HRP20000246A2

HRP20000246A2 - Process for restoring the level of water in boilers of steam generating machines

Info

Publication number: HRP20000246A2
Application number: HR20000246A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Gianluigi Comelli
Original assignee: Vapor Service S R L
Priority date: 1997-09-30
Filing date: 1998-09-08
Publication date: 2001-02-28
Also published as: ES2184325T3; HRP20000246B1; WO1999017056A1; ITUD970173A1; EP1019655A1; DE69808955T2; ATE226704T1; AU9538498A; IT1295505B1; EP1019655B1; DE69808955D1

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for restoring the level of water in boilers (11) of steam generating machines (10) to be associated with appliances such as flatirons, cleaning devices, etc. The steam generating machines comprise a boiler (11), an auxiliary water tank (12), a pump (13) connecting said auxiliary water tank (12) to said boiler (11), a starting and control device (17) for starting and controlling the operation of said pump (13), said starting and control device (17) being associated to means (14) for detecting a predetermined minimum level (L0) of water inside the boiler (11). The operation of the pump (13) is operatively associated with the value of the instantaneous pressure existing at the interior of the boiler (11).

Description

Predloženi izum odnosi se na postupak za nadoknađivanje razine vode u bojlerima generatora pare. The proposed invention relates to a procedure for compensating the water level in boilers of steam generators.

Izum se primjenjuje na generatorima pare koji se povezuju s raznim aparatima kao što su glačala, uređaji za čišćenje, uređaji za vlaženje zraka itd., i namijenjen je za dobivanje kontroliranog i točnog punjenja bojlera, čime se osigurava da generator pare uvijek funkcionira u uvjetima najbolje učinkovitosti. The invention is applied to steam generators connected to various appliances such as irons, cleaning devices, humidifiers, etc., and is intended to obtain a controlled and accurate filling of the water heater, thus ensuring that the steam generator always functions in the best conditions efficiency.

Poznati su generatori pare u koje su ugrađeni bojleri koji se sastoje od hermetički zatvorenog spremnika, opremljenog s grijaćim otpornicima, čija funkcija je pretvaranje vode u paru. There are well-known steam generators in which boilers are installed, which consist of a hermetically sealed tank, equipped with heating resistors, whose function is to turn water into steam.

Poznati bojleri normalno imaju osjetilo razine koje isključuje otpornike čim razina vode dosegne prethodno određenu minimalnu razinu, a korisniku signalizira to stanje, tako da on može ručno napuniti bojler. Known boilers normally have a level sensor that switches off the resistors as soon as the water level reaches a predetermined minimum level, and signals this state to the user, so that he can manually fill the boiler.

Novu vodu se može dodati samo kad je taj bojler ohlađen ili kad para u njemu više nije pod pritiskom. New water can only be added when the boiler has cooled down or when the steam in it is no longer under pressure.

U novije vrijeme preporučala se je upotreba pomoćnog spremnika za vodu, koji djeluje zajedno sa spomenutim bojlerom i nalazi se u zajedničkom kućištu, pri čemu se pumpe pokreću s ulaznim signalom osjetila razine i bojler se automatski napaja čim se voda spusti ispod minimalne razine. In recent times, the use of an auxiliary water tank has been recommended, which works together with the mentioned water heater and is located in a common housing, where the pumps are started with the input signal of the level sensor and the water heater is automatically energized as soon as the water drops below the minimum level.

Time je moguće izbjeći vrijeme čekanja za hlađenje bojlera i/ili vrijeme čekanja za spuštanje tlaka pare, čime se opet skraćuje vrijeme potrebno za grijanje vode u bojleru na temperaturu isparavanja i osigurava veću sigurnost za korisnika, te štedi na postupcima ručnog punjenja. In this way, it is possible to avoid the waiting time for the boiler to cool down and/or the waiting time for the steam pressure to drop, which again shortens the time needed to heat the water in the boiler to the evaporation temperature and ensures greater safety for the user, and saves on manual filling procedures.

U skladu s talijanskom patentnom prijavom br. UD 96 A 000 224, pod imenom istog prijavitelja kao za predloženi izum, bio je predložen generator pare s automatskim nadopunjavanjem, koji se može namjestiti tako da, prema želji korisnika, radi s dvije funkcije: u prvoj funkciji on radi isprekidano i sa čestim automatskim nadoknađivanjem vode, dok u drugoj funkciji vodu se nadoknađuje s istom pumpom uglavnom za ukupni koristan kapacitet bojlera, koji normalno iznosi približno 2/3 njegovog unutarnjeg volumena. In accordance with the Italian patent application no. UD 96 A 000 224, under the name of the same applicant as for the proposed invention, a steam generator with automatic replenishment was proposed, which can be adjusted so that, according to the user's wishes, it works with two functions: in the first function, it works intermittently and with frequent automatic by making up water, while in the second function water is made up with the same pump mainly for the total useful capacity of the boiler, which is normally approximately 2/3 of its internal volume.

Međutim, pojavio se je problem s punjenjem bojlera u drugoj radnoj funkciji. Poznato je, u stvari, da je brzina protoka pumpe funkcija tlaka u spremniku koji se puni s vodom. However, there was a problem with filling the water heater in the second work function. It is known, in fact, that the flow rate of the pump is a function of the pressure in the tank being filled with water.

U takovoj situaciji, kontrola koja se temelji na vremenu rada pumpe potrebnom za izvršenje punjenja pokazala se je netočnom, jer se količina vode uvedene kroz pumpu u istom vremenskom periodu mijenja ovisno o tlaku unutar bojlera. In such a situation, the control based on the pump operation time required for filling proved to be incorrect, because the amount of water introduced through the pump in the same period of time changes depending on the pressure inside the boiler.

To uzrokuje probleme pri radu zbog činjenice da se bojler napuni previše ili premalo, s obzirom na prethodno utvrđenu maksimalnu razinu, pa radni uvjeti aparata povezanog na generator pare nisu optimalni, jer on može proizvesti paru s prekomjernom vlagom ili paru s nedostatkom vlage potrebne za učinkovitu upotrebu. This causes operational problems due to the fact that the boiler is filled too much or too little, with regard to the previously determined maximum level, so the operating conditions of the apparatus connected to the steam generator are not optimal, because it can produce steam with excessive moisture or steam with a lack of moisture necessary for efficient use.

Dokument DE 37 20 583 A1 opisuje postupak za nadoknađivanje razine vode u bojleru generatora pare, tipa koji uključuje bojler, pomoćno napajanje vode, pumpu koja povezuje pomoćno napajanje vode s bojlerom, sredstvo za detekciju prethodno određene minimalne razine vode unutar bojlera i kontrolni uređaj za kontroliranje rada pumpe. Prema navedenom dokumentu stanja tehnike, kad god se unutar bojlera detektira minimalnu razinu vode, pumpa se uključuje na prethodno određeno konstantno vrijeme rada. Document DE 37 20 583 A1 describes a process for compensating the water level in a boiler of a steam generator, of a type that includes a boiler, an auxiliary water supply, a pump connecting the auxiliary water supply to the boiler, means for detecting a previously determined minimum water level inside the boiler and a control device for controlling pump operation. According to the mentioned state-of-the-art document, whenever a minimum water level is detected inside the boiler, the pump is switched on for a predetermined constant operating time.

Dokument US 4 948 947 A opisuje postupak za nadoknađivanje razine vode u bojleru generatora pare, tipa koji uključuje bojler, pomoćno napajanje vode, pumpu koja povezuje pomoćno napajanje vode s bojlerom, sredstvo za detekciju prethodno određene minimalne razine vode unutar bojlera, sredstvo za detekciju prethodno određene maksimalne razine vode unutar bojlera i kontrolni uređaj za kontroliranje rada pumpe. Kad god razina vode unutar bojlera dosegne minimalnu razinu vode, pumpa se uključuje, a zaustavlja se kad voda dosegne maksimalnu razinu. Document US 4 948 947 A describes a method for compensating the water level in a boiler of a steam generator, of a type that includes a boiler, an auxiliary water supply, a pump connecting the auxiliary water supply to the boiler, means for detecting a previously determined minimum water level inside the boiler, means for detecting a previously certain maximum water levels inside the boiler and a control device to control the operation of the pump. Whenever the water level inside the boiler reaches the minimum water level, the pump starts, and stops when the water reaches the maximum level.

Prema predloženom izumu predviđen je postupak za nadoknađivanje vode u bojleru generatora pare, tipa koji uključuje bojler, pomoćni spremnik za vodu, pumpu koja povezuje pomoćni spremnik za vodu s bojlerom, sredstvo za detekciju prethodno određene minimalne razine vode unutar bojlera, te kontrolni uređaj za kontroliranje rada pumpe, pri čemu taj postupak uključuje slijedeće stupnjeva: According to the proposed invention, a procedure for compensating the water in the boiler of a steam generator, of the type that includes a boiler, an auxiliary water tank, a pump that connects the auxiliary water tank to the boiler, means for detecting a previously determined minimum water level inside the boiler, and a control device for controlling operation of the pump, whereby this procedure includes the following stages:

- pokretanje pumpe kad se detektira da je voda dosegla prethodno određene minimalnu razinu, - starting the pump when it is detected that the water has reached a predetermined minimum level,

- detekciju stvarnog tlaka unutar bojlera ili brzine protoka vode isporučene s pumpom u bojler, - detection of the actual pressure inside the water heater or the flow rate of the water delivered with the pump to the water heater,

- određivanje, na osnovi detektirane brzine protoka ili tlaka, vremena rada pumpe potrebnog da se dosegne željenu maksimalnu razinu punjenja u boleru, i - determination, based on the detected flow rate or pressure, of the pump operation time required to reach the desired maximum filling level in the bolero, and

- rad pumpe za određeno radno vrijeme. - pump operation for a certain working time.

Daljnje značajke izuma bit će jasne iz slijedećeg detaljnog opisa dviju prednosnih izvedbi datih pomoću neograničavajućeg primjera, koji se poziva na priložene crteže, na kojima Further features of the invention will be clear from the following detailed description of two preferred embodiments given by way of non-limiting example, which refers to the attached drawings, in which

slika 1 shematski prikazuje sredstvo za provedbu postupka prema izumu; figure 1 schematically shows a means for carrying out the procedure according to the invention;

slika 2 prikazuje modificiranu izvedbu izuma. Figure 2 shows a modified embodiment of the invention.

Na slikama, referentni broj 10 označava općenito detalj generatora pare u kojem je primijenjen postupak za nadoknađivanje razine vode u bojleru 11 prema izumu. In the figures, the reference number 10 indicates a general detail of the steam generator in which the method for compensating the water level in the boiler 11 according to the invention is applied.

Taj generator 10 uključuje pomoćni spremnik 12 sa vodu, povezan s pumpom 13, koja je preko ulaza 14 povezana s bojlerom 11. Spremnik za vodu 12 se uključuje naredbom pumpe 13 da treba napuniti bojler 11, pri čemu se on dalje grije i zatim dovodi do isparavanja pomoću električnog grijaćeg otpora 15 za stvaranje pare koju se odvodi u aparat (koji nije prikazan) kroz ispusni otvor 16. That generator 10 includes an auxiliary tank 12 with water, connected to a pump 13, which is connected to the water heater 11 through the inlet 14. The water tank 12 is turned on by the command of the pump 13 to fill the water heater 11, whereupon it is further heated and then brought to evaporation by means of electric heating resistance 15 to create steam which is drained into the apparatus (not shown) through the outlet opening 16.

Pumpa 13 radi automatski pomoću pokretačkog i kontrolnog uređaja 17, svaki puta kad voda u bojleru 11 dosegne prethodno određenu najnižu razinu LO, koja se računa tako da se električni otpor 15 uvijek drži uronjen. The pump 13 operates automatically by means of the drive and control device 17, each time the water in the boiler 11 reaches a predetermined lowest level LO, which is calculated so that the electrical resistance 15 is always kept immersed.

U specifičnom slučaju, dosizanje spomenute najniže razine LO detektira ista ulazna cijevi 14, koja djeluje kao ispitivanje provođenja kad razina vode dosegne svoj donji rub 18. In a specific case, reaching the mentioned lowest level LO is detected by the same inlet pipe 14, which acts as a conduction test when the water level reaches its lower edge 18.

U izvedbi prema slici 1, kad god se dosegne spomenutu razinu LO, pumpa 13 se uključuje i radi, kontrolirana satnim mehanizmom 20, tijekom vremena koje je potrebno za dosizanje razine L1, koja odgovara željenoj razini maksimalnog punjenja. In the embodiment according to figure 1, whenever the mentioned level LO is reached, the pump 13 is switched on and operates, controlled by the clock mechanism 20, during the time required to reach the level L1, which corresponds to the desired level of maximum filling.

U specifičnom slučaju, rad pumpe 13 praktički je kontroliran pomoću tlakomjera 19, koji, pomoću trajno detektirane vrijednosti tlaka unutar bojlera 11, kontrolira pumpu 13 preko spomenutog pokretačkog i kontrolnog uređaja, čime uzrokuje da pumpa modificira svoje vrijeme rada prema vrijednosti spomenutog tlaka. In the specific case, the operation of the pump 13 is practically controlled by means of the pressure gauge 19, which, by means of the permanently detected pressure value inside the boiler 11, controls the pump 13 through the mentioned starting and control device, thereby causing the pump to modify its operating time according to the value of the mentioned pressure.

Brzina protoka pumpe 13 je varijabla ovisna o promjeni tlaka u bojleru 11 i stalno se mijenja tijekom nadopunjavanja u skladu s promjenom količine vode sadržane u bojleru 11. The flow rate of the pump 13 is a variable dependent on the change in pressure in the water heater 11 and is constantly changing during refilling in accordance with the change in the amount of water contained in the water heater 11.

Detekcijom brzine protoka pumpe 13 u skladu s tlakom u bojleru može se osigurati, pod bilo kojim okolnostima i bilo kada, kontroliranje uvjeta punjenja modificiranjem vremena rada pumpe 13, čime se osigurava točno dosizanje najviše razine L1. By detecting the flow rate of the pump 13 in accordance with the pressure in the boiler, it is possible to ensure, under any circumstances and at any time, the control of the filling conditions by modifying the operating time of the pump 13, thus ensuring that the highest level L1 is reached accurately.

Takova kontrola brzine protoka, koja se temelji na karakterističnoj krivulji tlak/brzina protoka za specifičnu upotrijebljenu pumpu 13, u skladu s prvim rješenjem, odvija se uglavnom kontinuirano. Such flow rate control, which is based on the characteristic pressure/flow rate curve for the specific pump 13 used, in accordance with the first solution, takes place mainly continuously.

U skladu s drugim rješenjem, spomenuta detekcija dešava se željenom učestalošću, na primjer svake sekunde, također ovisno o mehaničkoj izvedbi pumpe 13. In accordance with the second solution, the mentioned detection occurs with the desired frequency, for example every second, also depending on the mechanical design of the pump 13.

U skladu s modificiranom izvedbom prikazanom na slici 2, na cijev za punjenje, koja povezuje pumpu 13 i bojler 11, postavljen je čitač 21 trenutne brzine protoka. In accordance with the modified version shown in Figure 2, a current flow rate reader 21 is placed on the filling pipe, which connects the pump 13 and the boiler 11.

Spomenuti čitač 21 stalno detektira stvarnu trenutnu brzinu protoka pumpe 13, jer se ona mijenja u skladu s tlakom u bojleru 11, i u povratnoj sprezi kontrolira pokretački i kontrolni uređaj 17 na takav način da on mijenja vrijeme rada pumpe 13 tako da se dobije željeno i točno punjenje pod bilo kojim radnim uvjetima. Said reader 21 constantly detects the actual current flow rate of the pump 13, as it changes according to the pressure in the boiler 11, and in feedback controls the driving and control device 17 in such a way that it changes the operating time of the pump 13 so that the desired and accurate charging under any operating conditions.

Claims

1. Procedure for compensating the water in the boiler (11) of the steam generator (10) of the type that includes the boiler (11), the auxiliary tank (12) for water, the pump (13) which connects the auxiliary tank (12) for water with the boiler (11) , a means (14) for detecting the predetermined minimum water level (LO) inside the boiler (11) and a control device (17) for controlling the operation of the pump (13), characterized by the fact that it includes: - starting the pump (13) when it is detected that the water has reached the previously determined minimum level (L0), - detection of the actual pressure inside the water heater (11) or the flow rate of the water supplied with the pump (13) to the water heater (11), - determination, based on the detected flow rate or pressure, of the pump operation time required to reach the desired maximum level (L1) of filling in the bolero (11), and - operation of the pump (13) during certain working hours.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the current pressure inside the boiler (11) is constantly detected by means of a pressure gauge (19) connected in feedback to the driving and control device (17) of the pump (13).

3. The procedure according to claim 2, indicated by the fact that the correction of the pump (13) operating time is performed continuously.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the correction of the operating time of the pump (13) is performed periodically at any desired frequency.

5. The method according to claim 1, indicated by the fact that the operation of the pump (13) is practically connected to the reader (21) of the flow rate located on the discharge opening of the pump, which is connected in a feedback loop to the driving and control device (17).