IT201800003521A1 - SEISMIC HEAT SINK. - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

accompanying a patent application for an industrial invention entitled:

"SEISMIC SINK".

TEXT OF THE DESCRIPTION

The present patent application for industrial invention relates to a seismic dissipator, suitable for installation in buildings, preferably in warehouses.

It is known that the sheds have a structure comprising a plurality of pillars planted in the ground and a plurality of crosspieces connected above the pillars.

Vertical infill walls are placed between the pillars to close the openings between the pillars. The sheds also include a roof, supported by the cross beams.

These sheds have a drawback due to the fact that they are easily damaged in the event of a seismic event. In fact, the pillars and crossbeams of the sheds are usually connected to each other by means of hinges. In the event of a seismic event, the hinges may break and no longer be able to keep the crossbar anchored to the pillar. If the crossbar loses its support on the pillar, the crossbar falls to the ground, thus causing the roof to collapse.

In particular, the sheds are more damaged in the event of horizontal seismic stresses.

It should be noted that the higher the height of the pillars of the sheds, the greater the stresses at the hinges during a seismic event. Therefore, the greater the height of the pillars of the sheds, the greater the probability that these hinges will be damaged in the event of a seismic event. It should be noted that these pillars are usually very high, in order to allow the installation of large machinery or the storage of large quantities of goods.

In order to strengthen the structure of the sheds, metal plates are known, installed in correspondence with the connecting sections between the pillars and the crosspieces to stiffen the structure.

These metal plates, while strengthening the structure of the shed under normal conditions, in the event of a seismic event cause an increase in the stresses on the entire structure of the shed, making it even more easily damaged. These metal plates, in fact, cause a stiffening of the shed structure, which therefore cannot compensate for the stresses caused by the seismic event.

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the known art, by designing a seismic dissipator that makes the building resistant in the event of a seismic event.

A further aim is to devise a seismic dissipator which is economical and easy to install even on existing buildings and which is reliable.

These purposes are achieved in accordance with the invention with the characteristics listed in the attached independent claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments appear from the dependent claims.

The seismic dissipator according to the invention for buildings, intended to be arranged at an edge formed by a first surface and a second surface. The seismic dissipator comprises an articulated quadrilateral comprising a first lever, intended to be arranged in contact with the first surface of said building.

The articulated quadrilateral includes a second lever intended to be placed in contact with the second surface of the building. The second lever is connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the first lever.

The articulated quadrilateral comprises a third lever connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the first lever.

The articulated quadrilateral comprises a fourth lever connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the second lever and to the third lever.

The seismic dissipator according to the invention comprises a damper comprising a first section connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the first and second lever and includes a second section connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the third and fourth lever.

For greater clarity, the description of the seismic dissipator according to the invention continues with reference to the attached drawing tables, having only illustrative and non-limiting value, where:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a first variant of the seismic dissipator according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of a second variant of the seismic dissipator according to the invention.

With reference to Fig. 1, a first variant of the seismic dissipator according to the invention is described, indicated as a whole with the reference number (100).

It is hereby specified that any dimensional and spatial term (such as "lower", "upper", "internal", "external", "front", "rear", vertical, horizontal and the like) refers to the position according to which the components of the seismic dissipator (100) are shown in the attached figures.

The seismic dissipator (100) is intended to be installed in buildings, in particular in prefabricated sheds, in order to make these buildings anti-seismic. In fact, the seismic dissipator allows you to create an anti-seismic dissipative connection between a first surface and a second surface of the building.

In particular, the seismic dissipator (100) is intended to be arranged at an edge formed by a first surface and a second surface.

Advantageously, the first surface is a vertical wall, for example a pillar, and the second surface is a horizontal wall, for example a crossbar or a ceiling.

The seismic dissipator (100) includes an articulated quadrilateral (Q) comprising a first lever (1) intended to be placed in contact with the first surface of the building. The first lever (1) has a rectilinear bar shape and is advantageously arranged in a vertical position. The first lever (1) comprises a first end (10) and a second end (11).

The articulated quadrilateral (Q) includes a second lever (2) intended to be placed in contact with the second surface of the building. The second lever (2) has a rectilinear bar shape and is advantageously arranged in a horizontal position. The second lever (2) comprises a first end (20) and a second end (21). The first end (20) of the second lever (2) is connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the first end (10) of the first lever (1). The first end (10) of the first lever (1) and the first end (20) of the second lever (2) are intended to be arranged near the edge formed by the first wall and the second wall of the building.

Advantageously, the first end (10) of the first lever (1) and the first end (20) of the second lever (2) are connected to each other by means of a first connecting element (6) which consists of a metal plate having a vertex (60), intended to be arranged in correspondence with the corner formed by the first wall and the second wall of the building.

The first end (10) of the first lever (1) is hinged to the first connecting element (6) by means of a pin (P1). The first end (20) of the second lever (2) is fixed to the first connecting element (6) by means of two or more bolts. In other words, the second lever (2) is integral with the first connecting element (6), while the first lever (1) is hinged to the first connecting element (6).

The articulated quadrilateral (Q) comprises a third lever (3) having a straight bar shape. The third lever (3) comprises a first end (30) and a second end (31). The second end (31) of the third lever (3) is connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the second end (11) of the first lever (1). The second end (11) of the first lever (1) and the second end (31) of the third lever (3) are intended to be arranged at the first wall of the building.

Advantageously, the second end (11) of the first lever (1) and the second end (31) of the third lever (3) are connected to each other by means of a second connecting element (7) which consists of a metal plate, intended to be placed in contact with the first wall of the building.

The second end (11) of the first lever (1) is fixed to the second connecting element (7) by means of two or more bolts. The second end (31) of the third lever (3) is hinged to the second connecting element (7) by means of a pin (P2). In other words, the first lever (1) is integral with the second connecting element (7), while the third lever (3) is hinged to the second connecting element (7).

The articulated quadrilateral (Q) comprises a fourth lever (4) having a rectilinear bar shape and advantageously arranged below the second lever (2). The fourth lever (4) comprises a first end (40) and a second end (41). The second end (41) of the fourth lever (4) is connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the second end (21) of the second lever (2). The second end (21) of the second lever (2) and the second end (41) of the fourth lever (4) are intended to be arranged at the second wall of the building.

Advantageously, the second end (21) of the second lever (2) and the second end (41) of the fourth lever (4) are connected to each other by means of a third connecting element (8) which consists of a metal plate, intended to be placed in contact with the second wall of the building.

The second end (21) of the second lever (2) is hinged to the third connecting element (8) by means of a pin (P3). The second end (41) of the fourth lever (4) is fixed to the third connecting element (8) by means of two or more bolts. In other words, the second lever (2) is hinged to the third connecting element (8), while the fourth lever (4) is integral with the third connecting element (8).

The first end (40) of the fourth lever (4) is connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the first end (30) of the third lever (3).

Advantageously, the first end (30) of the third lever (3) and the first end (40) of the fourth lever (4) are connected to each other by means of a fourth connecting element (9) which consists of a metal plate of trapezoidal shape, having a smaller base facing the first connecting element (6) and a larger base opposite the smaller base.

The first end (40) of the fourth lever (4) is hinged to the fourth connecting element (9) by means of a pin (P4). The first end (30) of the third lever (3) is fixed to the fourth connecting element (9) by means of two or more bolts. In other words, the fourth lever (4) is hinged to the fourth connecting element (9), while the third lever (3) is integral with the fourth connecting element (9).

Advantageously, the third and fourth levers (3, 4) are arranged so as to be misaligned with each other. In particular, the third lever (3) and the fourth lever (4) form an internal angle (α3) greater than 180 °. Consequently, the first lever (1) and the third lever (3) form an acute internal angle (α1), preferably between 10 ° and 40 °. The second lever (2) and the fourth lever (4) form an acute internal angle (α2), preferably between 10 ° and 40 °.

It should be noted that the term "interior" refers to the space delimited by the four levers (1, 2, 3, 4).

The first lever (1) and the second lever (2) are arranged so as to form the same angle formed by the first wall and the second wall, advantageously a right angle.

The seismic dissipator (100) comprises a damper (5) comprising a first section (50) connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the first and second lever (1, 2) and comprising a second section (51) connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation at the third and fourth lever (3, 4).

Advantageously, the first portion (50) of the damper (5) is hinged to the first connecting element (6) by means of a pin (P5) and the second portion (51) of the damper (5) is hinged to the fourth connecting element (9 ) by means of a pin (P6).

The damper (5) has a crescent shape with a concavity advantageously turned towards the second lever (2). The first portion (50) and the second portion (51) of the damper (5) are end portions and have an enlarged annular shape, housing one of the two pins (P5, P6).

With reference to Fig. 2, a variant of the seismic dissipator according to the invention is shown, in which the damper (5) has an ogive shape.

During a seismic event, the first and second levers (1, 2) move together with the first and second walls, with the possibility of reciprocal rotation. In this way, if the two walls move relative to each other, by changing the mutual angle, the first lever and the second lever (1, 2) follow this movement. Consequently, the third and fourth levers (3, 4) are moved with a counter-rotation, opposite to the rotation of the first lever (1) and of the second lever (2). The rotation of the first and second lever (1, 2) and the counter-rotation of the third and fourth lever (3, 4) affect the damper (5), which dampens the effect of the rotation of the levers (1, 2, 3, 4), dissipating the energy impressed by the seismic event on the first and second walls of the building.

The advantages of the seismic dissipator (100) are evident, in which thanks to the articulated quadrilateral (Q) and the damper (5) it is possible to make the building resistant to a seismic event. In particular, thanks to the articulated quadrilateral (Q) and the damper (5), the dissipative capacity of the seismic dissipator (100) develops through the synergy of elastic instability, plastic deformation and bearing stress mechanisms.

Furthermore, this seismic dissipator (100) is economical and easy to install even on existing buildings and is reliable.

Thanks to the curvilinear shape of the damper (5), this damper (5) acts as an elastic element that can compress or extend to dissipate energy.

It should be noted that, due to the seismic event, the damper (5) may be damaged and must be replaced. More precisely, the seismic dissipator (100) is specifically designed to absorb the deformations caused by the stresses to which the building is subjected during the seismic event, therefore the levers (1, 2, 3, 4) usually do not report any permanent deformation , while the damper (5) is damaged and must be replaced following a seismic event.

Thanks to the fact that the third lever (3) and the fourth lever (4) are misaligned, the force necessary to rotate these third and fourth levers (3, 4) is less than the force that would be necessary to put in rotation of these third and fourth levers (3, 4), if they are arranged aligned with each other.

Although not shown in the figures, the hinged quadrilateral (Q) can be mounted so that the first and second levers do not form a right angle to each other and do not form an acute angle with the third and fourth levers.

Furthermore, the articulated quadrilateral can be mounted in other positions, for example in correspondence with a floor or connected to two sloping sections of a roof, in correspondence with a top of this roof.

Even if not shown in the figures, the connecting elements are completely optional and can be omitted. In this case, the levers are directly hinged to each other and the damper is directly hinged to the levers.

Even if not shown in the figures, the seismic dissipator (100) can optionally be provided with anchoring plates for connecting the second and third connecting elements (7, 8) with the surfaces of the building, in order to eliminate friction on the second and third connecting elements (7, 8) and the surfaces of the building, so as to facilitate the movement of the levers with respect to the surfaces of the building.

Numerous variations and modifications of detail can be made to the present embodiment of the invention, within the reach of a person skilled in the art, however falling within the scope of the invention expressed by the attached claims.

Claims (9)

CLAIMS 1) Seismic dissipator (100) for buildings, intended to be placed at an edge formed by a first surface and a second surface; said seismic dissipator (100) comprising an articulated quadrilateral (Q) comprising: - a first lever (1) intended to be arranged in contact with the first surface of said building; - a second lever (2) intended to be arranged in contact with the second surface of said building; said second lever (2) being connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to said first lever (1); - a third lever (3) connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the first lever (1); - a fourth lever (4) connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the second lever (2) and to the third lever (3); said seismic dissipator (100) comprising a damper (5) comprising a first section (50) connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation to the first and second lever (1, 2) and comprising a second section (51) connected directly or indirectly with the possibility of rotation at the third and fourth lever (3, 4). 2) Seismic dissipator (100) according to claim 1, in which said third and fourth levers (3, 4) are misaligned with each other. 3) Seismic heatsink (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said third lever (3) and said fourth lever (4) form an internal angle (α3) greater than 180 °. 4) Seismic heatsink (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said first lever (1) and said third lever (3) form an acute internal angle (α1). 5) Seismic heatsink (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said second lever (2) and said fourth lever (4) form an acute internal angle (α2). 6) Seismic heatsink (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said first lever (1) and said second lever (2) form a right angle. 7) Seismic heatsink (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said damper (5) has a crescent shape. 8) Seismic heatsink (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said damper (5) has an ogive shape. 9) Seismic heatsink (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one connecting element (6, 7, 8, 9) for connecting two levers (1, 2, 3, 4) to each other.