HK1205490B - Magnetic rail brake device - Google Patents

Description

Magnetic rail brake device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a magnetic rail brake device.

Background

Such a device is known from DE 10111685 a 1. The magnetic rail brake device comprises a magnetic base body with two arms, on the ends of which pole shoes with friction surfaces are mounted. In general, the magnetic track brake device is an electromagnet having a coil elongated in the longitudinal direction of the track and a magnetic core similar to a horseshoe. The direct current flowing into the field coil generates a magnetic flux in the magnetic core, which magnetic flux is closed via the rail head. The braking force depends on the reluctance (i.e. geometry and permeability) of the magnetic circuit, the electromagnetic flux potential, the friction coefficient between the pole pieces and the rail, and the rail condition.

It has previously been preferred to use St37 steel as friction material for the pole shoes, whereas DE 10111685 a1 proposes sintered material as friction material.

EP 0875691B 1 also proposes that a friction material block produced by sintering is mounted on the pole piece, and that the carrier is subsequently cast or screwed in place.

DE-C112359 shows a magnetic rail brake, the pole shoe of which has a plurality of magnetic shoes of the same type of construction arranged one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the pole shoe, wherein several of the magnetic shoes are mounted in an articulated manner in order to be able to adapt themselves precisely to the surface of the rail head during braking.

The friction and wear resistance of the pole shoes is problematic. It is desirable that the performance can be adapted to different conditions of use.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to improve a magnetic track brake device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be adapted to different conditions of use with regard to the attraction force, the pressure per unit area between the friction partners and the wear resistance.

The object is achieved by the features described below. The magnetic rail brake device according to the invention comprises a magnetic base body having a pole shoe with a friction surface, which is characterized in that the friction surface of the pole shoe in a first region is made of a different material than the friction surface in a second region, the materials of the first region and the second region being arranged distributed differently on the first pole shoe than on the second pole shoe of the magnetic rail brake device.

The basic concept of the invention is that the friction surfaces of the pole shoes are made of different materials in the individual regions. Preferably, the material of the base body, i.e. in particular steel, is used in the first region, and a different material, in particular a sintered material, is used in the second region.

As the sintering material, for example:

80-99% by weight of iron

0.5-5 wt% of molybdenum sulfite

0.5-5 wt.% of carbon

0.5-5% by weight of silicon carbide.

Preferably, the two materials have different magnetic properties. This also results in different attractive forces and pressures per unit area between the pole shoe and the rail head.

The pole shoe is preferably divided into different regions in the longitudinal direction, wherein these different regions can also have different lengths or different areas.

To avoid symmetry, the different regions can be distributed differently in the first pole shoe (for example the left pole shoe) than in the second pole shoe (for example the right pole shoe).

According to a further development of the invention, it is also possible to combine more than two materials, so that in particular different materials and in particular different sintered materials are used for the second region.

However, the division along the rail longitudinal direction may also be made at any angle with respect to the rail longitudinal direction. The division does not have to extend over the entire height of the pole shoes, but can also extend only up to the height of the base carrier.

The second region can also be mounted on the base carrier in the form of a circular plate.

The base carrier is made of pure iron or other material with good magnetic permeability.

A non-magnetic material may also be used as the material for the second region. Here, the order of the different materials can also be varied, and the proportion of the areas of the different materials in the longitudinal direction of the rail can also be varied.

The above principle can also be used for the intermediate links and end pieces of the chain magnets. The friction material for the pole shoes of the chain magnets can be varied within the friction surfaces of the pole shoes between the left and right halves of the middle chain link or end piece. Likewise, the friction material for the pole shoes of the chain magnet can be varied in the longitudinal direction of the friction surfaces of the pole shoes of the intermediate link or of the end piece. All the above-described pole shoe solutions can also be used in eddy current braking.

Drawings

The invention is explained in detail below with the aid of examples and with reference to the figures. Wherein:

fig. 1 shows a cross section of a magnetic track brake device according to the invention;

figure 2 shows a side view of a pole piece according to a first embodiment of the invention;

figure 3 shows a top view of the friction face of the pole piece of figure 2;

figure 4 shows a plan view of a friction face of a pole piece according to a second embodiment of the invention;

figure 5 shows a plan view of the friction face of a pole shoe according to a third embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a magnetic track brake device with a horseshoe-shaped base body 1 made of a material with good magnetic permeability (e.g. steel), from which two arms 2.1 and 2.2 project. An excitation coil 3 is arranged on the laterally extending yoke of the base body 1, which excitation coil generates a magnetic field in the two limbs 2.1 and 2.2 when a direct current flows through it.

Pole shoes 4.1 and 4.2 are attached to the free ends of the two limbs 2.1 and 2.2. Between the two pole shoes 4.1 and 4.2, an intermediate web 5 is mounted, which is made of a non-magnetic material. The pole shoes 4.1 and 4.2 lie opposite the rail 6 during driving operation and are separated from the latter by an air gap 8. The pole shoes 4.1 and 4.2 and the intermediate webs 5 have friction surfaces 7.1, 7.2 and 7.3 which, during braking operation, are lowered onto the surface of the rail 6 and are pressed against the rail 6 by magnetic force. This is achieved by applying a direct current to the coil 3. The magnetic circuit is thus closed via the arms 2.1, 2.2, the pole shoes 4.1, 4.2 and the rail 6, wherein the base body 1 is movably fixed to the vehicle during friction braking and thus can close the air gap 8, so that the friction surfaces 7.1, 7.2 and 7.3 contact the surface of the rail 6.

Fig. 2 shows a side view of a pole shoe 4 with a base carrier made of a first material 10. The base carrier can also be connected in one piece to one of the arms 2.1 or 2.2. The base carrier 4 has a plurality of inserts made of a second material 9, in particular a sintered material, in the longitudinal direction (x) of the pole shoe. The friction surfaces of the sintered material 9 and of the base body 10 lie in a plane, so that the first material (10) and the second material (9) succeed one another alternately in the longitudinal direction (x). The anchoring of the second material 9 in the base carrier 4 can be effected in a known manner, for example as described in EP 0875691B 1, for example by casting the base carrier onto the second material 9 with a dovetail-shaped head.

In fig. 2, the base carrier 4 has a plurality of holes 11, via which the base carrier can be screwed onto the arms 2.1 and 2.2.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the friction surface 7 of the pole shoe. Here, the succession of the different materials 9, 10 can be clearly seen, wherein it is to be noted that the length of the different materials 9, 10 can be varied in the x-direction. It is also noted that the order of the different materials 9, 10 on the two pole shoes 4.1 and 4.2 may be different in order to avoid symmetry.

Fig. 4 shows that the insert made of the second material 9 can also be inclined at an acute angle α with respect to the longitudinal direction x and thus form an obliquely extending strip. The width of these bands may also vary.

Fig. 5 shows a plan view of a friction surface of a pole shoe according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which the insert made of the second material 9 is disk-shaped.

The embodiments of the pole shoes described so far can be used in the same way for the intermediate chain links and the end pieces of the chain magnets, wherein the friction material for the pole shoes of the chain magnets can be changed within the friction surfaces of the pole shoes between the left and right halves of the intermediate chain links or of the end pieces. The friction material for the pole shoes of the chain magnets can also be varied in the longitudinal direction of the friction surfaces of the pole shoes of the intermediate links or of the end pieces.

Finally, the described pole shoe solution can also be used in eddy current braking.

Claims (11)

1. Magnetic track brake device comprising a magnetic base body (1) having pole shoes (4.1, 4.2) with friction surfaces (7.1, 7.2), characterized in that the friction surfaces (7.1, 7.2) of the pole shoes (4.1, 4.2) in a first region (10) are made of a different material than the friction surfaces in a second region (9), the material of the first region (10) and the second region (9) being distributed on the first pole shoe (4.1) of the magnetic track brake device differently than on the second pole shoe (4.2).

2. A magnetic track brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that the friction surfaces (7.1, 7.2) of the pole shoes (4.1, 4.2) in the first region (10) are made of the material of the magnetic base body (1).

3. A magnetic track brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the first region (10) is different from the material of the magnetic substrate (1).

4. A magnetic track brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the first region (10) is steel and the material of the second region (9) is a sintered material.

5. A magnetic track brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that the materials of the first region (10) and the second region (9) have different magnetic properties.

6. A magnetic track brake device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the material of the first region (10) and the second region (9) is arranged distributed one behind the other in the longitudinal direction (x) of the pole shoes (4.1, 4.2).

7. A magnetic track brake device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the material of the first region (10) and the second region (9) has different lengths in the longitudinal direction (x) of the pole shoes (4.1, 4.2).

8. A magnetic track brake device according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the friction surface of the second region (9) is made of a plurality of different materials.

9. A magnetic track brake device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the material of the first region (10) and the second region (9) is designed in the form of strips, and the strips are arranged obliquely at an acute angle (α) to the longitudinal direction (x) of the pole shoes (4.1, 4.2).

10. A magnetic track brake device according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the material of the second region (9) is disc-shaped.

11. A magnetic track brake device according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ratio between the friction surfaces (7.1, 7.2) in the first region (10) and in the second region (9) varies in the longitudinal direction (x) of the track.