HK40003626B - Method for improving the transmission quality between a data collector and a plurality of autonomous measuring units, and communication system - Google Patents

Description

Method and communication system for improving transmission quality between a data collector and a plurality of autonomous measurement units

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a method for improving the transmission quality between a data collector and a plurality of autonomous measuring units, and a corresponding communication system. The method and the communication system according to the invention are particularly suitable for detecting the consumption of heat or energy, electricity, gas or water using consumption measuring instruments.

Background Art

Smart consumption meters (also known as smart meters) are consumption meters connected to the supply network, for example, for heat or energy, electricity, gas, and water. These meters display actual consumption to the respective connected user and are connected to the communication network. Smart consumption meters offer the following advantages: they eliminate the need for manual meter readings and allow for faster billing from suppliers based on actual consumption. Faster reading intervals, in turn, allow for more accurate linking of end-customer tariffs with the evolution of exchange-traded electricity prices. This also significantly improves the utilization of the supply network.

Smart consumption metering instruments are typically assigned to residential units or homes. The measurement data generated there can be read in various ways. For example, the measurement data can be read via the power grid (power lines). However, the consumption metering instruments cannot be connected to a hyperlocal network. Alternatively, the measurement data can be transmitted in the form of data packets or telegrams using mobile radio technology. However, this is very expensive, requiring the installation of a mobile radio module on the consumption metering instrument and has the disadvantage of high current consumption of each consumption metering instrument. Furthermore, the measurement data in the form of data packets or telegrams can also be transmitted by radio, for example in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical) frequency band or in the SRD (Short Range Device) frequency band. The advantage of these frequency ranges is that operators only need general authorization from frequency management. However, the problem is that interference often occurs due to the frequent use of various technical devices such as garage door controls, baby phones, alarm systems, WLAN, Bluetooth, smoke detectors, etc. in these frequency ranges. The measurement data is collected by radio by a fixed or mobile data collector (concentrator), to which the measurement data provided by the transmitter of the consumption metering instrument is transmitted.

For legal reasons, the measurement data transmitted by the transmitters of the consumption measuring instruments to the data collector for consumption evaluation may only be used during specific, very short, prescribed time periods (prescribed times or prescribed time points including time deviations). During these very short, prescribed time periods, the transmitters of all consumption measuring instruments transmit their data packets to the receiver of the data collector. Data packets received outside the prescribed time periods are discarded. It often happens that the transmission of measurement data by the transmitters of different consumption measuring instruments interferes with each other within the prescribed time periods. Specific building characteristics often also lead to interference in the transmission of measurement data from the consumption measuring instruments to the data collector. All these factors result in only a moderate probability of data packets passing through the relevant channels.

Another challenge is that a communication system with two-way radio transmission between the data collector and the consumption meter requires extremely precise time synchronization between the communication module located in the consumption meter area and the communication module of the data collector. Autonomous consumption metering instruments in the communication module area often use simple, low-current quartz crystals as frequency references. Such quartz crystals have a quartz error of 10 to 100 ppm due to manufacturing tolerances, temperature characteristics, and aging. For example, a quartz error of 50 ppm in standard quartz results in a deviation of 4.3 seconds per day, or 26 minutes per year. This, in turn, leads to increased deviations in time synchronization, resulting in increasingly degraded reception performance.

Summary of the Invention

The task of the present invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method of the generic type and a communication system of the generic type, with which the reception between consumption measuring devices and data collectors can be improved.

Solution to the task

The aforementioned object is achieved by the method according to the invention and by the communication system according to the invention.

The invention relates to a method for improving the transmission quality between a data collector and a plurality of measuring units in a communication system having radio transmission, the communication system comprising:

a first communication module, wherein the first communication module is configured to the data collector;

two or more second communication modules, wherein each second communication module is assigned to a measurement unit;

The second communication module is configured to send data to the first communication module via a radio signal.

The first communication module is configured to receive data from the second communication module.

Wherein, the first communication module includes a first frequency reference device,

Wherein, the second communication module includes a second frequency reference device,

The radio signals transmitted by the second communication module to the first communication module within the data transmission range are related to the second frequency reference device, wherein:

At least one parameter selected from the following parameter group is measured by the first communication module of a radio signal transmitted by the corresponding second communication module and received by the first communication module:

bandwidth,

Data rate,

Data rate deviation,

The temperature in the data packet,

the frequency difference Δfrequency derived from the second frequency reference device,

Modulation index and/or

Time of receipt;

estimating an error of the second frequency reference device based on the parameter measurement or a value derived from said parameter measurement, and

adjusting the frequency of the first frequency reference device and/or at least one parameter in the first communication module selected from the group consisting of: data rate, data rate deviation, modulation index, and frequency offset, so as to reduce or eliminate an error in the second frequency reference device or a parameter error related thereto,

It is characterized in that in the first communication module, errors in the radio signal received by the first communication module are reduced or eliminated and a correspondingly corrected radio signal is sent back to the second communication module.

By measuring at least one or more parameters selected from the following parameter group: bandwidth and/or data rate and/or data rate deviation (or data rate error or sampling deviation) and/or temperature in the data packet and/or delta frequency determined by a second frequency reference device and/or modulation index and/or reception time, and then determining the error (quartz error) of the second frequency device of the second communication module based on an estimation of the determined parameter values, frequency measurement and the hardware required for this purpose can be eliminated. The error can be estimated simply using software in a computational approximation model. This is particularly advantageous in the area of the first communication module, i.e., the data collector, because increased computing power is available there compared to a corresponding second communication module assigned to a measuring unit or consumer measuring instrument. Preferably, a pre-programmed procedure can be provided within the context of estimating the quartz error, in which the quartz error determined by the estimation is checked to determine whether it is of such a quality that it affects, i.e., limits, the transmission quality of the radio signal. Accordingly, the frequency of the first frequency reference device and/or at least one parameter in the first communication module selected from the group: data rate, data rate deviation, modulation index, and frequency offset can be adjusted to reduce or eliminate the determined parameter deviation and, therefore, the error of the second frequency reference device. This enables the first communication module to adjust its communication with the second communication module and thus optimize the transmission quality between the first and second communication modules and thus between the measuring unit and the data collector, thereby further increasing the probability of correctly receiving data packets in the above-mentioned operating situation.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the bandwidth of the received radio signal is measured and the data rate error or data rate deviation is determined therefrom. Based on the data rate deviation thus determined, the error of the second frequency reference device is determined. The bandwidth is used as a measure of the data rate deviation.

Alternatively or additionally, a phase shift of the received radio signal can be measured and the frequency shift determined therefrom. The frequency shift can in turn be used to determine an error in the second frequency reference device.

The frequency offset also allows the data rate and the quartz error to be determined together with the modulation index of the received radio signal.

The parameters data rate deviation, frequency offset and reception time can also be determined or measured directly and the quartz error can be estimated using the measurement results.

To perform frequency correction, one or more relevant parameter calibration presets (register settings) are predefined in a lookup table to select a specific parameter. Based on the calculated error of the second frequency reference device, a specific calibration preset is selected from a predetermined set of calibration presets. This is used to adjust the quartz error or the first frequency reference device accordingly.

The corresponding second communication modules (ie the corresponding measuring units or consumer measuring devices) are preferably processed sequentially. The frequency data of the individual measuring units therefore do not need to be stored in a database.

Alternatively or additionally, the hardware of the first frequency device may also be directly adjusted according to the determined parameters. This may be accomplished, for example, by adjusting the hardware of the first communication module (eg, by applying a voltage to a capacitor diode).

By reducing or eliminating errors in the radio signal received by the first communication module and sending a corresponding corrected radio signal back to the second communication module, bidirectional communication between the respective consumption meter and the data collector can be optimized.

By determining and adjusting the modulation index as a radio parameter, a continuous increase in the modulation index error over the length of the corresponding data packet is avoided. This results in the following advantage: due to the adjustment of the modulation index or the modulation index error, the data packet length can be larger than before. This in turn allows the co-transmission of additional data, such as security data or encrypted data for improved encryption. This is particularly advantageous in the case of so-called FSK or MSK modulation.

When receiving a data packet, the receiving frequency at the data collector can be adjusted so that the signal is in the middle of the receiving window. Furthermore, the measuring unit can react to the data collector with this adjustment. This ensures that the process is handled sequentially, i.e., from measuring unit to measuring unit.

Furthermore, the second communication module may include a third frequency reference device having a more frequency-stable quartz oscillator, such as an HF quartz. The frequency of the more frequency-stable third frequency reference device can thus be used to derive the delta frequency of the second frequency reference device, i.e., the frequency of the more frequency-stable third frequency reference device serves as a frequency reference point for the second frequency reference device.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to and also claims protection for a communication system. The communication system has radio transmission and comprises: a first communication module, wherein the first communication module is assigned to a data collector; two or more second communication modules, wherein the second communication modules are each assigned to a measuring unit; wherein the second communication module is configured to send data to the first communication module by means of a radio signal, wherein the first communication module is configured to receive data from the second communication module, wherein the first communication module comprises a first frequency reference device, wherein the second communication module comprises a second frequency reference device, wherein the radio signals transmitted by the second communication module to the first communication module within the data transmission range are dependent on the second frequency reference device, wherein a frequency reference device is provided for Device for correcting data based on a deviation between a first frequency reference device and a second frequency reference device, wherein the first communication module has a measuring device for measuring at least one parameter of a radio signal transmitted by the corresponding second communication module and received by the first communication module, selected from the following parameter group: bandwidth, data rate, data rate deviation, temperature in the data packet, frequency difference Δfrequency derived from the second frequency reference device, modulation index and/or reception time; and the first communication module has a control and calculation unit or is at least connected to the control and calculation unit, which determines the error of the second frequency reference device by estimation based on the parameter measurement value or a value derived from the parameter measurement value. The communication system is characterized in that the first communication module has a measuring device for measuring at least one parameter of the radio signal received by the second communication module, which is selected from the following parameter group: bandwidth, data rate, data rate deviation (data rate error), temperature in the data packet, delta frequency derived from the second frequency reference device, modulation index and/or reception time; and the first communication module has a control and calculation unit or is at least connected to it, which determines the error of the second frequency reference device by calculation based on the parameter measurement value or the value derived therefrom, wherein the error of the radio signal received by the first communication module is reduced or eliminated in the first communication module and the correspondingly corrected radio signal is sent back to the second communication module.

Furthermore, the error of the second frequency reference device or the parameter error related thereto can be reduced or eliminated by adjusting the frequency of the first frequency reference device and/or at least one parameter in the first communication module selected from the group consisting of: data rate, data rate deviation, modulation index and frequency offset.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following describes a specific embodiment of the present invention in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a greatly simplified schematic diagram of a data collector and a plurality of associated consumption measuring instruments;

FIG2 shows a greatly simplified schematic diagram of the basic principle of the invention;

FIG3 shows a list of radio parameters to be determined;

FIG4 shows a detailed view of a first embodiment of a data collector as a component of the communication system according to the invention;

FIG5 shows a greatly simplified schematic diagram of a lookup table;

FIG6 shows another embodiment of a data collector as a component of the communication system according to the present invention;

FIG7 shows a greatly simplified schematic diagram of a consumption measuring instrument with two frequency reference devices and a corresponding frequency diagram of the frequency reference devices; and

FIG. 8 shows a greatly simplified diagram of the time interval between two data packets.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference numeral 1 in FIG1 denotes a communication system comprising a plurality of measuring units or consumption measuring instruments 2. The consumption measuring instruments 2 are, for example, water meters, energy or heat meters, gas meters, electricity meters or the like. Such consumption measuring instruments 2 operate autonomously, i.e. are equipped with their own power supply (batteries). The consumption measuring instruments are typically located in a building installation, such as in the basement of a single-family house or on the corresponding floors of a multi-family house. The respective consumption measuring instruments 2 typically have a display 9 that enables the cumulative meter readings of the consumption measuring instruments 2 to be read. Each consumption measuring instrument 2 also has a communication module (second communication module 17), a control and calculation unit 19, a quartz oscillator (second frequency reference device 18) and an antenna 8.

The communication system 1 also includes a data collector 3 with a frequency reference device 11. This data collector is installed remotely from the individual consumption metering instruments 2, for example, on a roof, and is used to receive data in the form of data packets from the corresponding associated consumption metering instruments 2. The data packets are formed by radio messages 4, which are transmitted from the consumption metering instruments 2 to the data collector 3 at specific times. Preferably, the SRD and/or ISM bands are used for this transmission, which provide a license-free frequency bandwidth for various applications. The radio messages 4 sent by the respective consumption metering instruments 2 are determined by the quartz oscillator of the relevant consumption metering instrument 2. If the quartz oscillator has errors, these errors are inevitably transmitted to the data collector 3 via the radio messages 4.

Due to errors in the quartz oscillator of the consumption meter 2, the radio message 4 has a different frequency or is in a different channel than the data collector 3. This is symbolically illustrated in FIG1 by the radio message 5 "expected by the data collector 3" shown in dashed lines. In the case of ideal communication between the consumption meter 2 and the data collector 3, the consumption meter 2 would have to send a radio message corresponding to the radio message 5 to the data collector 3.

The idea of the present invention is that the data collector 3 measures a specific radio parameter or multiple specific radio parameters when receiving the radio message 4 of the corresponding consumption meter 2. Based on the measured radio parameters, the data collector 3 approximately estimates the error of the second frequency reference device 18 and changes its own frequency reference device 11 in such a way that the determined difference of one or more relevant parameters is eliminated or at least reduced. The data collector 3 thus adjusts the frequency of its own frequency or frequency channel in such a way that the frequencies of the second communication module 17 and the first communication module 10 are at least essentially consistent. The radio message 6 adjusted accordingly by the data collector 3 is sent back to the consumption meter 2 (downlink) by the data collector 3. In this way, the relevant consumption meter 2 is made aware of the tunable, improved communication. The relevant adjustment of the radio message 6 is manifested in that the radio message is consistent with the radio message expected by the data collector (shown in dotted lines) in its frequency position.

FIG2 illustrates this basic concept in a block diagram. The radio message 4 sent by the consumption meter 2 is detected with respect to at least one fixed, predefined radio parameter, and the error of the quartz oscillator of the corresponding consumption meter 2 is estimated based on the radio parameter or parameters. The quartz error estimation is preferably implemented using a mathematical model, for example, in the form of an integral transform, preferably a Fourier transform or a spectral transform. This approximate estimation can advantageously be implemented using software technology. For example, the computing power of the control and computing unit 13 of the data collector 3 is available for this purpose. Alternatively, the data collector 3 can also be connected to an external control and computing unit (such as a cloud computer).

The table in FIG3 shows a list of radio parameters suitable for estimating the error of the quartz oscillator of the consumption meter 2 according to the present invention. For example, the bandwidth of the transmitted radio signal can be used as a radio parameter, and the frequency offset can be determined from this. The frequency offset can in turn be used to infer the quartz error.

Alternatively or additionally, a radio parameter may also include data rate deviation, i.e., the difference between the actually transmitted data rate and the data rate expected by data collector 3. Data rate deviation results in the relevant symbols being detected at an earlier or later time in data collector 3. Due to the incorrect time, phase errors may also occur, which can reduce transmission performance. Quartz errors can also be approximately inferred from the data rate deviation.

The quartz error can also be directly inferred from the difference in the reception time of the radio signal.

From the radio parameter frequency offset, deviations in the modulation index and thus the quartz error can also be determined.

The consumption meter 2 determines the temperature using a temperature measuring device, such as a temperature sensor, and transmits the temperature information via the second communication module 17 to the first communication module 10 of the data collector 3. The data collector 3 can determine the quartz error from the temperature data by, for example, comparing the temperature value with temperature values stored in a calibration table.

Furthermore, according to FIG. 7 , the consumption meter 2 may also include a third frequency reference device 22, which generally has better frequency stability than the second frequency reference device 18 when energy consumption increases. For example, a clock quartz with a clock frequency of approximately 32 kHz may be provided as the second frequency reference device 18, and an HF quartz with a clock frequency of approximately 20 MHz may be provided as the third frequency reference device 22. In this case, the second frequency reference device 18 is operated continuously, while the third frequency reference device 22 is operated only temporarily, so that the frequency, period, or other derivable variable of the third frequency reference device 22 can be used as a clock metric (Taktmaβ) and thereby determine the quartz error of the second frequency reference device 18. For this purpose, for example, the frequency F18 of the second frequency reference device 18 can be compared with the frequency F22 of the more stable third frequency reference device 22. The deviation or frequency difference Δfrequency determined from the expected frequency value of the frequency F18 allows direct deduction of the quartz error of the quartz oscillator of the second frequency reference device 18.

Furthermore, the time interval between the data packets is known, for example, 5 seconds. According to FIG8 , the demarcation of the time intervals t1 and t2 between the data packets can be located in the middle of the data packets as time information, a time signal, or a time reference. Time intervals t1 and t2 can thus be determined as accurately as possible as time intervals t1' or t2' and compared with the expected time intervals t1 and t2. The frequency can then be determined from the determined time intervals t1' or t2' and the frequency difference Δfrequency of the quartz oscillator of the second frequency reference device 18, for example, by: frequency = t1' + Δfrequency.

If desired, a combination of all or part of the above radio parameters may be used to determine the quartz error.

After calculating the quartz error, preferably within the scope of a subroutine, a check is first performed to determine whether the quartz oscillator of the consumption measuring device 2 has any performance-limiting influence. If the error is only negligible, no adjustment is performed. However, if the error is greater, an adjustment is performed in the data collector 3.

FIG4 shows a highly simplified, yet enlarged, view of a suitable embodiment of the first communication module 10 of the data collector 3. Communication module 10 includes a transmitting and receiving section 12 with an antenna 7, a quartz oscillator (first frequency reference device 11) connected to a control and computing unit 13, and preferably a display 16. Transmitting and receiving section 12 includes a measuring device 21 for detecting the aforementioned radio parameters. Furthermore, a so-called lookup table 15 is provided, which allows the frequency of the data collector 3 to be varied depending on one or more measured parameters of the radio signal. As shown in FIG5 , lookup table 15 includes multiple inputs for parameter data P1-Pn, respectively, measured or further processed by the data collector 3. Furthermore, lookup table 15 includes multiple empirical input values W1-Wn adapted to be correlated with the parameter input data. Thus, based on the corresponding parameter input data, an appropriate output signal is provided to the first frequency reference device 11 of the data collector 3 via lookup table 15, allowing the frequency of the first frequency reference device 11 of the data collector 3 to be adjusted accordingly.

The frequency of the first frequency reference device 11 of the data collector 3 is adjusted sequentially with respect to the corresponding consumption meter 2, i.e., from consumption meter to consumption meter until all consumption meter 2 are adjusted accordingly. Only one radio parameter measurement value needs to be stored. A database for storing multiple radio parameter values is not required.

Instead of or in addition to look-up table 15 , provision can also be made for frequency adjustment to modify the hardware of first frequency reference device 11 by means of manually operable adjustment elements, for example by means of a capacitance diode 20 provided with adjustment mechanism 14 , as is apparent from the illustration according to FIG. 6 .

Within the scope of the present invention, MSK modulation (Minimum Shift Keying) can preferably be used, which is coherently demodulated. MSK modulation, in turn, is generated by FSK modulation (Frequency Shift Keying) with a modulation index of 0.5. To be able to coherently decode this modulation type, the symbol phase must be known. If the symbol phase in the consumption measuring instrument 2 is distorted, this leads to reduced performance (measured in terms of interference robustness or sensitivity) and even loss of functionality. In particular, the phase is distorted due to the so-called modulation index error. The two FSK frequencies are transmitted at a distance of ΔF (frequency offset) around the carrier. The modulation index error is defined as 2ΔF (frequency offset) × T (symbol duration). Due to the modulation index error, the two FSK frequencies are easily distorted. This leads to a phase error in the transmission in the receiver. The larger the telegram, the greater the accumulated modulation index error. Therefore, the modulation index error has previously limited the telegram length. If the frequency offset changes due to errors in the quartz oscillator 18 of the second communication module 17, this also causes a change in the modulation index error. The present invention enables adjustment or correction (or reduction) of the modulation index or modulation index error at the data collector, thereby enabling the transmission of significantly longer radio messages than previously possible. Preferably, the larger packet length or longer radio messages can be used to incorporate additional encryption into the radio messages, thereby achieving improved transmission reliability and, at the same time, improved transmission quality.

Reference Signs List

1 Communication System

2 Consumption measuring instruments

3 Data Collector

4 Radiotelegrams sent by consumption measuring instruments

5 Radio messages expected by data collectors

6 Radiotelegraph adjusted by data collector

7 Antenna

8 Antenna

9 Display

10 First communication module

11. First frequency reference device (data collector)

12 Sending and receiving part (data collector)

13 Control and computing unit (data collector)

14 Adjustment mechanism

15 Lookup Table

16 Display

17 Second communication module (consumption measuring instrument)

18 Second frequency reference device (consumption measuring instrument)

19 Control and calculation unit (consumption measuring instrument)

20 Capacitor Diode

21 Measuring device

22 Third frequency reference device (consumption measuring instrument)

F18 Frequency of the second frequency reference device

F22 Frequency of the third frequency reference device

t time

t1 time interval

t2 time interval

Claims (26)

1. A method for improving transmission quality between a data collector (3) and multiple measurement units in a communication system (1), the communication system having radio transmission, the communication system comprising: A first communication module (10), wherein the first communication module (10) is configured for the data collector (3); Two or more second communication modules (17), wherein each second communication module (17) is configured to a measurement unit; The second communication module (17) is configured to send data to the first communication module (10) via radio signals. The first communication module (10) is configured to receive data from the second communication module (17). The first communication module (10) includes a first frequency reference device (11). The second communication module (17) includes a second frequency reference device (18). Among them, the radio signals transmitted by the second communication module (17) to the first communication module (10) within the data transmission range are related to the second frequency reference device (18), wherein, The first communication module (10) measures at least one parameter selected from the group of parameters of the radio signal transmitted by the corresponding second communication module (17) and received by the first communication module (10): bandwidth, Data rate, Data rate deviation, Temperature in the data packet, The frequency difference Δfrequency obtained from the second frequency reference device (18) Modulation index and/or Reception time; The error of the second frequency reference device (18) is estimated based on the parameter measurement values or the values derived from the parameter measurement values, and Adjust the frequency of the first frequency reference device (11) and/or at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of the first communication module (10): data rate, data rate deviation, modulation index, and frequency offset, such that the error of the second frequency reference device (18) or the related parameter error is reduced or eliminated. The feature is that the error of the radio signal received by the first communication module (10) is reduced or eliminated in the first communication module (10) and the correspondingly corrected radio signal is sent back to the second communication module (17). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the bandwidth is measured, the data rate deviation is determined from the measured bandwidth, and the error of the second frequency reference device (18) is estimated from the data rate deviation. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a phase offset is measured, a frequency offset is determined from the measured phase offset, and an error of the second frequency reference device (18) is estimated from the frequency offset. 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a preset correction value for the relevant parameters is predetermined in the lookup table (15). Based on the error estimated by the second frequency reference device (18), a specific correction preset value is selected from a predetermined set of correction preset values and The first frequency reference device (11) is adjusted according to the specific calibration preset value. 5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hardware of the first frequency reference device (11) is adjusted according to the estimated error of the second frequency reference device (18). 6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that FSK modulation is used to transmit radio signals. 7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that MSK modulation is used to transmit radio signals. 8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that data transmission from the corresponding second communication module (17) to the first communication module (10) is performed continuously or sequentially with respect to the other second communication modules (17). 9. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the estimation of the error of the second frequency reference device (18) is achieved within the range of the integral transform. 10. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, when receiving data packets, the receiving frequency on the concentrator is adjusted so that the radio signal is located in the middle of the receiving window. 11. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second communication module (17) includes a third frequency reference device (22), and the frequency of the third frequency reference device (22) is used to derive the frequency difference Δ frequency from the second frequency reference device (18). 12. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the measuring units is a consumable measuring instrument (2). 13. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the radio transmission is a bidirectional radio transmission. 14. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second communication module (17) is configured to transmit data to the first communication module (10) by means of radio signals in the form of a radio telegram (4) including at least one data packet. 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein each of the wireless telegraphs (4) comprises a plurality of data packets. 16. The method according to claim 9, wherein the integral transform is a Fourier transform or a spectral transform. 17. A communication system (1), the communication system having radio transmission, the communication system comprising: A first communication module (10), wherein the first communication module (10) is configured for the data collector (3); Two or more second communication modules (17), wherein each second communication module (17) is configured to a measurement unit; The second communication module (17) is configured to send data to the first communication module (10) via radio signals. The first communication module (10) is configured to receive data from the second communication module (17). The first communication module (10) includes a first frequency reference device (11). The second communication module (17) includes a second frequency reference device (18). Among them, the radio signals transmitted by the second communication module (17) to the first communication module (10) within the data transmission range are related to the second frequency reference device (18). The device includes means for correcting data based on the deviation between the first frequency reference device (11) and the second frequency reference device (18). in, The first communication module (10) has a measuring device (21) for measuring at least one parameter selected from the group of parameters of a radio signal transmitted by the corresponding second communication module (17) and received by the first communication module (10): bandwidth, Data rate, Data rate deviation, Temperature in the data packet, The frequency difference Δfrequency obtained from the second frequency reference device (18) Modulation index and/or Reception time; Furthermore, the first communication module (10) has a control and calculation unit (13) or is at least connected to a control and calculation unit, which determines the error of the second frequency reference device (18) by estimation based on parameter measurements or values derived from said parameter measurements. The feature is that the error of the radio signal received by the first communication module (10) is reduced or eliminated in the first communication module (10) and the correspondingly corrected radio signal is sent back to the second communication module (17). 18. The communication system (1) according to claim 17, characterized in that, with respect to the parameters, a comparison value is stored for comparison with the measured value and the control and calculation unit (13) estimates the error of the second frequency reference device (18) based on the difference between the comparison value and the measured value. 19. The communication system (1) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that a preset correction value for the relevant parameters is predetermined in a lookup table (15). It can select a specific correction preset value from a predetermined set of correction preset values based on the estimated error of the second frequency reference device (18) and can implement the adjustment of the first frequency reference device (11) through the corresponding selection. 20. The communication system (1) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that an adjustment mechanism (14) is provided in the first communication module (10), by means of which the frequency of the first communication module (10) can be changed. 21. The communication system (1) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the error of the second frequency reference device (18) or the parameter error therein is reduced or eliminated by adjusting the frequency of the first frequency reference device (11) and/or at least one parameter in the first communication module (10) selected from the group consisting of: data rate, data rate deviation, modulation index and frequency offset. 22. The communication system (1) according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the radio transmission is a bidirectional radio transmission. 23. The communication system (1) according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the measuring unit is a consumable measuring instrument (2). 24. The communication system (1) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the second communication module (17) is configured to transmit data to the first communication module (10) by means of radio signals in the form of a radio telegram (4) including at least one data packet. 25. The communication system (1) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that each wireless telegraph (4) comprises a plurality of data packets. 26. The communication system (1) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the means for correcting the data is configured to implement the method according to at least one of claims 1 to 16.