IT201700008995A1 - CATALYST FOR HEAVY VEHICLES - Google Patents

Description

CATALYST FOR HEAVY VEHICLES.

TEXT OF THE DESCRIPTION

The field of technology to which the invention refers is that of the automotive industry, specifically heavy transport and work vehicles.

The objective of this invention is due to the just and restrictive rules regarding pollution and polluting emissions, so it has come to the need to reduce those that are pollutants, harmful to the environment and to man, present in the exhaust gases of engine systems. The main purpose of a catalyst is to break down these pollutants. The operating principle is to promote the oxidation and reduction reactions of pollutants and unburnt products by producing C02, H20 and N2 which are not harmful to humans and the environment. In particular, in diesel engines there is also the selective reduction which is the most efficient current solution for the reduction of NOx.

The various components of a catalyst are shown in the graphic tables and in the following table:

NUMBER DESCRIPTION MATERIALS QUANTITY

1 Upper cover EN 10346 1 2 Exhaust cone EN 10346 1 3 Lower cover EN 10346 3 4 Filter holder EN 10346 2 5 Ceramic filter 4 6 Inlet cone EN 10346 1 7 Delivery pipe EN 10346 1 8 Return pipe EN 10346 1 9 AdBlue injector AISI304 1 10 Thermal probe AISD04 1 11 Sound absorbing sponge Glass wool 1 12 Probe Nox AISI304 1 13 Internal protection shell EN Γ0346 1 14 External protection shell EN 10346 1

Specifically, the external components of a catalyst are (see Table 1):

- Top Cover (1);

- Exhaust cone (2);

- Lower Cover (3);

- Entrance cone (6);

* AdBlue injectors (9); ; - Thermal Probe (10); ; - Sound absorbing sponge (11); ; - NOx probe (12); ; - Internal Protection Shell (13); ; * External Protection Shell (14).

The curved sheet metal which constitutes the internal protection shell (13) is obtained by means of a calendering process, during which a curved shape similar to that of a cylinder is given to a flat sheet.

Both the upper and lower cover (1 and 3) and the external protection shell (14) are made up of pressed sheets coupled by a welding process which is mainly electrode or resistance.

The thermal probe (10), the NOx probe (12) and the AdBlue injector (9), are elements coming from machining processes such as lathe or milling machine depending on the shape to be made.

While, the internal components of a catalyst are:

- Filter holder (4);

- Ceramic filter (5);

- Delivery pipe (7);

- Return pipe (8).

The process of making internal piping, whether it be delivery or return (7 and 8), is divided into two parts, depending on whether you want to make perforated pipes (whose purpose is to attenuate the pressure of the exhaust gases and then lower the temperature), obtained from perforated sheet metal that are calendered and welded, or simple pipes (whose function is to convey the exhaust gases from the inlet to the outlet by making them pass through the filter), obtained by bending commercial pipes thanks to the help of bending machines.

The sound-absorbing sponge (11) is a commercial element cut to size, in such a way as to pad the space between the sheets that make up the lids, moreover it is wrapped on the internal protective shell (13) so as to fill the space it and the outer protective shell. The sound-absorbing sponge also has the function of attenuating the sound thus reducing the vibrations that can produce fatigue phenomena.

The filter (4 and 5) is the heart of the catalyst, in fact, it is when the aforementioned oxidation and reduction reactions take place, it is made up of a calendered sheet (13) (which makes up the filter casing) inside which there is another sound-absorbing sponge and anti-vibration metal mesh material whose purpose is to reduce vibrations that could damage the innermost part of the filter (4 and 5) made of ceramic (both ceramic and metal mesh material are commercial elements).

The shape and external dimensions of the muffler can be adapted to any type, depending on the characteristics of the vehicle on which they will be installed.

The composition of the noble materials varies according to the emission class of the vehicle.

MATERIALS

In table 1 above, the relative materials used are listed for each component. Most of the structural elements described so far, both external and internal, are made of aluminized steel EN 10346, the sound-absorbing sponge instead is made of glass wool while the innermost part of the filter is a ceramic honeycomb element. ape, wetted with noble materials such as platinum, rhodium and gold, whose composition varies according to the emission class of the vehicle. In addition, the probes are made of stainless steel.

Claims (4)

CATALYST FOR HEAVY VEHICLES CLAIMS 1) The catalyst for heavy vehicles is characterized by filters (5) (see Table 1) in honeycomb ceramic wetted by noble materials such as platinum, rhodium and gold, it is the heart of the catalyst, in fact, it is there that the above mentioned oxidation and reduction reactions take place. 2) The catalyst for heavy vehicles is characterized by perforated internal pipes (7) (see Table n.l) which have the purpose of attenuating the pressure of the exhaust gases and therefore lowering the temperature. 3) The catalyst for heavy vehicles is characterized by a sound-absorbing glass wool sponge (11) (see Table 1), i.e. a commercial element cut in such a way as to fill the space between the sheets that make up each cover, but the its main function is to attenuate the sound thus also reducing the vibrations that can produce fatigue phenomena. 4) The catalyst for heavy vehicles is characterized by a sound-absorbing sponge and metal mesh material interposed between the calendered sheets (13 and 14) (see Table 1) whose purpose is to reduce vibrations that could damage the innermost part of the filter .