IT201700020006A1 - USE OF POLYESOCYANURATE FOR EXAMPLE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SECURITY WINDOWS OR COMPARTMENTS - Google Patents

Description

USE OF POLYISOCYANIDE FOR EXAMPLE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOWS OR SAFETY COMPARTMENTS

DESCRIPTION

Field of application

The present invention is applicable to the technical sector of safety compartments and relates to a thermal insulator for elements for fire barriers, smoke, flame arrestors or the like, such as blind windows, profiles for frames of glazed windows, profiles for continuous glazing.

Definitions

Isocyanate index: it is the stoichiometric ratio between the isocyanate groups and the groups reactive towards the isocyanate, multiplied by 100. All groups present in the reaction mixture reactive towards the isocyanate group are considered as reactive groups towards the isocyanate group, but not the isocyanate group itself. . Examples of groups reactive towards –NCO are OH-, SH-, NH-, CH- acid.

Aromatic isocyanate (or polyisocyanate): it is a polyfunctional isocyanate containing at least one aromatic ring. Examples are 2.2 ’diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2.4 diphenyl methane diisocyanate, 4.4’ diphenyl methane diisocyanate, 2.4 toluene diisocyanate, 2.6 toluene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate.

Functionality of the isocyanate: it is the average number of isocyanate groups per mole of polyisocyanate.

Functionality of the polyol: it is the average number of OH groups per mole of polyol.

Number of hydroxyl of a polyol: indicates the quantity of OH groups in the polyol per unit of weight of the same. It is usually determined by titration with a method known to the skilled in the art and is expressed as mg of KOH per gram of polyol.

Aromatic polyester polyol: it is a polyol prepared by condensation of polyfunctional alcohols having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms with polyfunctional aromatic carboxylic acids having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, such as for example phthalic, isophthalic, terephthalic or phthalic anhydride and isomers of naphthalene dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides.

Chain extender agent (chainextender): it is an alcohol or amine with a low molecular weight, bi or poly functional, which contributes to the increase in molecular weight and / or crosslinking and gives the polymer a more rigid structure. For example, typical chain extenders are 1,4-butanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerin.

Expanding graphite: natural graphite (planar layers of carbon atoms) which has undergone an oxidation process using sulfuric acid. At high temperatures it expands releasing CO2 and SO2, generating a much higher volume than the original.

Percentage by weight (% by weight): is the percentage by weight of a component of interest in a mixture of interest, the percentage by weight being referred to the total weight of the components in the mixture.

State of the art

Among the known safety doors and windows, some particularly common types are those of fire, smoke, flame or similar doors or doors for emergency exits. These windows and doors are used as part of fire and high temperature resistant barriers in all situations in which it is necessary to compartmentalize buildings in order to avoid the spread of fires from one sector to another.

For example, they are used between boiler rooms or motor vehicle shelters and the rest of a residential building, between different sectors in multi-storey car parks, in hotels, hospitals, schools, exhibition venues, in all accessible buildings. to the public.

Fire-rated or similar doors and windows generally consist of a frame, also known as a "false frame", generally embedded in the supporting wall of the opening to be closed, a window frame associated with the false frame, for example by means of screws, and a closing element associated with the window frame.

The closing element can consist of one or more opening doors and / or fixed elements.

In a first embodiment, the door and / or the fixed element are blind and substantially formed by a metal box in which a suitable thermal insulation resistant to fire temperatures is inserted, generally containing mineral wool and gypsum cardboard.

In a second embodiment they can comprise a door frame with both aesthetic and structural functions and infill portions, for example in glass.

In another embodiment, the window or door can form a continuous glass partition wall even with a large surface area, for example a facade of a building, and comprises a frame with structural functions and infill walls, for example in glass.

Obviously, these glasses, known per se, are of appropriate manufacture to withstand high temperatures and fire.

In the case of a glazed fire door applied to a masonry wall, the false frame is embedded in the masonry, the frame of the window is the door frame, the frame of the closing element is the frame of the leaf, the infill is consisting of a multilayer glass plate.

The frames of both the door and the leaf are built by the window maker starting from straight semi-finished elements generally marketed in lengths of six meters called profiles, usually composed of one or more straight elements called profiles.

Similarly, a continuous glazing consists of a structure of profiles having a load-bearing function and of multilayer infill glass plates.

In the remainder of this patent, the terms "frame or frames" mean both the frame of the window and the frame of the closing element or sash, and the elements of the continuous glazing structure.

In any case, the profiles comprise one or more metal profiles in which one or more hollow box-like bodies are identified which allow a predetermined degree of thermal insulation. The connection between the parts of the box-like bodies is often made up of thermally insulating material in order to increase the overall thermal insulation. In addition, the inside of the box-like bodies is also filled with thermally insulating material in order to further increase the insulating effect.

During the construction of the frames, the profiles are cut to size, welded together to form the frames and subsequently painted if required.

Blind doors are generally of standardized sizes and manufactured in industrial production sites.

Before being placed on the market, fireproof doors and windows must pass certification and / or homologation tests in Europe according to UNI EN 1634-1 or UNI EN 1364-1 standards. The certification and approval test does not concern the single component, but the complete frame in all its parts.

In accordance with the UNI EN 1634-1 and UNI EN 1364-1 standards, the fire door frame is mounted with all its accessories in a 3.00m x 3.00m masonry wall which forms the closure of the test furnace. By means of burners, the oven, and therefore the internal side of the wall and of the associated window or door, is exposed to an increasing temperature over time according to a predetermined curve, which simulates the fire condition, established by the UNI EN 1363-1 standard, which provides for reach the temperature of 1000 ° C in three minutes and remain at 1200 ° C for the preset time according to the desired classification (30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes). Thermocouples are positioned on the window frame which must indicate a temperature increase of less than 180 ° C on the sash and less than 360 ° C on the frame, always for the time established for the desired classification.

WO97 / 07315 describes profiles for frames in which the insulating element is an alkaline or alkaline earth silicate, for example monolithic calcium silicate inserted in the form of shaped bars inside the boxes.

A drawback of this embodiment is that the silicate must be inserted shaped to size in the profile before cutting for the construction of the frame; cutting the profile implies the simultaneous cutting of the calcium silicate inserted with the formation of a considerable amount of dust and highly accelerated wear of the cutting tool. Another drawback is given by the considerable unit weight of both the profile and the frame: this implies that even elements or frames of small dimensions must be handled with adequate mechanical means.

Profiles for doors and windows are known containing an insulator made of preferably expanded plastic material to improve thermal resistance.

EP2327855 describes a profile, for example metallic, containing in its interior polyurethane (PU) foam as thermal insulator.

A drawback of this embodiment is given by the fact that, since the polyurethane burns with the formation of flame and dense smoke, they are not suitable for fireproof windows.

EP1898037 and EP1936094 describe profiles in which the profiles having a structural function are internal to the PU whose surface can be visible or covered with a coating that can only have an aesthetic function. The supporting structure, inside the PU mass, could be metallic but also in pultruded polymeric material, for example in thermosetting resin loaded with inorganic or polymeric fiber uninterrupted along the entire length of the profile.

US2014 / 0339723 describes a method for filling the cavities of a profile for doors and windows with polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate by introducing in said cavity in metered quantities a polyisocyanate component and a polyol component, the latter containing one or more low boiling expanding agents forming an azeotrope, amines such as condensation catalysts, phosphates such as flame retardants, surfactants, water. Condensation and expansion take place inside the profile without deformation of the profile itself.

US2014 / 0093675 describes a process for the preparation of profiles composed of a plurality of profiles comprising at least two shells, for example metal but also in other materials, with an internal structural support in rigid expanded polyurethane obtained by injection in situ in a metered quantity of polysocyanate , polyol containing formic acid and water as expanding agents and a flame retardant.

The above fire rated doors and windows constructed with profiles containing insulation in polymeric material, even if individually flame resistant, do not pass the fire resistance tests and are regulated by the UNI EN 1634-1 or UNI EN 1364-1 standards.

In particular, the expanded PU according to the known art, even if made up of rigid foam, under the test conditions forms an inconsistent carbonaceous structure that crumbles making the insulating structure lack continuity. In addition, the expander, typically a mixture of low boiling light linear hydrocarbons, still trapped in closed cells, is released with the formation of flames thus causing the certification test to fail.

The insulation present inside the profiles that make up the frame, in addition of course not participating or contributing to combustion, for example with the production of flames and smoke on the cold side outside the oven (a situation that causes immediate interruption, and therefore the failure of the test), must contribute to not exceeding the limit temperature increases.

Ordinarily a thermal insulator of an organic nature, for example a PU according to the known art, which is a very effective thermal insulator at ambient temperatures, if not suitably added to it, it burns with the formation of flames and smoke, if added with suitable flame retardants it first contracts, leaving free spaces and subsequently carbonizes rapidly to a powdery residue of low volume with poor thermal resistance.

Presentation of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the drawbacks encountered above, by providing a window that passes the test in accordance with the UNI EN 1634-1 or UNI EN 1364-1 standard.

Another object of the invention is to make available a window that maintains its structural integrity even after a fire.

These purposes, as well as others which will appear more clearly in the following, are achieved by the use of a polyisycyanurate having a density between 15 and 400 kg / m3, preferably greater than 20 kg / m3 for the realization of blind fire doors, preferably greater of 100 kg / m3 for the production of profiles for doors and windows, in particular safety doors and windows such as for example continuous fire, flame, smoke or similar doors or windows.

This material, in fact, under test conditions according to UNI EN 1634-1 or UNI EN 1364-1 subjected to the temperature / fire time curve according to UNI EN 1363-1, carbonizes to a hard carbonaceous structure, with sufficient mechanical properties to contrast thermal expansion and to preserve the shape without crumbling or pulverizing.

The windows and doors made in accordance with the invention may have the profile consisting of the aforementioned poly-cyanurate, or the aforementioned poly-cyanurate may lie inside a box-like structure to act as an insulator and collaborate with the mechanical structure of the window. In particular, in the case of blind doors that consist of a single box-like structure, the insulation, even with a density lower than 100 kg / m3, preferably lower than 40Kg / m3, even more preferably with a density lower than 30 kg / m3. , retains its shape without shattering, does not accumulate in the lower part of the box and does not leave the upper part of the window uninsulated.

In other words, the aforementioned characteristics of the poly-cyanurate make it possible to obtain a profile for doors and windows whose load-bearing structure is partly constituted by the poly-cyanurate itself.

For this purpose, the reagents from which the polyiscyanurate is obtained (the so-called "reagent system") can be poured and / or injected into suitable molds and cured therein for a predetermined period of time.

On the other hand, the profile and / or the blind window may include a box-like structure, of any material, inside which the reagents from which the poly-cyanurate is obtained can be poured and / or injected and treated.

In this case, the poly-cyanurate acts as a thermal insulator and cooperates with the box-like structure to provide the mechanical structure to the window.

The polyisocyanurate can be prepared starting from a reagent system which includes, respectively, consists of:

a) aromatic polyisocyanates preferably having a functionality greater than or equal to 2.5;

b) compounds having reactive groups for isocyanates;

c) at least one surfactant;

d) at least one catalyst;

e) at least one flame-retardant agent

f) any other additives.

The polyisocyanurate can be prepared by mixing all the above components or, preferably, by mixing a first component A and a second component B.

Conveniently, the first component A may be a polyol component which may comprise, respectively, one or more compounds having groups reactive towards the isocyanate, one or more catalysts, any additives such as surfactants or flame-retardant compounds, and, optionally, further other additives such as chain extenders, fillers, expanding graphite, mineral fillers.

The second component B may comprise, respectively, may consist of isocyanate and / or oligomers and / or trimers obtained by reaction of the isocyanate with itself.

In this way, the polyisocyanurate according to the invention can be obtained by mixing the two components A and B so that the isocyanate index is between 200 and 400, preferably between 300 and 350.

Preferably, the isocyanates may be aromatic isocyanates having a functionality greater than 2.5, preferably between 2.7 and 2.9.

Examples of such isocyanates are 2,2- 2,4 and 4,4-diisocyanate, the mixtures of monometric diphenylmethane with homologs of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (polymeric MDI), or its oligomers, or 2,4- 2,6-tolulene diisocyanate (TDI ) or their mixtures, tetramethylene diisocyanate or its oligomers, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) or oligomers, naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI) or their mixtures. In any case, the average functionality of these polyisocyanates may be higher than 2.5.

Preferably, a mixture of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate with isomers and homologs with greater functionality can be used in order to have a functionality of the mixture between 2.7 and 2.9 and with an NCO content preferably between 25% and 35 % by weight, more preferably between 30.5% and 32.5% by weight. The amount of isocyanate is comprised between 45% and 70%, preferably between 53% and 63% by weight referred to the total weight of all the components used to prepare the polyisocyanurate formulation.

The compounds having groups reactive towards the isocyanate, indicated as "polyols", may preferably be all compounds that contain at least two groups reactive towards isocyanate such as OH, SH, NH and CH-acid.

Such polyols can be prepared by known processes.

Preferably, polyester polyols, preferably aromatic, can be used, in which substantially all the OH groups are primary groups and with hydroxyl number between 250 and 400 mg KOH / g, preferably between 300 and 350 mg KOH / g, and with functionality from 2 to 3, preferably substantially equal to 2.

The polyester polyols can be prepared by condensation of polyfunctional alcohols with polyfunctional carboxylic acids having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isomers of naphthalene dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides.

The catalysts to favor the trimerization of the isocyanate are known. Preferably, organometallic compounds can be used, preferably alkali metal salts of long chain acids from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably organic potassium salts such as for example potassium formate, potassium acetate, potassium octoate or their mixtures.

Further possible catalysts are amine-based catalysts.

The catalysts can be used singly or in mixture in a concentration from 0.1% to 1.5% by weight, preferably between 0.25% and 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of all the components used to prepare the polyisocyanurate formulated.

Lightweight PU, with densities between 15 kg / m3 and 400kg / m3, is obtained by using blowing agents, generally added to the polyol. They can be physical, that is, low boiling compounds that evaporate due to the exothermicity of the condensation reaction, or chemical, that is, compounds that react with the isocyanate generate gaseous compounds, or a combination of both expanding agents.

For the polyisocyanurate according to the invention, only the water chemical expanding agent is used: in fact the isocyanate group reacts with water with the formation of CO2 and this reaction can be exploited to obtain an expanded product.

According to one aspect of the invention, the expansion and therefore the porosity and density of the polyisocyanurate obtained is controlled by introducing an appropriate amount of water

Conveniently, a surfactant, preferably a polyether modified polysiloxane copolymer 0.1% and 5% by weight, preferably between 0.7 and 3% by weight, referring to the total weight, can be added to reduce the surface tension and facilitate the mixing of the components. of all the components used to prepare the polyisocyanurate formulation.

Conveniently, the above polyisocyanurate system may be free of chain extending agents and / or tertiary amine.

Flame retardants, per se known to the person skilled in the art, can also be added to the reagents. For example, phosphorus compounds such as phosphoric acid esters such as triethyl phosphate, or inorganic compounds such as hypophosphites, red phosphorus, preparations comprising red phosphorus, expandable graphite, expanded graphite, hydrated aluminum oxide, antimony trioxide, polyphosphate of ammonium, cyanuric acid derivatives such as melamine or mixtures thereof.

Conveniently, the flame retardants can preferably be added between 1% and 15% by weight, preferably between 2% and 10% by weight, referred to the total weight of all the components used to prepare the polyisocyanurate formulation.

Preferably, according to the invention, phosphorus compounds are added in quantities between 1% and 15%, by weight, preferably between 2% and 8% by weight, referred to the total weight of all the components used to prepare the polyisocyanurate and / or polyisocyanurate formulation. or expanding graphite in a quantity between 1% and 5%, referred to the total weight of all the components used to prepare the polyisocyanurate formulation.

Expanding graphite is natural graphite (planar layers of carbon atoms) which has undergone an oxidation process using sulfuric acid. At high temperatures it expands releasing CO2 and SO2, generating a much higher volume than the original. According to the invention, expanding graphite "flakes" with a minimum content of 98% of carbon can be used.

Conventional organic and inorganic fillers and / or reinforcing fillers, known to those skilled in the art, can optionally be used. Examples of inorganic fillers are mineral silicates, such as silica, phyllosilicates, glass spheres, talc, kaolin, wollastonite, aluminum oxides, titanium oxides and iron oxides, gypsum, barite and inorganic pigments, fibrous minerals of various lengths such as fiber glass, cellulose fibers, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane and polyester fibers, carbon.

The inorganic and organic fillers can be used individually or in a mixture in quantities of 0% and 30% by weight referred to the total weight of all the components used to prepare the polyisocyanurate formulation.

The polyisocyanurate according to the invention can be obtained by mixing components A and component B or all the components described above in such quantities to obtain an isocyanate index between 300 and 350 at a temperature between 10 ° C and 80 ° C, preferably between 30 ° C and 40 ° C.

The reaction is exothermic. The mixing can take place in line at high or low pressure or with known RIM techniques. For example, to produce a molding, component B and component A are sent by means of pumps to a continuous in-line mixer at high pressure, preferably from 100 to 300 bar, and introduced under pressure premixed into the mold.

With this method, it is possible to fill large molds even with complex flow paths. The polyol and the isocyanate are at a temperature between 30 ° C and 120 ° C, preferably from 50 ° C to 100 ° C. The mold temperature is between 70 and 130 ° C, preferably between 85 ° C and 110 ° C.

The invention can be better understood in the light of the following examples, which must be understood as illustrative but not limitative of the invention itself.

Examples

Preparation of polyisocyanurates

Sample 1

Component A polyol is prepared in a container in which the aromatic polyester polyol is previously placed (Isoexter, Coim, Italy) and to which, at a temperature of about 30 ° C, without cooling or heating, under stirring, a polyether-modified polysiloxane copolymer surfactant (Tegostab, EVONIK), potassium octoate in monoethylene glycol (Kosmos, EVONIK) as trimerization catalyst, an ester of phosphoric acid (triethylphosphate) and expanding graphite with acid activation in flakes as flame retardant agents, water. After preparation, component A can be stored at room temperature, in a closed container, for about six months.

Component B isocyanate is a polymer blend based on 4,4 'diphenylmethane of isocyanate (MDI) with homologs and isomers, said polymer blend having functionality about 2.9 and with total NCO content in component B between 30.5% and 32.5% by weight (Desmodur, Covestro). Component B can be stored at room temperature, in a closed container to avoid the reaction of the isocyanate group with atmospheric humidity, for about six months.

In a container containing a known quantity of component A is added, under stirring, an amount of component B calculated in order to obtain an isocyanate index equal to 300. The values are shown in table 1. The mixture obtained is injected into the mold where hardens.

After 5 minutes the mold is open and after 24 hours at room temperature a prismatic polymer specimen is placed in an oven, in the air, with a load of 5g / cm2 placed on the upper face and subjected to heating in air according to the temperature / curve. time of EN ISO 1634-1. The specimen carbonizes without deforming, pouring, without the formation of flames and / or dense smoke.

In table 1 the compositions of the samples are summarized, in table 2 the evaluation of the same. The assessment is performed qualitatively: the presence of flames is observed, the emission of dense smoke, light smoke, the polymer casting due to its melting, the deformation due to its own weight and the applied load. The specimen is required to carbonize without deforming, pouring and without the formation of flames and dense smoke.

Samples 2 and 3

With the method described above, samples 2 and 3 were prepared using an aromatic polyester polyol with functionality between 2 and 2.5, hydroxyl number 250 mg KOH / g; (ISOEXTER), with a first N-ethyl morpholine catalyst, a second potassium acetate catalyst in diethylene glycol and a third quaternary N-hydroxy-alkyl ammonium carboxylated catalyst in ethylene glycol. Further components and / or characteristics are indicated in table 1, the results obtained in table 2.

Samples 4 and 5

With the method described in example 1, samples 4 and 5 were prepared using an aliphatic / aromatic polyester polyol with functionality between 2.0 and 2.5 (ISOEXTER) with hydroxyl number 240 mg KOH / g; obtained from the condensation of glycols or glycol mixtures from 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as ethylene glycol, diethylene, butandiol, trimethylolpropane, glycerin, with aliphatic carboxylic acids from 4 to 12 carbon atoms such as adipic, succinic, glutaric acid , azelaic, sebacic, decanoic, dodecanoic and with carboxylic acids with at least one aromatic ring such as for example terephthalic acid or ortho-phthalic anhydride. Other components as in examples 2 and 3, Additional components and / or characteristics are indicated in table 1, the results obtained in table 2.

Samples 6 and 7

With the method and components of example 1, samples 6 and 7 were prepared to which the expanding agent was added and the graphite removed. Further components and / or characteristics are indicated in table 1, the results obtained in table 2.

Sample 8

With the method described above, sample 8 was prepared using an aliphatic polyester polyol with functionality between 2 and 2.5, hydroxyl number 160 mg KOH / g; (ISOEXTER), obtained from the condensation of glycols or mixtures of glycols from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, such as for example ethylene glycol, diethylene, butanediol, trimethylolpropane, glycerin with aliphatic carboxylic acids from 4 to 12 carbon atoms such as adipic acid , succinic, glutaric, azelaic, sebacic, decanoic, with a first N-ethyl morpholine or N, N dimethylcyclohexylamine catalyst, a second potassium acetate catalyst in diethylene glycol and a third N-hydroxy-alkyl ammonium quaternary carboxylated catalyst in ethylene glycol. Further components and / or characteristics are indicated in table 1, the results obtained in table 2.

Sample 9

With the method and components of example 1, the sample was prepared to which the expanding agent was added. Further components and / or characteristics are indicated in table 1, the results obtained in table 2.

Table 1

Parts referred to 100 of polyol, values expressed as phr (parts per hundredresin)

C 1 C 2 C 3 C 4 C 5 C 6 C 7 C 8 C 9 Polyol 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Polyol functionality 2 2.5 2.5 2 2 2 2.5 2 2.5 Hydroxyl number 250 250 250 240 240 250 250 160 250 Potassium octate 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

N-ethyl morpholine - 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.0 Potassium acetate - 2 2.5 2.5

N-hydroxy-alkyl

quaternary ammonium - 0.7 0.7 0.7 carboxylate

Surfactant 4 2.5 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.5 4 2.5 2.5 Water 0.4 0.5 1.1 1.7 4.8 3.1 5.3 0.9 5 , 6 Flame retardant

11 10 11 10 10 11 12 11 12 (triethylphosphate)

Expanding graphite 5 5 10 10 10 10 Isocyanate 180 180 180 143 180 180 180 120 180 Isocyanate functionality 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.85 2.85 2.85 2.85 2.85 2.9 NCO% weight in isocyanate 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.5 31.5 31.5 31.5 31.5 31.5 Density kg / m3 400 350 150 100 35 50 30 150 30

Table 2

Achieved results

C 1 C 2 C 3 C 4 C 5 C 6 C 7 C 8 <C 9>

Dense smoke no no no no no no no yes no Light smoke no yes yes yes no yes yes yes no Flame no no no no no no no yes no Leaking no no no yes no no yes no Deformation no yes no yes no no no yes no Examples of the creation of profiles for security doors and windows

Using the mixture of sample 1 and sample 9, different profiles for safety doors and windows were created, illustrated in FIGS. 1 - 6. In these figures, the frame of the profile is indicated with 10, while the polyisocyanurate is indicated with 20.

The figures concern:

FIG. 1: profile for fireproof windows with side structures in any material, central bearing structure in which the steel hardware can be housed, union between the parts in polyisocyanurate;

FIG. 2: profile for fireproof windows with side structures in any material and central part in polyisocyanurate with U-shaped structure. The hardware is located in the cavity and can be covered, for example, with an easily removable snap-on sheet. In this way it is possible to carry out the obligatory maintenance of the hardware of the fire door frame without removing the frame from the hinges, simply by removing the covering sheet;

FIG. 3: profile for fire-resistant windows with side structures in any material, central load-bearing structure in pultruded (broad hatching), connection of the structures in polyisocyanurate (narrow hatching). The polyisocyanurate having a composition as in example 1 is prepared in situ by injecting into the cavity formed by the other pre-assembled elements and an external mold. Central hole for the passage of the hardware;

FIG. 4: profile for fire-resistant doors and windows obtained by adapting a classic non-fire-resistant structure. Lateral load-bearing structures connected to each other with continuous thermal break profiles (usually in polyamide), made fireproof simply by filling it by injection of polyisocyanurate (in situ) using the structure as a formwork.

FIG. 5: steel blind fire door elevation.

FIG. 6: vertical section of the door of FIG. 5. Internal insulation in polyisocyanurate with density from 30 kg / m3 to 100 kg / m3 prepared in situ by injecting the components into the cavity formed by the pre-assembled box of the door used as formwork.

Claims (15)

CLAIMS 1. The use of a polyisocyanurate for the production of profiles for doors and windows, in which the polyisocyanurate is prepared starting from a polyisocyanurate system that includes aromatic polyisocyanates and compounds with reactive groups towards isocyanates, in which: - polyisocyanates have functionality greater than or equal to 2.5; And - the compounds reactive towards the isocyanates consist of polyols having substantially all primary hydroxyl groups. Use according to claim 1, wherein the polyisocyanates have functionality ranging from 2.7 to 2.9, Use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyols are of the aromatic polyester type. Use according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the polyols have functionality greater than or equal to 2. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the polyols have a hydroxyl number comprised between 150 mgKOH / g and 350 mgKOH / g. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the isocyanates have an isocyanate index comprised between 300 and 350. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyisocyanurate system further includes at least one surfactant. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyisocyanurate system is free of chain extending agents. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyisocyanurate system is free of tertiary amine. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyisocyanurate system includes at least one flame retardant agent. Use according to the preceding claim, wherein said flame-retardant agent is expanding graphite and / or triethylphosphate. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyisocyanurate system has a density greater than 20 kg / m3. 13. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the doors and windows are fireproof, flame-resistant, smoke-resistant or similar safety doors and windows. 14. A profile for making doors and windows, in particular fireproof, flame-resistant, smoke-resistant or similar safety doors, comprising or consisting of a polyisocyanurate as defined in any one of the preceding claims. 15. A window, in particular blind for fire, flame, smoke or similar safety, comprising or consisting of a polyisocyanurate as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13.