HK1245223B - Elevator hoist and elevator equipment - Google Patents

Description

Elevator hoist and elevator device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an elevator hoist and an elevator device.

Background Art

In recent elevator systems, so-called machine-room-less elevator systems have become popular for the purpose of reducing the height of buildings. In these machine-room-less elevator systems, a machine room for accommodating machinery such as an elevator hoist (hereinafter referred to as a hoist) is not provided above the elevator shaft, but the machinery is provided inside the elevator shaft.

In this machine-room-less elevator system, all equipment, including the hoisting machine, which was previously installed in the machine room, is installed in the hoistway. There are various configurations for installing the hoisting machine in the hoistway, but installing the hoisting machine in the hoistway requires a lightweight hoisting machine. Naturally, lightweight hoisting machines are also required in existing elevator systems with a machine room.

As an existing hoist, for example, the following technology is described in Patent Document 1: "A rotor of an electric motor, a driving sheave for winding up a hoisting rope, and a brake disc of a disc brake are integrated into a single body to form a rotating body assembly. The rotating body assembly is rotated by a magnetic force acting between the stator and rotor of the electric motor provided in a base assembly, and the rotation of the rotating body assembly is stopped by pressing the friction member of the disc brake against the side of the brake disc." (See the abstract of the specification).

Another conventional hoisting machine, for example, is known to have a structure as shown in Figures 7 and 8. The hoisting machine 110 shown in Figure 7 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of a groove in a machine room or a hoistway, and is used to wind up a hoisting rope connected to the elevator car through a predetermined operation. The hoisting machine includes a frame 101, a sheave 114 rotatably mounted to the frame 101 and around which the hoisting rope is wound, a brake disc 126 integrally mounted with the sheave 114 and rotatable, and an electromagnetic brake device 115 for braking the brake disc 126. Furthermore, the electromagnetic brake device 115 is fixed to the frame 101 via a large support bracket 147 that encloses the electromagnetic brake device 115.

Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the brake 115 as viewed from the direction D in Figure 7(c). The brake 115 is supported by a support shaft 137 so as to be movable in the axial direction. The support shaft 137 is supported at both ends by a portion of a sheave 114 side of a support bracket 147 having a width L and a thickness T.

The conventional hoist is constructed with a so-called outer rotor type electric motor, so a large braking force is required when braking the rotor. Therefore, in order to ensure a predetermined braking force applied to the brake disc, two independent electromagnetic brake devices are provided for the brake disc.

Prior art literature

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-299824

However, the support bracket that supports the electromagnetic brake device needs to ensure sufficient strength to withstand the excessive torque applied to the electromagnetic brake device during emergency braking, and also needs high rigidity to stably hold the support shaft.

The conventional hoist shown in Figures 7 and 8 requires a large, strong structure, with the support shaft 137 and the support bracket 147 mounted on both sides of the brake disc 126, and the support bracket 147 also spanning both sides of the brake disc 126. This inevitably results in a heavy and thick structure. As a result, various problems arise, such as the necessity of using a large crane or the like to transport the hoist when installing a new elevator system or when the hoist is being updated, and the heavy burden on the operator during installation.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention has been completed in view of the above situation, and its purpose is to achieve lightweighting and compact and lightweight overall dimensions of an elevator hoist, thereby simplifying the installation work of the hoist when a new elevator device is installed or the hoist is updated.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the elevator hoist of the present invention comprises: a frame; an annular stator which is provided on the frame; a main shaft, one end of which is fixed to the center of the stator; a sheave which is rotatably provided on the main shaft; a brake disc which is formed integrally with the sheave; an annular rotor which is formed integrally with the sheave; an electromagnetic brake device which brakes the brake disc using a pair of brake shoes; and a brake bracket which is fixed to the frame and supports the electromagnetic brake device, the electromagnetic brake device being provided with a brake body for holding one brake shoe at a position closer to the frame side than the braking surface of the brake disc, and an armature for holding the other brake shoe at a position closer to the sheave side than the braking surface of the brake disc, the brake bracket having a support shaft at a position closer to the frame side than the braking surface of the brake disc, the support shaft supporting the brake body so as to be movable in the axial direction.

In addition, the elevator device of the present invention comprises: a lifting body that is raised and lowered in a lifting passage of a building; a counterweight; a main rope that suspends the lifting body and the counterweight; a hoist that is arranged in the lifting passage or in a machine room and is used to wind up the main rope; and a guide rail that guides the lifting and lowering of the lifting body, the hoist comprising: a frame; an annular stator that is provided in the frame; a main shaft that has one end fixed to the center of the stator; a sheave that is rotatably provided on the main shaft; a brake disc that is formed integrally with the sheave; an annular rotor that is formed integrally with the sheave; and an electromagnetic brake. The invention relates to a device that brakes the brake disc with a pair of brake shoes; and a brake bracket that is fixed to the frame and supports the electromagnetic brake device, wherein the electromagnetic brake device is configured with a brake body for holding one brake shoe at a position closer to the frame than the braking surface of the brake disc, and an armature for holding the other brake shoe at a position closer to the sheave than the braking surface of the brake disc, and the brake bracket has a support shaft at a position closer to the frame than the braking surface of the brake disc, and the support shaft supports the brake body so that it can move in the axial direction.

Effects of the Invention

According to the present invention, it is possible to achieve a lighter and smaller overall size of the hoist.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is an overall view of a hoist according to an embodiment.

FIG2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG1(c).

FIG3 is an enlarged view of the main parts of each figure in FIG1.

FIG4 is an overall view of an elevator apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic brake device when the brake is applied.

FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic brake device when the brake is released.

FIG. 7 is an overall view of a conventional hoist.

FIG8 is an enlarged plan view of a main part of a conventional electromagnetic brake device as viewed from a direction D. FIG8 is a ...

Description of reference numerals:

1: Frame, 1a: Mounting part, 5, 5-1: Support shaft, 10: Hoist, 14: Pulley, 15: Electromagnetic brake device, 26: Brake disc, 27a, 27b: Brake shoe, 28: Armature, 33: Brake body (body), 35: Limit bolt (stopper), 37: Support shaft, 37a: Threaded hole, 39: Fixing member, 42: Compression spring, 46: Fixing bolt (bolt), 50: Brake bracket, 51: Fixing member fixing bolt, 52: Limit bolt, 53: Lock nut, 401: Lifting body (car), 402: Counterweight, 403: Main rope, 404: Guide rail, 405: Emergency stop device, 406: Working rod, 407: Speed regulator, 408: Pulley, 409: Speed regulation rope, 1000: Building, 1100: Lifting passage, 1200: Machinery room.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of an elevator device and a hoisting machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 4 is an overall diagram of an elevator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the elevator apparatus according to this embodiment includes a lifting structure (car) 401, a counterweight 402, a main rope 403, a hoist 10, guide rails 404, an emergency stop device 405, an operating rod 406, a speed governor 407, a sheave 408, and a speed regulating rope 409.

The lifting body 401 and the counterweight 402 are suspended from the main hoisting rope 403. The hoist 10 is arranged in the machine room 1200 provided in the building 1000. The main hoisting rope 403 is wound around the hoist 10. In addition, a drive device (not shown) for driving and braking the hoist 10 is arranged in the machine room 1200. The drive device frictionally drives the main hoisting rope 403 by rotating the hoist 10, thereby raising and lowering the lifting body 401 and the counterweight 402. It should be noted that Figure 4 shows an example in which the hoist 10 is arranged in the machine room 1200, but a structure in which the hoist 10 is arranged in the lifting passage 1100 may also be adopted.

The lifting structure 401 is installed in an elevator shaft 1100 provided in the building 1000. The lifting structure 401 has a plurality of guide devices (not shown) and is slidably engaged with guide rails 404, thereby being guided by the guide rails 404 and moving up and down within the elevator shaft 1100. Hereinafter, the direction in which the lifting structure 401 and the counterweight 402 are raised and lowered is referred to as the lifting direction.

The counterweight 402 has a plurality of guide devices (not shown) that slidably engage with guide rails (not shown) fixed to the wall of the elevator passage 1100 , thereby being guided in the lifting direction by the guide rails (not shown) and ascending and descending within the elevator passage 1100 .

An emergency stop device 405 is provided on the lifting body 401. In an emergency, a wedge member grips the guide rail 404 to stop the descent of the lifting body 401. An operating rod 406 is pivotally supported on the lifting body 401 and is used to drive the emergency stop device 405. The operating rod 406 is connected to a speed regulating sling 409.

When the lifting speed of the elevator 401 exceeds the rated speed and reaches a first overspeed (e.g., 1.3 times the rated speed), the speed regulator 407 shuts off the power to the drive device driving the hoist 10 and the control device (not shown) controlling the drive device. Furthermore, when the descent speed of the elevator 401 reaches a second overspeed (e.g., 1.4 times the rated speed), the emergency stop device 405 is activated by actuating the operating lever 406 provided on the elevator 401. This mechanically brings the elevator 401 to an emergency stop.

Next, the hoist 10 of this embodiment will be described in detail. Figure 1 is an overall view of the hoist 10, with Figure 1(a) being a left side view, Figure 1(b) being a front view, and Figure 1(c) being a right side view. As shown in Figure 1(b), the hoist 10 primarily comprises: a frame 1; a sheave 14 rotatably mounted to the frame 1 and around which a sling is wound; a brake disc 26 integrally mounted with the sheave 14 and rotatable; an electromagnetic brake device 15 for braking the brake disc 26; and a brake bracket 50 fixed to a mounting portion 1a of the frame 1. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1(a), the frame 1 is provided with a mounting portion 1a that radially protrudes from the center toward the upper corners. A brake bracket 50 having a substantially C-shaped cross-section is mounted on the inner surface of the mounting portion 1a. The electromagnetic brake device 15, which slides on two support shafts 37 provided parallel to the ends of the brake bracket 50, is mounted so as to straddle the brake disc 26. Furthermore, by clamping the brake disc 26 with the brake shoe 27 of the electromagnetic brake device 15 , a braking force can be applied to the sheave 14 .

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the mounting portion 1a is provided at a position closer to the back side (the opposite side of the sheave 14) than the center portion in the thickness direction of the frame 1. This is because, even if an overhanging load is applied to the sheave 14 and the frame 1 is deformed toward the sheave 14, by providing the mounting portion 1a on the back side where the deformation is small, the influence of the deformation of the frame 1 on the brake operation of the electromagnetic brake device 15 can be suppressed.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1 (c), which illustrates the structure of the motor 7 that provides driving force to the hoist 10 and the structure of the brake shoe 27 that provides braking force to the sheave 14. As shown in the figure, the frame 1 is provided with an annular receiving recess 21 on the front surface side, and a cylindrical supporting wall 17 is protruding from the front end of the boss portion 16 remaining in the center of the receiving recess 21. An axial hole 18 is formed at the axial center position of the supporting wall 17 and the boss portion 16 so as to penetrate the frame 1, and one end of the main shaft 19 is fixed to the axial hole 18. In addition, the stator 22 of the motor 7 is mounted on the inner surface of the outer peripheral wall of the receiving recess 21. The stator 22 has a winding, and the magnetic field is continuously changed by energizing it.

The sheave 14 and the brake disc 26 are integrated into the rotating body assembly 2. The rotating body assembly 2 is generally in the shape of a circular plate, with its axis supported by the main shaft 19 via a bearing 23, and its outer peripheral edge serving as the brake disc 26. Furthermore, the rotor 31 of the electric motor 7 extends from one side of the rotating body assembly 2, and the sheave 14 used for winding up the hoisting rope is fixed to the other side of the rotating body assembly 2 by bolts or the like.

The rotor 31 of the electric motor 7 includes a cylindrical wall 24 integrally formed with the rotating body assembly 2 and a permanent magnet 25 fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the cylindrical wall 24. Furthermore, the rotor 31 is inserted into the housing recess 21 disposed in the frame 1, and the rotor 31 and the magnetic action surface of the stator 22 are radially opposed with an air gap therebetween.

The electromagnetic brake device 15 includes a pair of brake shoes 27 a and 27 b , an armature 28 that holds the brake shoe 27 a , a brake body (body) 33 that holds the brake shoe 27 b , and the like.

Next, the structure near the electric brake device 15 will be described in detail using FIG3 . It should be noted that FIG3(a) is an enlarged view of the main portion of FIG1(a), FIG3(b) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main portion of FIG1(b), and FIG3(c) is an enlarged view of the main portion of FIG1(c).

As shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b), a brake bracket 50 having a substantially C-shaped cross-section is fixed to the disc brake 26 side of the mounting portion 1a of the frame 1 by means of bolts 52. Mounting holes 50a are provided on opposing surfaces formed at both ends of the brake bracket 50, and support shafts 37 are provided so as to straddle these mounting holes 50a. Two support shafts 37 arranged parallel to each other within the brake bracket 50 penetrate through holes 33a on either side of the brake body 33 of the electromagnetic brake device 15 and support the electromagnetic brake device 15 in a cantilevered manner. With these structures, the brake body 33 can slide in the thickness direction of the brake bracket 50, thereby allowing the electromagnetic brake device 15 to move vertically on the disc brake 26.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG3(b), a stopper bolt 35 (stopper) is provided inside the brake bracket 50. The stopper bolt 35 extends through the brake body 33 and is fixed to the front end of the brake bracket 50. Furthermore, a compression spring 42 is provided, which engages with the stopper bolt 35 between the brake body 33 and the brake bracket 50. This structure biases the brake body 33 away from the disc brake 26 while limiting its sliding range away from the disc brake 26. Furthermore, this structure maintains the same spacing between the brake disc 26 and the brake shoe 27a, as well as the spacing between the brake disc 26 and the brake shoe 27b.

It should be noted that, as shown in FIG3(b), the armature 28 is arranged on the sheave 14 side, approximately coinciding with the center of gravity of the electromagnetic brake device 15, and the brake bracket 50 and the support shaft 37 are arranged on the frame 1 side. Furthermore, as shown in FIG1(c) and FIG3(c), the stopper bolt 35 and the compression spring 42 are arranged so as to be offset from the center of the support shaft 37 by a distance Y toward the outer circumference of the brake disc 26. With this structure, even if the electromagnetic brake device 15 attempts to displace toward the inner circumference of the disc brake 26 due to its own weight when the brake is released, the reaction force of the compression spring 42 prevents such displacement, thereby suppressing the displacement of the electromagnetic brake device 15.

Thus, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic brake device 15 is supported axially movably by two support shafts 37, and the support shafts 37 are attached to the frame 1 via the brake bracket 50. Therefore, there is no need to configure the brake bracket 50 to span both sides of the disc brake 26, and the size and weight can be significantly reduced compared to conventional brackets.

It should be noted that in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 (a), the support shaft 37 is fastened by a bolt 46 inserted into a hole on one side of the flat-plate-shaped fixing member 39. After the support shaft 37 passes through the mounting hole 50a of the brake bracket 50 and the through hole 33a of the brake body 33, the fixing member 39 is fastened to the brake bracket 50 by a bolt 51 inserted into a hole on the other side of the fixing member 39. However, other fixing methods such as welding or bonding the support shaft 37 to the brake bracket 50 may also be used.

Next, the operation of the electromagnetic brake device 15 will be described with reference to Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 shows the state of the electromagnetic brake device 15 when the brake is applied, and Figure 6 shows the state of the electromagnetic brake device 15 when the brake is released.

As described above, the electromagnetic brake device 15 is characterized by being mounted on the frame 1 via the support shaft 37. Briefly describing its internal structure, the electromagnetic brake device 15 comprises: a pair of brake shoes 27a and 27b for pressing the outer peripheral side of the brake disc 26 to brake the brake disc 26; an armature 28 for retaining one of the brake shoes 27a; a brake spring 36 for biasing the armature 28 toward the brake disc 26 (direction C in FIG. 4 ) to apply braking force to the sheave 14; and an electromagnetic drive unit 29 for compressing the brake spring 36, releasing the brake shoes 27a and 27b from the outer peripheral side of the brake disc 26, thereby enabling the sheave 14 to rotate.

The electromagnetic drive unit 29 is configured to be directly fixed to the brake body 33 by fixing bolts (not shown) or indirectly fixed to the brake body 33 via other mounting components. The other brake shoe 27b is directly fixed to the brake body 33 or indirectly fixed to the brake body 33 via other mounting components, forming a mechanism for braking or releasing the other outer peripheral side surface of the brake disc 26. The structure is configured to obtain a high braking force by clamping the brake disc 26 from both sides.

The electromagnetic drive unit 29 functions as an electromagnet for electromagnetically attracting the armature 28. It consists of a combination of an electromagnetic coil and an iron core (not shown). The iron core is made of a material with high magnetic permeability. The brake spring 36 presses the first assembly 43 (lower right slash) of the armature 28 and brake shoe 27a, located in the electromagnetic brake device 15, toward the brake disc 26 (direction C in the figure). As a result, the brake shoe 27a strongly presses against one outer peripheral side surface of the brake disc 26 (the right side in the figure). At this point, the brake spring 36 is not fully extended, and some spring force remains.

Therefore, under the reaction force of this spring force, the brake body 33 and the second assembly 44 of the electromagnetic drive unit 29 (upper right oblique line) move in opposite directions (direction D in the figure), and the brake shoe 27b provided on the other side of the brake body 33 strongly presses the other outer peripheral side surface (the left side in the figure) of the brake disc 26. Based on this situation, the brake shoes 27a and 27b clamp the brake disc 26 from both sides, which has the function of maintaining the sheave 14 in the braking state.

In contrast, by flowing current through the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic drive unit 29, the iron core is excited to attract the armature 28. Therefore, as shown in Figure 6, the armature 28 overcomes the spring force of the brake spring 36 and drives the brake shoe 27a in a direction away from the brake disc 26, thereby releasing the braking force on the brake disc 26.

Here, the electromagnetic brake device 15 is moved to the left (direction C in the figure) by an amount X until it contacts the bolt head of the stopper bolt using the compression spring 42. By setting the gap between the bolt head and the main body of the stopper bolt to X, relative to the gap 2X between the armature and the core, the gap between the disc and the shoes on both sides is uniformly set to X when the brake is released.

On the other hand, when the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic drive unit 29 is deenergized, the electromagnetic drive unit 29 is demagnetized. As a result, the pair of brake shoes 27a and 27b press against the outer peripheral side surface of the brake disc 26 to brake the sheave 14 as described above.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the electromagnetic brake device 15 is supported by two support shafts 37 so as to be movable in the axial direction, the shaft member 5 is mounted on the frame 1 via the brake bracket 50, and the armature is arranged on the sheave side of the braking surface of the brake disc, and the support shaft and the brake bracket are arranged on the frame side. Therefore, there is no need for a large support bracket as in the past, and the installation structure of the electromagnetic brake device 15 on the frame 1 can be simplified, which can reduce the overall weight of the winch 10.

Compared with Figures 7 and 8, in the existing hoist 100, in order to install the electromagnetic brake device 115 on the frame 1, it is necessary to use a support shaft 137 to support the electromagnetic brake device 115, and the electromagnetic brake device 115 is fixed to the frame 1 via a strong support bracket 147, and the support bracket 147 is supported in a manner of enclosing both ends of the support shaft 137. However, in the hoist 10 of this embodiment, the electromagnetic brake device 115 is supported by two support shafts 37 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the shaft member 5 is fixed to the mounting portion 1a of the frame 1 via the brake bracket 50, thereby achieving the miniaturization/lightweight of the hoist 10.

Furthermore, since the electromagnetic brake device 15 can also be made lighter, the workability of maintenance personnel when removing the electromagnetic brake device 15 from the hoist 10 during replacement of the brake shoes 27 a , 27 b or regular inspection can be improved.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments but also includes various variations. For example, the above-described embodiments are described in detail to facilitate the explanation of the present invention and are not necessarily limited to having all the structures described. In addition, a portion of the structure of a certain embodiment can be replaced with the structure of another embodiment, and a structure of another embodiment can be added to the structure of a certain embodiment. In addition, a portion of the structure of each embodiment can be added, deleted, or replaced with another structure.

The hoist of the present invention can be used in both machine-room-less and machine-room elevators. Furthermore, while the electromagnetic brake device 15 is fixed to the frame 1 using two support shafts 37 and one brake bracket 50, the number of support shafts 37 and brake bracket 50 is not limited thereto.

Claims (4)

1. An elevator winch, comprising: Frame; A ring-shaped stator is disposed within the frame; The main shaft, one end of which is fixed to the center of the stator; A pulley, which is rotatably mounted on the main shaft; The brake disc is integrally formed with the pulley. A ring-shaped rotor is integrally formed with the rope pulley; An electromagnetic brake device that uses a pair of brake shoes to brake the brake disc; and A brake bracket, fixed to the frame, supports the electromagnetic brake device. Its features are, The electromagnetic brake device has a brake body for holding one brake shoe positioned closer to the frame than the brake surface of the brake disc, and an armature for holding the other brake shoe positioned closer to the pulley than the brake surface of the brake disc. The brake bracket has a C-shaped cross-section and a support shaft located on the frame side closer to the brake disc's brake surface. This support shaft supports the brake body, enabling it to move axially. The brake bracket is provided with: A limiting bolt, which penetrates the brake body and is fixed to the front end of the C-shaped section of the brake bracket, restricts the sliding range of the brake body in a direction away from the brake disc; and A compression spring, which engages with the limiting bolt between the brake body and the brake bracket, applies force to the brake body in a direction away from the brake disc. 2. The elevator winch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compression spring is configured to be offset by a predetermined amount in the outer circumferential direction of the brake disc compared to the support shaft. 3. The elevator winch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Multiple support shafts are arranged parallel to each other within the brake bracket. 4. An elevator device comprising: A lifting body, which moves up and down within the building's elevator shaft; counterweight; The main sling suspends the lifting body and the counterweight; A winch, configured within the lifting channel or machine room, for winding the main sling; and The guide rail guides the lifting and lowering of the lifting body. Its features are, The winch has the following features: Frame; A ring-shaped stator is disposed within the frame; The main shaft, one end of which is fixed to the center of the stator; A pulley, which is rotatably mounted on the main shaft; The brake disc is integrally formed with the pulley. A ring-shaped rotor is integrally formed with the rope pulley; An electromagnetic brake device that uses a pair of brake shoes to brake the brake disc; and A brake bracket, fixed to the frame, supports the electromagnetic brake device. The electromagnetic brake device has a brake body for holding one brake shoe positioned closer to the frame than the brake surface of the brake disc, and an armature for holding the other brake shoe positioned closer to the pulley than the brake surface of the brake disc. The brake bracket has a C-shaped cross-section and a support shaft located on the frame side closer to the brake disc's brake surface. This support shaft supports the brake body, enabling it to move axially. The brake bracket is provided with: A limiting bolt, which penetrates the brake body and is fixed to the front end of the C-shaped section of the brake bracket, restricts the sliding range of the brake body in a direction away from the brake disc; and A compression spring, which engages with the limiting bolt between the brake body and the brake bracket, applies force to the brake body in a direction away from the brake disc.