HK1231522B - A device for high pressure liquid or supercritical state quenching - Google Patents
A device for high pressure liquid or supercritical state quenching Download PDFInfo
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- HK1231522B HK1231522B HK17105219.5A HK17105219A HK1231522B HK 1231522 B HK1231522 B HK 1231522B HK 17105219 A HK17105219 A HK 17105219A HK 1231522 B HK1231522 B HK 1231522B
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- Hong Kong
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- pressure
- working chamber
- quenching
- liquid
- supercritical
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Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum heat treatment, in particular to a high-pressure liquid or supercritical quenching device.
Background
The existing vacuum equipment only has 2 methods for quenching, one method is as follows: heating and then performing high-pressure gas quenching; the other one is: transferring the heated material to a quenching chamber for oil quenching under normal pressure or low pressure.
The high-pressure gas quenching has the advantages of reducing the heat treatment distortion of parts, reducing the pollution of oil quenching of workpieces (the workpieces are not cleaned after the gas quenching), and being a heat treatment technology without oxidation and pollution. Its drawbacks are however also very significant: the heat transfer capacity of gas, whether used as a cooling medium, is very limited and far from that of liquid. Therefore, only small workpieces or thin workpieces can be processed to ensure the heat treatment effect of the high-pressure gas quenching.
The cooling speed is quite good during liquid quenching, the quenching process of various workpieces can be basically met, the heat treatment defects such as quenching deformation and cracking cannot be avoided, the heating chamber is polluted to a certain extent by steam generated during quenching, the vacuum degree required to be set is difficult to achieve after the pollution, and therefore the heating chamber and the workpiece transfer platform need to be cleaned regularly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a high-pressure liquid or supercritical quenching device, which realizes vacuum liquid or supercritical quenching, meets the quenching requirement of large workpieces, can achieve the effect of high-pressure gas quenching, and is clean and clean in heat treatment, free of waste gas and waste water pollution, energy-saving and environment-friendly in heat treatment.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an apparatus for high pressure liquid or supercritical quench comprising:
the working chamber is internally provided with heating equipment and cooling equipment and is connected with a vacuum pump set;
the storage tank is provided with a liquid carbon dioxide supply port and is connected with a liquid carbon dioxide inlet of the working chamber;
the buffer tank is respectively connected with the working chamber and the storage tank through a pressurization loop and is also respectively connected with the working chamber and the storage tank through a circulation loop;
the gas booster is arranged at the gas outlet of the cache tank;
the first pressure measurer is arranged on the working chamber;
and the temperature controller is arranged on the working chamber and is respectively connected with the heating equipment and the cooling equipment.
The device also comprises a second pressure measurer arranged on the buffer tank and a third pressure measurer arranged on the storage tank.
The device also comprises an integrated controller which is respectively connected with the vacuum pump set, the gas booster, the first pressure measurer and the temperature controller.
The integrated controller adopts a PLC controller.
The integrated controller is in wireless connection with an upper computer with a display screen.
And the working chamber is provided with a liquid crystal display screen for displaying the working state, and the liquid crystal display screen is connected with the integrated controller.
The device also comprises a plurality of control valves which are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the pressurization loop, the circulation loop and the liquid carbon dioxide inlet.
And a gas filter screen is arranged in the buffer tank.
Still be equipped with the pressure release pipeline between studio and the buffer tank, be equipped with flow control valve on the pressure release pipeline.
When the high-pressure liquid or supercritical state is quenched, liquid carbon dioxide in the storage tank enters the working chamber after heating, the target workpiece is quenched, the state of the carbon dioxide in the working chamber is controlled according to a set pressure and temperature relation curve during quenching, liquid quenching and supercritical state quenching are performed, when the pressure in the working chamber is lower than a set range, the pressurizing loop is opened, the gas supercharger is operated, when the pressure in the working chamber is higher than the set range, the pressure relief pipeline is opened, and discharged carbon dioxide is sent to the cache tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the quenching of the workpiece is finished by using liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide as a quenching medium, the quenching effect is very good, and the workpiece has no heat treatment defects such as cracking, deformation and the like.
2、CO2The liquid state or supercritical state quenching mainly controls the pressure and temperature in the working chamber, because a pressure measurer and a temperature controller are arranged and work in cooperation with a separated pressurizing loop and a circulating loop, when the pressure of the working chamber is lower than a set pressure range, a buffer tank and a gas booster on the pressurizing loop are used for increasing the pressure, and when the pressure of the working chamber is higher than the set pressure range, a control valve is used for discharging carbon dioxide in the working chamber, so that the aim of adjusting the pressure and the temperature in the working chamber in real time is fulfilled. And cooling equipment is arranged at the rear part of the working chamber and is matched with a temperature controller to ensure that the liquid carbon dioxide in the working chamber is in a set temperature range.
3. The device is not influenced by the size of a target workpiece, can meet different workpiece requirements, is easy to popularize and utilize, and has strong practicability.
4. By controlling the pressure of the working chamber, liquid quenching and supercritical quenching can be selected, and the supercritical CO2 also has the function of cleaning workpieces. Meanwhile, the quenched workpiece does not need to be cleaned, and a working chamber is not polluted.
5. The CO2 is safe, non-toxic, pollution-free, recyclable, easily available, recyclable and cost-effective for users.
6. The working chamber is connected with a vacuum pump set for vacuumizing, so that air brought in when a workpiece enters the working chamber is pumped completely, and CO is prevented2The mixing with air pollutes the quenching medium, and ensures that the workpiece is not oxidized when being heated in vacuum, and the heating speed is high. After the workpieces in the vacuum working chamber are heated, the heating equipment is cut off, liquid carbon dioxide is quickly conveyed into the working chamber, and the liquid carbon dioxide is matched with the cooling equipment at the rear part of the working chamber to cool, so that liquid or supercritical quenching of the liquid workpieces is realized.
7. A buffer tank is arranged, and after quenching is finished, the work is carried outCO inside the chamber2Discharging into buffer tank, controlling pressure in the buffer tank, and pressurizing with gas supercharger on circulation loop to obtain CO gas2And (4) conveying the workpiece into a storage tank, and waiting for the next period of work.
8. Set up integrated control ware, control flap etc. and realize automated control, provide work efficiency and control accuracy, cooperation host computer and liquid crystal display, the operating personnel of being convenient for observes all operating condition of equipment in real time, and is visual good.
9. Additionally, a pressure relief pipeline is arranged, so that the pressure in the working chamber can be accurately reduced through the flow regulating valve, and the defect that the pressure in the working chamber is not adjusted and is inaccurate due to no adjustment and pressure relief on the circulating loop is overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating the relationship between pressure and temperature set in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a vacuum pump group, 2, a first control valve, 3, a cooling device, 4, a first pressure measuring device, 5, a temperature controller, 6, a working chamber, 7, a target workpiece, 8, a heating device, 9, a second control valve, 10, a third control valve, 11, a fourth control valve, 12, a fifth control valve, 13, a sixth control valve, 14, a second pressure measuring device, 15, a buffer tank, 16, a gas booster, 17, a storage tank, 18, a third pressure measuring device, 19, a seventh control valve, 20, an eighth control valve, 21, a liquid carbon dioxide supply port, 22, a first pipeline, 23, a second pipeline, 24, a third pipeline, 25, a fourth pipeline, 26, and a pressure relief pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, a high-pressure liquid or supercritical quenching device comprises a working chamber 6, a vacuum pump set 1, a storage tank 17, a buffer tank 15, a gas booster 16, a boosting loop, a circulation loop, a plurality of control valves and a plurality of pressure measuring devices, wherein a plurality of heating devices 8 and cooling devices 3 which are uniformly distributed are arranged in the working chamber 6, a temperature controller 5 and a first pressure measuring device 4 are arranged on the working chamber 6, the temperature controller 5 is respectively connected with the heating devices 8 and the cooling devices 3, the vacuum pump set 1 is connected with the working chamber 6 through a first control valve 2, the storage tank 17 is provided with a liquid carbon dioxide supply port 21 with a seventh control valve 19 and is connected with a liquid carbon dioxide inlet of the working chamber 6 through a pipeline with a second control valve 9, the buffer tank 15 is respectively connected with the working chamber 6 and the storage tank 17 through the boosting loop and is also respectively connected with the working chamber 6 and the storage tank 17 through the circulation loop, the pressurizing loop comprises a first pipeline 22 with a sixth control valve 13 and a second pipeline 23 with a fourth control valve 11, the circulating pipeline comprises a third pipeline 24 with a third control valve 10 and a fourth pipeline 25 with a fifth control valve 12, the gas supercharger 16 is arranged at an air outlet of the buffer tank 15, the buffer tank 15 is provided with a second pressure measurer 14, the storage tank 17 is provided with a third pressure measurer 18, a pressure relief pipeline 26 is further arranged between the working chamber 6 and the buffer tank 15, the pressure relief pipeline 26 is provided with an eighth control valve 20, and the eighth control valve 20 adopts a flow regulating valve.
The device selects CO2As a quenching medium, because of CO2Exists in nature, is safe, non-flammable and non-explosive, has no toxicity and no corrosiveness, and realizes CO2The state conditions of the liquid state or supercritical state of (2) are simple. At the same time, due to CO2Is in gas state under normal pressure, and after the discharge is completed, the working chamber 6 has no other gas or liquid component, and only residual CO2No air pollution, no residue on the workpiece, and quenched CO2The waste water is recycled and reused, and the waste water is recycled,energy is saved, the best quenching effect can be achieved, and economic benefits are brought to users.
During high-pressure liquid or supercritical state quenching, liquid carbon dioxide in the storage tank 17 enters the working chamber 6 after heating is finished, quenching is carried out on the target workpiece 7, during quenching, according to a set relation curve of pressure and temperature, the state of the carbon dioxide in the working chamber 6 is controlled, liquid quenching and supercritical state quenching are carried out, when the pressure in the working chamber 6 is lower than a set range, a pressurization loop is opened, the gas supercharger 16 is operated, when the pressure in the working chamber 6 is higher than the set range, the pressure relief pipeline 26 is opened, and discharged carbon dioxide is sent to the cache tank 15.
The relationship curve of the pressure and the temperature is set as shown in fig. 2, the relationship curve of the pressure and the temperature conforms to a quadratic function curve, in fig. 2, a is a solid region, B is a liquid region, C is a gaseous region, D is a supercritical region, E is a sub-supercritical region, and a is a critical point.
From FIG. 2, it can be seen that CO2At a temperature above 31.1 ℃ and a pressure above 73bar, the reactor is in a supercritical state; at a temperature above-56.6 ℃ and a pressure above 5.7bar, the liquid state is obtained; laboratory data show: CO22At 20 ℃ liquefaction was achieved when the pressure reached 57 bar. The invention utilizes CO2The purpose of high-pressure liquid or supercritical state quenching is realized.
The device also comprises an integrated controller which is respectively connected with the vacuum pump set 1, the gas booster 16, the first pressure measurer 4 and the temperature controller 5. The integrated controller adopts a PLC controller, is wirelessly connected with an upper computer with a display screen, and realizes the functions of automatic monitoring and centralized control.
And a liquid crystal display screen for displaying the working state is arranged on the working chamber 6 and is connected with the integrated controller.
A gas filter screen is arranged in the buffer tank 15 and can be used for recycling CO2Impurity filtering is carried out to ensure CO2The cleanliness of the glass.
The vacuum high-pressure liquid or supercritical quenching working process comprises the following steps:
firstly, a target workpiece 7 is loaded into a working chamber 6, then a first control valve 2 and a vacuum pump set 1 are started, and the working chamber 6 is vacuumized, so that air brought in by the target workpiece 7 is removed, heating is carried out under vacuum, and CO is ensured2And (4) cleanliness. When the first pressure measurer 4 detects that the vacuum degree in the working chamber 6 reaches the set requirement, the first control valve 2 and the vacuum pump set 1 are closed. The heating device 8 is started to heat the target workpiece 7, and the temperature in the working chamber 6 is controlled within a set range by the temperature controller 5.
After heating, the heating device 8 is closed, and the second control valve 9 is opened to rapidly supplement the liquid carbon dioxide to the working chamber 6 to finish quenching. When the first pressure measurer 4 detects that the pressure is lower than the set range, the fourth control valve 11 iv, the sixth control valve 13 and the gas supercharger 16 are opened; when the first pressure measurer 4 detects that the pressure is higher than the set range, the eighth control valve 20 is automatically opened to discharge CO2Sent to the buffer tank 15 and can be recycled. During quenching, the CO in the working chamber 6 can be controlled by the first pressure measurer 4 according to the process requirements2And in a state of liquid quenching and supercritical quenching.
After quenching is finished, opening a third control valve 10, a fifth control valve 12 and a gas supercharger 16; CO in the working chamber 62The quenching process is ended by being transported into the storage tank 17 through the buffer tank 15. The pressure in the storage tank 17 is controlled by means of a third pressure measurer 18, so that the CO is2In the liquid state in the reservoir tank 17.
And the CO in the buffer tank 15 is controlled by the second pressure measurer 142Is in the gaseous state and is done to ensure proper operation of the gas booster 16. To make up for CO2The reservoir 17 can be replenished periodically through the seventh control valve 19 as it is lost during use.
Claims (7)
1. A high-pressure liquid or supercritical quenching device is characterized by comprising a working chamber (6), a vacuum pump set (1), a storage tank (17), a buffer tank (15), a gas booster (16), a pressurizing loop, a circulation loop, a plurality of control valves and a plurality of pressure measuring devices, wherein a plurality of heating devices (8) and cooling devices (3) which are uniformly distributed are arranged in the working chamber (6), a temperature controller (5) and a first pressure measuring device (4) are arranged on the working chamber (6), the temperature controller (5) is respectively connected with the heating devices (8) and the cooling devices (3), the vacuum pump set (1) is connected with the working chamber (6) through a first control valve (2), the storage tank (17) is provided with a liquid carbon dioxide supply port (21) with a seventh control valve (19), and is connected with a liquid carbon dioxide inlet of the working chamber (6) through a pipeline with a second control valve (9), the buffer tank (15) is respectively connected with the working chamber (6) and the storage tank (17) through a pressurization loop and is also respectively connected with the working chamber (6) and the storage tank (17) through a circulation loop, wherein the pressure boost return circuit is including taking first pipeline (22) of sixth control flap (13) and taking second pipeline (23) of fourth control flap (11), circulation line is including taking third pipeline (24) of third control flap (10) and taking fourth pipeline (25) of fifth control flap (12), the gas booster compressor (16) are located the gas outlet department of buffer memory jar (15), set up second pressure measurement ware (14) on buffer memory jar (15), set up third pressure measurement ware (18) on holding vessel (17), still be equipped with pressure release pipeline (26) between studio (6) and buffer memory jar (15), be equipped with eighth control flap (20) on pressure release pipeline (26), eighth control flap (20) adopt flow control valve.
2. The apparatus for high-pressure liquid or supercritical quenching according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising an integrated controller, wherein the integrated controller is respectively connected with the vacuum pump set (1), the gas booster (16), the first pressure measurer (4) and the temperature controller (5).
3. The apparatus for high pressure liquid or supercritical quenching according to claim 2, wherein the integrated controller is a PLC controller.
4. The high-pressure liquid or supercritical quenching device according to claim 2, wherein the integrated controller is wirelessly connected with an upper computer with a display screen.
5. The high-pressure liquid or supercritical quenching device according to claim 2, wherein the working chamber (6) is provided with a liquid crystal display screen for displaying the working state, and the liquid crystal display screen is connected with the integrated controller.
6. The apparatus for high pressure liquid or supercritical quenching according to claim 1, characterized in that a gas filter screen is arranged in the buffer tank (15).
7. The high-pressure liquid or supercritical quenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that during high-pressure liquid or supercritical quenching, liquid carbon dioxide in the storage tank (17) enters the working chamber (6) after heating, the target workpiece (7) is quenched, during quenching, the state of carbon dioxide in the working chamber (6) is controlled according to a set pressure-temperature relation curve, liquid quenching and supercritical quenching are performed, when the pressure in the working chamber (6) is lower than a set range, the pressure boost loop is opened, the gas booster (16) is operated, when the pressure in the working chamber (6) is higher than the set range, the pressure relief pipeline (26) is opened, and discharged carbon dioxide is sent to the buffer tank (15).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611258744.9A CN106498136B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | A kind of device of high-pressure liquid or above-critical state quenching |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| HK1231522A1 HK1231522A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 |
| HK1231522B true HK1231522B (en) | 2018-11-30 |
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