HK1209119B - Pyrazol-1-yl benzene sulfonamides as ccr9 antagonists - Google Patents

Description

Pyrazol-1-yl benzene sulfonamides as CCR9 antagonists

Reference to earlier filed application

The benefit of U.S. provisional patent application No. 61/604,998 entitled "aza-aryl 1H-pyrazol-1-ylbenzenesulfonamide," filed 2012, 2, month 29, in accordance with 35u.s.c. § 119(e), which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Background

The present invention provides compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of the compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof that are effective in inhibiting the binding or function of various chemokines to chemokine receptors. The compounds and compositions have utility as antagonists or modulators of chemokine receptors in the treatment of various immune disorders, conditions, and diseases.

Chemokines, also known as chemotactic cytokines, are a group of small molecular weight proteins released by a variety of cells and have a variety of biological activities. Chemokines attract various types of cells of the immune system, such as macrophages, T cells, eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils, and cause them to migrate from the blood to various lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues. They mediate the infiltration of inflammatory cells into sites of inflammation and are responsible for the development and perpetuation of many inflammatory diseases (reviewed in Schall, Cytokine, 3: 165- & ltSUB & gt 183 (1991); Schall et al, curr. Opin. lmmunol., 6: 865- & ltSUB & gt 873 (1994)).

In addition to stimulating chemotaxis, chemokines can induce other changes in reactive cells including changes in cell shape, granule exocytosis, integrin upregulation, formation of bioactive lipids (e.g., auto-trienes), respiratory burst associated with leukocyte activation, cell proliferation, resistance to induction of apoptosis and angiogenesis. Thus, chemokines are early initiators of inflammatory responses, causing the release, chemotaxis and extravasation of inflammatory mediators to sites of infection or inflammation. They are also stimulators of numerous cellular processes that bear important physiological functions and pathological consequences.

Chemokines exert their effects by activating chemokine receptors expressed by reactive cells. Chemokine receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors, also known as 7-transmembrane receptors, present on the surface of a wide variety of cell types (e.g., leukocytes, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and tumor cells).

Chemokines and chemokine receptors are expressed by resident renal cells and infiltrating cells during nephritis (Seger et al, J.Am. Soc. Nephrol., 11: 152-76 (2000); Morii et al, J.Diabetes Compounds, 17: 11-5 (2003); Lloyd et al, J.exp.Med., 185: 1371-80 (1997); Gonzalez-Cuadrado et al, Clin.exp.Immunol., 106: 518-22 (1996); Eddy and Giachelli, Kidney Int., 47: 1546-57 (1995); Diamond et al, am.J.Physiol., 266: F-33 (1994)).

Infiltration of T lymphocytes (T cells) into the small intestine and colon is associated with the pathogenesis of celiac disease, food allergies, rheumatoid arthritis, human Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Blocking the transport of the relevant T cell population into the intestine may result in an effective method of treating human IBD. Recently, it was noted that chemokine receptor-9 (CCR (9)) expression in gut-homing T cells in peripheral blood was elevated in patients with small bowel inflammation (e.g., crohn's disease and celiac disease). The only CCR (9) ligand identified to date, TECK (thymus-expressed chemokine), is expressed in both the small and large intestine, and the ligand receptor pair is currently thought to play a key role in the development of IBD. In particular, the pair mediates migration of disease-causing inflammatory cells to the intestine. See, e.g., Zaballos et al, j.immunol., 162 (10): 5671-5675 (1999); kunkel et al, j.exp.med., 192 (5): 761-768 (2000); papadakis et al, j.immunol., 165 (9): 5069-5076 (2000); papadaikis et al, Gastroenterology, 121 (2): 246-254 (2001); campbell et al, j.exp.med., 195 (1): 135-141 (2002); wurbel et al, Blood, 98 (9): 2626-2632 (2001); and Uehara et al, j.immunol, 168 (6): 2811-2819 (2002); river-Nieves et al, Gastroenterology, 11 months 2006; 131(5): 1518-29; and Kontoyiannis et al, J.Exp.Med., vol. 196, vol. 12, 12/2002, and 16/12. In addition, CCR (9) -bearing lymphocytes have been shown to mediate filariasis (lymphatic filariasis) pathology, and inhibition of CCR (9) has been associated with a reduction in pathology associated with this condition. See, e.g., Babu et al, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 191: 1018-26, 2005.

The identification of compounds that modulate the function of CCR (9) represents an attractive new family of therapeutic agents for the treatment of inflammatory and other conditions and diseases associated with CCR (9) activation, such as inflammatory bowel disease.

US 2011/0130426 discloses compounds of formula I below and their use in medical therapy (e.g. modulating the glucocorticoid receptor in a warm-blooded animal):

WO 02/00651 discloses compounds of the following formula (Ia) as inhibitors of trypsin-like serine proteases and methods of using the compounds as anticoagulants for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic disorders:

summary of The Invention

The present invention relates to compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, compositions and methods thereof, that are useful for modulating chemokine activity and chemokine receptor activity. The compounds described herein, and salts, compositions, and methods thereof, are useful for treating or preventing chemokine mediated conditions or diseases, including certain inflammatory and immunomodulatory disorders and diseases.

The compounds of the invention exhibit modulation of one or more of the following: CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCR8, CCR (9), CCR10, CCR11, CCR12, CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, CXCR6, CXCR7, CX3CR1, C5aR, chemR23, FPRL1, FPR1 and FPRL 2. In particular, as shown in the examples, various compounds of the invention modulate CCR (9).

In one embodiment, the compounds of the present invention may be represented by the following formula (I):

wherein R is¹、R²、R³、R⁴、R⁵、R⁶、L、A¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷And A⁸As defined below.

In another aspect, the invention provides compositions useful for modulating chemokine activity. In one embodiment, the composition of the invention comprises a compound of the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

In yet another aspect, the invention provides a method for modulating chemokine function of a cell, comprising contacting the cell with a therapeutically effective amount of a compound or composition of the invention.

In yet another aspect, the invention provides a method for modulating chemokine function, comprising contacting a chemokine receptor with a therapeutically effective amount of a compound or composition of the invention.

In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method for treating a chemokine mediated condition or disease, comprising administering to a subject a safe and effective amount of a compound or composition of the invention. Administration may be oral, parenteral, rectal, transdermal, sublingual, nasal or topical. In certain aspects, the compounds may be administered in combination with an anti-inflammatory or analgesic.

In addition to the compounds provided herein, the invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of these compounds and methods of using these compounds in therapeutic methods, primarily for the treatment of diseases associated with chemokine signaling activity. CCR (9) -mediated diseases or conditions are inflammatory bowel disease, allergic disease, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, fibrotic disease, transplant rejection, immune-mediated food allergy, autoimmune disease, celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, thymoma, thymus cancer, leukemia, solid tumors, acute lymphocytic leukemia, melanoma, primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatitis, inflammatory liver disease or post-operative ileus.

Detailed Description

General theory

The present invention relates to compounds, and salts, compositions and methods thereof, useful for modulating chemokine receptor function, particularly CCR (9) function. Modulation of chemokine receptor activity, as used herein in its various forms, is meant to include antagonism, agonism, partial antagonism, inverse agonism and/or partial agonism of the activity associated with a particular chemokine receptor, preferably the CCR (9) receptor. Thus, the compounds of the present invention are compounds that modulate at least one function or characteristic of mammalian CCR (9), such as a human CCR (9) protein. The ability of a compound to modulate CCR (9) function can be demonstrated in binding assays (e.g., ligand binding or agonist binding), chemotaxis (migration assays), signal transduction assays (e.g., activation of mammalian G protein, induction of rapid and transient increases in cytosolic free calcium concentration), and/or cellular response assays (e.g., stimulation of chemotaxis, exocytosis, or inflammatory mediator release from leukocytes).

Abbreviations and definitions

In describing the compounds, compositions, methods and processes of the present invention, the following terms have the following meanings, unless otherwise indicated.

The term "alkyl" by itself or as part of another substituent means that it may be of the indicated number of carbon atoms (i.e., C)_1-8Meaning 1 to 8 carbon atoms) straight, cyclic or branched chain or combinations thereof. The term "cycloalkyl" by itself or as part of another substituent refers to a cyclic alkyl group having the specified carbon number, and is a subclass of the term "alkyl". Other subclasses of the term "alkyl" include "straight-chain" and "branched" alkyl groups, which refer to two different types of acyclic alkyl groups. Examples of alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, (cyclohexyl) methyl, cyclopropylmethyl, bicyclo [2.2.1]Heptane, bicyclo [2.2.2]Octane, and the like. In this list of examples, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl and n-butyl alkyl are also examples of "straight chain alkyl". Likewise, isopropyl and tert-butyl are examples of "branched alkyl" groups. Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, (cyclohexyl) methyl, cyclopropylmethyl, bicyclo [2.2.1]Heptane, bicyclo [2.2.2]Octane is an example of a "cycloalkyl". In some embodiments, a cyclopropyl group can serve as a bridging group between two other moieties, and can be represented as-CH (CH)₂) CH-. Alkyl groups may be substituted or unsubstituted, unless otherwise specified. Examples of substituted alkyls include haloalkyl, thioalkyl, aminoalkyl, and the like. Other examples of suitable substituents for alkyl include, but are not limited to, hydroxy-isopropyl, -C (CH)₃)₂-OH, aminomethyl, 2-nitroethyl, 4-cyanobutyl, 2, 3-dichloropentyl and 3-hydroxy-5-carboxyhexyl, 2-aminoethyl, pentachloroethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2-diethylaminoethyl, 2-dimethylaminopropyl, ethoxycarbonylYlmethyl, methylsulfanylmethyl, methoxymethyl, 3-hydroxypentyl, 2-carboxybutyl, 4-chlorobutyl and pentafluoroethyl.

"alkoxy" means-O-alkyl. Examples of alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, and the like. The alkyl portion of the alkoxy group can be an alkyl group of 1 to 16 carbons, and in some embodiments, an alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbons.

"alkenyl" refers to an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group that may be straight, cyclic, or branched, or a combination thereof. Alkenyl groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms are preferred. Alkenyl groups may contain 1, 2 or 3 carbon-carbon double bonds. Examples of alkenyl groups include ethenyl, n-propenyl, isopropenyl, n-but-2-enyl, n-hex-3-enyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclopentenyl and the like. Alkenyl groups may be substituted or unsubstituted, unless otherwise specified.

"alkynyl" refers to an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group that can be straight, cyclic, or branched, or a combination thereof. Alkynyl groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms are preferred. Alkynyl groups may contain 1, 2 or 3 carbon-carbon triple bonds. Examples of alkynyl groups include ethynyl, n-propynyl, n-but-2-ynyl, n-hex-3-ynyl, and the like. Alkynyl groups may be substituted or unsubstituted unless otherwise specified.

"alkylamino" means-N (alkyl)₂or-NH (alkyl). When the alkylamino group contains 2 alkyl groups, the alkyl groups may be joined together to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring. It is to be understood that the alkyl group of the alkylamino group can be substituted or unsubstituted. Examples of alkylamino include methylamino, tert-butylamino, dimethylamino, diisopropylamino, morpholino, and the like.

"aminoalkyl", as substituted alkyl, refers to mono-or poly-aminoalkyl groups, most commonly substituted with 1-2 amino groups. Examples include aminomethyl, 2-aminoethyl, 2-diethylaminoethyl, and the like.

"aryl" refers to a polyunsaturated aromatic hydrocarbon group having a single ring (one ring) or multiple rings (two rings) which may be fused together or linked covalently. Aryl groups having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are preferred, where the number of carbon atoms can beBy e.g. C_6-10And (4) indicating. Examples of aryl groups include phenyl and naphthalen-1-yl, naphthalen-2-yl, biphenyl, and the like. Aryl groups may be substituted or unsubstituted, unless otherwise specified. A substituted aryl group may be substituted with one or more substituents. Suitable substituents for aryl include substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl and substituted alkyl as described above.

"halo" or "halogen", by itself or as part of a substituent, means a chlorine, bromine, iodine, or fluorine atom.

"haloalkyl", as a substituted alkyl, refers to a monohaloalkyl or polyhaloalkyl group, most typically substituted with 1-3 halogen atoms. Examples include 1-chloroethyl, 3-bromopropyl, trifluoromethyl, and the like.

"Heterocyclyl" means a saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic ring containing at least one heteroatom (typically 1 to 5 heteroatoms) selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur. The heterocyclyl ring may be monocyclic or bicyclic. Preferably, these groups contain 0-5 nitrogen atoms, 0-2 sulfur atoms, and 0-2 oxygen atoms, provided that at least one heteroatom is present. In some embodiments, these groups contain 0-3 nitrogen atoms, 0-1 sulfur atoms, and 0-1 oxygen atoms. Examples of heterocyclic groups include pyrrolidine, piperidine, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, butyrolactam, valerolactam, imidazolidinone, hydantoin, dioxolane, phthalimide, piperidine, 1, 4-dioxane, morpholine, thiomorpholine-S-oxide, thiomorpholine-S, S-dioxide, piperazine, pyran, pyridone, 3-pyrroline, thiopyran, pyrone, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene, quinuclidine, and the like. Preferred heterocyclic groups are monocyclic, although they may be fused or covalently linked to an aryl or heteroaryl ring system.

In the above definitions, suitable substituents for substituted alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups include: halogen, -CN, -CO2R ', -c (O) R', -c (O) NR 'R', oxo (═ O OR-O-), -OR ', -oc (O) R', -oc (O) NR 'R' -NO₂、-NR’C(O)R”、-NR”’C(O)NR’R”、-NR’R”、-NR’CO₂R”、-NR’S(O)R”、-NR’S(O)₂R”’、-NR”’S(O)NR’R”、-NR”’S(O)₂NR’R”、-SR’、-S(O)R’、-S(O)₂R’、-S(O)₂NR’R”、-NR’-C(NHR”)＝NR”’、-SiR’R”R”’、-OSiR’R”R”’、-N₃Substituted or unsubstituted C_6-10Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered heterocyclyl. The number of possible substituents ranges from 0 to (2m '+ 1), where m' is the total number of carbon atoms in the group. For substituted alkyl, R ', R ", and R'" each independently refer to a variety of groups including hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8An alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxyalkyl group. When R 'and R "are attached to the same nitrogen atom, they may be combined with the nitrogen atom to form a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered ring (e.g., -NR' R" includes 1-pyrrolidinyl and 4-morpholinyl). Further, R 'and R ", R" and R' "or R 'and R'" may form, together with the atoms to which they are attached, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-, 6-or 7-membered ring.

In a preferred embodiment, the heterocyclic group may be represented by the following formula (AA):

wherein formula (AA) is through M¹Or M²Free valence connection above; m¹Representation O, NR^cOr S (O)₁；M²Represents CR^fR^g、O、S(O)₁Or NR^c(ii) a In which one R must be omitted^f、R^gOr R^cTo be at M¹Or M²To produce free valency, e.g. CR^f、CR^gOr N; 1 is 0, 1 or 2; j is 1, 2 or 3; k is 1, 2 or 3, with the proviso that j + k is 3, 4 or 5; r^a、R^b、R^c、R^d、R^e、R^fAnd R^gIndependently selected from hydrogen, halogen, unsubstituted or substituted C_1-8Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C_2-8Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C_2-8Alkynyl, -COR^h、-CO₂R^h、-CONR^hRⁱ、-NR^hCORⁱ、-SO₂R^h、-SO₂NR^hRⁱ、-NR^hSO₂Rⁱ、-NR^hRⁱ、-OR^h、-SiR^hRⁱR^j、-OSiR^hRⁱR^j、-Q¹COR^h、-Q¹CO₂R^h、-Q¹CONR^hRⁱ、-Q¹NR^hCORⁱ、-Q¹SO₂R^h、-Q¹SO₂NR^hRⁱ、-Q¹NR^hSO₂Rⁱ、-Q¹NR^hRⁱ、-Q¹OR^hWherein Q is¹Is selected from C_1-4Alkylene radical, C_2-4Alkenylene and C_2-4Members of alkynylene radicals, R^h、RⁱAnd R^jIndependently selected from hydrogen and C_1-8Alkyl, and wherein R^a、R^b、R^c、R^d、R^e、R^f、R^g、R^h、RⁱAnd the aliphatic moiety of each of the R substituents is optionally substituted with 1-3 members selected from the group consisting of: halogen, -OH, -ORⁿ、-OC(O)NHRⁿ、-OC(O)NRⁿR^o、-SH、-SRⁿ、-S(O)Rⁿ、-S(O)₂Rⁿ、-SO₂NH₂、-S(O)₂NHRⁿ、-S(O)₂NRⁿR^o、-NHS(O)₂Rⁿ、-NRⁿS(O)₂R^o、-C(O)NH₂、-C(O)NHRⁿ、-C(O)NRⁿR^o、-C(O)Rⁿ、-NHC(O)R^o、-NRⁿC(O)R^o、-NHC(O)NH₂、-NRⁿC(O)NH₂、-NRⁿC(O)NHR^o、-NHC(O)NHRⁿ、-NRⁿC(O)NR^oR^p、-NHC(O)NRⁿR^o、-CO₂H、-CO₂Rⁿ、-NHCO₂Rⁿ、-NRⁿCO₂R^o、-CN、-NO₂、-NH₂、-NHRⁿ、-NRⁿR^o、-NRⁿS(O)NH₂and-NRⁿS(O)₂NHR^oWherein R isⁿ、R^oAnd R^pIndependently is unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group. In addition, R^a、R^b、R^c、R^d、R^e、R^fAnd R^gAny 2 of (a) may be combined to form a bridged ring system or a spiro ring system.

In another preferred embodiment, R is other than hydrogen^a+R^b+R^c+R^dThe number of groups is 0, 1 or 2. In a more preferred embodiment, R^a、R^b、R^c、R^d、R^e、R^fAnd R^gIndependently selected from hydrogen, halogen, unsubstituted or substituted C_1-8Alkyl, -COR^h、-CO₂R^h、-CONR^hR^h、-NR^hCOR^h、-SO₂R^h、-SO₂NR^hRⁱ、-NSO₂R^hRⁱ、-NR^hRⁱand-OR^hWherein R is^hAnd RⁱIndependently selected from hydrogen and unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, and wherein R^a、R^b、R^c、R^d、R^e、R^fAnd R^gThe aliphatic moiety of each of the substituents is optionally substituted with 1-3 members selected from the group consisting of: halogen, -OH, -ORⁿ、-OC(O)NHRⁿ、-OC(O)NRⁿR^o、-SH、-SRⁿ、-S(O)R^o、-S(O)₂Rⁿ、-SO₂NH₂、-S(O)₂NHRⁿ、-S(O)₂NRⁿR^o、-NHS(O)₂Rⁿ、-NRⁿS(O)₂R^o、-C(O)NH₂、-C(O)NHRⁿ、-C(O)NRⁿR^o、-C(O)Rⁿ、-NHC(O)Rⁿ、-NRⁿC(O)R^o、-NHC(O)NH₂、-NRⁿC(O)NH₂、-NRⁿC(O)NHR^o、-NHC(O)NHRⁿ、-NRⁿC(O)NR^oR^p、-NHC(O)NRⁿR^o、-CO₂H、-CO₂Rⁿ、-NHCO₂Rⁿ、-NRⁿCO₂R^o、-CN、-NO₂、-NH₂、-NHRⁿ、-NRⁿR^o、-NRⁿS(O)NH₂and-NRⁿS(O)₂NHR^oWherein R isⁿ、R^oAnd R^pIndependently is unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group.

In a more preferred embodiment, R^a、R^b、R^c、R^d、R^e、R^fAnd R^gIndependently is hydrogen or C_1-4An alkyl group. In another preferred embodiment, R^a、R^b、R^c、R^d、R^e、R^fAnd R^gAt least 3 of (a) are hydrogen.

"heteroaryl" refers to an aryl group containing at least one heteroatom, wherein the heteroaryl group can be monocyclic or bicyclic. Examples include pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, benzotriazinyl, purinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzpyrazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, isobenzofuranyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, benzotriazinyl, thienopyridyl, thienopyrimidinyl, pyrazolopyrimidyl, imidazopyridine, benzothiazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, indolyl, azaindolyl, azaindazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, indazolyl, pteridinyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, furyl, or thienyl. Preferred heteroaryl groups are those having at least one aromatic ring nitrogen atom, such as quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, purinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzpyrazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzothiazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, and the like. Preferred 6-ring heteroaryl systems include pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, and the like. Preferred 5-ring heteroaryl systems include isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, thienyl, furyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl and the like.

The heterocyclic and heteroaryl groups may be attached at any available ring carbon or heteroatom. Each heterocyclyl and heteroaryl group may have one or more rings. When multiple rings are present, they can be fused together or covalently linked. Each heterocyclyl and heteroaryl group must contain at least one heteroatom (typically 1-5 heteroatoms) selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur. Preferably, these groups contain 0-5 nitrogen atoms, 0-2 sulfur atoms and 0-2 oxygen atoms. More preferably, these groups contain 0 to 3 nitrogen atoms, 0 to 1 sulfur atom and 0 to 1 oxygen atom. Unless otherwise specified, heterocyclyl and heteroaryl groups may be substituted or unsubstituted. For substituted groups, the substituents may be on carbon or heteroatoms. For example, when the substituent is oxo (═ O or-O)^-) When the resulting group may have a carbonyl (- (C (O)) -) or N-oxide (-N)⁺-O^-)。

Suitable substituents for substituted alkyl, substituted alkenyl and substituted alkynyl groups include halogen, -CN, -CO₂R ', -C (O) NR ' R ', -oxo (═ O OR-O-), -OR ', -OSiR ' R ', -OC (O) R ', -OC (O) NR ' R ' -NO₂、-NR’C(O)R”、-NR”’C(O)NR’R”、-NR’R”、-NR’CO₂R”、-NR’S(O)R”、-NR’S(O)₂R”’、-NR”’S(O)NR’R”、-NR”’S(O)₂NR’R”、-SR’、-S(O)R’、-S(O)₂R’、-S(O)₂NR’R”、-NR’-C(NHR”)＝NR”’、-SiR’R”R”’、-N₃Substituted or unsubstituted C_6-10Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered heterocyclyl. The number of possible substituents ranges from 0 to (2m '+ 1), where m' is the total number of carbon atoms in the group.

Suitable substituents for substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl and substituted heterocyclyl include halogen, -CN, -CO₂R ', -C (O) NR ' R ', -oxo (═ O OR-O-), -OR ', -OSiR ' R ', -OC (O) R ', -OC (O) NR ' R ', -NO₂、-NR’C(O)R”、-NR”’C(O)NR’R”、-NR’R”、-NR’CO₂R”、-NR’S(O)R”、-NR’S(O)₂R”、-NR”’S(O)NR’R”、-NR”’S(O)₂NR’R”、-SR’、-S(O)R’、-S(O)₂R’、-S(O)₂NR’R”、-NR’-C(NHR”)＝NR”’、-SiR’R”R”’、-N₃Substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_6-10Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered heterocyclyl. The number of possible substituents ranges from zero to the total number of open valences in the aromatic ring system.

As used above, R ', R ", and R'" each independently refer to a variety of groups including hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8An alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxyalkyl group. When R 'and R "are attached to the same nitrogen atom, they may be combined with the nitrogen atom to form a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered ring (e.g., -NR' R" includes 1-pyrrolidinyl and 4-morpholinyl). Further, R 'and R ", R" and R' "or R 'and R'" may form, together with the atoms to which they are attached, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-, 6-or 7-membered ring.

Two substituents on adjacent atoms of the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring mayIs represented by the formula-T-C (O) - (CH)₂)_qOptionally substituted by a substituent of-U-, wherein T and U are independently-NR' -, -O-, -CH₂-or a single bond, q is an integer from 0 to 2. Alternatively, two substituents on adjacent atoms of the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring may be substituted by a group of the formula-A' - (CH)₂)_rOptionally substituted by a substituent of-B ' -wherein A ' and B ' are independently-CH₂-、-O-、-NR””-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)₂-、-S(O)₂NR' -, or a single bond, and r is an integer of 1 to 3. One of the single bonds of the new ring so formed may be optionally replaced by a double bond. Alternatively, two substituents on adjacent atoms of the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring may be substituted by a group of the formula- (CH)₂)_s-X-(CH₂)_t-wherein S and t are independently integers from 0 to 3, XIV is-O-, -NR' -, -S (O)₂-or-S (O)₂NR' -. R "" is selected from hydrogen or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group.

"heteroatom" is meant to include oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and silicon (Si).

A "pharmaceutically acceptable" carrier, diluent or excipient is one that is compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.

"pharmaceutically acceptable salt" refers to a salt that is acceptable for administration to a patient (e.g., a mammal) (e.g., a salt that is acceptably safe in mammals for a given dosage regimen). Such salts may be derived from pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic bases and pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acids, depending on the particular substituents present on the compounds described herein. When the compounds of the present invention contain relatively acidic functional groups, base addition salts can be obtained by contacting the neutral form of the compound with a sufficient amount of the desired base, either neat or in a suitable inert solvent. Salts derived from pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic bases include aluminum, ammonium, calcium, copper, ferric, ferrous, lithium, magnesium, manganic, manganous, potassium, sodium, zinc, and the like. Salts derived from pharmaceutically acceptable organic bases include salts of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amines, including substituted amines, cyclic amines, naturally occurring amines, and the like, such as arginine, betaine, caffeine, choline, N' -dibenzylethylenediamine, diethylamine, 2-diethylaminoethanol, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, N-ethylmorpholine, N-ethylpiperidine, glucamine, glucosamine, histidine, hydrabamine, isopropylamine, lysine, methylglucamine, morpholine, piperazine, piperidine, polyamine resins, procaine, purines, theobromine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, tripropylamine, tromethamine, and the like. When the compounds of the present invention contain relatively basic functional groups, acid addition salts can be obtained by contacting the neutral form of the compound with a sufficient amount of the desired acid, either neat or in a suitable inert solvent. Salts derived from pharmaceutically acceptable acids include salts of acetic, ascorbic, benzenesulfonic, benzoic, camphorsulfonic, citric, ethanesulfonic, fumaric, gluconic, glucuronic, glutamic, hippuric, hydrobromic, hydrochloric, isethionic, lactic, lactobionic, maleic, malic, mandelic, methanesulfonic, mucic, naphthalenesulfonic, nicotinic, nitric, pamoic, pantothenic, phosphoric, succinic, sulfuric, tartaric, p-toluenesulfonic acid and the like. In some embodiments, the compounds include sodium addition salts.

Also included are Salts of amino acids (e.g., arginine Salts, etc.) and Salts of organic acids such as glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid, etc. (see, e.g., Berge, S.M., et al, "Pharmaceutical Salts", J.pharmaceutical Science, 1977, 66: 1-19). Certain specific compounds of the invention contain both basic and acidic functional groups that allow the compounds to be converted into base or acid addition salts.

The neutral form of the compound may be regenerated by contacting the salt with a base or acid and isolating the parent compound in a conventional manner. The parent form of the compound differs from the various salt forms in certain physical properties, such as solubility in polar solvents, however, in other respects, for the purposes of this invention, the salts are equivalent to the parent form of the compound.

"salt thereof" refers to a compound formed when the hydrogen of an acid is replaced with a cation (e.g., a metal cation, an organic cation, or the like). Preferably the salt is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, although this is not essential for salts of intermediate compounds that are not intended for administration to a patient.

In addition to salt forms, the present invention provides compounds in prodrug form. Prodrugs are often useful because, in some cases, they are easier to administer than the parent drug. For example, by oral administration, they may be bioavailable whereas the parent drug is not. The prodrugs in the pharmaceutical composition may also have improved solubility relative to the parent drug. A wide variety of prodrug derivatives are known in the art, such as those that rely on hydrolytic cleavage or oxidative activation of the prodrug. An example, without limitation, of a prodrug is a compound of the invention that is administered as an ester ("prodrug"), but is then metabolically hydrolyzed to the carboxylic acid active entity. Other examples include peptidyl derivatives of the compounds of the invention.

Prodrugs of the compounds described herein are compounds that readily undergo chemical changes under physiological conditions to provide the compounds of the present invention. In addition, prodrugs can be converted to the compounds of the present invention in an ex vivo environment by chemical or biochemical means. For example, prodrugs can be slowly converted to compounds of the invention when placed in a transdermal patch reservoir with a suitable enzyme or chemical agent.

The prodrug can be prepared as follows: by modifying functional groups present in the compounds such that the modifications are cleaved, either conventionally or in vivo, to the parent compound. Prodrugs include compounds wherein a hydroxy, amino, mercapto, or carboxyl group is bonded to any group that, when administered to a mammalian subject, cleaves to form a free hydroxy, amino, mercapto, or carboxyl group, respectively. Examples of prodrugs include, but are not limited to, acetate, formate and benzoate derivatives of alcohol and amine functional groups in the compounds of the present invention. Preparation, selection, and use of prodrugs are discussed in t.higuchi and v.stella, "Pro-drugs as Novel delivery systems," a.c.s. monograph report series, volume 14; "Design of produgs", editors H.Bundgaard, Elsevier, 1985; and Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design, editorial Edward b.roche, American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press, 1987, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

The compounds of the invention may exist in the form of their pharmaceutically acceptable metabolites. The term "metabolite" means a pharmaceutically acceptable form of a metabolic derivative of a compound of the invention (or a salt thereof). In certain aspects, the metabolite may be a functional derivative of a compound that is readily converted to an active compound in vivo. In other aspects, the metabolite can be an active compound.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term "acid isostere" means a replaceable carboxylic acid, having an acidic functionality and steric and electronic character providing an activity level (or other compound characteristic such as solubility) similar to that of the carboxylic acid. Representative acid isosteres include: hydroxamic acids, sulfonic acids, sulfinic acids, sulfonamides, acyl-sulfonamides, phosphonic acids, phosphinic acids, phosphoric acids, tetrazoles, and oxo-oxadiazoles.

By "therapeutically effective amount" is meant an amount sufficient to effect treatment when administered to a patient in need thereof.

As used herein, "treating" or "treatment" refers to treating or treating a disease or medical condition (e.g., viral, bacterial, or fungal infection or other infectious disease, as well as autoimmune or inflammatory conditions) in a patient, such as a mammal (particularly a human or companion animal), which includes ameliorating the disease or medical condition, i.e., eliminating or causing regression of the disease or medical condition in the patient; inhibiting a disease or medical condition, i.e., slowing or arresting the development of a disease or medical condition in a patient; or alleviating a symptom of a disease or medical condition in the patient.

Certain compounds of the present invention may exist in unsolvated as well as solvated forms, including hydrated forms. In general, both solvated and unsolvated forms are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the present invention. Certain compounds of the present invention may exist in polycrystalline or amorphous form (i.e., as polymorphs). All physical forms are equivalent for the uses contemplated by the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain compounds of the present invention may exist in tautomeric forms; all such tautomeric forms of the compounds are within the scope of the invention. For example, some compounds having heteroaryl groups may be substituted with one or more hydroxy groups. Thus, tautomeric forms can include oxo substituents. Certain compounds of the present invention have asymmetric carbon atoms (optical centers) or double bonds; racemates, diastereomers, geometric isomers and individual isomers (e.g., individual enantiomers) are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The compounds of the present invention may also contain an isotope of an atom of a non-natural moiety in one or more of the atoms that make up the compound. For example, the compounds may be treated with radioactive isotopes such as tritium (A), (B), (C³H) Iodine-125 (¹²⁵I) Or carbon-14 (¹⁴C) And performing radioactive labeling. All isotopic variations of the compounds of the present invention, whether radioactive or not, are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the present invention.

The compounds of the invention may include a detectable label. Detectable labels are groups that are detectable at low concentrations, typically below micromolar, perhaps below nanomolar and possibly below picomolar, and are readily distinguishable from other molecules due to differences in molecular properties (e.g., molecular weight, mass-to-charge ratio, radioactivity, redox potential, luminescence, fluorescence, electromagnetic properties, binding properties, etc.). The detectable label can be detected spectroscopically, photochemically, biochemically, immunochemically, electrically, magnetically, electromagnetically, optically, or chemically, and the like.

A wide variety of detectable labels are within the scope of the invention, including hapten labels (e.g., biotin, or labels used in conjunction with a detectable antibody such as horseradish peroxidase); mass label tags (e.g., stable isotope tags); radioisotope labels (including³H、¹²⁵I、³⁵S、¹⁴C or³²P); a metal chelate label; luminous markLabels include fluorescent labels (e.g., fluorescein, isothiocyanate, texas red, rhodamine, green fluorescent protein, etc.), phosphorescent labels, and chemiluminescent labels, typically with quantum yields greater than 0.1; electroactive and electron transfer label labels; enzyme modulator labels include coenzymes, organometallic catalysts horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, and other enzymes commonly used in ELISA; labeling with a photosensitizer; magnetic bead labels include Dynabeads; colorimetric labels such as colloidal gold, silver, selenium or other metal and metal sol labels (see U.S. patent No. 5,120,643, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes) or colored glass or plastic (e.g., polystyrene, polypropylene, latex, etc.) bead labels; and a carbon black label. Patents teaching the use of such detectable labels include U.S. Pat. nos. 3,817,837, 3,850,752, 3,939,350, 3,996,345, 4,277,437, 4,275,149, 4,366,241, 6,312,914, 5,990,479, 6,207,392, 6,423,551, 6,251,303, 6,306,610, 6,322,901, 6,319,426, 6,326,144, and 6,444,143, which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety for all purposes.

Detectable labels are commercially available or can be prepared as known to those skilled in the art. The detectable label can be covalently attached to the compound using a reactive functional group, which can be located at any suitable position. Methods for attaching detectable labels are known to those skilled in the art. When the reactive group is attached to an alkyl group or a substituted alkyl chain attached to an aryl nucleus, the reactive group may be located at a terminal position on the alkyl chain.

Compound (I)

The present invention provides compounds that modulate the activity of CCR (9). Chemokine receptors are integral membrane proteins that interact with extracellular ligands (e.g., chemokines) and mediate cellular responses to the ligands, such as chemotaxis, increased intracellular calcium ion concentrations, and the like. Thus, modulation of chemokine receptor function, e.g., interference with chemokine receptor ligand interactions, will modulate chemokine receptor mediated responses, and treat or prevent chemokine receptor mediated conditions or diseases. Modulating chemokine receptor function includes both induction and inhibition of function. The type of modulation achieved will depend on the nature of the compound, i.e., antagonist or full agonist, partial agonist or inverse agonist.

For example, the compounds of the present invention act as potent CCR (9) antagonists and further demonstrate such antagonistic activity in animal tests against inflammation, one of the hallmark disease states of CCR (9). Thus, the compounds provided herein are useful in pharmaceutical compositions, methods for treating CCR (9) -mediated diseases, and as controls in assays for identifying competitive CCR (9) antagonists.

In the formulae given below, when a variable occurs more than once in the same formula, it may be the same or different. For example, in the formula (I), one R⁸Can be-NH₂And the remainder may be hydrogen.

In one embodiment, the compounds of the present invention may be represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof:

wherein R is¹Selected from substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkylamino and substituted or unsubstituted C_3-10A heterocyclic group;

R²is H, F, Cl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkoxy group; or R¹And R²Together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a non-aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; r³Is H, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy or halogen; r⁴Is H or F; r⁵Is H, F, Cl or-CH₃；R⁶Is H, halogen, -CN, -CO₂R^a、-CONH₂、-NH₂Substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy or substituted or unsubstitutedSubstituted C_1-8An aminoalkyl group; r^aIs H or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group; wherein R is⁵And R⁶May together form a carbocyclic ring; l is a bond or-CH₂-or-CH (CH)₃)-；A¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷And A⁸Each independently selected from N, N-O and-CR⁸-; wherein A is¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷And A⁸At least one and not more than 2 of (a) are N or N-O; each R⁸Independently selected from H, halogen, -CN, -OH, oxo, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, and-NR²⁰R²¹Substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; and R is²⁰And R²¹Each independently is H or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group.

In one embodiment of formula (I), R¹Is substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8An alkyl group; preferably R¹Is tert-butyl; r²、R³、R⁴And R⁵Is H; r⁶Is substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, -CN, -CONH₂、-NH₂Or C_1-8An aminoalkyl group; preferably R⁶Is unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl or C_1-8A haloalkyl group; more preferably R⁶is-CH₃、-CH₂F、-CHF₂or-CF₃(ii) a L is a bond; and A is¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷、A⁸And R⁸As defined by formula (I).

In another embodiment of formula (I), R¹Is substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8An alkyl group; preferably R¹Is tert-butyl; r²Is F; r³、R⁴And R⁵Is H; r⁶Is substituted or unsubstitutedC of (A)_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, -CN, -CONH₂、-NH₂Or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An aminoalkyl group; preferably R⁶Is unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl or C_1-8A haloalkyl group; more preferably R⁶is-CH₃、-CH₂F、-CHF₂or-CF₃(ii) a L is a bond; and A is¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷、A⁸And R⁸As defined by formula (I).

In one embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) of the present invention are represented by formula (II):

wherein R is¹Selected from substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkylamino and substituted or unsubstituted C_3-10A heterocyclic group; r²Is H, F, Cl or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkoxy group; or R¹And R²Together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a non-aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; r³Is H, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy or halogen; r⁴Is H or F; r⁵Is H, F, Cl or-CH₃；R⁶Is H, halogen, -CN, -CO₂R^a、-CONH₂、-NH₂Substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Aminoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkoxy group; r^aIs H or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group; wherein R is⁵And R⁶May together form a carbocyclic ring; l is a bond, -CH₂-or-CH (CH)₃) -; z is selected from

And N-oxides thereof; wherein the Z group may be unsubstituted or substituted with 1-3 independently selected R⁸Substituent group substitution; each R⁸Independently selected from H, halogen, -CN, -OH, oxo, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, -NR²⁰R²¹Substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; and R is²⁰And R²¹Each independently is H or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group.

In one embodiment of formula II, Z is selected from: substituted or unsubstituted quinolyl, substituted or unsubstituted isoquinolyl, substituted or unsubstituted 1, 6-naphthyridinyl, substituted or unsubstituted cinnolinyl, substituted or unsubstituted phthalazinyl, substituted or unsubstituted quinazolinyl.

In one embodiment of formula (II), R¹Is substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8An alkyl group; preferably R¹Is tert-butyl; r²、R³、R⁴And R⁵Is H; r⁶Is substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, -CN, -CONII₂、-NII₂Or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An aminoalkyl group; preferably R⁶Is unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl or C_1-8A haloalkyl group; more preferably R⁶is-CH₃、-CH₂F、-CHF₂or-CF₃。

In another embodiment of formula (II), R¹Is substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8An alkyl group; preferably R¹Is tert-butyl; r²Is F; r³、R⁴And R⁵Is H; r⁶Is substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, -CN, -CONH₂、-NH₂Or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An aminoalkyl group; preferably R⁶Is unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl or C_1-8A haloalkyl group; more preferably R⁶is-CH₃、-CH₂F、-CHF₂or-CF₃。

In one embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) of the present invention are represented by the following formula (IIIa) or formula (IIIb) or salts thereof:

wherein R is¹Selected from substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkylamino and substituted or unsubstituted C_3-10A heterocyclic group; preferably substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8An alkyl group; more preferably a tert-butyl group; r²Is H, F, Cl or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkoxy group; preferably H or F; more preferably H; or R¹And R²Together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a non-aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; r³Is H, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy or halogen; preferably H or halogen; more preferably H; r⁴Is H or F; preferably H; r⁵Is H, F, Cl or-CH₃(ii) a Preferably H; r⁶Is H, halogen, -CN, -CO₂R^a、-CONH₂、-NH₂Substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Aminoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkoxy group; preferably unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl or C_1-8A haloalkyl group; more preferably-CH₃、-CH₂F、-CHF₂or-CF₃；R^aIs H or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group; or wherein R is⁵And R⁶Together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a carbocyclic ring; each R⁸Independently selected from H, halogen, -CN, -OH, oxo, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstitutedC of (A)_1-8Alkoxy, and-NR²⁰R²¹Substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; r²⁰And R²¹Each independently is H or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group; n is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In one embodiment of formula (IIIa) or (IIIb), R¹Is substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8An alkyl group; preferably R¹Is tert-butyl; r²、R³、R⁴And R⁵Is H; r⁶Is substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, -CN, -CONH₂、-NH₂Or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An aminoalkyl group; preferably R⁶Is unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl or C_1-8A haloalkyl group; more preferably R⁶is-CH₃、-CH₂F、-CHF₂or-CF₃(ii) a L is a bond; and A is¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷、A⁸And R⁸As defined by formula (I).

In one embodiment of formula (IIIa) or (IIIb), R¹Is substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8An alkyl group; preferably R¹Is tert-butyl; r²Is F; r³、R⁴And R⁵Is H; r⁶Is substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, -CN, -CONH₂、-NH₂Or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An aminoalkyl group; preferably R⁶Is unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl or C_1-8A haloalkyl group; more preferably R⁶is-CH₃、-CH₂F、-CHF₂or-CF₃(ii) a L is a bond; and A is¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷、A⁸And R⁸As defined by formula (I).

In one embodiment of formula (IIIa) or (IIIb)In the scheme, R¹Is selected from-CH₂CH₃、-CH(CH₃)₂、-C(CH₃)₃、-C(CH₃)₂CH₂CH₃、C(CH₂CH₂)CN、-C(OH)(CH₃)₂、-OCH₃、-OCH₂CH₃、-OCH(CH₃)₂、-OC(CH₃)₃、-OCH₂CH(CH₃)₂、-OCF₃And morpholino; preferably R¹is-C (CH)₃)₃；R²H, F or Cl; preferably R²Is H or F; r¹And R²May together form-OC (CH)₃)₂CH₂-or-C (CH)₃)₂CH₂CH₂-；R³Is H, -CH₃or-OCH₃(ii) a Preferably R³Is H; r⁴Is H or F; preferably R⁴Is H; r⁵Is H; r⁶Is H, -CH₃、-CH₂CH₃、-CH(CH₃)₂、C₃H₇、-CH₂F、-CHF₂、-CF₂CH₃、-CF₃、-CH₂OCH₃、-CH₂OH、-CH₂CN, -CN or-CONH₂(ii) a Preferably R⁶is-CH₃、-CH₂F、-CHF₂or-CF₃(ii) a Each R⁸Independently selected from H, F, Cl, Br, -CH₃、-OH、-OCH₃、-OCH₂CH₃、-NH₂、-N(CH₃)₂and-CN; preferably R⁸Is H or-NH₂。

In some embodiments, R²Is H. In some embodiments, R²Is F.

In one embodiment, the compound of formula (IIIa) or (IIIb) or a salt thereof is selected from:

preferred R¹Substituent group

In the formulae (I, II, IIIa and IIIb), R¹Selected from substituted or unsubstituted C_2-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkylamino and substituted or unsubstituted C_3-10A heterocyclic group. When R is¹In the case of substituted alkyl, the alkyl group is preferably substituted with halogen or hydroxy. When R is¹When substituted alkoxy, the alkoxy is preferably substituted with halogen. Preferably R¹Is unsubstituted C_2-8Alkyl radicals including C_3-8Cycloalkyl radical, C_2-8Haloalkyl, C_1-8Hydroxyalkyl, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy radical, C_1-8Haloalkoxy and C_1-8An alkylamino group; more preferably unsubstituted C_2-8Alkyl radical, C_2-8Haloalkyl, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy and C_1-8An alkylamino group; even more preferably unsubstituted C_2-8Alkyl, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy and morpholino; even more preferably substituted C_2-8(ii) a Tert-butyl is most preferred.

Preferred R⁶Substituent group

In the formulae (I, II, IIIa and IIIb), R⁶Is H, halogen, -CN, -CO₂R^a、-CONH₂、-NH₂Substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An aminoalkyl group. When R is⁶In the case of substituted alkyl, the alkyl group is preferably substituted with halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy or cyano. Preferably R⁶is-CN, -CONH₂、-NH₂Unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, unsubstituted C_1-8Haloalkyl and unsubstituted C_1-8An alkoxy group; more preferably unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl or unsubstituted C_1-8Haloalkyl, even more preferably unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group; most preferred is methyl.

Compositions for modulating chemokine activity

In one aspect, the invention provides compositions that modulate chemokine activity, particularly CCR (9) activity. In general, compositions for modulating chemokine receptor activity in humans and animals may comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or excipient and a compound having any one of formulas I-III.

The term "composition" as used herein is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specified amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specified ingredients in the specified amounts. By "pharmaceutically acceptable" it is meant that the carrier, diluent or excipient must be compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.

Pharmaceutical compositions for administering the compounds of the present invention may be conveniently presented in unit dosage form and prepared by any of the methods well known in the art of pharmacy. All methods include the step of bringing into association the active ingredient with the carrier which constitutes one or more accessory ingredients. In general, pharmaceutical compositions are prepared as follows: by uniformly and directly mixing the active ingredient with a liquid carrier or a finely divided solid carrier or both, and then, if necessary, shaping the product into the desired formulation. In a pharmaceutical composition, the active subject compound is included in an amount sufficient to produce the desired effect in the course of a disease or condition.

The pharmaceutical compositions containing the active ingredient may be in a form suitable for oral use, for example, as tablets, troches, lozenges, aqueous or oily suspensions, dispersible powders or granules, emulsions and self-emulsifying agents (as described in U.S. patent No. 6,451,339), hard or soft capsules or syrups or elixirs. Compositions intended for oral use may be prepared according to any method known to the art for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions. The composition may contain one or more substances selected from the group consisting of: sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents and preserving agents in order to provide pharmaceutically elegant and palatable preparations. Tablets contain the active ingredient in admixture with other non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipients which are suitable for the manufacture of tablets. These excipients may be, for example, inert diluents such as cellulose, silica, alumina, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, glucose, mannitol, sorbitol, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; granulating and disintegrating agents, such as corn starch or alginic acid; binders, such as PVP, cellulose, PEG, starch, gelatin or gum arabic; and lubricating agents, such as magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc. The tablets may be uncoated or they may be enteric coated or otherwise coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer period. For example, a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate may be employed. The tablets may also be coated with techniques described in U.S. Pat. nos. 4,256,108, 4,166,452 and 4,265,874 to form osmotic therapeutic tablets for controlled release.

Formulations for oral use may also be presented as hard gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin; or as a soft gelatin capsule wherein the active ingredient is mixed with water or an oil medium, such as peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil. Additionally, emulsions can be prepared with non-water miscible ingredients such as oils and stabilized with surfactants such as mono-diglycerides, PEG esters, and the like.

Aqueous suspensions contain the active materials in admixture with excipients suitable for the manufacture of aqueous suspensions. Such excipients are suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents may be a naturally occurring phosphatide (for example lecithin), or a condensation product of an alkylene oxide with fatty acids (for example polyoxyethylene stearate), or a condensation product of ethylene oxide with a long chain aliphatic alcohol (for example heptadecaethyleneoxycetanol), or a condensation product of ethylene oxide with a partial ester derived from a fatty acid and a hexitol (for example polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate), or a condensation product of ethylene oxide with a partial ester derived from a fatty acid and a hexitol anhydride (for example polyethylene sorbitan monooleate). Aqueous suspensions may also contain one or more preservatives (e.g., ethyl or n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate), one or more coloring agents, one or more flavoring agents, and one or more sweetening agents, such as sucrose or saccharin.

Oily suspensions may be formulated by suspending the active ingredient in a vegetable oil, for example arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or coconut oil, or in a mineral oil such as liquid paraffin. Oily suspensions may contain a thickening agent, for example beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol. Sweetening agents, such as those set forth above, and flavoring agents may be added to provide a palatable oral preparation. These compositions may be preserved by the addition of an antioxidant such as ascorbic acid.

Dispersible powders and granules suitable for preparation of an aqueous suspension by the addition of water provide the active ingredient in admixture with a dispersing or wetting agent, suspending agent and one or more preservatives. Examples of suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents are those already mentioned above. Other excipients, for example sweetening, flavoring and coloring agents, may also be present.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may also be in the form of oil-in-water emulsions. The oily phase may be a vegetable oil, for example olive oil or arachis oil, or a mineral oil, for example liquid paraffin or mixtures of these oils. Suitable emulsifying agents may be naturally-occurring gums (for example gum acacia or gum tragacanth), naturally-occurring phosphatides (for example soy bean lecithin), and esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides (for example sorbitan monooleate) and condensation products of the said partial esters with ethylene oxide (for example polyoxyethylene dehydration from sorbitol monooleate). The emulsion may also contain sweetening and flavoring agents.

Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents, for example glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol or sucrose. Such formulations may also contain a demulcent (demulcent), a preservative, flavouring and colouring agents. Oral solutions can be prepared in combination with, for example, cyclodextrin, PEG, and a surfactant.

The pharmaceutical compositions may be in the form of a sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous suspension. Such suspensions may be formulated according to the known art using those suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents which have been mentioned above. The sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1, 3-butanediol. Among the acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water, ringer's solution and isotonic sodium chloride solution. In addition, sterile fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium. For this purpose, any bland fixed oil may be employed including synthetic mono-or diglycerides. In addition, fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the preparation of injectables.

The compounds of the present invention may also be administered in the form of suppositories for rectal administration. These compositions can be prepared by mixing the drug with a suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug. Such materials include cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols. In addition, the compounds may be administered by ocular delivery as a solution or ointment. Still further, transdermal delivery of the subject compounds may be achieved by means of iontophoretic patches and the like.

For topical use, creams, ointments, jellies, solutions or suspensions containing the compounds of the present invention are used. As used herein, topical application is also meant to include the use of mouth washes and gargles.

The pharmaceutical compositions and methods of the invention may also include other therapeutically active compounds described herein, such as those compounds that are useful in the treatment of the pathological conditions described above.

In one embodiment, the invention provides a composition consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a compound of the invention.

Method of treatment

Depending on the disease to be treated and the condition of the subject, the compounds and compositions of the present invention may be administered by oral, parenteral (e.g., intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intravenous, ICV, intracisternal injection or infusion, subcutaneous injection or implant), inhalation, nasal, vaginal, rectal, sublingual or topical routes of administration and may be formulated alone or together in suitable dosage unit formulations containing conventional non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants and vehicles appropriate for each route of administration. The present invention also contemplates administration of the compounds and compositions of the present invention in a depot formulation.

In the treatment or prevention of conditions requiring chemokine receptor modulation, appropriate dosage levels will generally be in the range of about 0.001 to 100mg/kg patient body weight per day, which may be administered in one or more doses. Preferred dosage levels may range from about 0.01 to about 25 mg/kg/day; more preferably from about 0.05 to about 10 mg/kg/day. Suitable dosage levels may be about 0.01-25 mg/kg/day, about 0.05-10 mg/kg/day, or about 0.1-5 mg/kg/day. Within this range, the dosage may be 0.005-0.05, 0.05-0.5, 0.5-5.0, or 5.0-50 mg/kg/day. For oral administration, the compositions are preferably provided in the form of tablets containing 1.0 to 1000 milligrams of the active ingredient, particularly 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, 50.0, 75.0, 100.0, 150.0, 200.0, 250.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0, 600.0, 750.0, 800.0, 900.0 and 1000.0 milligrams of the active ingredient for the symptomatic adjustment of the dosage to the patient to be treated. The compounds may be administered on a regimen of 1-4 times per day, preferably once or twice per day.

It will be understood, however, that the specific dose level and frequency of dosage for any particular patient may be varied and will depend upon a variety of factors including the activity of the specific compound employed, the metabolic stability and length of action of that compound, the age, body weight, genetic characteristics, general health, sex, diet, mode and time of administration, rate of excretion, drug combination, the severity of the particular condition, and the host undergoing therapy.

In some embodiments, the compounds of the present invention are administered as part of a combination therapy. For example, an amount of a chemotherapeutic agent or radiation is administered to the subject before, after, or in combination with a compound of the invention. In some embodiments, the amount is under-treated when the chemotherapeutic agent or radiation is administered alone. One skilled in the art will appreciate that "combination" can include combinations of treatments (i.e., two or more drugs can be administered as a mixture, or at least administered simultaneously or at least introduced into a subject at different times but such that the two drugs are in the subject's bloodstream at the same time). In addition, the compositions of the present invention may be administered before or after the second treatment regimen, e.g., before or after a dose of chemotherapy or irradiation.

In still other embodiments, the methods of the present invention relate to the treatment of allergic diseases, wherein a compound or composition of the present invention is administered alone or in combination with a second therapeutic agent, wherein the second therapeutic agent is an antihistamine or an anti-inflammatory. When used in combination, the physician may administer a combination of a compound or composition of the invention and a second therapeutic agent. Further, the compound or composition and the second therapeutic agent may be administered sequentially in any order.

The compounds and compositions of the present invention may be combined with other compounds and compositions having utility in connection with the prevention and treatment of target conditions or diseases, such as inflammatory conditions and diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (including crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), allergic diseases, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and asthma, and those pathologies mentioned above. Selection of suitable agents for use in combination therapy can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art. Combinations of therapeutic agents can act synergistically to achieve treatment or prevention of various disorders. With this method, therapeutic efficacy can be achieved with lower doses of various agents, thus reducing the potential for adverse side effects.

In treating, preventing, ameliorating, controlling or reducing the risk of inflammation, the compounds of the present invention may be used in combination with: anti-inflammatory or analgesic agents such as opiate agonists, lipoxygenase inhibitors such as 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors, cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, interleukin inhibitors such as interleukin-1 inhibitors, NMDA antagonists, nitric oxide inhibitors or nitric oxide synthesis inhibitors, aminosalicylates, corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents or cytokine-suppressive anti-inflammatory agents; for example in combination with: such as acetaminophen, aspirin, codeine, biological TNF chelators, biological agents targeting α 4 β 7, ACE2 inhibitors, protein kinase (linase) C inhibitors, fentanyl, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketorolac, morphine, naproxen, phenacetin, piroxicam, steroidal analgesics, sufentanil, sulindac, tenidap, and the like.

Likewise, the compounds of the present invention may be administered with: an analgesic; potentiators such as caffeine, H2-antagonists, simethicone, aluminum hydroxide, or magnesium hydroxide; decongestants such as pseudoephedrine; antitussives such as codeine; diuretic agents; sedating or non-sedating antihistamines; a very late antigen (VLA-4) antagonist; immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine, tacrolimus, rapamycin, EDG receptor agonists or other FK-506 type immunosuppressive drugs; a steroid; non-steroidal anti-asthmatics such as beta 2-agonists, self-triene antagonists or self-triene biosynthesis inhibitors; inhibitors of phosphodiesterase type IV (PDE-IV); cholesterol lowering agents such as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, chelating agents or cholesterol absorption inhibitors; and antidiabetics such as insulin, alpha glucosidase inhibitors or glitazones.

The weight ratio of the compound of the invention to the second active ingredient can vary and will depend upon the effective dosage of each ingredient. Generally, effective doses of each drug can be used. Thus, for example, when a compound of the invention is combined with an NSAID, the weight ratio of the compound of the invention to NSAID is generally in the range of about 1000: 1 to about 1: 1000, preferably about 200: 1 to about 1: 200. Combinations of the compounds of the invention and other active ingredients will generally also be within the aforementioned ranges, but in each case an effective dose of each active ingredient should be used.

Methods of treating or preventing CCR (9) -mediated conditions or diseases

In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of treating or preventing a condition or disease mediated by CCR (9) by administering to a subject suffering from said condition or disease a therapeutically effective amount of any compound of the above formula. Compounds useful in the methods of the invention include compounds of the above formula, compounds provided in the above embodiments, compounds specifically exemplified in the examples below, and compounds provided in the specific structures herein. A "subject" is defined herein to include animals such as mammals, including, but not limited to, primates (e.g., humans), cows, sheep, horses, dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, mice, and the like. In a preferred embodiment, the subject is a human.

The phrase "CCR (9) -mediated condition or disease" and related phrases and terms as used herein refer to conditions or diseases characterized by aberrant (i.e., less than or greater than normal) CCR (9) functional activity. Aberrant CCR (9) functional activity may occur due to expression of CCR (9) by cells that do not normally express CCR (9), increased CCR (9) expression (leading to, for example, inflammatory and immunomodulatory disorders and diseases), or decreased CCR (9) expression. Abnormal CCR (9) functional activity may also occur due to TECK secretion by cells that normally do not secrete TECK, increased TECK expression (leading to, for example, inflammatory and immunoregulatory disorders and diseases), or decreased TECK expression. A CCR (9) -mediated condition or disease may be mediated in whole or in part by aberrant CCR (9) functional activity. However, a CCR (9) -mediated condition or disease is one in which modulation of CCR (9) causes some effect on the underlying condition or disease (e.g., a CCR (9) antagonist causes some improvement in patient health in at least some patients).

The term "therapeutically effective amount" means that amount of the subject compound that will elicit the biological or medical response in a cell, tissue, system, animal (e.g., human) that is being sought by the researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other medical professional.

Diseases and conditions associated with inflammation, immune disorders, infection, and cancer can be treated or prevented with the compounds, compositions, and methods of the invention. In one group of embodiments, diseases or conditions, including chronic diseases, of humans or other species may be treated with inhibitors of CCR (9) function. Such diseases or conditions include: (1) allergic diseases such as systemic anaphylaxis or hypersensitivity, drug allergy, insect sting allergy and food allergy; (2) inflammatory bowel diseases such as crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, microscopic colitis, ileitis and enteritis and post-hand ileus; (3) vaginitis; (4) psoriasis and inflammatory dermatoses such as dermatitis, eczema, atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, urticaria and pruritus; (5) vasculitis; (6) spondyloarthropathy; (7) scleroderma; (8) asthma and allergic diseases of the respiratory tract such as allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic lung diseases, etc.; (9) autoimmune diseases such as fibromyalgia, ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile RA, Still's disease, polyarticular juvenile RA, oligoarticular juvenile RA, polymyalgia rheumatica, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, osteoarthritis, polyarticular arthritis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type I diabetes, type II diabetes, glomerulonephritis, and the like; (10) graft rejection (including allograft rejection); (11) graft versus host disease (both acute and chronic); (12) other diseases in which undesirable inflammatory reactions are to be inhibited, such as atherosclerosis, myositis, neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Alzheimer's disease), encephalitis, meningitis, hepatitis, nephritis, sepsis, sarcoidosis, allergic conjunctivitis, otitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sinusitis, Behcet's syndrome, and gout; (13) immune-mediated food allergies, such as Celiac disease (Coeliac/Celiac disease); (14) pulmonary fibrosis and other fibrotic diseases; (15) irritable bowel syndrome; (16) primary sclerosing cholangitis; (17) cancer (including both primary and metastatic); (18) bacteria-related syndromes such as hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome; (19) melanoma; (20) primary sclerosing cholangitis; (21) postoperative ileus; (22) hepatitis; and (23) inflammatory liver disease.

In another set of embodiments, the disease or condition may be treated with modulators and agonists of CCR (9) function. Examples of diseases to be treated by modulating CCR (9) function include cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diseases in which angiogenesis or neovascularization plays a role (neoplastic diseases, retinopathies and macular degeneration), infectious diseases (viral infections such as HIV infections and bacterial infections) and immunosuppressive diseases such as organ transplant conditions and skin transplant conditions. The term "organ transplant condition" is meant to include bone marrow transplant conditions and solid organ (e.g., kidney, liver, lung, heart, pancreas, or combinations thereof) transplant conditions.

Preferably the method of the invention relates to the treatment of a disease or condition selected from: inflammatory bowel diseases include crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, allergic diseases, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and asthma, autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and immune-mediated food allergies such as celiac disease.

In still other embodiments, the methods of the present invention relate to the treatment of psoriasis, wherein a compound or composition of the invention is used alone or in combination with a second therapeutic agent which is: such as corticosteroids, emollients, keratolytics, vitamin D₃Derivatives, PUVA and dithranol.

In other embodiments, the methods of the invention relate to the use of a compound or composition of the invention, alone or in combination with a second therapeutic agent (e.g., a lubricant and a corticotropin) to treat atopic dermatitis.

In a further embodiment, the methods of the invention involve the use of a compound or composition of the invention, alone or in combination with a second therapeutic agent (e.g., a β 2-agonist and a corticosteroid), to treat asthma.

Preparation of the modulators

The following examples are provided to illustrate, but not to limit, the claimed invention.

In addition, one skilled in the art will recognize that the molecules claimed in this patent can be synthesized using a variety of standard organic chemical transformations.

Some general reaction types widely used for the synthesis of the target compounds of the present invention are summarized in the examples. In particular, general methods of sulfonamide formation and aza-aryl N-oxide formation are described and are routinely employed.

Although not intended to be exhaustive, the following includes representative synthetic organic transformations that may be employed to prepare the compounds of the present invention.

These representative transformation methods include: standard functional group manipulations; reduction of e.g. nitro to amino; oxidation of functional groups including alcohols and aza-aryls; aryl substitution by IPSO or other mechanisms referencing a variety of groups including nitrile, methyl, and halogen; introducing and removing a protecting group; grignard formation and reaction with electrophiles; metal-mediated cross-coupling including, but not limited to, Buckwald, Suzuki and Sonigashira reactions; halogenation and other electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions; diazonium salt formation and reactions of these classes; etherification; cyclized condensation (cyclic condensation), dehydration, oxidation, and reduction to produce a heteroaryl group; aryl metallation and transmetallation and subsequent reaction of aryl-metal species with electrophiles (e.g., acid chlorides or Weinreb amides); amidation; esterification; nucleophilic substitution reaction; alkylation; acylation; sulfonamide formation; chlorosulfonyl acylation; esters and related hydrolysis, and the like.

Certain molecules claimed in this patent may exist in different enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms, and all such variations of these compounds are within the scope of the invention. Specifically, when R is⁸When OH and ortho to nitrogen, although represented by the formula-N ═ c (OH) -it is understood that the tautomeric form-NH-c (o) -is also within the scope of this formula.

In the following description of the synthesis, some precursors are obtained from commercial sources. Such commercially available sources include Aldrich Chemical Co., Acros Organics, Ryan Scicntific incorporated, Oakwood products incorporated, Lancaster Chemicals, Sigma Chemical Co., Lancaster Chemical Co., TCI-America, Alfa Aesar, Davos Chemicals, and GFS Chemicals.

The compounds of the invention, including the compounds listed in the active table, can be prepared by the methods and means described in the experimental section below, and by using standard organic chemical transformations well known to those skilled in the art.

Examples

Exemplary compounds for use in the methods and pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the compounds listed in the following table. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds listed in this table may also be used in the methods of the invention and the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention. These compounds are within the scope of the present invention and are tested for CCR (9) activity as described below.

In the section entitled "example of an in vitro assay" (in which a "chemotaxis assay" is described) below, the activity of the compounds of the invention was determined in the chemotaxis assay described herein. In this chemotaxis assay, the IC of all compounds listed in Table 1₅₀＜1000nM。

Table 1: exemplary compounds having CCR (9) activity in calcium mobilization assays. IC (integrated circuit)₅₀Compounds with values less than 100nM are designated (+++); 100-1000nM is designated (++); higher than 1000nM is marked (+) by the mark.

Table 2: exemplary compounds having CCR (9) activity in serum migration assays. EC (EC)₅₀Compounds with values less than 500nM are designated (+++); 501 + 2500nM is designated (++); higher than 2501nM is marked (+) by the mark.

The reagents and solvents used below are available from commercial sources, such as Aldrich Chemical Co. (Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA).¹H-NMR was recorded on a Varian Mercury 400MHz NMR spectrometer. The effective peaks are listed in the following order: peak number (br, broad; s, singlet; d, doublet; t, triplet; q, quartet; m, multiplet) and proton number. Mass spectrometer results are reported as mass to charge ratio, followed by the relative abundance of each ion (in parentheses). In the table, a single M/e value is reported for M + H (or, as stated, M-H, M + Na, etc.) ions containing the most common atomic isotopes. In all cases, the isotopic pattern corresponds to the intended formula. Electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry was performed using HP1100HPLC for sample delivery with a Hewlett-Packard MSD electrospray mass spectrometer. Typically the analyte is dissolved in methanol at 0.1mg/mL, 1 microliter is injected into the mass spectrometer with the delivery solvent, and scans from 100 to 1500 daltons. All compounds can be analyzed in the positive ESI mode using acetonitrile/water with 1% formic acid as the delivery solvent. A solution containing 2mM NH may also be used₄Acetonitrile/water from OAc as the delivery system, compounds provided below were analyzed in the negative ESI mode.

The compounds of the invention can be synthesized by general synthesis a shown below. Arylsulfonyl chlorides of formula A are substituted with bases such as pyridine at a suitable temperature such as 80 deg.C in the presence of a base such as pyridineAnd (3) processing the pyrazole amine B to obtain the aryl sulfonamide shown in the formula C. Pyrazoxamine B can be synthesized by treating hydrazine D with nitrile C in a solvent (e.g. ethanol) at a suitably elevated temperature. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that substituents include, for example, R¹、R²、R³、R⁴And R⁶Protection with standard protecting groups may be required during synthesis, depending on their reactivity towards the reaction conditions, as known to those skilled in the art.

General Synthesis A

Example 1: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinazolin-4-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) A stirred solution of 4-hydrazinoquinazoline (0.16g, 1.0mmol) and 3-oxo-butyronitrile (0.083g, 1.0mmol) in ethanol (10mL) was heated at 60 ℃ for 18 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂30% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford the desired compound (0.20g, 0.089mmol, 89%).

b) While stirring, a mixture of 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.084g, 0.36mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinazolin-4-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.067g, 0.30mmol) in pyridine (0.6mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours after cooling to room temperature dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washed with 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂5-60% ethyl acetate/hexane) pureTo give the title compound as a white solid (0.30g, 0.071mmol, 24%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)10.92(s, 1H), 9.27(dd, J ═ 1.2, 8.8Hz, 1H), 9.98(s, 1H), 7.99(dd, J ═ 0.8, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.89(ddd, J ═ 1.2, 6.8, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.66-7.61(m, 2H), 7.28-7.25(m, 2H), 6.34(s, 1H), 2.37(s, 3H), 1.13(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₂H₂₄F₃N₅O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺422.2, found 422.3.

Example 2: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (1- (isoquinolin-4-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) To a stirred solution of 4-aminoisoquinoline (1.4g, 10.0mmol) in 5N aqueous hydrochloric acid (12mL) at 0 deg.C was added sodium nitrite (NaNO)₂0.069g, 10.0mmol) of deionized water (1mL) while maintaining the internal temperature below 0 ℃. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes and tin (II) chloride dihydrate (SnCl) dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid (5mL) was added dropwise₂·2H₂O, 5.6g, 25.0 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and the solution was adjusted to pH about 12-14 with 20% aqueous sodium hydroxide. The mixture was diluted with 2: 1CHCl₃iPrOH extraction. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product obtained is purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford the desired compound (0.84g, 5.3mmol, 53%).

b) A stirred suspension of 4-hydrazinoisoquinoline (0.32g, 2.0mmol) and 3-oxo-butyronitrile (0.16g, 0.19mmol) in ethanol (10mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 3 h. After cooling to room temperature, 20% aqueous sodium hydroxide (1mL) was added to the reaction mixture and heated at 80 ℃ for an additional 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo.The crude residue was dissolved in 1: 1 dichloromethane/methanol (40mL) and the phases separated. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) And filtered through a pad of celite. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and the crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂50-100% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.36g, 1.6mmol, 81%).

c) A mixture of 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.10g, 0.43mmol) li-1- (isoquinolin-4-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.080g, 0.36mmol) in pyridine (5mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂50-100% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.18g, 0.12mmol, 27%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)8.89(s, 1H), 8.02(s, 1H), 8.87(dd, J ═ 1.6, 6.8Hz, 1H), 7.58-7.53(m, 2H), 7.58(s, 1H), 7.56(s, 1H), 7.39-7.35(m, 3H), 6.25(s, 1H), 2.34(s, 3H), 1.32(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₅N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺421.2, found 422.2.

Example 3: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (1- (8-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) To a stirred solution of 8-fluoroquinolin-4-amine (1.0g, 6.2mmol) in concentrated hydrochloric acid (6.2mL) and deionized water (6.0mL) at 0 deg.C was added NaNO₂(0.51g, 7.4mmol) in deionized water (3 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes, then SnCl was added dropwise₂·2H₂A solution of O (2.8g, 12.4mmol) in deionized water (3 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and the suspension was basified with aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The mixture was diluted with 2: 1CHCl₃iPrOH extraction. The organic layer was washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydrogen sulfate solution and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting crude product was used without further purification (0.34g, 1.9mmol, 31%).

b) While stirring, the crude product 4-chloro-8-fluoroquinoline (0.27g, 1.5mmol) and NH₂NH₂·H₂A solution of O (1.5mL, 16.6mmol) in ethanol (1.6mL) was heated at microwave 160 ℃ for 1 hour. After cooling the mixture to room temperature, saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture and the aqueous layer was washed with 2: 1CHCl₃/iPrOH (2 × 5mL) extraction the combined organic layers were washed with water and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used without further purification (0.27g, 1.5mmol, 100%).

c) A stirred solution of the crude product 8-fluoro-4-hydrazinoquinoline (0.27g, 1.5mmol) and 3-oxo-butyronitrile (0.15g, 0.19mmol) in pyridine (3mL) was heated at 80 deg.C for 15 h after cooling to room temperature, a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate was added to the reaction mixture, extracted with dichloromethane (3 × 10mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used without further purification (0.14g, 0.76mmol, 50%).

d) While stirring, a mixture of 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.13g, 0.55mmol) and the crude product 1- (8-fluoroquinolin-4-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.14g, 0.55mmol) in pyridine (1mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours, after cooling to room temperature, dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washing with 1M aqueous sodium hydrogen sulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.005g, 0.011mmol, 2%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)8.80(d，J＝4.8Hz，1H)，7.61(d，J＝1.6Hz，1H)，7.59(d，J＝2.0Hz，1H)，7.47-7.41(m，5H)，713(d, J ═ 4.8Hz, 1H), 6.20(s, 1H), 2.35(s, 3H), 1.35(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₄FN₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺439.5, found 439.3.

Example 4: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) A solution of 5-aminoquinoline (0.75g, 5.2mmol) in concentrated hydrochloric acid (3.8mL) was stirred at 0 deg.C for 10 min. A solution of sodium nitrite (0.43g, 6.2mmol) in deionized water (0.5mL) was added to the cold reaction mixture over 10 minutes and stirred at 0 deg.C for 1 hour to form a heterogeneous mixture. L-ascorbic acid (0.95g, 5.4mmol) was then added to the reaction mixture over 10 minutes. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 45 minutes. The reaction slurry was then heated at 80 ℃ for 20 minutes and deionized water (4mL) was added. The suspension was cooled to 0 ℃ again and stirred for 2 hours. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with methanol to give the desired product (0.45g, 2.8mmol, 54%).

b) To a stirred suspension of quinolin-5-yl-hydrazine (0.25g, 1.6mmol) in 3: 1 ethanol/deionized water (2.5mL) was added 3-oxo-butyronitrile (0.13g, 1.6 mmol). The reaction mixture was then heated at 60 ℃ for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the resulting crude product was used without further purification (0.21g, 1.5mmol, 94%).

c) While stirring, a mixture of 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.59g, 2.5mmol) and the crude product 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.47g, 2.1mmol) in pyridine (0.6mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours, after cooling to room temperature, dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washing with 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), and the combined organic layers wereBy drying (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂1-10% methanol/dichloromethane with 10% ammonium hydroxide) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.18g, 0.12mmol, 6%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)8.87(dd, J ═ 1.2, 4.0Hz, 1H), 8.11(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.58-7.53(m, 4H), 7.42(s, 1H), 7.40(s, 1H), 7.29-7.23(m, 1H), 6.94(d, J ═ 7.2Hz, 1H), 6.28(s, 1H), 2.34(s, 3H), 1.36(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₅N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺421.2, found 421.3.

Example 5: synthesis of N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) -4- (trifluoromethoxy) benzenesulfonamide

A stirred mixture of 4- (trifluoromethoxy) benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.060g, 0.23mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.050g, 0.22mmol) in pyridine (1.0mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 1 hour after cooling to room temperature dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washed with 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂2-10% methanol/dichloromethane) and reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H with 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.010g, 0.022mmol, 10%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)8.75(d, J ═ 4.0Hz, 1H), 8.01(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.71(s, 1H), 7.69(s, 1H), 7.56(t, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.49(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.21-7.17(m, 4H), 6.12(s, 1H), 2.34(s, 3H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₀H₁₆F₃N₄O₃S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺449.1, found 449.7.

Example 6: synthesis of 4-ethyl-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

A mixture of 4-ethylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.033g, 0.16mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.030g, 0.13mmol) in pyridine (1.0mL) was heated at 80 deg.C for 2 hours while stirring, after cooling to room temperature, dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washed with 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.019g, 0.049mmol, 38%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)8.86(dd, J ═ 2.0, 4.0Hz, 1H), 8.12(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.60(dd, J ═ 7.2, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.51-7.46(m, 3H), 7.27-7.23(m, 1H), 7.15(s, 1H), 7.13(s, 1H), 7.06(d, J ═ 7.6Hz, 1H), 6.27(s, 1H), 2.68(q, J ═ 7.6Hz, 2H), 2.34(s, 3H), 1.27(t, J ═ 7.6Hz, 3H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₁H₂₁N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺393.2, found 393.2.

Example 7: synthesis of 4-isopropyl-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

A mixture of 4-tert-pentylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.028g, 0.13mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.023g, 0.10mmol) in pyridine (1.0mL) was heated at 80 deg.C for 18 hours while stirring after cooling to room temperature, dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washing with 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), and the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.020g, 0.05mmol, 50%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)9.02(d, J ═ 4.4Hz, 1H), 8.43(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 8.30(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.87-7.33(m, 2H), 7.72-7.70(m, 3H), 7.35(s, 1H), 7.33(s, 1H), 5.94(s, 1H), 3.04-2.98(m, 1H), 2.32(s, 3H), 1.29(s, 6H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₂H₂₃N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺407.2, found 407.0.

Example 8: synthesis of 4-isopropoxy-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

A stirred mixture of 4-isopropoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.10g, 0.52mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.10g, 0.44mmol) in pyridine (2mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate was added to the reaction mixture, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was in turn purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂2-10% methanol/dichloromethane) and reverse phase HPLC (C18 column)acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.015g, 0.036mmol, 8%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)8.58(dd, J ═ 2.0, 4.0Hz, 1H), 8.09(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.61(dd, J ═ 7.6, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.50(d, J ═ 2.0Hz, 1H), 7.48(d, J ═ 1.6Hz, 1H), 7.25-7.21(m, 2H), 7.14(dd, J ═ 0.8, 7.2Hz, 1H), 6.74(d, J ═ 2.4Hz, 1H), 6.72(d, J ═ 2.0Hz, 1H), 6.25(s, 1H), 4.57(hept, J ═ 6.0Hz, 1H), 2.33(s, 3H), 1.39(d, 6.39, 6.4H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₃N₄O₃S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺423.2, found 423.0.

Example 9: synthesis of 4-isobutoxy-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) To a stirred solution of isobutoxybenzene (0.60g, 4.0mmol) in dichloromethane (5mL) was added dropwise chlorosulfonic acid (0.6mL, 9.1mmol) at-45 deg.C, and the reaction mixture was stirred at-45 deg.C for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was then warmed to 0 ℃ and chlorosulfonic acid (0.6mL, 9.1mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 0 ℃ for 1 hour and poured into ice. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂5-10% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give 4-isobutoxyphenyl-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.32g, 1.1mmol, 28%).

b) A stirred mixture of 4-isobutoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.060g, 0.24mmol), 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.050g, 0.22mmol), and 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine (DMAP, 0.025g, 0.20mmol) in pyridine (2mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, sodium bicarbonate was addedA saturated aqueous solution was added to the reaction mixture, followed by extraction with methylene chloride. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was in turn purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂2-5% methanol/dichloromethane) and reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H with 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.041g, 0.094mmol, 43%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)8.84(d, J ═ 4.0Hz, 1H), 8.11(d, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.63(t, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.44(m, 2H), 7.23(d, J ═ 4.0, Hz, 1H), 7.21(d, J ═ 4.0, Hz, 1H), 7.15(dd, J ═ 1.2, 7.2Hz, 1H), 6.72(d, J ═ 2.4Hz, 1H), 6.70(d, J ═ 2.4Hz, 1H), 6.25(s, 1H), 3.72(dd, J ═ 2.0, 6.4Hz, 2H), 2.33(s, 3H), 2.13(hept, J ═ 6.4, 1H), 6.4 (dd, 6.08 Hz, 6.4H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₅N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺437.2, found 437.0.

Example 10: synthesis of N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) -4-tert-pentylbenzenesulfonamide

While stirring, a mixture of 4-tert-pentylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.13g, 0.53mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.10g, 0.44mmol) in pyridine (1.0mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 3 hours after cooling to room temperature, dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washing with 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.11g, 0.24mmol, 55%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)8.96(dd, J ═ 1.6, 4.8Hz, 1H), 8.20(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 8.13(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.75(d, J ═ 7.6Hz, 1H), 7.71(s, 1H), 7.69(s, 1H), 7.54(dd, J ═ 4.8, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.46-7.43(m, 3H), 6.02(s, 1H), 2.32(s, 3H), 1.70(q, J ═ 7.2Hz, 2H), 1.34(s, 6H), 0.70(t, J ═ 7.2Hz, 3H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₄H₂₇N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺435.2, found 435.1.

Example 11: synthesis of 4- (2-hydroxypropan-2-yl) -N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) A mixture of 4-acetylbenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.050g, 0.22mmol), 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.060g, 0.27mmol), and DMAP (0.027g, 0.22mmol) in pyridine (2mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 2.5 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, 1M aqueous lithium hydroxide (2mL) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred for 2 hours. To the solution was added 4: 1 dichloromethane/methanol and washed with 1M aqueous ammonium chloride (5 mL). The pH of the solution was adjusted to about 8-9 with ammonium hydroxide and the phases were separated. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂2-5% methanol/dichloromethane). The product was then recrystallized from a small amount of 4: 1 dichloromethane/methanol and the solid collected by filtration to give the desired solid (0.059g, 0.15mmol, 66%).

b) While stirring, a solution of methylmagnesium bromide (1.4M solution in 3: 1 toluene/THF, 1.4mL, 2.0mmol) was added to a flask containing 4-acetyl-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide (0.059g, 0.15mmol) in THF (6mL) at-45 ℃. The reaction mixture was slowly warmed to 1 hour4: 1 dichloromethane/methanol (2mL) was added at-10 ℃. The organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.020g, 0.047mmol, 32%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)8.81(d, J ═ 4.4Hz, 1H), 8.05(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.54(t, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.69(d, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.67(s, 1H), 7.65(s, 1H), 7.51-7.47(m, 3H), 7.36(dd, J ═ 4.4, 8.4Hz, 1H), 5.73(s, 1H), 2.15(s, 3H), 1.56(s, 6H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₂H₂₃N₄O₃S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺433.2, found 433.0.

Example 12: synthesis of 2, 2-dimethyl-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) -2, 3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-sulfonamide

A stirred mixture of 2, 2-dimethyl-2, 3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-sulfonyl chloride (0.10g, 0.41mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.11g, 0.49mmol) in pyridine (0.41mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was in turn purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂0-20% ethyl acetate/hexanes) and reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H with 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.070g, 0.16mmol, 40%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)8.82(s，1H)，8.06(d，J＝8.0Hz，1H)，7.60(t，J＝7.6Hz，1H)，7.54(d，J＝8.0Hz，1H)，7.42(d，J＝8.4Hz，1H)，7.31(s，1H)，7.24(d，J＝3.2Hz，1H)，7.19(d，J＝6.8Hz，1H)，6.61(d，J＝8.8Hz，1H)，6.24(s，1H)，2.89(s，2H) 2.34(s, 3H), 1.51(s, 6H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₃N₄O₃S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺435.2, found 435.3.

Example 13: synthesis of 2, 2-dimethyl-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) chroman-6-sulfonamide

A stirred mixture of 2, 2-dimethylchroman-6-sulfonyl chloride (0.050g, 0.22mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.068g, 0.26mmol) in pyridine (1.0mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours after cooling to room temperature, dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washing with 1M saturated aqueous hydrogen sulfate solution (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue obtained is in turn purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂0-20% ethyl acetate/hexanes) and reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H with 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.010g, 0.022mmol, 10%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)9.09(d, J ═ 4.8Hz, 1H), 8.38(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 8.29(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.87(t, J ═ 7.6Hz, 1H), 7.66(dd, J ═ 4.8, 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.61(d, J ═ 7.6Hz, 1H), 7.40-7.38(m, 2H), 6.72(d, J ═ 9.2Hz, 1H), 6.09(s, 1H), 2.71(t, J ═ 6.4Hz, 2H), 2.34(s, 3H), 1.83(t, J ═ 6.4Hz, 2H), 1.36(s, 6H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₄H₂₅N₄O₃S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺449.2, found 449.1.

Example 14: synthesis of 1, 1-dimethyl-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) -2, 3-dihydro-1H-indene-5-sulfonamide

a) To a stirred solution of 3, 3-dimethyl-1-tetralone (0.10g, 0.64mmol) in sulfuric acid (0.63mL) at 0 deg.C was added potassium nitrate (KNO)₃0.063g, 0.63mmol) of sulfuric acid (0.2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ℃ for 1 hour, then warmed to room temperature and stirred for 15 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with ice and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂20% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.096g, 0.47mmol, 73%).

b) In a Parr shaker, a solution containing 3, 3-dimethyl-6-nitro-1-tetralone (1.0g, 4.8mmol) and palladium hydroxide on carbon (Pd (OH)₂20% by weight, 0.52g) of methanol (2mL) and methanesulfonic acid (MeSO)₃H, 0.4mL, 6.2mmol) was hydrogenated at 50psi for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with methanol and filtered through a pad of celite. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and the resulting crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂100% ethyl acetate) to give the desired product (0.34g, 2.1mmol, 44%).

c) At 0 deg.C, a glacial acetic acid solution (8mL) was sparged with sulfur dioxide gas (SO)₂) For 30 minutes. Adding copper (II) chloride (CuCl)₂0.29g, 2.16mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes to give a blue/green solution. To another flask containing concentrated hydrochloric acid (4.2mL) containing 1, 1-dimethylindan-5-amine (0.34g, 2.13mmol) at 0 deg.C was added NaNO₂(0.22g, 3.2mmol) and stirred for 30 minutes. The diazo solution was then slowly added to the prepared copper solution and stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was then slowly heated to 70 ℃ over 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was quenched with deionized water, and the aqueous layer was quenched with ethyl acetate (2)× 10mL) was extracted, the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂0-10% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.067g, 0.27mmol, 13%).

d) A mixture of 1, 1-dimethylindan-5-sulfonyl chloride (0.030g, 0.13mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.028g, 0.12mmol) in pyridine (0.12mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 1 hour while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue obtained is in turn purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂20% ethyl acetate/hexanes) and reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H with 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.015g, 0.036mmol, 28%).¹H NMR(400MHz，DMSO-d₆)10.30(s, 1H), 8.90(d, J ═ 3.2Hz, 1H), 8.06(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.73(t, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.57(d, J ═ 9.2Hz, 1H), 7.46(dd, J ═ 4.0, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.30-7.26(m, 2H), 7.18(s, 1H), 7.11(d, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 6.05(s, 1H), 2.71(d, J ═ 7.6Hz, 2H), 2.20(s, 3H), 1.84(d, J ═ 7.2Hz, 2H), 1.18(s, 6H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₄H₂₅N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺433.2, found 433.1.

Example 15: synthesis of 3-fluoro-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) -4-morpholinobenzenesulfonamide

a) A mixture of 4-bromo-3-fluorobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (1.4g, 5.2mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.90g, 4.0mmol) in pyridine (10mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and then heated at 80 ℃ for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid (1mL) was added to the reaction mixture and extracted with dichloromethane (2X 5 mL). The combined organic layers were dried (Na2SO4), filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO2, 0-10% methanol/ethyl acetate) to afford the desired product (0.20g, 0.43mmol, 11%).

b) 4-bromo-3-fluoro-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide (0.07g, 0.15mmol), morpholine (0.066g, 0.75mmol), tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0) (Pd)₂(dba)₃0.007g, 0.008mmol), 2 '-bis (diphenylphosphino) -1, 1' -binaphthyl (BINAP, 0.014g, 0.023mmol) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (K)₃PO₄·H₂O, 0.21g, 0.90mmol) in dry N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 6mL) was purged with nitrogen for 5 minutes. The reaction mixture was heated at 90 ℃ for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, ethyl acetate (10mL) was added to the reaction mixture, which was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.049g, 0.11mmol, 70%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)9.06(dd, J ═ 1.6, 4.8Hz, 1H), 8.36(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 8.31(d, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.88(dd, J ═ 8.4, 9.6Hz, 1H), 7.68(d, J ═ 4.8Hz, 1H), 7.66(d, J ═ 6.4Hz, 1H), 7.37(dd, J ═ 1.6, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.31(dd, J ═ 2.4, 12.4Hz, 1H), 6.80(t, J ═ 6.8Hz, 1H), 6.09(s, 1H), 3.90-3.86(m, 4H), 3.21-3.18(m, 4H), 2.35(s, 3H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₃FN₅O₃S is calculated as [ M + H⁺468.2, found 468.2.

Example 16: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) A stirred solution of (ethoxymethylene) malononitrile (0.38g, 3.2mmol) and quinolin-5-yl-hydrazine (prepared from example 4 step a, 0.5g, 3.2mmol) in ethanol (5mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the crude solid was used without further purification (0.70g, 3.0mmol, 95%).

b) A solution of the crude product 5-amino-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (0.40g, 1.7mmol) in concentrated hydrochloric acid (5mL) was heated at 100 ℃ for 15 hours while stirring. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and basified with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. The aqueous layer was extracted with 2: 1 chloroform/iPrOH and the organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used without further purification (0.36g, 1.7mmol, 100%).

c) A stirred mixture of the crude product 1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.080g, 0.38mmol), 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.13g, 0.57mmol) and DMAP (0.068g, 0.57mmol) in pyridine (1.5mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate was added to the reaction mixture, which was extracted with 2: 1 chloroform/iPrOH. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.010g, 0.025mmol, 7%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)8.87(dd, J ═ 2.0, 4.4Hz, 1H), 8.13(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.76(dd, J ═ 7.2, 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.69(d, J ═ 2.4Hz, 1H), 7.65-7.62(m, 1H), 7.52-7.42(m, 3H), 7.51(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.43(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.28(dd, J ═ 1.2, 7.2Hz, 1H), 6.25(s, 1H), 1.35(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₂H₂₃N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺407.2, found 407.0.

Example 17: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (3-ethyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) A solution of 3-oxopentanenitrile (0.74g, 7.6mmol) and quinolin-5-yl-hydrazine (prepared from example 4 step a, 1.0g, 6.3mmol) in ethanol (5mL) is heated at 80 ℃ for 3 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, 20% aqueous sodium hydroxide (1.5mL) was added to the reaction mixture, followed by heating at 70 ℃ for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was dissolved in 1: 1 dichloromethane/methanol (40mL) and the phases separated. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) And filtered through a pad of celite. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and the crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂1-10% methanol/dichloromethane with 10% ammonium hydroxide) to give the desired product (0.83g, 3.5mmol, 55%).

b) While stirring, a mixture of 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.064g, 0.27mmol) and 3-ethyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.05g, 0.21mmol) in pyridine (0.5mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours, after cooling to room temperature, dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washing with 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), and the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) The crude residue was dissolved in methanol (3mL) and 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide (1.0mL, 1.0mmol), the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, the solvent was removed in vacuo, the resulting residue was partitioned between dichloromethane (3mL) and 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (3mL), the phases were separated, the aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), and the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.053g，0.12mmol，58％)。¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)9.00(d, J ═ 3.6Hz, 1H), 8.23(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 8.19(d, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.79(dd, J ═ 8.0, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.69-7.65(m, 2H), 7.59(dd, J ═ 4.4, 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.51-7.47(m, 3H), 6.05(s, 1H), 2.69(q, J ═ 7.6Hz, 2H), 1.37(s, 9H), 1.29(t, J ═ 7.6Hz, 3H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₄H₂₇N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺435.2, found 435.2.

Example 18: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (3-cyclopropyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) A solution of 3-cyclopropyl-3-oxopropanenitrile (0.74g, 7.6mmol) and quinolin-5-yl-hydrazine (prepared from step a, example 4, 1.0g, 6.3mmol) in ethanol (5mL) was heated at 80 deg.C for 3 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, 20% aqueous sodium hydroxide (1.5mL) was added to the reaction mixture and heated at 70 ℃ for 3 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was dissolved in 1: 1 dichloromethane/methanol (40mL) and the phases separated. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) And filtered through a pad of celite. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and the crude material was purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂1-10% methanol/dichloromethane with 10% ammonium hydroxide) to give the desired product (0.80g, 3.2mmol, 50%).

b) While stirring, a mixture of 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.061g, 0.26mmol) and 3-cyclopropyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.05g, 0.20mmol) in pyridine (1mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours, after cooling to room temperature, dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washing with 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), and the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) The resulting crude residue was dissolved in methanol (3mL) and 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide (1.0mL, 1.0mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, the resulting residue was partitioned between dichloromethane (3mL) and 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (3mL), the phases were separated, the aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.031g, 0.070mmol, 35%).¹H NMR(400MHz、CDCl₃)8.84(d, J ═ 4.0Hz, 1H), 8.08(d, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.55 to 7.51(m, 5H), 7.41(s, 1H), 7.39(s, 1H), 6.94(d, J ═ 7.2Hz, 1H), 6.12(s, 1H), 1.99 to 1.93(m, 1H), 1.36(s, 9H), 1.01 to 0.92(m, 2H), 0.84 to 0.79(m, 2H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₅H₂₇N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺447.2, found 447.2.

Example 19: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (3- (cyanomethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) To a stirred solution of quinolin-5-yl-hydrazine (prepared from example 4 step a, 0.62g, 3.9mmol) in ethanol (4mL) was added malononitrile (0.51g, 7.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride (1.5mL) was added to the reaction mixture and extracted with 2: 1 chloroform/iPrOH. The organic layer was washed with brine and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂0-5% methanol in dichloromethane) to give the desired product as a pale brown solid (0.60g, 2.2mmol, 56%).

b) A solution of 5-amino-3- (cyanomethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (0.60g, 2.2mmol) in concentrated hydrochloric acid (50mL) was heated at 105 ℃ for 22H while stirring. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and the solution was concentrated in vacuo. Methanol (50mL) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.5mL) were added to the resulting residue and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was basified with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. The aqueous layer was extracted with 2: 1 chloroform/iPrOH and the organic layer was extracted with saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used without further purification (0.40g, 1.7mmol, 65%).

c) While stirring, a mixture of the crude product methyl 2- (5-amino-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-3-yl) acetate (0.55g, 2.0mmol), 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.30g, 1.3mmol), and DMAP (0.12g, 1.0mmol) in pyridine (5mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 2 hours after cooling to room temperature dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washing with 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to yield a white solid (0.075g, 0.16mmol, 12%).

d) To a suspension of methyl 2- (5- (4-tert-butylphenyl-sulfonamido) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-3-yl) acetate (0.066g, 0.14mmol) in THF (1mL) and methanol (1mL) was added a solution of lithium hydroxide (0.05g, 2.1mmol) in deionized water (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and the resulting solution was adjusted to pH about 5 with 5N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted with 2: 1 chloroform/iPrOH and the organic layer was washed with brine and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was used without further purification (0.065g, 0.14mmol, 100%).

e) To the crude product, 2- (5- (4-tert-butylphenyl-sulfonamido) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-3-yl) acetic acid (0.065g, 0.1 g)4mmol) and N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyl-O- (7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl) urea hexafluorophosphate(HATU, 0.11g, 0.28mmol) to a stirred solution in DMF (1.5mL) was added a solution of saturated ammonia in dichloromethane (0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and brine was added. The aqueous layer was extracted with 2: 1 chloroform/iPrOH and the organic layer was washed with brine and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was used without further purification (0.060g, 0.14mmol, 92%).

f) The crude product, 2- (5- (4-tert-butylphenyl-sulfonamido) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-3-yl) acetamide (0.03g, 0.07mmol), and phosphorus (V) oxychloride (POCl)₃0.5mL, 5.4mmol) was heated at 100 deg.C for 30 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. A saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate was added to the resulting residue, followed by extraction with 2: 1 chloroform/iPrOH. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.006g, 0.013mmol, 19%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)8.86(dd, J ═ 2.0, 4.4Hz, 1H), 8.12(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.77(dd, J ═ 7.2, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.68(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.55-7.53(m, 2H), 7.45-7.42(m, 3H), 7.34(dd, J ═ 1.2, 7.2Hz, 1H), 6.21(s, 1H), 3.88(s, 2H), 1.35(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₄H₂₄N₅O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺446.2, actually measured 446.3.

Example 20: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (1- (quinolin-5-yl) -3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) A stirred solution of 4, 4, 4-trifluoro-3-oxobutanenitrile (0.40g, 2.9mmol) and quinolin-5-yl-hydrazine (prepared from example 4 step a, 0.46g, 2.9mmol) in ethanol (3mL) was heated at microwave 140 ℃ for 40 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue obtained is purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂5-60% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford the desired product as a pale brown solid (0.087g, 0.31mmol, 11%).

b) While stirring, a mixture of 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.067g, 0.29mmol) and 1- (quinolin-5-yl) -3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.011g, 0.04mmol) in pyridine (0.5mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 2 hours after cooling to room temperature dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture, washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydrogen sulfate (1mL), the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) The crude residue was dissolved in methanol (3mL) and 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide (1.0mL, 1.0mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 1h the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and partitioned between dichloromethane (3mL) and 1M aqueous sodium bisulfate (3mL), the phases were separated, the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.006g, 0.013mmol, 32%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CDCl₃)8.78(dd, J ═ 1.6, 4.4Hz, 1H), 8.07(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.66(s, 1H), 7.63(s, 1H), 7.55(t, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.45(s, 1H), 7.48(s, 1H), 7.43(d, J ═ 6.0Hz, 1H), 7.27-7.24(m, 1H), 7.09(d, J ═ 6.0Hz, 1H), 6.70(s, 1H), 1.38(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₂F₃N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺475.2, found 475.3.

Example 21: synthesis of 4-isopropoxy-N- (1- (quinolin-5-yl) -3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

A mixture of 4-isopropoxybenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.080g, 0.35mmol) and 1- (quinolin-5-yl) -3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 21 step a, 0.032g, 0.11mmol) in pyridine (0.5mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 4 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the crude residue was subjected to reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.025g, 0.052mmol, 47%).¹H NMR(400MHz，DMSO-d₆)8.94(dd, J ═ 1.6, 4.0Hz, 1H), 8.19(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.82(t, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.46(m, 2H), 7.40(s, 1H), 7.38(s, 1H), 7.35(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.83(s, 1H), 6.81(s, 1H), 6.64(s, 1H), 4.63(pen, J ═ 6.0Hz, 1H), 1.28(d, J ═ 6.0Hz, 6H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₇H₂₀F₃N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺477.2, found 477.3.

Example 22: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (3- (1, 1-difluoroethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) To a stirred solution of potassium tert-butoxide (KOtBu, 1.7M solution in THF, 32mL, 54.4mmol) in THF (10mL) was added ethyl 2, 2-difluoropropionate (5.0g, 36.2mmol) and acetonitrile (2.8mL, 54.3mmol) at 0 deg.C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. Adding saturated aqueous solution of potassium hydrogen sulfate to the reaction mixtureIn (1), the pH was adjusted to below 2. the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 × 50mL), and the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting brown crude oil was used without further purification (3.2g, 24.1mmol, 66%).

b) To a stirred solution of 5-hydrazinoquinoline (prepared from example 4 step a, 0.90g, 5.6mmol) in ethanol (10mL) was added the crude product 4, 4-difluoro-3-oxovaleronitrile (0.75g, 5.6mmol) and heated at 85 ℃ for 6 h. After cooling to room temperature, ethyl acetate was added to the reaction mixture, washed with 5M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and brine. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂50-100% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.20g, 0.73mmol, 13%).

c) While stirring, a mixture of 4-tert-butyl-phenyl-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.080g, 0.34mmol), 3- (1, 1-difluoroethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.045g, 0.16mmol), and DMAP (0.020g, 0.16mmol) in pyridine (1mL) was heated at 85 ℃ for 5 hours after cooling to room temperature, 1M aqueous lithium hydroxide (1mL) and 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide (1mL) were added to the reaction mixture, the resulting mixture was heated at 75 ℃ for 1.5 hours after cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was neutralized with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 × 10mL), the combined organic layers were washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, dried (Na-8910 mL)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.040g, 0.085mmol, 53%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)10.70(s, 1H), 8.88(dd, J ═ 1.6, 4.4Hz, 1H), 8.14(dd, J ═ 1.2, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.77(dd, J ═ 7.2, 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.64-7.61(m, 2H), 7.52-7.42(m, 5H), 7.31(dd, J ═ 1.2, 7.2Hz, 1H), 1.96(t, J ═ 15.4Hz, 3H), 1.35(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₄H₂₅F₂N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺471.2, found 471.2.

Example 23: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (3- (difluoromethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) To a stirred solution of KOtBu (1.0M solution in THF, 121mL, 121mmol) was added ethyl 2, 2-difluoroacetate (10.0g, 80.6mmol) and acetonitrile (6.3mL, 121mmol) at 0 deg.C, the reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours, potassium bisulfate saturated aqueous solution was added to the reaction mixture, the pH was adjusted to less than 2, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 × 50mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The brown crude oil was used without further purification (9.0g, 75mmol, 94%).

b) A stirred solution of the crude product 4, 4-difluoro-3-oxobutanenitrile (0.65g, 4.0mmol) and 5-hydrazinoquinoline (prepared from example 4 step a, 0.50g, 4.2mmol) in ethanol (8mL) was heated at 85 ℃ for 6 h. After cooling to room temperature, ethyl acetate was added to the reaction mixture, which was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate and brine. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂2-10% methanol/ethyl acetate) to give the desired product (0.095g, 0.36mmol, 9%).

c) A mixture of 4-tert-butyl-phenyl-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.070g, 0.30mmol), 3- (difluoromethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.045g, 0.17mmol) and DMAP (0.020g, 0.17mmol) in pyridine (2mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 5 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was in turn purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂5% methanol/ethyl acetate) and reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.040g, 0.085mmol, 53%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)8.88(dd, J ═ 2.0, 4.0Hz, 1H), 8.15(d, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.77(dd, J ═ 7.2, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.63(dd, J ═ 0.8, 1.6, 1.2, 7.2Hz, 1H), 7.53-7.43(m, 5H), 7.31(dd, J ═ 0.8, 7.2Hz, 1H), 6.71(t, J ═ 54.8Hz, 1H), 6.42(s, 1H), 1.35(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₃F₂N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺457.2, found 457.2.

Example 24: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (2- (isoquinolin-5-yl) -2, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydrocyclopenta [ c ] pyrazol-3-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) To a round bottom flask equipped with a stir bar charged with isoquinolin-5-amine (15.4g, 10.0mmol) was slowly added concentrated hydrochloric acid (90 mL). The reaction slurry was stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes and a small amount of NaNO in deionized water was added dropwise₂(7.3g, 105.8mmol) of the solution. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes and then at room temperature for 30 minutes to form a dark red solution. The reaction mixture was cooled again to 0 ℃ and SnCl dissolved in a very small amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added dropwise₂·2H₂O (47.4, 210.0mmol) solution. The thick brown mixture was stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes and then at room temperature for 4 hours. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with cold ethanol (200 mL). The yellow solid was suspended in 2: 1CHCl₃in/iPrOH (300mL), the solution was adjusted to a pH of about 12-14 with 2M aqueous sodium hydroxide (300 mL). The phases were separated and the aqueous layer was washed with CHCl₃Further extraction of/iPrOH (2 × 300 mL.) the combined organic layers were extracted with anhydrous magnesium sulfate (MgSO 300)₄) Dried, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was used without further purification (12.7g, 79.8mmol, 75%).

b) Will be coarseA stirred suspension of the product 5-hydrazinoisoquinoline (0.45g, 2.2mmol) and 2-oxocyclopentanecarbonitrile (prepared as Fleming et al, J.org.chem., 2007, 72, 1431-one 1436, 0.24g, 2.2mmol) in ethanol (10mL) was heated at 70 ℃ for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a 3M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (0.5mL) was added to the reaction mixture, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂5-10% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.48g, 1.6mmol, 73%).

c) A mixture of 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.075g, 0.32mmol) and 2- (isoquinolin-5-yl) -2, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydrocyclopentapyrazol-3-amine (0.050g, 0.20mmol) in pyridine (1mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was added to 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid using 2: 1CH₂Cl₂extract/iPrOH (2 × 10mL) the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting material was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.025g, 0.056mmol, 28%).¹H NMR(400MHz，DMSO-d₆)10.10(s, 1H), 9.35(s, 1H), 8.42(d, J ═ 6.0Hz, 1H), 8.17(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.68(t, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.49(d, J ═ 7.2Hz, 1H), 7.41-7.37(m, 3H), 7.18(d, J ═ 4.8Hz, 1H), 2.64(t, J ═ 7.2Hz, 2H), 2.21(pen, J ═ 7.2Hz, 2H), 2.06(t, J ═ 7.5Hz, 2H), 1.25(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₅H₂₇N₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺447.2, found 447.1.

Example 25: synthesis of N- (1- (1-aminoisoquinolin-5-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) -4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonamide

a) A stirred suspension of 5-hydrazinoisoquinoline (prepared from example 25 step a, 0.60g, 3.8mmol) and 3-oxobutyronitrile (0.31g, 3.8mmol) in ethanol (3mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was placed in vacuo and the resulting crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂0-20% methanol/ethyl acetate) to give the desired product (0.067g, 2.8mmol, 73%).

b) To a solution of 1- (isoquinolin-5-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.45g, 2.0mmol) in dichloromethane (10mL) was added DMAP (0.30g, 2.5mmol) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (Boc)₂O, 1.2g, 5.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours, and ethyl acetate was added. The resulting solution was washed with 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, 2N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and brine. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude product (SiO)₂20-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.76g, 1.8mmol, 90%).

c) To a stirred solution of di-tert-butyl 1- (isoquinolin-5-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yliminodicarbonate (0.15g, 0.35mmol) in dichloromethane (10mL) was added 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA, 0.2g, 0.90mmol) at 0 ℃. The reaction mixture was slowly warmed to room temperature and stirred at the same temperature for 4 hours. A solution of 15% iPrOH in dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude product (SiO)₂5-10% methanol in dichloromethane) to give the desired product (0.12g, 0.27mmol, 78%).

d) To a stirred mixture of 5- (5- (bis (tert-butoxycarbonyl) amino) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) isoquinoline 2-oxide (0.12g, 0.27mmol) in toluene (3mL) and dichloromethane (3mL) at 0 deg.C were added tert-butylamine (0.3mL, 2.86mmol) and p-toluenesulfonic anhydride (Ts) in three portions₂O, 0.30g, 0.93 mmol). The reaction was allowed to mix over 2 hoursThe mixture was slowly warmed to room temperature and ethyl acetate was added. The organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid and brine. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting crude product was then dissolved in dichloromethane (5mL) and a solution of hydrochloric acid in p-dioxane (4.0N solution in p-dioxane, 5.0mL, 20mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and ethyl acetate was added. The organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was used without further purification (0.026g, 0.090mmol, 33%).

e) A mixture of the crude product 5- (5-amino-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) -N-tert-butylisoquinolin-1-amine (0.055g, 0.30mmol), 4-acetylbenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.090g, 0.39mmol) and DMAP (0.037g, 0.30mmol) in pyridine (2mL) was heated at 85 ℃ for 1 hour while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, 1M aqueous lithium hydroxide (1mL) and 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide (1mL) were added to the reaction mixture. The resulting mixture was heated at 75 ℃ for 30 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was neutralized with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was used directly in the next step.

f) The crude residue was dissolved in TFA (8mL) and heated at 80 ℃ for 1.5 hours while stirring. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was then dissolved in 15% methanol/dichloromethane and washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.035g, 0.080mmol, 42% for 2 steps).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)8.23(dd，J＝0.8，8.8Hz，1H)，7.60-7.54(m，3H)，7.50-7.42(m，4H)，6.31(dd，J＝0.8，6.4Hz，1H)，5.93(s，1H)，2.22(s, 3H), 1.36(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₆N₅O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺436.2, found 436.1.

Example 26: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-3-fluoro-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) To a stirred suspension of nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate (8.4g, 71.9mmol) in dichloromethane was added in small portions (prepared as Laali et al, J.Fluorine chem., 2001, 107, 31-34, 12.0g, 61.8mmol) at 0 ℃ over 5 minutes. After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ℃ for 1 hour and slowly warmed to room temperature over 1 hour to form a fine suspension. To this suspension was slowly added tetrafluoroboric acid 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazole(Ionic liquid, 50g, 252.6mmol) and the resulting mixture was heated at 75 ℃ for 2 hours. Organic volatiles were removed by distillation through a Dean-Stark condenser. After allowing the mixture to cool to room temperature, diisopropylethylamine (iPr) was added₂NEt, 10mL) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred for 10 minutes. Ether (300mL) was added to the reaction mixture, washed with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid and brine, and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was used without further purification (10.0g, 50.8mmol, 82%).

b) A flask containing the crude product 1-tert-butyl-2-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene (1.0g, 5.1mmol) and Pd/C (10% wt, 0.040g) in methanol (60mL) was hydrogenated at 60psi for 2 hours on a Parr shaker. The reaction mixture was diluted with methanol and filtered through a pad of celite. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue was used without further purification (0.80g, 4.8mmol, 94%).

c) Sulfur dioxide gas (SO) was passed into a flask containing glacial acetic acid (2mL) at 0 deg.C₂) For 30 minutes. Copper (I) chloride (CuCl, 0.10g, 1.0mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 min to give a blue-green solution. To a solution of the crude product 4-tert-butyl-3-fluoroaniline (0.20g, 1.2mmol) in concentrated hydrochloric acid (3mL) at-15 deg.C in a separate flask was added NaNO₂(0.12g, 1.7mmol) in deionized water (1 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. Slowly adding the diazo solution into the prepared copper solution, and introducing SO into the obtained solution₂For 5 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred at-15 ℃ for 1 hour and warmed to 0 ℃ over 1 hour. Diethyl ether was then added to the reaction mixture and the contents poured onto ice. The resulting mixture was extracted with ether, the organic layer was further washed with ice water and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the dark crude oil (SiO)₂1-3% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.075g, 0.30mmol, 25%).

d) A mixture of 4-tert-butyl-3-fluorobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.075g, 0.30mmol), 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.050g, 0.22mmol), and DMAP (0.027g, 0.22mmol) in pyridine (1mL) was heated at 85 ℃ for 2.5 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, 1M aqueous lithium hydroxide (1mL) and 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide (1mL) were added to the reaction mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours and neutralized with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was subjected to reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.006g, 0.014mmol, 6%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)8.83(dd，J＝1.6，4.4Hz，1H)，8.08(dd，J＝1.2，8.4Hz，1H)，7.79(dd，J＝7.2，8.4Hz，1H)，7.69(ddd，J＝0.8，1.6，7.6Hz，1H)，7.44(dd，J＝1.2，7.2Hz, 1H), 7.40-7.31(m, 3H), 7.20(dd, J ═ 1.6, 7.2Hz, 1H), 5.88(s, 1H), 2.21(s, 3H), 1.39(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₄FN₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺439.2, found 439.2.

Example 27: synthesis of N- (1- (2-aminoquinolin-5-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) -4-tert-butyl-3-fluorobenzenesulfonamide

a) To a solution of 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 4.0g, 17.9mmol) in dichloromethane (50mL) was added DMAP (2.2g, 17.9mmol) and Boc₂O (7.8g, 35.9 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, and ethyl acetate was added. The organic layer was washed with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and brine. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo and the crude product was used without further purification (3.5g, 8.3mmol, 46%).

b) To a stirred solution of the crude product di-tert-butyl 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yliminodicarbonate (3.5g, 8.3mmol) in dichloromethane (50mL) was slowly added mCPBA (4.0g, 17.8mmol) at 0 ℃. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm slowly to room temperature and stirred for 2 hours. A solution of 15% iPrOH in dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂2-5% methanol/dichloromethane) to give the desired product (3.0g, 6.8mmol, 82%).

c) To a stirred mixture of 5- (5- (bis (tert-butoxycarbonyl) amino) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) quinoline 1-oxide (3.0g, 6.8mmol) in toluene (40mL) and dichloromethane (40mL) at 0 deg.C was divided two timesTert-butylamine (5.5mL, 52.3mmol) and Ts were added in portions₂O (5.0g, 15.3 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm slowly to room temperature over 2 hours and ethyl acetate was added. The organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid and brine. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was then dissolved in dichloromethane (10mL) and a solution of hydrochloric acid in p-dioxane (4.0N solution in p-dioxane, 20mL, 80mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and ethyl acetate was added. The organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was used without further purification (0.45g, 1.52mmol, 22%)

d) A mixture of the crude product 5- (5-amino-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) -N-tert-butylquinolin-2-amine (0.075g, 0.25mmol), 4-tert-butyl-3-fluorobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (prepared from example 27 step c, 0.11g, 0.44mmol), and DMAP (0.031g, 0.25mmol) in pyridine (2mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 2 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, 1M aqueous lithium hydroxide (1mL) and 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide (1mL) were added to the reaction mixture and heated at 70 ℃ for 30 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was neutralized with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was used directly in the next step.

e) The crude residue was dissolved in TFA (6mL) and heated at 75 ℃ for 2 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was then dissolved in 10% methanol/dichloromethane and washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.011g, 0.024mmol, 10% for 2 steps).¹H NMR(400MHz，DMSO-d₆)11.01(br s，1H)，7.47(m, 2H), 7.31(d, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.27(d, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.25(dd, J ═ 2.0, 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.16(dd, J ═ 2.0, 8.0Hz, 1H), 6.91(m, 3H), 5.86(s, 1H), 2.14(s, 3H), 1.32(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₅FN₅O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺454.2, found 454.1.

Example 28: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-3-chloro-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) To a stirred solution of quinolin-5-yl-hydrazine (prepared as Laali et al, J. fluorine chem., 2001, 107, 31-34, 0.25g, 1.29mmol) in concentrated hydrochloric acid (1.3mL) at 0 deg.C was added NaNO₂(0.13g, 1.9mmol) in deionized water (0.64 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes and heated at 70 ℃ for 30 minutes. Copper (II) chloride (0.22g, 1.6mmol) was added to the hot mixture and stirred at 70 ℃ for 30 min. After allowing the reaction mixture to cool to room temperature, a precipitate formed and the solid was collected by filtration. The solid was rinsed with cold deionized water and dried in vacuo to give the desired product (0.13g, 0.61mmol, 47%).

b) Concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.25mL) was slowly added to a solution of 1-tert-butyl-2-chloro-4-nitrobenzene (0.13g, 0.61mmol) and iron powder (0.17g, 3.0mmol) in ethanol (1.2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and the slurry was diluted with ethanol. The resulting mixture was then filtered through a pad of celite and rinsed with additional ethanol (30 mL). Concentrating the filtrate in vacuo, and subjecting the resulting crude material to flash chromatography (SiO)₂0-80% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.10g, 0.55mmol, 90%).

c) Sulfur dioxide gas (SO) was bubbled into glacial acetic acid solution (2mL) at 0 deg.C₂) For 30 minutes. Copper (II) chloride (0.073g, 0.54 mm)ol) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred at 0 ℃ for a further 30 minutes. To another flask containing concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.5mL) containing 4-tert-butyl-3-chloroaniline (0.10g, 0.54mmol) at 0 deg.C was added NaNO while stirring₂(0.06g, 0.87mmol) in deionized water (0.1 mL.) the diazo solution was slowly added to the prepared copper solution and stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes, ether was added to the reaction mixture, the phases were separated, the aqueous layer was further extracted with ethyl acetate (2 × 10mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂0-20% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford the desired product (0.061g, 0.23mmol, 42%).

d) A mixture of 4-tert-butyl-3-chlorobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.050g, 0.19mmol) and 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.042g, 0.095mmol) in pyridine (0.2mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 1 hour while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂20% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.066g, 0.16mmol, 83%).¹H NMR(400MHz，DMSO-d₆)8.86(dd, J ═ 2.0, 4.0Hz, 1H), 7.98(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.76(t, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.70(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.44(s, 3H), 7.40(d, J ═ 7.6Hz, 1H), 7.34(dd, J ═ 4.0, 8.0Hz, 1H), 5.48(s, 1H), 2.02(s, 3H), 1.44(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₄ClN₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺455.2, found 455.2.

Example 29: synthesis of 3-fluoro-4-isopropoxy-N- (3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) 2-fluoro-4-nitrophenol (1.6g, 10.2mmol) and potassium carbonate (K)₂CO₃2.5g, 18.1mmol) in DMF (10mL) was stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes. 2-iodopropane (iPrI, 2mL, 20.0mmol) was then added to the reaction and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and then heated at 45 ℃ for 6 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and diethyl ether was added. The mixture was washed with deionized water and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was used without further purification (2.0g, 10.1mmol, 99%).

b) A flask containing the crude product 2-fluoro-1-isopropoxy-4-nitrobenzene (2.0g, 10.1mmol) and Pd/C (10% by weight, 0.50g) in methanol (100mL) was hydrogenated at 35psi for 1 hour on a Parr shaker. The reaction mixture was diluted with methanol and filtered through a pad of celite. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue was used without further purification (1.7g, 10.1mmol, 100%).

c) SO was passed into a glacial acetic acid solution (40mL)₂. After 15 minutes, copper (I) chloride (0.50g, 5.1mmol) was added and the SO addition was continued₂Gas until the solution remained blue-green. To another flask containing the crude product 3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyaniline (1.5g, 8.9 mmol)/1: 1 glacial acetic acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid (10mL) at-15 deg.C was added NaNO₂(0.75g, 10.8mmol) in deionized water (3mL) and stirred at-15 deg.C for 30 minutes then the diazo solution was slowly added to the prepared copper solution and stirred at-15 deg.C for 30 minutes diethyl ether (30mL) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred at-15 deg.C for 1 hour, the reaction mixture was poured into ice, additional diethyl ether (30mL) was added, the phases were separated, the aqueous layer was further extracted with ethyl acetate (2 × 10mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude residue (SiO)₂5-10% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.20g, 0.79mmol, 9%).

d) While stirring, 3-fluoro-4-isopropoxybenzene-1-sulfonylA mixture of chloro (0.050g, 0.19mmol), 3-methyl-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (prepared from example 4 step b, 0.025g, 0.11mmol) and DMAP (0.020g, 0.16mmol) in pyridine (2mL) was heated at 85 ℃ for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the crude residue was subjected to reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.015g, 0.034mmol, 31%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)8.85(d, J ═ 4.4Hz, 1H), 8.11(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.80(t, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.62(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.45-7.40(m, 2H), 7.25(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.12(dd, J ═ 2.4, 10.4Hz, 1H), 6.92(t, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.10(s, 1H), 4.63(hept, J ═ 6.4Hz, 1H), 2.27(s, 3H), 1.37(d, J ═ 6.4Hz, 6H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₂H₂₂FN₄O₃S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺441.2, found 441.2.

Example 30: synthesis of N- (1- (8-aminoquinolin-5-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) -4-tert-butyl-3-fluorobenzenesulfonamide

a) To a stirred solution of 5-amino-8-bromoquinoline (1.1g, 5.0mmol) in 6N aqueous hydrochloric acid (10mL) at 0 deg.C was slowly added solid NaNO₂(1.0g, 14.5mmol) while maintaining the internal temperature below 0 ℃. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ℃ for 1 hour, then SnCl dissolved in 6N aqueous hydrochloric acid (3mL) was added dropwise₂·2H₂O (3.2g, 12.5mmol) solution. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and the solution was neutralized to pH about 7 with 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide. The mixture was diluted with 2: 1CHCl₃iPrOH extraction, drying of the organic layer (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product obtained is purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford the desired compound as a yellow solid(0.60g，2.6mmol，51％)。

b) A stirred suspension of 8-bromo-5-hydrazinoquinoline (2.0g, 8.4mmol) and 3-oxo-butyronitrile (0.70g, 8.4mmol) in ethanol (20mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 3 h. After cooling to room temperature, a 5M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1mL) was added to the reaction mixture and heated at 80 ℃ for 1 hour. The resulting mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was dissolved in 1: 1 dichloromethane/methanol (40mL) and the phases separated. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product obtained is purified by flash chromatography (SiO)₂50-100% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product as a brown colored product (1.1g, 3.6mmol, 43%).

c) A stirred mixture of 4-tert-butyl-3-fluorobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (prepared from example 27 step c, 1.1g, 4.2mmol) and 1- (8-bromoquinolin-5-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.97g, 3.2mmol) in pyridine (5mL) was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude solid was reconstituted with hot ethanol (5mL) and the resulting solid was collected by filtration to give the desired compound (0.10g, 0.19mmol, 62%).

d) To a stirred solution of N- (1- (8-bromoquinolin-5-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) -4-tert-butyl-3-fluorobenzenesulfonamide (0.052g, 0.10mmol) in ammonium hydroxide (1mL) and DMF (1mL) was added 2, 4-pentanedione (0.006g, 0.06mmol), cesium carbonate (Cs)₂CO₃0.064g, 0.20mmol) and copper (I) iodide (CuI (0.0095 g, 0.050 mmol). the reaction mixture was heated at microwave 120 ℃ for 2 hours after cooling to room temperature, ethyl acetate (100mL) was added to the reaction mixture, washed with deionized water (20mL) and brine (2 × 20 mL). the organic layer was dried (Na, 0.064g, 0.20mmol)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a brown solid (0.032g, 0.070mmol, 70%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)8.80(d，J＝3.2Hz，1H)，7.53(dd，J＝1.2，8.4Hz，1H)，7.45(dd，J＝4.0，8.4Hz, 1H), 7.40(t, J ═ 8.0Hz, 1H), 7.32(dd, J ═ 2.0, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.22(dd, J ═ 2.0, 12.0Hz, 1H), 7.08(s, 2H), 6.12(s, 1H), 2.28(s, 3H), 1.41(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₅FN₅O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺454.2, found 454.2.

Example 31: synthesis of N- (1- (2-aminoquinolin-5-yl) -3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) -4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonamide

a) A mixture of the crude product 5- (5-amino-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) -N-tert-butylquinolin-2-amine (prepared from example 28, step c, 0.090g, 0.31mmol), 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.15g, 0.65mmol) and DMAP (0.022g, 0.18mmol) in pyridine (3mL) was heated at 85 ℃ for 2 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, 1M aqueous lithium hydroxide (1mL) and 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide (1mL) were added to the reaction mixture and heated at 75 ℃ for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was neutralized with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was used directly in the next step.

b) The crude residue was dissolved in TFA (8mL) and heated at 85 ℃ for 6 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was then suspended in a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to give the title compound as a white solid (0.021g, 0.048mmol, 2 steps 16%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)7.55(d，J＝6.4Hz，1H)，7.55-7.54(m, 2H), 7.49(dd, J ═ 7.2, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.43(d, J ═ 2.0Hz, 1H), 7.41(s, 1H), 7.28(d, J ═ 9.2Hz, 1H), 6.90(d, J ═ 7.2Hz, 1H), 6.71(d, J ═ 9.2Hz, 1H), 5.93(s, 1H), 2.21(s, 3H), 1.35(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₆N₅O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺436.2, found 436.3.

Example 32: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-N- (3- (fluoromethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

a) To a solution of diethyl oxalate (25.3g, 173mmol) in acetonitrile (100mL) was added potassium tert-butoxide (19.5g, 173mmol) in three portions. The orange suspension was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 h and the solid was collected by filtration to give the desired product as a yellow powder (24.3g, 135.8mmol, 78%).

b) To a stirred suspension of the crude product 5-hydrazinoisoquinoline (prepared from example 25 step a, 6.0g, 37.7mmol) and potassium 1-cyano-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-en-2-olate (8.1g, 45.2mmol) in ethanol (36mL) was added 6N aqueous hydrochloric acid (7.7mL, 45.2mmol) and deionized water (10 mL). The reaction mixture was heated at 90 ℃ for 5 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue was extracted with 2: 1 chloroform/iPrOH. The organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate, and the organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting solid was suspended in dichloromethane/diethyl ether and the yellow solid was collected by filtration to give the desired product (3.14g, 11.1mmol, 30%).

c) To a solution of ethyl 5-amino-1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate (0.25g, 0.89mmol) in dichloromethane (5mL) was added DMAP (0.15g, 1.2mmol) and Boc₂O (0.5g, 2.3 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours, and then, b was addedAnd (4) ethyl ester. The resulting solution was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and brine. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography of the crude product (SiO)₂20-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.36g, 0.75mmol, 84%).

d) To a solution of ethyl 5- (bis (tert-butoxycarbonyl) amino) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate (0.20g, 0.41mmol) in THF (6mL) at 0 deg.C was added a solution of lithium aluminum hydride (LAH, 2.0M solution in THF, 0.48mL, 0.96 mmol). the reaction mixture was stirred at 0 deg.C for 5 minutes, and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium potassium tartrate was added to the reaction mixture, the resulting solution was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 × 5mL), the combined organic layers were dried (Na₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the mono-protected crude product (0.14g, 0.41mmol, 100%).

e) To a stirred solution of tert-butyl 3- (hydroxymethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-ylcarbamate (0.20g, 0.59mmol) in dichloromethane (6mL) was added dropwise N, N-diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST, 0.15mL, 1.2mmol) at-45 deg.C, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0 deg.C for 15 minutes. The reaction mixture was then poured into ice and aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was added. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used without further purification (0.20g, 0.59mmol, 100%).

f) To a stirred solution of 3- (fluoromethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester (0.20g, 0.59mmol) in dichloromethane (5mL) and methanol (1mL) was added a solution of hydrochloric acid in p-dioxane (4N solution in p-dioxane, 10mL, 40 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and the organic volatiles were removed in vacuo. The resulting residue was dissolved in 2: 1 methyl chloride/iPrOH and washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used without further purification (0.14g, 0.59mmol,100％)。

g) a mixture of 4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.085g, 0.37mmol), 3- (fluoromethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.05g, 0.21mmol) and DMAP (0.025g, 0.19mmol) in pyridine (1.0mL) was heated at 85 ℃ for 2 hours while stirring. After cooling to room temperature, 1M aqueous lithium hydroxide (1mL) and 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide (1mL) were added to the reaction mixture and heated at 75 ℃ for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was neutralized with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.004g, 0.009mmol, 4%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)8.86(dd, J ═ 1.2, 4.0Hz, 1H), 8.12(d, J ═ 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.79(dd, J ═ 8.4, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.65(d, J ═ 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.56(s, 1H), 7.54(s, 1H), 7.43-7.37(m, 4H), 6.24(s, 1H), 5.34(s, 1H), 5.22(s, 1H), 1.35(s, 9H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₄FN₄O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺439.2, found 439.1.

Example 33: synthesis of 4-tert-butyl-3-fluoro-N- (3- (fluoromethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzenesulfonamide

A mixture of 4-tert-butyl-3-fluorobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (prepared from example 27 step c, 0.050g, 0.20mmol), 3- (fluoromethyl) -1- (quinolin-5-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.025g, 0.10mmol) and DMAP (0.012g, 0.095mmol) in pyridine (3mL) was heated at 85 ℃ for 2 hours with stirring. After cooling to room temperature, 1M aqueous lithium hydroxide (1mL) and 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide (1mL) were added to the reaction mixtureThe mixture was heated at 75 ℃ for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was neutralized with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate and dried (Na)₂SO₄) Filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile-H containing 0.1% TFA)₂O as eluent) to afford the title compound as a white solid (0.003g, 0.007mmol, 7%).¹H NMR(400MHz，CD₃OD)8.83(dd, J ═ 4.4, 11.6Hz, 1H), 8.10(dd, J ═ 1.2, 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.83(ddd, J ═ 1.6, 7.6, 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.63(dd, J ═ 0.8, 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.53(dd, J ═ 0.8, 7.6Hz, 1H), 7.41(dd, J ═ 1.6, 8.4Hz, 1H), 7.38-7.31(m, 2H), 7.24(dd, J ═ 1.6, 12.4Hz, 1H), 6.05(d, J ═ 1.6Hz, 1H), 5.28(s, 1H), 5.16(s, 1H), 1.40 (s, 1H), 1.8H (d, 8H); MS: (ES) m/z for C₂₃H₂₆N₅O₂S is calculated as [ M + H]⁺457.2, found 457.2.

Determining the efficacy of chemokine modulators

In vitro assay

Various assays can be employed to evaluate the compounds provided herein, including signal transduction assays, chemotaxis (migration assays), ligand binding assays, and other assays for cellular responses. Chemokine receptor signaling assays can be used to measure the ability of a compound (e.g., a potential CCR (9) antagonist) to block CCR (9) ligand (e.g., TECK) induced signaling. Blocking the signal transduction can be used to treat various diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, allergic disease, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, fibrotic disease, transplant rejection, immune-mediated food allergy, autoimmune disease, celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, thymoma, thymus cancer, leukemia, solid tumor, acute lymphocytic leukemia, melanoma, primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatitis, inflammatory liver disease or post-operative ileus. Chemotaxis assays can be used to measure the ability of a compound of interest (e.g., a potential chemokine antagonist) to block chemokine-mediated cell migration in vitro. The latter is thought to be similar to chemokine-induced cell migration in vivo. Ligand binding assays can also be used to measure the ability of compounds (e.g., potential CCR (9) antagonists) to block the interaction of TECK or other CCR (9) ligands with its receptor.

In a suitable assay, a chemokine protein (whether isolated or recombinant) or other ligand having at least one property, activity or functional characteristic of a mammalian chemokine protein is used. The property may be a binding property (to e.g. a ligand or inhibitor), a signal transduction activity (e.g. activation of mammalian G protein, induction of a rapid and transient increase in cytosolic free calcium ion concentration), a cellular response function (e.g. stimulation of chemotaxis or inflammatory mediator release from leukocytes), etc.

The assay can be a cell-based assay using cells stably or transiently transfected with a vector or expression cassette having a nucleic acid sequence encoding a chemokine receptor. Cell lines that naturally express chemokines or isolated primary cells may also be used. The cells are maintained under conditions suitable for expression of the receptor and contacted with the putative agent under conditions suitable for binding to occur. Binding can be detected using standard techniques. For example, the degree of binding can be determined relative to a suitable control (e.g., relative to background without putative agent or relative to known ligand). The optional family uses a cell fraction containing the receptor (e.g., a membrane fraction) instead of intact cells.

Detection of binding or complex formation may be detected directly or indirectly. For example, the putative agent may be labeled with a suitable label (e.g., fluorescent label, chemiluminescent label, isotopic label, enzymatic label, etc.), and binding may be determined by detecting the label. Specific and/or competitive binding can be assessed by competition or displacement studies using unlabeled agents or ligands (e.g., TECKs) as competitors.

The compounds of the invention can be evaluated using a binding inhibition assay. In these assays, compounds that are inhibitors of ligand binding are evaluated using, for example, TECK or small molecule ligands. The CCR (9) receptor is contacted with a ligand in the presence or absence of a test agent, and a measure of ligand binding is taken. A decrease in ligand binding indicates that binding is inhibited by the test agent. Binding inhibition assays can be performed using whole cells expressing the receptor or membrane fractions from cells expressing the receptor.

In addition, G protein-coupled receptors are bound, for example, by agonists, and signal transduction events can occur through the receptors. Thus, signal transduction assays may also be used to evaluate the compounds of the invention, and any suitable method may be employed to monitor agent-induced signal transduction function. For example, G protein activity, such as hydrolysis of GTP to GDP or later signal transduction events triggered by receptor binding, can be determined by known methods (see, e.g., PCT/US 97/15915; Neote et al, Cell, 72: 415425 (1993); Van Riper et al, J.Exp.Med., 177: 851-856(1993) and Dahinden et al, J.Exp.Med., 179: 751-756 (1994)). Calcium signaling assays also measure GPCR activity by measuring intracellular calcium concentration over time, before and after receptor/ligand binding, preferably in the presence or absence of a test agent. These assays can be used to determine the ability of a compound (e.g., a compound of the invention) to produce a receptor signaling mediator by binding to a target receptor. In addition, these assays can be used to determine the ability of a compound (e.g., a compound of the invention) to inhibit the production of a receptor signaling mediator by interfering with the binding between the target receptor and the ligand.

In a calcium signaling assay for determining the ability of a compound to interfere with the binding between a chemokine receptor and a known chemokine ligand, chemokine receptor-expressing cells (CCR (9) expressing cells such as the T cell line MOLT-4 cells) are first incubated with increasing concentrations of the compound of interest (e.g., a potential chemokine antagonist). The number of cells in a 96-well microtiter plate may be 10⁵-5x10⁶Individual cells/well. The concentration of test compound may range from 0 to 100. mu.M. Following incubation for a period of time (which may range from 5 to 60 minutes) according to the manufacturer's instructions, the treated cells are placed in a fluorescence Imaging Plate Reader，) (available from Molecular Devices Corp., Sunnyvale, Calif.). As a standard method for carrying out the measurement,systems are well known to those skilled in the art. The cells are then stimulated with the appropriate amount of chemokine ligand (TECK for CCR (9)) at a final concentration of 5-100nM, and signals of intracellular calcium increase (also known as calcium flux) are recorded. The efficacy of a compound as an inhibitor of binding between a chemokine and a ligand can be calculated as either IC50 (the concentration required to cause 50% inhibition of signal transduction) or IC90 (at 90% inhibition).

Chemotaxis assays can also be used to evaluate receptor function and to evaluate the compounds provided herein. These assays are based on functional migration of cells in vitro or in vivo induced by an agent and can be used to evaluate binding and/or effects on chemotaxis of ligands, inhibitors or agonists. Various chemotaxis assays are known in the art, and any suitable assay can be used to evaluate the compounds of the present invention. Examples of suitable assays include the methods described below: PCT/US 97/15915; springcr et al, WO 94/20142; berman et al, immunol. invest, 17: 625-677 (1988); and Kavanaugh et al, j.immunol., 146: 4149-4156(1991)).

96-well microchambers (known as ChemOTX) may be used^TM) In vitro cell chemotaxis assays (but not limited to this format) were performed. As a type of chemotaxis/cell migration instrument, ChemOTX^TMSystems are well known to those skilled in the art. In this assay, CCR (9) expressing cells (e.g., MOLT-4) are first incubated with increasing concentrations of a compound of interest (e.g., a potential CCR (9) antagonist). Typically, 5.5 ten thousand cells/well are used, but the amount can be 10³-10⁶Individual cells/well range. Chemokine ligands, such as the CCR (9) ligand, TECK, typically 50nM (but can range from 5-100 nM) are placed in the lower chamber and the migration instrument is installed. Then 20. mu.l of test compound treated cells were placed on the membraneThe above. Migration is allowed to occur at 37 ℃ for a period of time, typically 2.5 hours for CCR (9). At the end of the incubation, the number of cells migrating across the membrane into the lower chamber was then quantified. The efficacy of a compound as an inhibitor of chemokine-mediated cell migration can be calculated as IC₅₀(concentration required to reduce cell migration by 50%) or IC₉₀(for 90% inhibition).

In vivo efficacy model of human IBD

Infiltration of T cells into the small intestine and colon is associated with the pathogenesis of human inflammatory bowel diseases, including celiac disease, crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. Blocking the transport of the relevant T cell population to the intestine is considered to be an effective method of treating human IBD. CCR (9) is expressed in gut homing T cells in peripheral blood and is elevated in patients with small bowel inflammation (e.g., crohn's disease and celiac disease). The CCR (9) ligand TECK is expressed in the small intestine. This ligand-receptor pair is therefore thought to play a role in the development of IBD by mediating T cell migration to the gut. Several animal models exist and can be used to evaluate the ability of a compound of interest (e.g., a potential CCR (9) antagonist) to affect the T cell migration and/or condition or disease, which can allow prediction of the efficacy of the antagonist in humans.

Animal model with pathology resembling human ulcerative colitis

The murine model described by Panwala and coworkers (Panwala et al, J Immunol., 161 (10): 5733-44(1998)) involves genetic deletion of the murine multiple drug resistance gene (MDR). MDR knockout mice (MDR-/-) are susceptible to severe, spontaneous enteritis when maintained under specific pathogen-free facilities. The enteritis observed in MDR-/-mice has a similar pathology to human Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and is defined by infiltration of Th1 type T cells into the innate membrane of the large intestine.

Davidson et al, J Exp med., 184 (1): 241-51(1986) describe another murine model. In this model, the murine IL-10 gene is deleted and the mouse displays a defect in production of interleukin 10 (IL-10-/-). These mice develop chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that is predominant in the colon and have histopathological features similar to human IBD.

Another murine model of IBD is described in Powrie et al, int.immunol., 5 (11): 1461-71(1993), in which a subset of CD4+ T cells from immunocompetent mice (designated CD45RB (high)) are purified and transferred adoptively to immunodeficient mice (e.g., c.b-17scid mice). Animals recovering the CD45RB high CD4+ T cell population develop a lethal, wasting disease in which monocytes severely infiltrate the colon, pathologically resembling human IBD.

TNF ARE (-/-) model. Recently, Targan et al, n.engl.j med., 337 (15): 1029-35(1997) demonstrated a role for TNF in human Crohn's disease by successful treatment with anti-TNF α antibodies. Mice with abnormal TNF-. alpha.production develop Crohn's disease-like inflammatory bowel disease due to genetic changes in the TNF gene (ARE-/-) (see Kontoyiannis et al, Immunity, 10 (3): 387-98 (1999)).

SAMP/yit model. The model is described in Kosiewicz et al, J clin. invest, 107 (6): 695-702(2001). Mouse strain SAMP/Yit spontaneously developed chronic inflammation confined to the terminal ileum. The resultant ileitis is characterized by massive infiltration of activated T lymphocytes into the lamina propria and is significantly similar to human crohn's disease.

Examples of in vitro assays

Reagent

MOLT-4 cells were obtained from the American Type culture Collection (Manassas, Va.) in humidified 5% CO₂The cultures were grown in an incubator at 37 ℃ in RPMI tissue culture medium supplemented with 10% Fetal Calf Serum (FCS). Recombinant human chemokine protein TECK obtained from R&D Systems(Minneapolis，MN)。Chemotaxis microchambers were purchased from Neuro Probe (Gaithersburg, MD).Cell proliferation kits were purchased from Molecular Probes (Eugene, Oreg)on). Calcium indicator dye Fluo-4AM was purchased from molecular devices (Mountain View, Calif.).

Evaluation of test modulators in calcium mobilization assays

The efficacy of potential receptor antagonists in blocking signals mediated by chemokine receptors (e.g., CCR (9)) is determined using a cytosolic calcium mobilization assay. The assay is routinely performed using a fluorescence imaging plate reader (FLIPR, Molecular Devices). MOLT-4 cells were labeled with the fluorescence-indicator dye Fluo-4(molecular devices) according to the manufacturer's instructions. After labeling, cells were collected by centrifugation (400 xg5 min at room temperature) and resuspended in HBSS to 2.5x10⁶Cell density of individual cells/mL. Test compounds were prepared at 100X final concentration in 100% DMSO; the concentration range of each compound is typically tested at a final concentration of 0.1nM to 10,000 nM. Labeled cells (300 μ L) were mixed with compound or an equal volume of DMSO (3 μ L) in a 96-well plate; after thorough mixing, 50 μ L of this cell/compound mixture was added to each of the 4 wells of the 384-well FLIPR plate. Chemokine agonist (i.e., hTERCK) EC as previously determined⁵⁰Concentrations of 5X were prepared in HBSS, added to each well and the resulting changes in fluorescence intensity were recorded on the FLIPR, indicating chemokine receptor mediated signal transduction. These data were used to calculate compound IC using Graphpad Prism Software (Graphpad Software) and a one-point competition model using nonlinear regression⁵⁰The value is obtained.

Evaluation of test modulators in serum chemotaxis assays

Serum chemotaxis assays were employed to determine the efficacy of potential receptor antagonists in blocking migration mediated by chemokine receptors such as CCR (9). The measurement was carried out using a polycarbonate film having a pore size of 5- μmA microchamber system. MOLT-4 cells were harvested by centrifugation at 400Xg at room temperature and then suspended at 5 million/ml in human serum containing 50mM HEPES (final pH 7.2). Then combining the measured compoundsThe substance or an equal volume of solvent (DMSO) was added to the cell/serum mixture at a final DMSO concentration of 0.125% (v/v), and the mixture was incubated together at 37 ℃ for 1 hour. Recombinant human TECK was diluted with chemotactic buffer (HBSS + 0.1% BSA) typically spanning the range of 0.1nM-500nM alone, after which 29. mu.l of the diluted chemokine were placed inIn the lower hole of the plate. A5- μm (pore size) polycarbonate membrane was placed on the plate and 20 μ L of the cell/compound mixture was transferred to the membrane per well. The plates were incubated at 37 ℃ for 90 minutes, after which the polycarbonate membrane was removed and 5. mu.l of the DNA intercalator CyQUANT (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif.) was added to the lower well. The amount of fluorescence, which corresponds to the number of migrated cells, was measured using a Spectrafluor Plus plate reader (TECAN, San Jose, CA).

The a2 value was calculated using the following equation, comparing the efficacy of the test compound to that of the DMSO-only control at isoactive chemokine levels:

log (a2) ═ Log [ drug (M) ] -Log [ (a'/a) -1]

Wherein at a given drug concentration ([ drug (M) ]), A reflects the efficacy of the agonist in the absence of the antagonist, and A' reflects the efficacy of the agonist in the presence of the antagonist.

Examples of in vivo efficacy assays

Evaluation of test modulators in CCR (9) -dependent T cell trafficking model

Single cell suspensions were prepared from the spleen and lymph nodes of OT-I Tg CD45.1 mice. 15X10⁶Total cell (about 3X 10)⁶Individual CD8T cells) were injected into gender-matched, congenic CD45.2C57BL/6n mice (8-10 weeks old). After 24 hours, animals were immunized by oral gavage with 25mg ovalbumin (Sigma-Aldrich, st. louis, MO) +10ug cholera toxin (Calbiochem, San Diego, CA). CCR (9) antagonists are administered prior to oral ovalbumin within the time frame dictated by their mouse pharmacokinetics and throughout the period. Exempt fromAnimals were euthanized 5 days after the epidemic and the small intestine was harvested. The collective lymph nodes (Peyer's patches) were removed and after rinsing with PBS, the intestine was opened on a piece of wet square Optima fabric (allegiance healthcare). The mucosa was scraped with a scalpel and then dissociated by stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature in 50ml of medium containing 10% newborn bovine serum and DTT (1 mM). After centrifugation, the pellet was resuspended in PBS containing 10% newborn calf serum, vortexed for 3 minutes, and quickly passed through a glass wool column (1.6g in a 20-ml syringe; Fisher scientific). IEL was further purified in Ficoll-Paque gradient, stained with mAb for flow cytometry analysis. Transferred OT-1Tg CD45.1T cells were detected and quantified by flow cytometry. In this model, treatment with the compounds of the invention resulted in a significant reduction in the frequency of OT-1Tg CD45.1T cells that were transported to the small intestine in response to the antigen.

Evaluation of test modulators in a colitis cell transfer model

Single cell suspensions of purified CD4+ CD25-T cells were prepared from the spleen and lymph nodes of Balb/c mice. Then 1x106 CD4+ CD25-T cells were transferred to sex and age matched CB17SCID mice. Starting 2 hours prior to transfer, CD4+ CD 25-recipient mice receive vehicle or a compound of the invention. Mice were monitored weekly for body weight, which decreased as the mice developed disease. Mice in which disease progression is slowed or inhibited will have significant differences in their body weight relative to mice receiving vehicle. At the end of the study, the mouse colon was weighed and measured to assess reconstitution of the target tissue. Changes in cytokines in the colon tissue homogenates were also measured. Treatment with the compounds of the present invention results in significant protection from disease-related wasting as well as colon remodeling and normalization of proinflammatory cytokine levels.

Evaluation of test modulators in HIV spread inhibition model

In bone marrow/liver/thymus or "BLT" mice, non-obese diabetic (NOD)/SCID mice (which lack endogenous T and B cells) were surgically implanted with fetal thymus and liver organoids, as in the SCID-hu system. The mice were then sublethally irradiatedShooting and implanting autologous CD34 obtained from fetal liver⁺Stem cells, which reside in the bone marrow of mice, efficiently accept human bone marrow grafts, resulting in a wide variety of human cells in the peripheral blood, including mature T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells, all of which show extensive infiltration of organs and tissues including the liver, lungs and gastrointestinal tract. Following transplantation, the compounds of the invention are administered to transplanted mice to inhibit human cell trafficking to the gastrointestinal tract (the primary source of T cell/HIV interaction). Compound efficacy is measured as a reduction in blood viral load by standard techniques.

Evaluation of test modulators in arthritis models

A 17-day study of type II collagen-induced arthritis was conducted to evaluate the effect of modulators on arthritis-induced clinical ankle swelling. Rat collagen-induced arthritis is an experimental model of polyarthritis and is widely used in preclinical testing for a variety of anti-arthritic drugs (see Trentham et al, J.exp. Med.146 (3): 857-. The hallmarks of this model are the robust and easily measurable actual onset and progression of polyarthritis, significant cartilage destruction associated with pannus formation, and mild to moderate bone resorption and periosteal proliferation.

Female Lewis rats (about 0.2 kg) were anesthetized with isoflurane and injected with 2mg/mL bovine type II collagen in freund's incomplete adjuvant at the tail base and back on two points on days 0 and 6 of this 17-day study. The test modulator was administered by subcutaneous injection from day 9 to day 17 at a dose of 100mg/kg and a volume of 1mL/kg in the following vehicle (24.5% Cremaphore EL, 24.5% plain oil, 1% benzyl alcohol and 50% distilled water). Ankle joint diameter was measured daily with calipers, and reduction of joint swelling was taken as a measure of efficacy.

Evaluation of test modulators in ulcerative colitis models

MDR1a knock-out mice, which lack the P-glycoprotein gene, spontaneously develop colitis under specific pathogen-free conditions. The pathology of these animals is characterized by a Th1 type T cell mediated inflammation similar to that of human ulcerative colitis. The disease usually begins to appear around 8-10 weeks of birth. However, the age at which the disease occurs and the final level of penetrance often vary considerably between different animal facilities.

In studies using MDR1a knockout mice, the ability to delay the onset of disease was assessed by prophylactic administration of the CCR (9) antagonists of the present invention. Female mice were given 10-100mg/kg by subcutaneous injection once a day for 14 consecutive weeks from 10 weeks of age (n ═ 34). The IBD-associated growth retardation of this study was evaluated and the tested compounds were shown to be effective in this model.

Evaluation of test modulators in asthma mouse model

This example describes the procedure for evaluating the efficacy of antagonists for the treatment of asthma. An animal model of asthma can be induced by standard immunization of rodents to sensitize the rodent to a test antigen (e.g., OVA), followed by aerosolization to introduce the same antigen into the rodent lungs. Groups of 3 groups of rodents (each group comprising 10 rodents) were effectively sensitized at day 0 by a single i.p. injection of Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) containing 100ug OVA together with an adjuvant (e.g. aluminium hydroxide). On day 11 after sensitization, animals were placed in a plexiglas chamber and challenged with nebulized OVA (1%) for 30 minutes using an ultrasonic nebulizer (De vilblloss). One group of mice received additional PBS and Tween 0.5% i.p. at initial sensitization and at different dosing regimens thereafter until nebulized OVA challenge. The second group consisted of groups of mice: different doses of CCR4 antagonist administered intraperitoneally, intravenously, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, orally, or by any other mode of administration are received at the time of initial sensitization and at different dosing schedules thereafter until challenge with aerosolized OVA. The third group of mice used as positive controls consisted of: treatment with mouse IL-10i.p., anti-IL 4 antibody i.p., or anti-IL 5 antibody i.p., at initial sensitization and at different dosing regimens thereafter, until nebulized OVA challenge. Subsequently, animals were analyzed for lung function, cell infiltrates in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), lung histology examination, and serum OVA-specific IgE titer measurements at different time points after nebulized OVA challenge.

It is therefore intended that the foregoing detailed description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting, and that it be understood that it is the following claims, including all equivalents, that are intended to define the spirit and scope of this invention.

Claims (21)

1. A compound or salt of the following formula (I):

wherein

R¹Selected from unsubstituted C_2-8Alkyl, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkylamino and unsubstituted C_3-10Heterocyclyl radical, said C_3-10The heterocyclic radical is selected from pyrrolidine, piperidine and imidazolidinePyrazolidine, dioxolane, 1, 4-dioxane, morpholine, thiomorpholine, piperazine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene, and

R²h, F or Cl; or

R¹And R²Together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring in which R is¹And R²The heterocyclic ring formed together with the carbon atom to which they are attached including optionally substituted by C_1-8Alkyl substituted tetrahydrofuran;

R³is H, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy or halogen;

R⁴is H or F;

R⁵is H, F, Cl or-CH₃；

R⁶Is H, halogen, -CN, -CONH₂、-NH₂Unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group;

l is a bond or-CH₂-；

A¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷And A⁸Each independently selected from N, N-O and-CR⁸-; wherein A is¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷And A⁸At least one and not more than 2 of (a) are N or N-O;

R⁸each independently selected from H, halogen, -CN, oxo, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, -NR²⁰R²¹Wherein the alkyl substituent is selected from halogen, CN, OH, C_1-8An alkoxy group; alkoxy substituents are halogen; and

R²⁰and R²¹Each independently is H or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group.

2. The compound of claim 1, or a salt thereof, wherein a¹Or A²One of which is N or N-O, and A¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷And A⁸The remainder being-CR⁸-, wherein each R⁸Independently selected.

3. The compound of claim 1, or a salt thereof, wherein a²、A³、A⁴、A⁵2 of (A) is N or N-O, and A¹、A²、A³、A⁴、A⁵、A⁶、A⁷And A⁸The remainder being-CR⁸-, wherein each R⁸Independently selected.

4. The compound of claim 1, or a salt thereof, having the formula (II):

wherein

R¹Selected from unsubstituted C_2-8Alkyl, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkylamino and unsubstituted C_3-10Heterocyclyl radical, said C_3-10The heterocyclic radical is selected from pyrrolidine, piperidine, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, dioxolane, 1, 4-dioxane, morpholine, thiomorpholine, piperazine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene;

R²h, F or Cl; or

R¹And R²Together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring in which R is¹And R²The heterocyclic ring formed together with the carbon atom to which they are attached including optionally substituted by C_1-8Alkyl substituted tetrahydrofuran;

R³is H, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy or halogen;

R⁴is H or F;

R⁵is H, F, Cl or-CH₃；

R⁶Is H, halogen, -CN, -CONH₂、-NH₂Unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group;

l is a bond or-CH₂-; and

z is selected from

And N-oxides thereof;

wherein the Z group may be unsubstituted or substituted with 1-3 independently selected R⁸Substituent group substitution;

R⁸each independently selected from H, halogen, -CN, oxo, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, -NR²⁰R²¹Wherein the alkyl substituent is selected from halogen, CN, OH, C_1-8An alkoxy group; alkoxy substituents are halogen; and

R²⁰and R²¹Each independently is H, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group.

5. The compound of claim 4, or a salt thereof, having formula (IIIa) or (IIIb):

wherein

R¹Selected from unsubstituted C_2-8Alkyl, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, unsubstituted C_1-8Alkylamino and unsubstituted C_3-10Heterocyclyl radical, said C_3-10The heterocyclic radical is selected from pyrrolidine, piperidine, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, dioxolane, 1, 4-dioxane, morpholine, thiomorpholine, piperazine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene;

R²h, F or Cl; or

R¹And R²Together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring,wherein R is¹And R²The heterocyclic ring formed together with the carbon atom to which they are attached including optionally substituted by C_1-8Alkyl substituted tetrahydrofuran;

R³is H, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy or halogen;

R⁴is H or F;

R⁵is H, F, Cl or-CH₃；

R⁶Is H, halogen, -CN, -CONH₂、-NH₂Substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Aminoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group;

each R⁸Independently selected from H, halogen, -CN, oxo, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8Alkoxy, -NR²⁰R²¹Wherein the alkyl substituent is selected from halogen, CN, OH, C_1-8An alkoxy group; alkoxy substituents are halogen;

R²⁰and R²¹Each independently is H or substituted or unsubstituted C_1-8An alkyl group; and

n is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

6. The compound of claim 5 or a salt thereof, wherein

R¹Selected from: -CH₂CH₃、-CH(CH₃)₂、-C(CH₃)₃、-C(CH₃)₂CH₂CH₃、-OCH₃、-OCH₂CH₃、-OCH(CH₃)₂、-OC(CH₃)₃、-OCH₂CH(CH₃)₂And morpholino;

R²h, F or Cl; or

R¹And R²May together form-OC (CH)₃)₂CH₂-；

R³Is H, -CH₃or-OCH₃；

R⁴Is H or F;

R⁵is H;

R⁶is H, -CH₃、-CH₂CH₃、-CH(CH₃)₂、-C₃H₇、-CH₂F、-CHF₂、-CF₂CH₃、-CF₃、-CH₂OCH₃、-CH₂OH、-CH₂CN, -CN or-CONH₂(ii) a And

each R⁸Independently selected from H, F, Cl, Br, -CH₃、-OH、-OCH₃、-OCH₂CH₃、-NH₂、-N(CH₃)₂and-CN.

7. A compound of claim 6, or a salt thereof, wherein R¹is-C (CH)₃)₃。

8. The compound of claim 7 or a salt thereof, wherein

R²Is H or F;

R³is H;

R⁴is H; and

R⁶is-CH₃、-CH₂F、-CHF₂or-CF₃。

9. The compound of claim 8, or a salt thereof, selected from:

。

10. a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof selected from

And N-oxides thereof.

11. A compound of the formula:

。

12. a composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a compound of any one of claims 1-11.

13. Use of a compound of any one of claims 1-11 or a composition of claim 12 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a condition or disease mediated by CCR9, said treatment comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1-11 or a composition of claim 12.

14. The use of claim 13, wherein the subject is a human.

15. The use of claim 13 or 14, wherein the administration is oral, parenteral, rectal, transdermal, sublingual, nasal or topical.

16. The use of claim 14, wherein the CCR9 mediated disease or condition is an inflammatory bowel disease, an allergic disease, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, a fibrotic disease, transplant rejection, graft versus host disease, immune mediated food allergy, an autoimmune disease, celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, thymoma, thymus cancer, leukemia, a solid tumor, melanoma, primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatitis, an inflammatory liver disease, or post-operative ileus.

17. The use of claim 14, wherein the CCR9 mediated disease or condition is an inflammatory bowel disease selected from crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.

18. The use of claim 14, wherein the CCR9 mediated disease or condition is asthma.

19. The use of claim 16, wherein the leukemia is acute lymphocytic leukemia.

20. The use of claim 16, wherein said CCR9 mediated disease or condition is an inflammatory bowel disease, an allergic disease, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, a fibrotic disease, transplant rejection or graft versus host disease.

21. The use of any one of claims 14-20, further comprising administering an anti-inflammatory or analgesic.