HK1241949A1 - Drywall construction for resonance sound absorption - Google Patents

Description

Dry wall structure for resonance sound absorption

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a drywall structure for resonance sound absorption. Today, many different drywall structures are used to form walls and ceilings inside buildings.

Background

One specific example of a conventional drywall construction is a dividing wall. The dividing wall is formed of a substructure of gypsum boards in threaded connection. The closing layer formed by the fixed gypsum board is the basis for applying coating materials, wall colors, etc. The substructure is made of a plurality of drywall profiles, each profile aligned corresponding to the orientation of the finished wall.

A conventional drywall profile has a cross-section that includes a first flange portion and a second flange portion parallel thereto, the two flange portions being connected by a base to form a u-shape. The plurality of drywall profiles are arranged such that the first flange portion allows a first layer of gypsum board to be secured thereto and the second flange portion allows a second layer of gypsum board to be secured thereto, meaning that the flange portions are arranged in the same plane. The size of the base defines the distance between the attached two layers of plasterboards.

The gypsum board may thus be a single layer, double layer or multilayer gypsum board. It is sometimes preferable to add additional layers to increase the physical properties of the overall structure.

An example of high quality gypsum board is a well-tolerated (KNAUF) gypsum board, under the product name "diamond", which provides excellent overall quality. However, the meaning of the term "gypsum board" is to be understood very broadly, including gypsum boards having specific characteristics, such as fire resistance, etc. The term "gypsum board" is defined herein to include board-shaped building panels that can be applied to drywall substructure.

The acoustic effects within a room may be affected by the installation of certain drywall structures, such as sound-deadening walls or sound-deadening ceilings. The soundproof walls insulate the two rooms so that noise generated in one room is attenuated by the walls and thus is not sensed in the other room. The use of such sound-insulating walls provides a strong damping capacity compared to other wall types.

Indoor acoustics process sound characteristics in an enclosed space. Sound waves propagate in the enclosed space of a room and are reflected on walls, floors and ceilings. The acoustic effect of the room can be changed by attenuating the sound waves. Attenuation of the sound waves can be achieved in a number of ways, by damping, diffusion, reflection or absorption.

For example, in the drywall construction of acoustic ceilings, which is widely used, sound is attenuated by reflection. Sound waves propagating in the room enter the space behind the gypsum board through perforations formed in the gypsum board. In the space behind the gypsum board, the sound waves propagate and are reflected at the surface (e.g., the raw ceiling) and gradually disappear in the space between the gypsum board and the raw ceiling.

Sound attenuation is also commonly achieved by acoustic resonance sound absorption. The resonant sound absorber suppresses sound waves by reflection. An example of a resonant sound absorber is the plate resonator described in the prior art document DE 19506511. Plate resonators are used to suppress low frequency sounds in rooms, such as concert halls. A plate resonator basically consists of a thin front plate with low internal friction and a thick rear plate with high internal friction, which are firmly attached to each other.

A disadvantage of the plate resonator is that it requires a lot of space to be mounted on the surface of the wall. Another disadvantage is the visual appearance, since the panel resonator covers a large part of the wall and creates a very technical visual impression.

Another example of a resonant sound absorber is a helmholtz resonator. This technique has historically provided clay pots (clayjets) in churches to provide a resonant volume for improved acoustic performance. The helmholtz resonator couples sound waves into the volume of the resonating chamber through an opening in the resonating chamber. The frequency at which sound absorption is achieved is close to the resonance frequency of the helmholtz resonator, which is related to the size and shape of the volume of the resonance chamber and the size and shape of the opening through which sound enters the resonance chamber. The damping effect also occurs at frequencies that are multiples of the resonant frequency (1., 2.,. … order harmonics). Wherein the damping strength decreases with higher order increases of the resonance frequency.

Disclosure of Invention

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a drywall structure for resonant sound absorption which overcomes or at least reduces the problems associated with the prior art. Another object is to provide a drywall structure that is particularly capable of attenuating spectral sounds.

The above-mentioned problems are solved herein by a drywall structure for resonance sound absorption according to the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments form the subject matter of the respective dependent claims.

A drywall structure for resonant sound absorption in accordance with the present invention includes a plurality of drywall profiles and at least one layer of gypsum board secured thereto, the at least one layer of gypsum board having openings disposed therein. The drywall structure also includes a resonating chamber fluidly connected to the opening. The resonance chamber and the opening are sized and shaped such that at least one resonance frequency of the resonance chamber corresponds to at least one frequency of the sound to be absorbed.

The drywall structure attenuates sound propagating within the chamber that enters the resonating chamber through the opening. The size and shape of the resonance chamber is selected to attenuate sound having a predetermined frequency. In a particular example, the size and shape of the opening and the resonating chamber are selected accordingly. The frequency is predetermined, for example, in the case where sound of a predetermined frequency lower than 125Hz is attenuated, the size and shape may be selected by experiment or calculation.

Advantageously, the dimensions of the resonant chamber of the drywall structure are such thatWhere c is the speed of sound in air (i.e. 340m/s), s is the cross-sectional area of the opening, l is the thickness (depth), and f is the frequency being absorbed.

Preferably, the resonance chamber has a dimension V for sound attenuation at a frequency f <125Hz, wherein the opening has a dimension s of 0.01m × 0.1m and l of 0.025m (thickness of the bilayer). The dimensions of the resonance chamber in the wall may be 0.1m thick and 0.6m wide, wherein the height of the resonance chamber may be the height of the wall or a suitably small intersection (intersection).

In a particularly advantageous aspect, the sound attenuating element is arranged in the resonance chamber. In one example, the sound attenuating element is mineral wool or glass wool. The sound attenuating element changes the sound characteristics by reducing the peak intensity and by shifting the peak intensity to lower frequencies. The attenuating element may be any material that scatters the propagating acoustic wave in a manner that reduces the overall intensity of the acoustic wave.

According to a first alternative aspect of the invention, the drywall construction comprises a layer of plasterboard fixed to the drywall profiles. The resonance box is arranged on the side of the plasterboard fixed to the drywall profiles. It is therefore an advantage of the present invention that an in-frame or ceiling facing structure may be provided. For example, the facing frame may be a single layer of plasterboard attached to the drywall profiles, arranged to cover a brick wall.

According to a second alternative aspect of the invention, the drywall construction comprises two layers of plasterboards, a first layer of plasterboards being fixed to a first side of the drywall profiles, and a second layer of plasterboards being fixed to a second side of the drywall profiles, which is arranged opposite to the first side. The resonance chamber is arranged between two layers of gypsum boards. This allows the advantages of the invention to be provided in known dividing walls.

According to a third alternative aspect of the invention, the drywall structure comprises three layers of plasterboards, a first layer of plasterboards being fixed to a first side of the drywall profiles, and a second layer of plasterboards being fixed to a second side of the drywall profiles. The further plurality of drywall profiles is secured to one of the first or second layers of the three layers of gypsum board, and the third layer of the three layers of gypsum board is secured to the further plurality of drywall profiles. The resonance chamber is arranged between two layers of three gypsum boards: this aspect is preferred and provides the advantage of the present invention in that a strong two double stud drywall structure is provided.

Preferably, the further resonance chamber is arranged between two further layers, instead of between said two layers between which the resonance chamber is arranged, the further resonance chamber being in fluid connection with the further opening. The additional resonance chamber is used to change the frequency spectrum of the sound absorption frequency, and particularly the additional resonance chamber having a different volume from the resonance chamber has an advantage of enlarging the frequency spectrum of the sound absorption frequency.

Further, preferably, at least one of the at least one layer of gypsum board is a double layer gypsum board. The double layer gypsum board increases the quality of the gypsum board layer. The increase in the mass of the gypsum board layer in the dividing wall improves the damping effect.

According to one aspect, a resilient lining is provided between the double layers of gypsum board. The elastic backing, such as a sound barrier film, acoustically decouples the two gypsum boards forming the double layer, which are directly attached.

In another aspect, the resonance chamber includes an exterior wall made of gypsum board. At least one layer of gypsum board is at least a portion of the exterior wall. This allows the resonant chamber to be integrally disposed in a space formed in the drywall structure. One example is the space between two layers of plasterboards forming the outer lining of a dividing wall.

In an alternative aspect, the resonance chamber comprises a separate outer wall. The separate exterior wall may be gypsum board that does not form part of the drywall structure. In another example, the individual walls may be made of wood, metal, or the like.

Preferably, the partition outer wall has a box-like or cylindrical shape. A cylindrical shape may be used to form the tubular element. Maximum attenuation of sound can be achieved by a combination of chambers of different sizes and shapes. In one example, a tubular or box-like resonant chamber of a size and shape that can be used to attenuate standing space sound waves is (additionally) included in the drywall structure.

Advantageously, the separate outer wall has adjustable dimensions so as to be able to vary the volume of the resonance chamber. In the example of a tubular resonance chamber, the adjustable size may be achieved by a telescopic configuration, in which the two tubes are movable relative to each other to change the size and shape of the resonance chamber.

Preferably, the drywall structure further comprises a resilient element, such as a sound-insulating membrane, for acoustic decoupling of the profile and the plasterboard, the resilient element being arranged between the drywall profile and the first plasterboard attached to the drywall profile, i.e. the plasterboard in direct contact with the profile.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals designate similar features. The aspects shown in the figures can be connected to each other and combined in any technically possible manner.

Drawings

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a room having a drywall structure in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-section of a double column divider wall;

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-section of a single stud fixed to a brick wall facing the frame;

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-section of a single column divider wall;

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a double column divider wall having a resonating chamber and an additional resonating chamber;

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-section of a different double stud divider wall;

fig. 7 is a resonance chamber.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a room with a drywall structure 1 forming the walls of the room according to the invention. The illustrated drywall structure allows for resonant sound absorption and is particularly capable of attenuating sounds in the frequency spectrum below 125 Hz.

The wall is covered by a layer of plasterboard 21. The dashed lines show the dimensions of a resonance chamber (not shown) arranged behind the plasterboard. The examples illustrate resonant chambers of different sizes. Four openings 4 are formed in the upper end of the gypsum board, each opening 4 having a size of 1cm x 10cm and a depth of 2.4cm (corresponding to the thickness of the double-layered gypsum board).

Sound propagating in the room can enter the resonant cavity behind the plasterboard 21 through the opening 4. The drywall structure has a size ofPreferably for attenuating the frequency f<125Hz sound.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section of the double-column dividing wall 1 with the loudspeaker 12 arranged on the left-hand side, shown as a sound source.

The double-column division wall 1 comprises three layers of gypsum boards 21, 22 and 23, wherein the three layers of gypsum boards 21, 22 and 23 are fixed on a pair of columns 31 and 33; 32. 34, respectively. A pair of uprights 31, 33; 32. 34 are arranged in parallel in the wall thickness direction. The first layer of gypsum boards 21 is double-layered with an elastomeric lining 24, e.g., a sound barrier film, disposed between the gypsum boards. In the first layer 21, an opening 4 extends through the bilayer, which provides a passage for sound into the resonance chamber 41. The resonance chamber 41 includes an outer wall 412 made of gypsum board. The exterior wall 412 is formed by a first layer of gypsum board 21 and a second layer of gypsum board 22. The resonant chamber 41 is further bounded by adjacent drywall studs 31 and 32.

The sound characteristics are further improved by providing a sound attenuating element 6 in the resonance chamber 41 and by providing an elastic element 5 for acoustic decoupling, for example a sound-insulating membrane, between the profile and the gypsum board.

Fig. 3 shows a drywall construction 1 for use as a facing frame, wherein a layer of plasterboard 21 is fixed to the drywall profiles 31, 32. In this example, the resonance chamber 41 is provided on the side of the plasterboard 21 fixed to the drywall profiles 31, 32. The resonance chamber is a sound-insulating cavity formed between adjacent profiles 31, 32, a layer of plasterboard 21 and the wall 9 covered by the facing frame. As described herein, the size and shape of the cavity and opening may be selected according to the frequency to be attenuated.

Figure 4 shows another drywall construction which is a single column dividing wall comprising two layers of plasterboard 21, 22. The first layer of plasterboards is double-layered and is fixed to a first side of the drywall profiles 31, 32. A second layer of plasterboard is fixed to a second side of the drywall profiles 31, 32. In this example, the second layer is a single layer, but may be multiple layers. The resonance chamber 41 is arranged between the two layers of plasterboards 21, 22 so that sound can enter the resonance chamber 41 through the opening 4 to be attenuated therein. According to all embodiments of the invention, the size and shape of the resonance chamber and the opening are selected to attenuate a predetermined frequency. The frequency is preferably below 125 Hz.

Fig. 5, 6 and 7 show different embodiments of the resonance chamber. In fig. 5, the drywall structure includes an additional resonating chamber 43 that is in fluid contact with the resonating chamber 41 in the example shown. This means that the opening 42 of the further resonance chamber 43 is arranged in the resonance chamber 41. Fig. 6 shows a resonance chamber having a box-like separation outer wall 413, and fig. 7 shows a resonance chamber 41 having a tubular separation outer wall 413. In particular, the size and shape of the resonance chamber and the opening with the separate outer wall 413 can be easily selected to attenuate a predetermined frequency. The frequency is preferably below 125Hz, wherein the size and shape can be adjusted to allow adjustment of the frequency to be attenuated. In a tubular example, it may be a telescoping arrangement. Relative movement of the tubes can be used to change the volume of the resonance chamber.

Claims (14)

1. A drywall structure (1) for resonance sound absorption, the drywall structure (1) comprising a plurality of drywall profiles (31, 32, 33, 34) and at least one layer of plasterboard (21, 22, 23) fixed to the plurality of drywall profiles (31, 32, 33, 34), the at least one layer of plasterboard (21, 22, 23) having an opening (4) provided therein, the drywall structure (1) comprising a resonance chamber (41) in fluid connection with the opening (4), the resonance chamber (41) and the opening (4) being sized and shaped such that at least one resonance frequency of the resonance chamber corresponds to at least one frequency of sound to be absorbed.

2. Drywall structure (1) according to claim 1, wherein the resonance chamber (41) has dimensions such that

Wherein

c is the speed of sound in air,

s is the cross-sectional area of the opening (4),

l is the thickness of the opening (4),

f is the frequency absorbed.

3. Drywall structure (1) according to claim 2, wherein the resonance chamber (41) has a dimension V for sound attenuation of a frequency f <125Hz, wherein the opening (4) has a dimension s-0.01 m x 0.1m and l-0.025 m.

4. Drywall structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a sound-attenuating element (6) is arranged in the resonance chamber (41).

5. Drywall structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, the drywall structure (1) comprising a layer of plasterboard (21) fixed to the drywall profiles (31, 32), wherein the resonance chamber (41) is provided at the side of the plasterboard (21) fixed to the drywall profiles (31, 32).

6. A drywall structure (1) according to claims 1 to 4, the drywall structure (1) comprising two layers of plasterboards (21, 22), wherein a first layer of plasterboards is fixed to a first side of the drywall profiles (31, 32) and a second layer of plasterboards is fixed to a second side of the drywall profiles (31, 32) arranged opposite to the first side, and wherein the resonance box (41) is arranged between the two layers of plasterboards (21, 22).

7. A drywall structure (1) according to claims 1 to 4, the drywall structure (1) comprising three layers of plasterboards (21, 22, 23), wherein a first layer of plasterboards is fixed to a first side of the drywall profiles (31, 32) and a second layer of plasterboards is fixed to a second side of the drywall profiles (31, 32), wherein a further plurality of drywall profiles (33, 34) is fixed to one of the first or second layers of the three layers of plasterboards (21), a third layer of the three layers of plasterboards (21) is fixed to the further plurality of drywall profiles (33, 34), and wherein the resonance chamber (41) is provided between two of the three layers of plasterboards (21).

8. Drywall structure (1) according to claim 7, wherein a further resonance chamber (43) is provided between two other layers than between two layers between which the resonance chamber (41) is provided, which further resonance chamber (43) is in fluid connection with a further opening (42).

9. Drywall structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the at least one layer of plasterboard (21, 23) is a double layer of plasterboard.

10. Drywall construction (1) according to claim 9, further comprising an elastic lining (24), which elastic lining (24) is arranged between the double layers of plasterboards (21, 23).

11. Drywall structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the resonance box (41) comprises an outer wall (412) of plasterboard, and wherein the at least one layer of plasterboard (21, 22, 23) is at least part of the outer wall (412).

12. Drywall structure (1) according to claims 1 to 11, wherein the resonance box (4) comprises a separate outer wall (413).

13. Drywall structure (1) according to claim 12, wherein the individual outer walls (413) have a box-like or cylindrical shape.

14. Drywall structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a resilient element (5), the resilient element (5) being used for acoustic decoupling of the profile and the plasterboard, the resilient element (5) being arranged between the drywall profile (31, 32, 33, 34) and a plasterboard layer (21, 22, 23) fixed to the drywall profile (31, 32, 33, 34).