IE74129B1 - A plant growth stimulant and a process for producing the plant growth stimulant - Google Patents
A plant growth stimulant and a process for producing the plant growth stimulantInfo
- Publication number
- IE74129B1 IE74129B1 IE940496A IE940496A IE74129B1 IE 74129 B1 IE74129 B1 IE 74129B1 IE 940496 A IE940496 A IE 940496A IE 940496 A IE940496 A IE 940496A IE 74129 B1 IE74129 B1 IE 74129B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- seaweed
- peat
- aqueous mixture
- plant growth
- nutrients
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-m-cresol Chemical group CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1Cl CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000004454 Fucus serratus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000208152 Geranium Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011874 heated mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000021 stimulant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000512260 Ascophyllum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006497 Dianthus caryophyllus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009355 Dianthus caryophyllus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000195480 Fucus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001598113 Laminaria digitata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000296380 Laminaria hyperborea Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000088415 Raphanus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000208422 Rhododendron Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 and preferably Substances 0.000 description 1
- JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(O)=O JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MSXHSNHNTORCAW-MPGIDXPLSA-M sodium;(3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].O[C@@H]1OC(C([O-])=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O MSXHSNHNTORCAW-MPGIDXPLSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
In a process for the producing a plant growth stimulant derived from a mixture of seaweed and peat an aqueous solution of a base e.g. sodium carbonate is prepared, to which is added seaweed and peat. The aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat is heated to a temperature of at least 100 DEG C e.g. to approximately 150 DEG C at 5 bar for approximately four hours, until substantially all of the alginates, nutrients and humates in the seaweed and peat have passed into solution. The aqueous mixture is then cooled, and the aqueous solution containing the extracted alginates, nutrients and humates is separated from the residue. The solution is a 15% concentrate of alginate, nutrients and humates and may be preserved, or alternatively spray dried. The residue is composted.
Description
A plant growth stimulant and a process for producing the plant growth stimulant”
The present invention relates to a process for producing a plant growth stimulant, and in particular, for producing a plant growth stimulant derived from seaweed. The invention also relates to a plant growth stimulant when produced from seaweed.
Seaweed is known to be a valuable source of nutrients which are particularly suitable as plant growth stimulants for use in horticulture and agriculture. It is known to extract the nutrients from seaweed by preparing an aqueous solution of seaweed which is heated, generally, under pressure. The aqueous solution containing the extracted nutrients is separated from the seaweed residue, and is used as a plant growth stimulant. Depending on the nutrient concentration of the solution, the solution is diluted with water, and/or mixed with other growth stimulant preparations and fertilizer prior to application to the plants. However, the efficacy of nutrients extracted solely from the seaweed has been found to be limited. Additionally, difficulties arise in filtration of the aqueous solution of seaweed in that in general the aqueous solution contains large numbers of relatively small particles, and it is desirable that they be filtered out of solution. However, because of the relatively small size of such particles, they tend to lead to blockages of filters. Additionally, the residue filtered from solution, in general, is of little value.
There is therefore a need for a process for producing a plant growth stimulant from seaweed which overcomes problems associated with known processes for production of such a plant growth stimulant, and there is furthermore, a need for a plant growth stimulant which overcomes problems of known stimulants prepared from seaweed.
The present invention is directed for providing such a process and a plant growth stimulant.
According to the invention there is provided a process for producing a plant growth stimulant comprising the steps of heating an aqueous mixture of seaweed, peat and a chemical base to a temperature of at least 100°C until a substantial proportion of alginates, nutrients and humates in the seaweed and peat pass into solution, and separating the aqueous solution containing the extracted alginates, nutrients and humates from the residue to form the plant growth stimulant.
Preferably, the aqueous mixture is heated under pressure.
In one aspect of the invention the aqueous mixture is heated under a pressure of at least 2 bar. Preferably, the aqueous mixture is heated under a pressure of at least 4 bar. Advantageously, the aqueous mixture is heated under a pressure of approximately 5 bar. It is preferable that the aqueous mixture is heated to a temperature of at least 120°C. Preferably, the aqueous mixture is heated to a temperature of at least 140°C. Ideally, the aqueous mixture is heated to a temperature of at least 150°C.
In a preferred aspect of the invention the chemical base is sodium carbonate, and is provided in an amount sufficient for extracting alginates, nutrients and humates from the seaweed and peat. Preferably, the aqueous mixture contains sodium carbonate in an amount in the range of 0.10 to 0.25 parts of sodium carbonate by weight to 1 part dry weight of seaweed and peat. Ideally, the aqueous mixture contains sodium carbonate in an amount of approximately 0.18 parts of sodium carbonate by weight to 1 part dry weight of seaweed and peat.
It is preferable that the proportion of peat to seaweed is in the range of 0.05 to 0.15 parts peat dry weight to 1 part seaweed dry weight. In a preferred example of the invention the proportion of peat to seaweed is approximately 0.10 parts dry weight of peat to 1 part dry weight of seaweed.
It is preferable that the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat is agitated during heating, and preferably, the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat is heated in a sealed reaction vessel.
Preferably, the seaweed and peat are mixed together 10 prior to preparation of the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat, and advantageously, the seaweed is chopped prior to preparation of the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat.
The aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat is cooled prior 15 to separation of the aqueous solution containing extracted alginates, nutrients and humates from the residue. Preferably, the aqueous solution containing the extracts is separated from the residue in a horizontal decanter, and advantageously, the aqueous solution containing the extracts is centrifuged.
After cooling and separation, the aqueous solution containing the extracts should contain alginates, nutrients and humates in a concentration of approximately 15% by weight.
In one aspect of the invention the aqueous solution containing the extracts is subjected to evaporation for increasing the concentration of the alginates, nutrients and humates to at least 25% by weight. In another aspect of the invention the aqueous solution containing the extracts is subjected to evaporation for increasing the concentration of the alginates, nutrients and humates of approximately 30% by weight.
Preferably, a preservative is added to the aqueous solution containing the extracts, and preferably, the preservative is parachlorometacresol.
Alternatively, the aqueous solution containing the extracts is subjected to spray drying for forming a dried powder containing the alginates, nutrients and humates.
In another aspect of the invention the residue from the aqueous mixture is composted.
Further, the invention provides a plant growth stimulant derived from an aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat, wherein the plant growth stimulant is produced using the process according to the invention.
Further the invention provides a compost prepared from the residue of an aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat wherein the residue is derived from the process according to the invention.
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description of an embodiment thereof which is given by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawing which illustrates a process flow chart of a process according to the invention for producing a plant growth stimulant.
Referring to the drawings a plant growth stimulant is prepared from an aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat.
In this example the peat, block 1 in the drawing is of moisture content of approximately 40% by weight, while the seaweed, block 2 in the drawing is freshly harvested seaweed with a moisture content of the order of 75% by weight, approximately. In this case, two seaweeds are used, namely, Ascophyllum modosum and
Fucus serratus. It is however envisaged that seaweed meal or other forms of dried and/or preserved seaweed may be used. Where seaweed meal is used, it is envisaged that the moisture content of the seaweed meal would be in the order of 10% to 12% by weight. The fresh seaweed is initially washed with fresh water to reduce the salt content of the seaweed to approximately 1% by weight of fresh seaweed approximately.
In this example the seaweed and peat are mixed in the ratio of 1 part peat dry weight to 9 parts seaweed dry weight approximately. The mixture of seaweed and peat is delivered into a chopper, block 3 where the mixture is thoroughly chopped and macerated, with the seaweed being chopped to a particle size not greater than 15mm.
An aqueous chemical base solution of water and sodium carbonate is prepared, and an aqueous mixture of the sodium carbonate aqueous chemical base solution and the chopped seaweed and peat is then prepared and placed in a reaction vessel, block 4. In this example the reaction vessel 4 is a jacketed pressure vessel (steam or autoclave). The aqueous chemical base solution contains sodium carbonate in an amount of 0.18 parts approximately sodium carbonate by weight to 1 part seaweed dry weight. The aqueous chemical base solution and the seaweed and peat are mixed in the proportions
0.05 to 0.15 parts approximately dry weight seaweed and peat to 1 part by weight aqueous chemical base solution. The reaction vessel 4 is sealed and the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat is heated to a temperature of approximately 150°C at a pressure of 5 bar until a substantial portion of the alginates and nutrients in the seaweed and the humates in the peat have passed into the aqueous solution. It has been found that approximately 95% of the alginates and 97% of the humates pass into solution within approximately two hours. After the aqueous mixture has been heated for four hours approximately, the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat is cooled to a temperature of 60°C approximately in a plate cooler, block 5. The cooled aqueous mixture is passed into a horizontal decanter, block 6 where the aqueous solution containing the extracted alginates, nutrients and humates is separated from the residue. The residue is collected from the horizontal decanter in a collection vessel, block 7.
The separated aqueous solution containing the extracts is centrifuged in a high speed vertical centrifuge, block 8 and any residual solids are collected in the vessel 7. The aqueous solution containing the extracts is collected from the centrifuge 8 in a collection tank 9, and is at a concentration of approximately 15% alginates, nutrients and humates. The 15% concentrated solution may then be preserved by the addition of a suitable preservative, for example, parachlorometacresol, block 10, and is then stored in a storage vessel 11 for bottling for subsequent sale, or for sale in bulk as the plant growth stimulant. In this example, the preservative parachlorometacresol is added to the 15% concentrated solution in the ratio of 0.003 parts by volume parachlorometacresol to 1 part by volume enriched aqueous solution.
Alternatively, the 15% concentrated solution is delivered to an evaporator 12 where the concentration of alginates, nutrients and humates is increased to
%. The 30% concentrated solution may be preserved, block 14 in the drawing, to form the plant growth stimulant by the addition of the preservative parachlorometacresol in the ratio of 0.03 parts by volume preservative to 1 part 30% concentrated solution by volume. The preserved solution is then stored in a storage vessel 15. Alternatively, the 30% concentrated solution may be spray dried in a spray drier 16 to form an alginates, nutrients and humates rich powder. The powder is stored in a storage vessel 17 for sale as the plant growth stimulant.
The residue collected in the collection vessel 7 is composted block 18. Such composting processes will be known to those skilled in the art.
Prior to use, where the plant growth stimulant is provided in liquid form, the plant growth stimulant is diluted with water to produce a solution with a concentration of alginates, nutrients and humates in the range of 0.03% to 0.06% by weight for application to plants and crops. The concentration will depend on the plants and crops to which the plant growth stimulant is being applied. It has been found that significantly improved growth rates of the following plants geranium, chrysanthemum, and the like can be achieved by applying a dilute solution of plant growth stimulant of concentration of approximately 0.04% by volume. It has also been found that significantly improved growth rates are achieved by applying a dilute solution of plant growth stimulant with a concentration of approximately 0.03% by volume to the following crops potatoes, sugar beet and the like. In general, it is recommended that the dilute solution of plant growth stimulant should be applied daily to plants and crops.
Where the plant growth stimulant is provided in powder form, the plant growth stimulant is reconstituted by the addition of water and diluted to provide dilute solutions as discussed above.
The compost has been found to be particularly suitable for addition to amenity grass as a top dressing.
The process for preparing the plant growth stimulant according to the invention has many advantages. It has been found that the yield of alginates and nutrients is higher than can be achieved in known processes where seaweed is processed on its own. In general, it has been found that yields as high as 1.5 times higher than those which would normally be expected have been achieved. Why these higher yields are being achieved, is not fully understood, however, it is believed that the addition of peat to the seaweed may act as a catalyst for releasing more of the alginates from the seaweed than would otherwise be possible.
Additionally, the aqueous solution containing the extracted alginates, nutrients and humates can be more easily separated from the residue after cooling of the aqueous mixture. It is believed that this is achieved by virtue of the fact that the aqueous mixture contains peat. It is believed that the peat tends to gather up the smaller particles of seaweed residue in solution, thereby increasing the minimum particle size of the residue which, in turn, avoids blockage of filters.
It has been found that the plant growth stimulant produced according to the process of the invention is particularly suitable for use in both horticultural and agricultural applications. It has been found that use of dilute solutions of the plant growth stimulant on plants and crops, improves the growth rate significantly over and above that which would normally be expected from a dilute plant growth stimulant solution of substantially similar concentration, where the plant growth stimulant was originally derived from seaweed alone. Indeed, it has been found that growth rates of 1.1 to 1.5 times greater than would normally be expected are being achieved by use of dilute solutions of the plant growth stimulant.
In particular, the plant growth stimulant has been found to significantly enhance growth of the following plants:
Rhododendron
Chrysanthemum
Geranium
Cucumbers
Carnations
Radish
The plant growth stimulant has been found to significantly enhance growth of the following crops:
Potatoes Barley
Wheat Sugar Beet
The plant growth stimulant when applied to plants and crops in liquid form, is generally sprayed on the plants and/or crops. Alternatively, in certain cases, the plant growth stimulant in powder form may be distributed over plants and crops by any suitable powder distribution means. Typically, the plant growth stimulant in powder form would be distributed over land prior to rain so that the rain would wash the alginates, nutrients and humates in the powder into the soil.
The reduction of the amount of salt in the seaweed prior to chopping provides a plant growth stimulant which is suitable for use with crops where a relatively low salt content is desirable.
While the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat has been heated to a temperature of approximately 150°C at a pressure of 5 bar, it is envisaged that good results would be achieved by maintaining the temperature of the heated mixture at a temperature of at least 120°C, at a pressure of 2 bar, approximately. Indeed, adequate results would be achieved by maintaining the temperature of the heated mixture at a temperature of at least 140°C and a pressure of approximately 4 bar during the period while the alignates, nutrients and humates are passing into solution.
It will be appreciated that other means for separating the residue from the aqueous solution containing the extracts may be used besides a horizontal decanter and vertical centrifuge. It will also be appreciated that other preservatives besides parachlorometacresol may be used for preserving the enriched aqueous solution, and needless to say, the enriched aqueous solution may be provided in concentrates other than those described.
It is also envisaged that other chemical bases besides sodium carbonate may be used. Indeed, it is envisaged in certain cases that potassium carbonate may be used, and in certain cases, it is envisaged that a mixture of sodium and potassium and sodium carbonate may be used.
While the process has been described as comprising a mixture of specific seaweeds and peat, many other suitable seaweeds may be used, for example, seaweed selected from any one or more of the following:
Fucus Serratus, Fucus vesiculosous, Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea
Claims (32)
1. A process for producing a plant growth stimulant comprising the steps of heating an aqueous mixture of seaweed, peat and a chemical base to a temperature of 5 at least 100°C until a substantial proportion of alginates, nutrients and humates in the seaweed and peat pass into solution, and separating the aqueous solution containing the extracted alginates, nutrients and humates from the residue to form the plant growth 10 stimulant.
2. A process as claimed in Claim 1 in which the aqueous mixture is heated under pressure.
3. A process as claimed in Claim 2 in which the aqueous mixture is heated under a pressure of at least 15 2 bar.
4. A process as claimed in Claim 3 in which the aqueous mixture is heated under a pressure of at least 4 bar.
5. A process as claimed in Claim 4 in which the 20 aqueous mixture is heated under a pressure of approximately 5 bar.
6. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the aqueous mixture is heated to a temperature of at least 120°C.
7. A process as claimed in Claim 6 in which the Λ>· aqueous mixture is heated to a temperature of at least 140°C.
8. A process as claimed in Claim 7 in which the aqueous mixture is heated to a temperature of at least 150°C.
9. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the chemical base is sodium carbonate, and is provided in an amount sufficient for extracting alginates, nutrients and humates from the seaweed and peat.
10. A process as claimed in Claim 9 in which the aqueous mixture contains sodium carbonate in an amount in the range of 0.10 to 0.25 parts of sodium carbonate by weight to 1 part dry weight of seaweed and peat.
11. A process as claimed in Claim 10 in which the aqueous mixture contains sodium carbonate in an amount v of approximately 0.18 parts of sodium carbonate by weight to 1 part dry weight of seaweed and peat. '
12. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the proportion of peat to seaweed is in the range of 0.05 to 0.15 parts peat dry weight to 1 part dry weight of seaweed. 5
13. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the proportion of peat to seaweed is approximately 0.10 parts dry weight of peat to 1 part dry weight of seaweed.
14. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in 10 which the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat is agitated during heating.
15. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat is heated in a sealed reaction vessel. 15
16. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the seaweed and peat are mixed together prior to preparation of the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat.
17. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the seaweed is chopped prior to preparation of 20 the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat.
18. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat is cooled prior to separation of the aqueous solution containing extracted alginates, nutrients and humates from the residue. 5
19. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the aqueous solution containing the extracts is separated from the residue in a horizontal decanter.
20. A process as which the aqueous centrifuged. claimed in any preceding claim in solution containing the extracts is
21. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the aqueous solution containing the extracts contains alginates, nutrients and humates in a concentration of approximately 15% by weight. 15
22. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the aqueous solution containing the extracts is subjected to evaporation for increasing the concentration of the alginates, nutrients and humates to at least 25% by weight. 20
23. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the aqueous solution containing the extracts is * subjected to evaporation for increasing the concentration of the alginates, nutrients and humates of approximately 30% by weight.
24. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which a preservative is added to the aqueous solution 5 containing the extracts.
25. A process as claimed in Claim 24 in which the preservative is parachlorometacresol.
26. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the aqueous solution containing the extracts is 10 subjected to spray drying for forming a dried powder containing the alginates, nutrients and humates.
27. A process as claimed in any preceding claim in which the residue from the aqueous mixture is composted. 15
28. A process for producing a plant growth stimulant, the process being substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawing. i
29. A plant growth stimulant derived from an aqueous 20 mixture of seaweed and peat, wherein the plant growth stimulant is produced using the process of any of Claims 1 to 28.
30. A plant growth stimulant substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawing. 5
31. A compost prepared from the residue of an aqueous mixture of seaweed and peat wherein the residue is derived from the process of any of Claims 1 to 28.
32. A compost substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying 10 drawing.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE940496A IE74129B1 (en) | 1994-06-17 | 1994-06-17 | A plant growth stimulant and a process for producing the plant growth stimulant |
| GB9511895A GB2290290A (en) | 1994-06-17 | 1995-06-12 | A plant growth stimulant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE940496A IE74129B1 (en) | 1994-06-17 | 1994-06-17 | A plant growth stimulant and a process for producing the plant growth stimulant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IE940496A1 IE940496A1 (en) | 1995-12-27 |
| IE74129B1 true IE74129B1 (en) | 1997-07-02 |
Family
ID=11040436
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE940496A IE74129B1 (en) | 1994-06-17 | 1994-06-17 | A plant growth stimulant and a process for producing the plant growth stimulant |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2290290A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE74129B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005080297A1 (en) * | 2004-01-23 | 2005-09-01 | Simon Njoroge Mwaura | Method of converting aquatic plants especially hyacinth into useful products |
| US20090191325A1 (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2009-07-30 | Marine 3 Technologies H0Ldings (Pty) Ltd. Suite8, Panaorama Office Estate | Surface active ingredient composition |
| IT1390615B1 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2011-09-09 | Domenico Terenzio | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF FERTILIZING COMPOSITIONS AND NATURAL SURFACTANTS FOR WASHING, RECLAMATION AND CUTTING OF CONTAMINATED SOIL AND RELATIVE COMPOSITIONS. |
| CN104135862B (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2016-01-13 | 先正达参股股份有限公司 | plant growth regulation |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB664989A (en) * | 1949-09-14 | 1952-01-16 | Plant Productivity Ltd | Improvements in or relating to horticultural and agricultural fertilizers |
| GB1157349A (en) * | 1966-12-12 | 1969-07-09 | Ralph Bridwell Moxham | Soil Fertiliser |
| JPS511263A (en) * | 1974-06-24 | 1976-01-07 | Motoko Abe | Jukishitsudojokairyozainoseizoho |
| US4337077A (en) * | 1980-09-09 | 1982-06-29 | Rutherford Joseph P | Agricultural inoculant composition |
| US4383845A (en) * | 1982-01-15 | 1983-05-17 | Rutherford Joseph P | Foliar growth promoting mixture |
-
1994
- 1994-06-17 IE IE940496A patent/IE74129B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-06-12 GB GB9511895A patent/GB2290290A/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2290290A (en) | 1995-12-20 |
| GB9511895D0 (en) | 1995-08-09 |
| IE940496A1 (en) | 1995-12-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Patent lapsed |