily transportable and economic. It is possible to build powerful amplifiers and loudspeakers of small dimensions but such devices are not able to emit low frequencies and relative harmonics, mainly due to the reduced surface of the vibrating membrane.

A second problem, which has also remained unsolved up to now, is that any loudspeaker designed up to now is not able to satisfactorily emit low and very low frequencies and high frequencies at the same time; to do this, two or more loudspeakers are commonly coupled in the same object, each equipped with its own coil and magnet, and each of these has a different vibrating membrane suitable for emitting either high or low or medium frequencies but not all frequencies with a single membrane. Therefore:

> no device/speaker emits both high and low frequencies at the same time with a single vibrating membrane;

> no small-sized device/speaker is capable of emitting quality low frequencies since such frequencies require a large and rigid membrane;

> quality low frequencies are emitted by large devices/speakers;

> speakers not coupled with others are able to spread the sound mainly in the front part.

> to work best/emit quality sounds (to amplify and control the output sound) they need a speaker box in which to insert the membrane and all the necessary equipment (coil, magnet, heavy metal basket etc.) therefore bulky, heavy and generally expensive devices. This also nullifies, among other things, the usefulness of miniaturizing the other components e.g. audio player, amplifier, etc.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of the present invention, the attached drawings are attached by way of non-limiting example, a non-limiting example of a spherical air chamber - balloon - attached to the attachment system to give it a toroidal or similar shape, and for inflation-deflation.

Fig.1: Toroidal speaker in three dimensions.

Fig.2: speaker section? coil section or small speaker - other components: 13- 13a) examples of possible points where to attach wires (15) to support the membrane 14) examples of possible counterweights, to balance the membrane so that it is in line with the vibrating coil

11) attachment point of the membrane that emits the highest frequencies (midrange-tweeter) 12) horn loading for midrange-tweeter (11)

16) any bands to delimit inflation and for regular shape

15) any wires to support the weight of the membrane

17) possible cap to modify the cone emission

Fig 3: assembly

mount with a screw system, the plate with central hole (3), possibly concave or convex (4), in the coupling tube (2) and the sealed cap (5), contained in the screw connection for the coil ((8) fig.2.)

Insert the inflation-hook tube (2) into the inflatable spherical chamber (balloon) (1), and secure it with a watertight strap ((7) fig.2.

hook the opposite center of the balloon, (1a) still deflated, to the attachment point (11) located at the end of the tube (2), and secure it with a cable tie ((6) fig.2)

fit the sealing cap (5) and screw connection for the small speaker coil (8) (fig.2). Inflate the membrane and attach the device to the vibrating coil (10) fig. 2 using the connection (9) fig.2)

Fig.4: example of a finished speaker suspended and balanced - section and rear view

Fig.5: various components

n. 16 - possible bands

Fig.6: Emission areas, comparison with spherical chamber

Fig.7: bass-treble emission detail

Fig.8: example of membrane with central hole and small speaker: other components 18) small speaker membrane

20) screw-bayonet connection fixed on the external part of the small speaker membrane

21) screw-bayonet connection, fixed on the central cone-cylinder

22) valve-cap counterweight

23) central cone-cylinder fixed to the attachment system and to the plate

24) inflation valve

10) magnet- small speaker coil

Fig.9 example of membrane with central hole and small 3D speaker -components

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The inflatable toroidal loudspeaker is made of an air chamber made of rubber or plastic or other polymer materials suitable for retaining air-gas under slight pressure; it can be provided with ribs or textures (fig. 1 n.1). This chamber preferably has a toroidal or similar shape (fig. 1 n.1), with one face possibly flattened if there is a plate on which it rests (fig. 2 n.3 and 4) or a sphere flattened at the two poles, or similar, generally obtained by moulding the material with this shape or by inflating a spherical air chamber, keeping in contact (or at least extremely close) the two points located at the opposite ends of the sphere (fig. 3 n. 1<A>, n.11). This chamber is fixed to the vibrating coil (fig. 2 n.10) in the central part of the toroid, by means of a screw or bayonet attachment system (fig. 2 n.8-9), made of various rigid materials, for example plastic material, or other system, also useful for containing the valve-cap (fig. 2 n.5) of the chamber and the duct for inflating-deflating it (fig. 2 n.2). The attachment system may include a small plate, or basket or spoke or truncated cone shape (fig. 2 n.3-4), the spokes of which may be bendable, designed to give a suitable and regular shape as well as rigidity to the membrane when it is inflated and active. From this basket or spoke (fig. 2 n.3-4), at least three equidistant ribbons may unravel, which wrap around the chamber up to the end. opposite of the basket (fig. 5 n.16), or up to the point of attachment to the center of the cone (fig.2 n.11), adhering to it when it inflates, delimiting the inflation volume and providing rigidity. Alternatively, these ribbons can be replaced by ribs in the material, always in order to prevent the membrane from inflating more on one side than the others, in a non-uniform manner. To prevent the membrane-basket with its weight (even if only a few grams) from altering the movement of the coil, unbalancing its axis, you can provide points, hooks, eyelets, etc. (fig.4 and 2 n.13-13a) on the basket to be able to hang/suspend it. For example with 2 wires (fig.4 n.15), and you can provide counterweights that help keep the basket and membrane in line with the vibrating coil or small speaker (fig.4 n.14). Alternatively, the basket can a foam or rubber ring suspension can be fixed, then fixed to the magnet of the vibrating coil or to the structure related to it. An alternative/complementary solution could be to use a vibrating coil with double suspension, in order to minimize the imbalances due to the weight. This system can be combined with a hook to be able to hang the speaker thus obtained (fig. 4), or a support structure (e.g. in the shape of a pedestal or frame that supports it with springs or elastic bands, etc.). A component, made of light material, preferably in the shape of a double spherical sector, can be positioned at the center of the hollow rubber cone, and hooked (e.g. with elastic threads) to the bottom of said cone, at the fixing point for example together with the apex of the balloon (fig. 5 n.17), to facilitate correct inflation and regulate, depending on the shape and material, the emission of frequencies from the cone. This system can be combined with external or internal lighting.

In the case where such a toroidal membrane is mounted on a small loudspeaker, the attachment point no. 20, fig. 8, could be a cylinder or cone (no. 22 fig. 8) with a screw connection which will be fixed to the corresponding screw no. 21, fig. 8 applied to the external part of the membrane of said small loudspeaker, so that the hole is not obstructed.

In this case the small loudspeaker will emit high frequencies, which will pass through the cylinder n.22.fig.8 and the hole of the torus, while the torus, with its large membrane, will emit low frequencies, as it is moved by the vibrations of the small membrane to which it is directly connected through the connection points n.20-21. Fig.8 It should be noted that there are many small loudspeakers declared to be full range as they are able to vibrate both slowly and quickly, but their membrane is too small to be able to transform this slow vibration into truly audible low-bass sounds.

There are patents such as: W02017089875- Inflatable Sound System 01/06/17-PCT/IB2016/001464 - which try to overcome the problems mentioned above by combining complete loudspeakers inserted in specific housings with extensible or inflatable resonance chambers, which tend to slightly amplify the low frequencies of the sound source loudspeaker; however, such loudspeaker, having a small membrane and not being directly connected to the inflatable membrane, cannot, due to physical laws, be able to emit low or very low frequencies, and therefore it is not possible to amplify.

These inventions differ from our INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER because in these inventions the inflatable chamber is not directly connected to the vibrating coil, it only acts as a small resonance chamber for some frequencies emitted by the small, matching source speaker; it is not itself a vibrating membrane that generates sound, like in a normal speaker. The membrane of our inflatable speaker is instead directly connected to the vibrating coil, or to the membrane of a small speaker, and vibrates with it; it therefore generates sound, like the membrane of traditional speakers; given its shape and size, it also acts as a resonance chamber, and amplifies the frequencies that it itself emits, not requiring additional components or devices to function; given its shape and size, it is able to generate even very low frequencies.

Or there are extensible or inflatable sound boxes, e.g. US20180048949 Inflatable Speaker Pub. No. 20180048949-15/02/18 applied to a speaker, complete with membrane, basket, fixing structure, etc., making the sound box only more easily transportable, when collapsed, but it does not solve the problem of low frequencies at the origin, nor that of the quantity of necessary components and it is not the inflatable part that is the vibrating membrane, therefore working in different ways than our invention.

Or there are inflatable structures positioned around the speaker, with sealing parts, in order to make the speaker shockproof, waterproof, floating, luminous, for example in the patent: Us20090136076 ? Portable Inflatable And Illuminative Speaker ? 28/05/2009. But all these, and other existing solutions in the current state of the art, only add features to existing speakers or audio systems without solving the problems already highlighted that our INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER can solve.

Also patent US2009028369A1 is not relevant, in fact it simply concerns the circular suspension that supports the rigid cone in normal loudspeakers, and therefore does not concern our field of sound production and amplification.

Furthermore, it is noted that all the patents that use a spherical or "balloon" shape do not solve the problems regarding the emission of a wide range of frequencies, because if the ball is connected directly to the vibrating coil, it will generate many waves in phase opposition that will tend to cancel the sound, as in fig. 6. Our solution solves this problem, because, as can be seen in fig. 6, the emission surface (perpendicular or almost to the direction of compression of the air) is much larger than the sphere, and the area where the waves tend to cancel each other due to phase opposition is very small, and in fact creates a virtual separation line-area of the two main faces, making it possible to convert at least partially the waves of one of the two faces (type bass reflex effect) simply by positioning the speaker appropriately, so that the low frequencies of the rear face, bouncing against the rear wall, add to the waves produced by the front face.

In the case where the balloon (or its membrane that faces outwards) is not directly connected to the coil, for example see patent us5,108,338 Apr.28-92 - Musical Balloon - and also Italian Patent application no. 101998900707532, and also US 20018-0316997, the balloon membrane is not itself the source of the sound and will vibrate much less, receiving only the waves transmitted via air from a loudspeaker, or another intermediate membrane (already poor in bass given the small surface of the membrane of the source loudspeaker, and further dampened by the air), and therefore only amplifying them slightly. Moreover, in these patents, the use of piezoelectric transducers confirms the non-claim of emitting low frequencies. The text of the patent itself confirms the use as a greeting gadget with pre-recorded songs such as "Happy Birthday" inserted in an internal circuit.

Even in the case of US patent 4,638,207 Piezoelectric film balloon speaker, where piezoelectric strips are applied to the balloon, due to the type of sound source (piezoelectric speakers are suitable for emitting high-pitched sounds, but do not vibrate adequately to emit low-pitched sounds) it is not possible to reproduce significant low frequencies.

In the case of patent WO1997022225 - Sound Reproduction Device or Microphone, a vibrating coil or speaker makes the center of a (inflated) balance structure with two lateral spheres vibrate; but as stated in the text of the patent itself, only a part of the inflated membrane vibrates, and only or predominantly the central part, which is small in size and therefore not suitable for effectively reproducing low frequencies. The text in fact confirms that the sound is comparable to a portable/personal radio, also sold as a gadget, and has no claims of depth or intensity of the emitted wave.

The INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER satisfies all the above-described characteristics necessary to produce a complete speaker with quality sound, capable of emitting high frequencies, medium and deep bass, with a single membrane and coil-magnet even of very small size, without a speaker box, light, and economical, with sound that spreads in space both in the areas behind and in front. These characteristics differentiate it from how existing speakers are made/conceived up to now.

In fact, in traditional speakers to emit low and deep sounds a so-called Woofer is used, which precisely because of its structure, normally large, rigid and heavy, has a weight and an accentuated inertia, and therefore to move is rather slow and thus unable to emit high frequencies. Precisely for this reason to improve the sound it is necessary to emit high frequencies and therefore it is used to couple it with a Tweeter, which is a speaker generally small, therefore light and consequently suitable for emitting high frequencies.

Instead, the INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER is a single speaker capable of emitting a wide range of frequencies.

This is because the membrane is rigid because it is swollen but also slightly elastic because it is large (it extends orthogonally to the direction of the sound) and made of slightly elastic material, therefore the central part where the vibrating coil is fixed is less subject to the inertia of the external part, therefore freer to move quickly, emitting higher-pitched sounds, while the external part, which is larger and heavier, will be able to accommodate only the slower frequencies emitted by the coil, thus emitting low sounds.

It also forms a cone that develops from the attachment point (11), it has the effect of a horn-loaded tweeter-midrange. It consists of positioning a horn shape in front of the small tweeter or mid-range membranes, to amplify their emissions. This cone will therefore amplify the higher frequencies emitted by the central part of the membrane; or in the case in which a toroidal membrane with a central hole is fixed to the membrane of a small loudspeaker fig.8, said membrane with hole, will let the high frequencies emitted by the small membrane of the small loudspeaker pass through the hole (cone-horn), and at the same time, vibrating with it as described, it will emit the lower frequencies.

As you move towards the surfaces closest to the toroid?s ?equator?, the surface increases significantly and can easily emit medium and low frequencies, all without any interruption of continuity, thus producing a complete and harmonious sound. In this way, the INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER allows you to create a new concept audio system for the synergic action of the applied physical principles, for components, generation and management of sound and general characteristics.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION

It is possible to find on the market powerful complete amplifiers, with Bluetooth receiver, USB stick reader, various inputs, etc. for around ten euros or a little more, and measuring just a few centimetres e.g. 4x4-5x5, and weighing just a few grams, but the proportionate speakers to match must be at least as big as small, heavy, expensive and bulky cabinets.

The INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER contains all the features needed to produce a complete speaker with a vibrating membrane-speaker, with a quality sound, without having to use speakers with large rigid membranes, metal basket, wooden sound box and other various components. In fact, it is characterized by being extremely light and at the same time rigid, with a cone-trumpet shape, and a proportionate sound box, generated by the inflation of the air chamber itself.

It is the membrane itself, vibrating, which generates the low-ultra low frequencies, and amplifies them, generating the relative harmonics, inside the toroidal chamber generated by it thanks to its characteristics of surface, shape, lightness and volume.

The INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER thus makes any other component normally used to make a loudspeaker box superfluous, with the exception of the small vibrating coil or similar, which, thanks to the amplifying power of the membrane, can also be of very small dimensions and power, without compromising the power and quality of the sound.

In the INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER, the amplification is increased by the (unique) effect that could be described as a "controlled whip" of the membrane.

IN THE INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER in fact the membrane (the toroid) is rigid, but, due to its shape and material characteristics, it is slightly elastic in the direction of movement: the plate gives the impulse to the membrane which will consequently extend to the push, more than the actual vibration of the plate-coil or small speaker, generating an amplified wave. Like the tip of a whip it moves more than the handle (and hence the "controlled whip" effect). In the INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER the membrane (the toroid or similar-toroid) will therefore have a much larger emission surface than the small speaker and therefore much deeper bass, and its excursion can, depending on the pressure / rigidity of the same, be amplified, and with it the sound. In fact, with a slightly softer membrane, therefore inflated at a lower pressure, the bass will be more intense. a little less defined but further amplified, meeting the needs/tastes of the user.

The INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER is easily inflatable and deflatable, once deflated it has very small dimensions, weight and volume and can easily fit in your pocket. This makes it extremely transportable. The INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER being a complete stereo system, (stereo amplifier with full Bluetooth-DAB connectivity-analog-digital inputs, etc.), thanks to the essentiality of its components, also has a negligible cost compared to systems of equivalent quality.

The combined characteristics of shape, lightness and rigidity make the SPEAKER

INFLATABLE TOROIDAL very sensitive, therefore able to emit (not just amplify) many harmonics, low frequencies and a full and balanced sound even at low volume.

They are therefore suitable for both small and large environments, and background listening does not affect the warmth and completeness of the sound.

The purpose of this invention is to be able to produce quality loudspeakers with significant low frequencies, simply by using the inflatable apparatus described above, in addition to a small vibrating coil-magnet, without any need to use bulky, heavy and expensive components such as a metal basket, heavy magnet and coil, heavy wooden sound box and large membrane made of cardboard or other rigid synthetic materials.

The aim of this invention is also to exploit technological miniaturization, allowing the entire stereo system (amplifier, connectivity, speakers) to be reduced, once deflated, to a volume/encumbrance of a few centimeters and a weight of a few grams, practically pocket-sized and at a negligible cost compared to systems of equal quality, making the shipping-transport-storage costs negligible as well.

The aim of this invention is also to make the stereo system a design object (true industrial design, where the beautiful and essential shape is above all functional), which can be placed and used in the most disparate environments, precarious situations or stable installations, given its visual pleasantness and practically zero bulk.

The purpose of this invention is also to combine the inflatable speaker with other speakers or insert it into portable systems lacking low frequencies.

The purpose of this invention is also to be used as a sub-woofer.

The purpose of this invention is also to allow, through the use of Bluetooth devices or (additional cables), to simultaneously play countless speaker systems, placed in different areas, thus covering a very large listening surface, without concentrating the quality sound only near the traditional speakers, thanks to its characteristic of reproducing quality music and complete low frequencies even at low volume. In fact, in public places, either traditional speakers are present, with the problems exposed above, or small satellite speakers are present, but with low sound quality due to the lack of low frequencies.

The purpose of this invention is also to make low frequencies more directional, which are usually not directional in traditional systems because the lower the frequencies, the more uniformly they spread in the environment. This is also due to the fact that in the INFLATABLE TOROIDAL LOUDSPEAKER the 2 faces of the inflated membrane operate in phase opposition and therefore laterally (all around) the inflatable membrane (toroidal) the sound and the bass are partly cancelled out, while frontally to both faces, they are much more pronounced.

Therefore, in the INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER it is possible to manage the sound by orienting the membrane, according to your needs and create "corridors", or areas where the sound is more attenuated and others where it is stronger, at the same distance from the speakers. (see fig.6-7)

Since the 2 faces of the INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER can be slightly different in shape and type of material and one face contains the vibrating membrane and the basket-plate, the sounds emitted by the two faces can be slightly different in timbre and volume, generally higher on the face with the coil/plate and lower on the opposite face containing the cone formed by inflation. This rearward-facing face can generate a bass reflex effect, depending on the distance from rear walls-acoustic obstacles, orientation, etc. Since the two membranes move in phase opposition to each other, the sound is more attenuated laterally to the membranes (also because laterally there is almost no surface that moves orthogonally to it, therefore compressing the air and generating the acoustic wave). This contributes to a certain directionality of the sound and therefore separation of the two front-back effects.

It is possible to fix two INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKERS with opposing membranes (magnet against magnet) and connect them in phase opposition, so that the thrust (on the membrane) of one coil is strengthened by the back thrust of the other; in this way the sound emitted by the membranes is amplified.

Or it is possible to combine 2 membranes and their respective coils, positioned front-back to each other, and connect them with opposite electrical poles (in phase opposition), so as to add and blend the timbres emitted by each face, or other combinations.

For all the reasons illustrated above, the sound characteristics of the INFLATABLE TOROIDAL SPEAKER can be modified as desired, by means of different combinations (not only those described, which are non-limiting examples of the invention), by orienting the speakers differently and by varying the inflation.

The purpose of this invention is also to make the box adaptable to the timbre needs of the user who, in addition to orienting it differently, can slightly inflate or deflate the membrane to obtain different acoustic and timbre results, or easily replace a membrane with another with a different acoustic effect, shape or size, simply by unscrewing it from the vibrating coil and screwing in the new one. These and other purposes that will be evident to the expert in the field are achieved by a single apparatus according to the attached claims.

Claims (17)

1. Loudspeaker comprising magnet, support basket, spider, voice coil, elastic suspension and membrane, characterised in that: - the membrane is inflatable (fig.3 n.1) - the membrane acts simultaneously as a vibrating membrane and a sounding board. 2. Loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterised in that: - - the membrane (1) is made up of an inflatable air chamber made of rubber or plastic or other light materials and polymers capable of retaining air-gas at low/light pressure. 3. Loudspeaker according to claim 1 and 2 characterised in that: - the membrane/sound box preferably has a toroidal shape (1 - fig.1) or a flattened sphere, or a similar regular shape, generally obtained by moulding the material into this shape or by inflating a "spherical" air chamber, keeping the two points located at the opposite ends of the sphere closer together by means of a hooking/inflation system (2-11). 4. Loudspeaker according to claim 1, 2, 3, characterised by the fact: - that the membrane attachment system is closed with clamps or gaskets or any device capable of closing an air chamber (6-7) - that there is a cap in the attachment system (5) which in turn is attached to the reel with a screw or bayonet or other closing systems (8-9) which allows the membrane to be deflated and re-inflated as desired, even several times (5). 5. Loudspeaker according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, characterised in that: - the coupling system (8-9) between the membrane referred to in claim no. 3 and the vibrating coil (10) can have a screw or bayonet connection which allows for an easy assembly and disassembly system or any other system which can achieve this result. - has a system that joins the membrane referred to in claim no. 3 and the vibrating coil (10) in a fixed manner. 6. Loudspeaker according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4,5 characterised in that: - the basket, usually metallic, connected to the magnet, which contains the membrane may be absent or much smaller than the vibrating membrane. 7. Loudspeaker as claimed in claims 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 characterised in that: - the membrane (1), perforated in the centre or not, obtained in any way, can be fixed directly to a smaller speaker, or to a vibrating coil, during the manufacturing phase of the same, or fixed to a hooking system (8) which allows its assembly and disassembly and its adaptability to different vibration sources, which will in turn be fixed at the opposite end (9) to a vibrating coil, exciter-bass shaker, small speaker or similar devices (10). 8. Loudspeaker according to claim 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, and 7 characterized in that - the membrane is capable of producing sounds from low to high frequencies. 9. Loudspeaker according to claim 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 characterised in that - the membrane can also have a lighting system. 10. Loudspeaker as per claim 1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 8 and 9 characterised by the fact that a plate (3-4) or a basket-spoke shape (also foldable) can be fixed to this attachment system, which can also be slightly concave or convex, in rigid and light materials, suitable for providing rigidity-control during use, regular shape or desired shape, and facilitating uniform inflation of the air chamber, as well as generating/increasing the "controlled whip" effect, and modifying the emission of medium frequencies. It is specified that: the "controlled whip" effect is that effect which derives from the fact that the membrane, being made of a flexible/plastic material, has minimal elasticity in the direction of movement, but since it is a three-dimensional, toroidal solid, when the membrane reaches its end of travel including the elastic extension, it is recalled by the rigid, but elastic -opposed, effect of the solid, and so on, increasing its excursion and therefore the intensity of the sound. 11. Loudspeaker as per claim 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and 10, characterised in that the membrane can be equipped with ribs that allow for greater rigidity and the desired regular shape, or run externally by at least 3 equidistant strips (16) that wrap around the chamber up to the opposite end of the basket-hookup system, or up to the hookup point at the centre of the cone, where they are fixed, adhering to it when it inflates and delimiting its inflation volume and providing rigidity and an appropriate regular shape. 12. Loudspeaker as claimed in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 and 11, characterised in that the attachment system, or the plate, can be fixed by means of elastic bands or springs, ring suspension, etc. to a frame or pedestal type structure to allow greater control, balance and stability of the membrane, and at the same time easier positioning in environments. 13. Loudspeaker as claimed in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 and 12, characterised in that such attachment system or the plate can be fixed by means of a foam-rubber suspension, or similar, in a ring shape, to the basket structure of the small loudspeaker/vibrating coil, similar to those used to externally support the normal cardboard membranes of loudspeakers, having the same function, i.e. to support the weight of the membrane and avoid lateral movements or imbalances of the same and consequently of the coil. Such circular suspension can be fixed in various ways to the body of the loudspeaker. 14. Loudspeaker as claimed in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 and 13, characterised in that the attachment system or the plate can be suspended with wires (15), hooking it at calibrated points (13-13a), possibly balanced with counterweights (14), so as to neutralise the weight of the membrane, bringing it to a position of equilibrium and in line with the vibrating coil and allowing the correct movement of the coil or small loudspeaker, without unbalancing the precise movement of the coil itself. 15. Loudspeaker as claimed in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13 and 14, characterised in that such a hooking system can be combined with a hook to be able to hang the loudspeaker thus obtained or the loudspeaker system, or a support structure, for example in the form of a pedestal, arm, or frame which supports it by means of springs or elastic bands, further circular suspension, etc. The membrane with plate and the vibrating coil separately can be hung from such a hook (with wire), so that they are positioned in line, and therefore the weight of one does not interfere with the functioning of the other (fig.4). 16. Loudspeaker as claimed in claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14 and 15, characterised in that the shape of the membrane creates a cone suitable for the horn loading of the tweeter - constituted by the exposed part of the attachment point (11), located at the bottom of said cone, capable of moving quickly. 17. Loudspeaker as claimed in claims 1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15, and 16 characterised in that if the toroidal membrane is directly connected to the vibrating membrane of a small loudspeaker (18), it may have a central hole (fig. 8-9) of sufficient size to allow the high-medium frequencies produced by the membrane of the small loudspeaker to pass through said hole, while it will produce the low frequencies for the reasons described above. In this case the attachment system may be replaced by a cylinder or cone fixed to the centre of the torus (23), with screw-bayonet ends (21) which will be fixed to a screw ring placed in the outermost part of the membrane of the small loudspeaker (20), so as not to obstruct the latter and to allow the high frequencies produced by the small loudspeaker to pass through said cylinder-cone and the hole in the torus. The inflation-deflation valve (24) can be positioned elsewhere on the inflatable membrane, and a light counterweight (22) can be positioned in a mirror image to balance the weight, even if negligible, of this valve-cap.