HK1241764B - Anticancer compositions - Google Patents
Anticancer compositions Download PDFInfo
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- HK1241764B HK1241764B HK18101496.7A HK18101496A HK1241764B HK 1241764 B HK1241764 B HK 1241764B HK 18101496 A HK18101496 A HK 18101496A HK 1241764 B HK1241764 B HK 1241764B
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Description
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical formulation ARN-509 which can be administered to a mammal, in particular a human, suffering from an Androgen Receptor (AR) -related disease or condition, in particular a cancer, more particularly a prostate cancer, including but not limited to castration-resistant prostate cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, biochemical relapsing hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, or a high risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. In one aspect, these formulations comprise a solid dispersion of ARN-509 and HPMCAS. In one aspect, the solid dispersion of ARN-509 and HPMCAS is obtainable, in particular obtainable, by: melt extruding a mixture comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS and optionally subsequently milling the melt extruded mixture. In one aspect, the solid dispersion of ARN-509 and HPMCAS is obtainable, in particular obtainable, by: spray drying comprises a mixture of ARN-509 and HPMCAS dissolved in a suitable solvent.
The solid dispersion of ARN-509 and HPMCAS may also be formulated with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier into a pharmaceutical formulation which provides improved stability or improved shelf life. The use of the preparation of the present invention can reduce the burden of taking medicines for patients, particularly cancer patients, and thus can improve treatment compliance and treatment efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1: x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of ARN-509B.
FIG. 2: infrared spectrum of ARN-509B type.
FIG. 3: differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) curve of ARN-509B.
Detailed Description
ARN-509 is a potent and specific antagonist of the Androgen Receptor (AR). The mechanism of action of ARN-509 is to antagonize androgen receptor signaling by inhibiting AR nuclear translocation and DNA binding to androgen responsive elements.
The actions of androgens and androgen receptors are associated with a number of diseases or conditions, such as androgen-dependent cancer, virilization in women, acne, and the like. Compounds that attenuate the effects of androgens with androgen receptors and/or reduce androgen receptor concentrations are useful in the treatment of diseases or conditions in which androgen receptors play a role.
AR-related diseases or conditions include, but are not limited to, benign prostatic hyperplasia, hirsutism, acne, adenomas and tumors of the prostate, benign or malignant tumor cells containing androgen receptors, hypertrichosis, seborrheic dermatitis, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, androgenic alopecia, hypogonadism, osteoporosis, suppression of spermatogenesis, libido, cachexia, anorexia, androgen supplementation for age-related decreased testosterone levels, prostate cancer, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, uterine cancer, hot flashes, kennedy's disease, muscle weakness and atrophy, skin atrophy, osteoporosis, anemia, arteriosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, energy loss, health loss, type 2 diabetes, and abdominal fat deposition. In view of the central role of AR in prostate carcinogenesis and progression, ARN-509 can be used in the treatment of cancer, particularly prostate cancer, including but not limited to castration-resistant prostate cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, biochemically relapsed hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, or high-risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
The chemical structure of ARN-509 is:
ARN-509 or 4- [7- (6-cyano-5-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl) -8-oxo-6-thioxo-5, 7-diazaspiro [3.4] oct-5-yl ] -2-fluoro-N-methylbenzamide is currently in clinical development for use as a non-aqueous, lipid-based solution filled into soft capsules containing 30mg ARN-509 per soft capsule. The daily oral dose under study is 240 mg/day (or 8 soft capsules). It has been found that in use, the shelf life of soft capsules containing ARN-509 is only 6 months and cold chain storage is required.
One aspect of the present invention relates to pharmaceutical formulations, in particular to solid pharmaceutical formulations, more particularly to solid pharmaceutical formulations for oral administration of ARN-509, wherein these formulations have improved stability, longer shelf life, or impose less burden on patients, in particular cancer patients, to take the drug. The pharmaceutical formulations of the present invention provide a means to increase treatment compliance and treatment efficiency.
One aspect of the invention is a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS.
HPMCAS or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (CAS number 71138-97-1) is a mixture of the acetate and monosuccinate of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (IUPAC name: cellulose-2-hydroxypropyl methyl ether hydrogen esterified with acetate succinate) and the ester of monosuccinic acid. The different grades can be distinguished according to degree of substitution/substitution (acetyl content, succinyl content) and particle size (micronised and granulated). In one aspect of the invention, the HPMCAS present in the dispersion with ARN-509 is HPMCAS LG (particle grade) or HPMCAS LF (micropowder grade) (Shin-Etsu Chemical co., Ltd)), specifically HPMCAS LG.
One aspect of the invention is a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG.
One aspect of the invention is a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF.
One aspect of the invention is a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS.
One aspect of the invention is a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG.
One aspect of the invention is a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF.
The preferred grade of HPMCAS in the solid dispersion of the invention is HPMCAS LG because of its better and safer handling properties.
In one aspect of the invention, the weight ratio of ARN-509: HPMCAS in the solid dispersion as described herein is in the range of 1:1 to 1:10, preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:5, more preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:3, or in the range of 1:2 to 1: 3. In one aspect of the invention, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS is 1: 2. In one aspect of the invention, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS is 1: 3. In one aspect of the invention, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1: 2. In one aspect of the invention, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1: 3. In one aspect of the invention, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LF is 1: 2. In one aspect of the invention, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LF is 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle consisting of a solid dispersion as described herein.
One aspect of the invention is a particle consisting of a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle consisting of a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle consisting of a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509: HPMCAS LF is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle consisting of a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle consisting of a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle consisting of a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LF is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle comprising a solid dispersion as described above.
One aspect of the invention is a particle comprising a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle comprising a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle comprising a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LF is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle comprising a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle comprising a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a particle comprising a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF, in particular wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509: HPMCAS LF is 1:2 or 1: 3.
In one aspect of the invention, the particles as described herein are obtainable, in particular obtainable, by: melt extruding a mixture comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS and subsequently milling the melt extruded mixture. In one aspect, a particle as described herein may be obtained, in particular by: melt-extruding a mixture consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS and subsequently milling the melt-extruded mixture. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS is 1:2 or 1: 3.
In one aspect of the invention, the particles as described herein are obtainable, in particular obtainable, by: melt extruding a mixture comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG and subsequently milling the melt extruded mixture. In one aspect, a particle as described herein may be obtained, in particular by: melt extruding a mixture consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG and subsequently milling the melt extruded mixture. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1:2 or 1: 3.
In one aspect of the invention, the particles as described herein are obtainable, in particular obtainable, by: melt extruding a mixture comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF and subsequently milling the melt extruded mixture. In one aspect, a particle as described herein may be obtained, in particular by: melt extruding a mixture consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF and subsequently milling the melt extruded mixture. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LF is 1:2 or 1: 3.
In one aspect of the invention, the particles as described herein are obtainable, in particular obtainable, by: spray drying comprises a mixture of ARN-509 and HPMCAS dissolved in a suitable solvent. In one aspect, a particle as described herein may be obtained, in particular by: spray drying a mixture consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS dissolved in a suitable solvent. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS is 1:2 or 1: 3.
In one aspect of the invention, the particles as described herein are obtainable, in particular obtainable, by: spray drying a mixture comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG dissolved in a suitable solvent. In one aspect, a particle as described herein may be obtained, in particular by: spray drying a mixture consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG dissolved in a suitable solvent. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1:2 or 1: 3.
In one aspect of the invention, the particles as described herein are obtainable, in particular obtainable, by: spray drying a mixture comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF dissolved in a suitable solvent. In one aspect, a particle as described herein may be obtained, in particular by: spray drying a mixture consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF dissolved in a suitable solvent. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LF is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a solid dispersion as described herein.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles as described herein.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS. One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG. One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF. One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LF is 1:2 or 1: 3.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles comprising a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS. One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles comprising a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS is 1:2 or 1: 3. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by spray-drying as described herein. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by melt extrusion as described herein.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles consisting of a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS. One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles consisting of a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by spray-drying as described herein. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by melt extrusion as described herein.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles comprising a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG. One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles comprising a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1:2 or 1: 3. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by spray-drying as described herein. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by melt extrusion as described herein.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles comprising a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF. One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles comprising a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LF is 1:2 or 1: 3. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by spray-drying as described herein. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by melt extrusion as described herein.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles consisting of a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG. One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles consisting of a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LG. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LG is 1:2 or 1: 3. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by spray-drying as described herein. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by melt extrusion as described herein.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles consisting of a solid dispersion comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF. One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and particles consisting of a solid dispersion consisting of ARN-509 and HPMCAS LF. In one aspect, the weight ratio of ARN-509 to HPMCAS LF is 1:2 or 1: 3. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by spray-drying as described herein. In one aspect, the particles are obtainable, in particular obtained, by melt extrusion as described herein.
One aspect of the present invention is a solid dispersion as described herein, in which no surfactant is present.
One aspect of the present invention is a particle as described herein, in which no surfactant is present.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation as described herein, in which no surfactant is present in the pharmaceutical formulation.
One aspect of the present invention is a solid dispersion as described herein in which ARN-509 is the sole active pharmaceutical ingredient.
One aspect of the invention is a particle as described herein in which ARN-509 is the sole active pharmaceutical ingredient.
One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation as described herein in which ARN-509 is the sole active pharmaceutical ingredient.
In the solid dispersion or granules or pharmaceutical formulation as described herein, ARN-509 is present in base form or as a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, in particular as a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt. Preferably, ARN-509 is present in base form.
Pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts are meant to comprise non-toxic salt forms having therapeutic activity. Acid addition salt forms may be obtained by treating ARN-509 in base form with a suitable acid, such as a mineral or organic acid, including but not limited to: hydrohalic acids such as acids like hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, etc.; sulfuric acid; nitric acid; phosphoric acid; acids such as metaphosphoric acid; organic acids include, but are not limited to: acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trimethylacetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, 2-hydroxypropionic acid, 2-oxopropionic acid, glycolic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, tartaric acid, 2-hydroxy-1, 2, 3-propanetriacid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1, 2-ethanedisulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethylsulfonic acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, hydrocinnamic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, cyclamic acid, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentylpropionic acid, 3- (4-hydroxybenzoyl) benzoic acid, 4-methylbicyclo- [2.2.2] oct-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid, Glucoheptonic acid, tert-butyl acetic acid, lauryl sulfuric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, stearic acid, muconic acid, butyric acid, phenylacetic acid, phenylbutyric acid, valproic acid, and the like.
Instead, the salt form may be converted to the free base form by treatment with a suitable base.
Also included are the hydrates, solvent addition forms, and mixtures thereof, which ARN-509 and its salts are capable of forming. Examples of such forms are, for example, hydrates, alcoholates and the like, such as ethanolates.
Generally, the dosage for adult treatment will generally be in the range of 0.01mg to 5000mg per day. In one aspect, the dose for adult human treatment is from about 1mg to about 1000mg per day. In another aspect, the dose for adult human treatment is from about 100mg to about 500mg per day. In another aspect, the dose for adult treatment is 240mg per day. As known to those skilled in the art, the exact dose and frequency of ARN-509 administration may depend on the particular condition being treated, the severity of the condition being treated, the age, weight and general physical condition of the particular patient, and other agents that the individual may be taking. Furthermore, it is clear that the daily amount can be decreased or increased based on the response of the subject receiving the treatment and/or based on the evaluation of the physician prescribing ARN-509. Thus, the dosages mentioned herein are for guidance only and are not intended to limit the scope or use of the invention in any way. In one aspect of the invention, the daily dose is suitably provided in a single dose or in divided doses administered simultaneously (or over a short period of time) or at appropriate intervals, e.g. two, three, four or more sub-doses per day. In one aspect of the invention, the daily dose is administered in 4 divided doses. In one aspect of the invention, the daily dose is administered in 4 divided doses administered simultaneously (or over a short period of time). In one aspect of the invention, the daily dose is administered in 3 divided doses. In one aspect of the invention, the daily dose is administered in 3 divided doses administered simultaneously (or over a short period of time). In one aspect of the invention, the daily dose is administered in 2 divided doses. In one aspect of the invention, the daily dose is administered in 2 divided doses administered simultaneously (or over a short period of time).
In one aspect of the invention, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises 240mg ARN-509.
In one aspect of the invention, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises 120mg ARN-509.
In one aspect of the invention, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises 60mg ARN-509.
In one aspect of the invention, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises 240mg ARN-509. The pharmaceutical formulation is administered once daily.
In one aspect of the invention, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises 120mg ARN-509. Both of the formulations are administered daily, preferably simultaneously (or within a short period of time).
In one aspect of the invention, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises 60mg ARN-509. Four of the formulations are administered daily, preferably simultaneously (or within a short period of time).
The formulations of the invention may also be used in combination with another anti-cancer agent, in particular with another anti-prostate cancer agent, more particularly with an androgen biosynthesis inhibitor (in particular abiraterone acetate) which inhibits 17 α -hydroxylase/C17, 20-lyase (CYP 17). The formulations of the present invention may also be combined with prednisone.
The invention therefore also relates to a combination of a pharmaceutical formulation according to the invention with another anti-cancer agent, in particular with another anti-prostate cancer agent, more in particular with an androgen biosynthesis inhibitor (in particular abiraterone acetate) which inhibits 17 α -hydroxylase/C17, 20-lyase (CYP 17).
The combination may also comprise prednisone.
The term "solid dispersion" refers to a system comprising at least two components in the solid state (as opposed to the liquid or gaseous state) wherein one component is more or less uniformly dispersed throughout the other component or components. When said dispersion of the components is such that the entire system is chemically and physically homogeneous or homogeneous, or consists of one phase as defined in thermodynamics, such a solid dispersion will be referred to herein as a "solid solution". Solid solutions are the preferred physical system because the components therein are generally readily bioavailable to the organism to which they are administered. This advantage can be explained by the fact that: the solid solution can easily form a liquid solution when contacted with a liquid medium such as gastric juice. The ease of dissolution may be attributed, at least in part, to the fact that: the energy required to dissolve the components from the solid solution is less than the energy required to dissolve the components from the crystalline or microcrystalline solid phase.
The term "solid dispersion" also includes dispersions that are less homogeneous overall than solid solutions. Such dispersions are chemically and physically homogeneous throughout or contain more than one phase. For example, the term "solid dispersion" also relates to such solid systems: comprising at least two components (a) and (b) and having a plurality of domains or small regions, wherein (a) amorphous, microcrystalline or crystalline, or (b) amorphous, microcrystalline or crystalline, or both, are more or less homogeneously dispersed in another phase comprising (b) or (a) or in a solid solution comprising (a) and (b). The domain refers to a region: it has some physical characteristics that are significantly different, smaller in size, and uniformly and randomly distributed throughout the system, compared to the overall size of the system.
Preferred are solid dispersions or particles as described herein wherein the ARN-509 is amorphous, as they have a substantially faster rate of dissolution than those solid dispersions or particles wherein part or all of the ARN-509 is in microcrystalline or crystalline form.
Alternatively, the solid dispersion may be in the form of a dispersion in which amorphous or microcrystalline ARN-509 or amorphous or microcrystalline HPMCAS is more or less homogeneously dispersed in a solid solution comprising ARN-509 and HPMCAS.
In one aspect of the invention, ARN-509 is present in amorphous form in a solid dispersion as described herein.
In one aspect of the invention, the solid dispersion as described herein is a solid solution.
Various techniques for preparing the solid dispersion of the present invention include melt extrusion (e.g., hot melt extrusion), spray drying, and solution evaporation, with spray drying being preferred, particularly among hot melt extrusion and spray drying.
The particles according to the invention can be prepared by first preparing a solid dispersion of the components and then optionally comminuting or grinding the dispersion.
The melt extrusion process comprises the steps of:
a) mixing the ARN-509 with the HPMCAS,
b) optionally blending an additive with the mixture thus obtained,
c) heating the blend thus obtained until a homogeneous melt is obtained,
d) forcing the melt thus obtained through one or more nozzles; and
e) the melt was cooled until solidification.
The term "melting" is intended not only to mean a change from the solid to the liquid state, but may also refer to a transition to the glassy or rubbery state, and in which one component of the mixture may be more or less embedded in the other component. In certain cases, one component will melt and the other component will dissolve in the melt to form a solution that upon cooling can form a solid solution with advantageous dissolution properties.
An important parameter for melt extrusion is the temperature at which the melt extruder operates. For the melt extrusion process of the present invention, the working temperature is preferably in the range between about 160 ℃ and about 190 ℃, more preferably in the range between about 160 ℃ and 175 ℃. The lower temperature limit is defined by the point at which ARN-509 is still molten during extrusion using a given set of extrusion conditions. When ARN-509 is not completely melted, the extrudate may not provide the desired bioavailability. When the viscosity of the mixture is too high, the melt extrusion process is difficult. At higher temperatures, the components may decompose to unacceptable levels. One skilled in the art will recognize the most appropriate temperature range to use.
Throughput is also important because decomposition may begin when the components remain in contact with the heating element for too long a period of time.
It will be appreciated that a person skilled in the art will be able to optimise the parameters of the melt extrusion process within the ranges given above. The operating temperature may also be determined by the type of extruder or the type of configuration within the extruder used. Most of the energy required to melt, mix and dissolve the components in the extruder may be provided by heating elements. However, the friction of the materials within the extruder may also provide a large amount of energy to the mixture and help form a homogeneous melt of the components.
Those skilled in the art will recognize the most suitable extruder for making the subject invention, such as, for example, a single screw, twin screw extruder, or multiple screw extruder.
Spray drying a mixture of the components dissolved in a suitable solvent also produces a solid dispersion of the components, or a solid dispersion comprising or consisting of the components, and may be a useful alternative to melt extrusion processes, particularly in those cases where the HPMCAS is not stable enough to withstand the extrusion conditions and where residual solvent can be effectively removed from the solid dispersion. Another possible preparation consists of the following steps: preparing a mixture of the components in a suitable solvent, pouring the mixture onto a large surface to form a film, and evaporating the solvent from the film.
Suitable solvents for spray drying may be any organic solvent in which ARN-509 and HPMCAS (in particular HPMCAS LG or HPMCAS LF) are readily miscible. In one aspect of the invention, the boiling point of the solvent is below the Tg (glass transition temperature) of the solid dispersion. In addition, the solvent should be relatively low in toxicity and be removed from the dispersion to acceptable levels according to international (drug registration) harmonization conference (ICH) guidelines. Removal of the solvent to this level may require a subsequent drying step, such as tray drying after the spray drying process. The solvent comprises: alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol and butanol, in particular methanol; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone; esters such as ethyl acetate and propyl acetate; and various other solvents such as acetonitrile, dichloromethane, toluene, and 1,1, 1-trichloroethane. Less volatile solvents such as dimethylacetamide or dimethylsulfoxide can also be used. In one aspect of the invention, the solvent suitable for spray drying is a mixture of solvents. In one aspect of the invention, the solvent used for spray drying is a mixture of alcohol and dichloromethane, in particular a mixture of methanol and dichloromethane, more in particular a 6:4(w: w) or 5:5(w/w), preferably 6:4(w: w) mixture of methanol and dichloromethane.
The particles as described herein have a d of about 1500 μm, about 1000 μm, about 500 μm, about 400 μm, about 250 μm, about 200 μm, about 150 μm, about 125 μm, about 100 μm, about 70 μm, about 65 μm, about 60 μm, about 55 μm, about 50 μm, about 45 μm, about 40 μm, about 35 μm, about 30 μm, about 25 μm, or about 20 μm50. The particles obtained by spray drying preferably have a d falling within the range of about 20 μm to about 100 μm50A value, specifically d falling within the range of about 20 μm to about 70 μm50Values, more specifically a d of about 20 μm, about 25 μm, about 30 μm, about 35 μm, about 40 μm, about 45 μm, about 50 μm, about 55 μm, about 60 μm, about 65 μm, or about 70 μm50The value is obtained.
As used herein, the term d50Have conventional meanings known to those skilled in the art, and can be measured by particle size measurement techniques known in the art, such as, for example, sedimentation field flow fractionation, photon correlation spectroscopy, laser diffraction, or disk centrifugation. D is mentioned herein50May be related to the volume distribution of the particles. In this case, "d of 50 μm50By "is meant that at least 50% by volume of the particles have a particle size of less than 50 μm. The same applies to the other particle sizes mentioned. In a similar manner, d50The particle size may be related to the weight distribution of the particles. In this case, "d of 50 μm50By "is meant that at least 50% by weight of the particles have a particle size of less than 50 μm. The same applies to the other particle sizes mentioned. Typically, the volume and weight distributions result in average particle size values that are the same or about the same.
Particle size can be an important factor in determining the speed of tableting, particularly in determining flowability and thus manufacturability of a particular dosage form or formulation on a large scale and the quality of the final product. For example, for capsules, the particle size may preferably be in the range of about 100 to about 1500 μm (d)50) (ii) a For tablets, the particle size is preferably less than 250 μm, more preferably less than 100 μm (d)50). Particles too small (a)<10-20 μm) typically results in sticking on the tablet punches and manufacturability issues.
The particles or solid dispersion as described herein may further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as, for example, plasticizers, flavoring agents, coloring agents, preservatives and the like. Especially in the case of preparation by hot melt extrusion, the excipients should not be heat sensitive, in other words, they should not exhibit any appreciable degradation or decomposition at the working temperature of the melt extruder.
Suitable plasticizers are pharmaceutically acceptable and include low molecular weight polyols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1, 2-butanediol, 2, 3-butanediol, styrene glycol; polyethylene glycols such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol; other polyethylene glycols having a molecular weight of less than 1,000 g/mol; polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of less than 200 g/mol; glycol ethers such as monopropylene glycol monoisopropyl ether; propylene glycol monoethyl ether; diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; ester plasticizers such as triethyl citrate, sorbitol lactate, ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, ethyl glycolate, allyl glycolate; and amines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine; triethylenetetramine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, and the like. Of these, low molecular weight polyethylene glycols, ethylene glycols, low molecular weight polypropylene glycols, especially propylene glycol, are preferred.
In one aspect of the invention, the particles or solid dispersions as described herein are free of plasticizers.
The solid dispersion or particles of the invention may be formulated into a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a therapeutically effective amount of ARN-509. Although pharmaceutical preparations for oral administration such as tablets and capsules are primarily envisaged, the solid dispersions or granules of the invention may also be used for the preparation of pharmaceutical preparations for rectal administration, for example. Preferred formulations are those suitable for oral administration, shaped into tablets. They may be prepared by conventional tableting techniques using conventional ingredients or excipients (pharmaceutically acceptable carriers) and using a conventional tableting press. In order to facilitate swallowing of such formulations by a mammal, it is advantageous to impart a suitable shape to the formulation, in particular a tablet. A film coating on the tablet may further contribute to the ease of swallowability of the tablet.
The formulations of the invention, in particular tablets, may contain one or more conventional excipients (pharmaceutically acceptable carriers) such as disintegrants, diluents, fillers, binders, buffers, lubricants, glidants, thickeners, sweeteners, flavoring agents and coloring agents. Some excipients may serve multiple purposes. Preferably, the formulation of the invention comprises a disintegrant, a diluent or filler, a lubricant and a glidant.
Suitable disintegrants are those having a large coefficient of expansion. Examples thereof are hydrophilic, insoluble or poorly water-soluble crosslinked polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (crospovidone) and croscarmellose sodium (croscarmellose sodium). The amount of disintegrant in the tablet according to the invention may conveniently be in the range of about 3% to about 15% (w/w), and preferably in the range of about 3% to 7%, in particular about 5% (w/w). Since disintegrants, by their nature, produce sustained release formulations when used in bulk, it is advantageous to dilute them with inert substances known as diluents or fillers.
Various materials may be used as diluents or fillers. Examples of diluents or fillers are lactose monohydrate, anhydrous lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, sorbitol, starch, cellulose (e.g. microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel)TM) Silicified microcrystalline cellulose), dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate or anhydrous, and others known in the art, and mixtures thereof (e.g., a spray-dried mixture of lactose monohydrate (75%) and microcrystalline cellulose (25%), which may be used as microclac @TM) Are commercially available. Preferred are microcrystalline cellulose and silicified microcrystalline cellulose. The amount of diluent or filler in the tablet may conveniently be in the range of from about 20% to about 70% (w/w), and preferably in the range of from about 55% to about 60% (w/w).
Lubricants and glidants may be used in the manufacture of certain dosage forms and will generally be used in the manufacture of tablets. Examples of lubricants and glidants are hydrogenated vegetable oils such as hydrogenated cottonseed oil, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, sodium lauryl sulfate, magnesium lauryl sulfate, colloidal silicon dioxide, colloidal anhydrous talc silica, mixtures thereof, and others known in the art. Lubricants of interest are magnesium stearate, and mixtures of magnesium stearate and colloidal silicon dioxide. A preferred lubricant is magnesium stearate. A preferred glidant is colloidal anhydrous silicon dioxide.
Glidants typically comprise 0.2% to 7.0%, specifically 0.5% to 1.5%, more specifically 1% to 1.5% (w/w) of the total tablet weight.
The lubricant typically comprises 0.2% to 7.0%, specifically 0.2% to 1%, more specifically 0.5% to 1% (w/w) of the total tablet weight.
Other excipients, such as colorants and pigments, may also be added to the formulations of the present invention. Colorants and pigments include titanium dioxide and dyes suitable for use in food products. Colorants are optional ingredients in the formulations of the present invention and, when used, may be present in an amount up to 3.5% based on the total tablet weight.
Flavoring agents are optional in the formulation and may be selected from synthetic flavor oils and flavoring aromatics or natural oils, extracts from plant leaves, flowers, fruits, and the like, and combinations thereof. These flavors may include cinnamon oil, oil of wintergreen, peppermint oil, bay oil, anise oil, eucalyptus, thyme oil. Also useful as flavoring agents are vanilla, citrus oil (including lemon, orange, grape, lime, and grapefruit), and fruit essence (including apple, banana, pear, peach, strawberry, raspberry, cherry, plum, pineapple, apricot, and so forth). The amount of flavoring agent may depend on a number of factors, including the desired organoleptic effect. Typically, the flavor will be present in an amount of about 0% to about 3% (w/w).
As is known in the art, the tablet blend may be dry granulated or wet granulated prior to tableting. The tableting process is standard per se and is readily practiced by forming tablets from the desired blend or mixture of ingredients into the appropriate shape using a conventional tableting machine.
The tablets of the invention may be further film coated, for example to improve taste, to provide ease of swallowing and an aesthetically elegant appearance. Many suitable polymeric film coating materials are known in the art. The preferred film coating material is Opadry II 85F210036 Green. Other suitable film-forming polymers may also be used herein, including hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), particularly HPMC 29105 mpa.s, and acrylate-methacrylate copolymers. In addition to the film-forming polymer, the film coating may also comprise a plasticizer (e.g., propylene glycol) and optionally a pigment (e.g., titanium dioxide). The film coating suspension may also contain talc as an anti-adherent. In the tablet according to the present invention, the film coating preferably represents about 3% (w/w) or less by weight of the total tablet weight.
Preferred formulations are those wherein the weight of the particles or solid dispersion as described herein ranges from 20% to 40%, specifically 30% to 40% of the total weight of the formulation.
The invention also relates to a process for preparing a solid dispersion as described herein comprising blending ARN-509 and HPMCAS and extruding the blend at a temperature in the range of from about 160 ℃ to about 190 ℃.
The invention also relates to a process for preparing a particle as described herein comprising blending ARN-509 and HPMCAS, extruding the blend at a temperature in the range of from about 160 ℃ to about 190 ℃, milling the extrudate, and optionally sieving the particle.
Suitable extruders which can be used are a Haake mini-extruder (Haake mini-extruder), a Leistritz 18mm extruder and a Leistritz 27mm extruder.
The invention also relates to a process for preparing a particle or solid dispersion as described herein, comprising mixing ARN-509 and HPMCAS in a suitable solvent, and spray drying the mixture. In one aspect, a suitable solvent is a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol. In one aspect, a suitable solvent is a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol, wherein the weight ratio of dichloromethane to methanol in the mixture is 4:6 or 5:5, with 4:6 being preferred.
The preferred crystalline form of ARN-509 for preparing solid dispersions or particles as described herein is form B, which is an anhydrous crystalline form (see below and with reference to WO2013/184681, which is incorporated herein by reference).
It is another object of the present invention to provide a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation as described herein, in particular in the form of a tablet or capsule, characterized in that a therapeutically effective amount of a solid dispersion or granulate as described herein is blended with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and the blend is compressed into tablets or the blend is filled into capsules.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to a solid dispersion or particle as described herein for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for administration, in particular oral administration, to a mammal, in particular a human, suffering from an Androgen Receptor (AR) -related disease or condition, in particular a cancer, more particularly a prostate cancer, including but not limited to castration-resistant prostate cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, biochemically relapsed hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, or high risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
The present invention also relates to the use of a solid dispersion or particle as described herein for the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation for administration, in particular oral administration, to a mammal, in particular a human, suffering from an Androgen Receptor (AR) -related disease or condition, in particular a cancer, more particularly a prostate cancer, including but not limited to castration-resistant prostate cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, biochemically relapsed hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, or high risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
The present invention also relates to a method of treating an Androgen Receptor (AR) -associated disease or condition, in particular cancer, more particularly prostate cancer, in a mammal, in particular a human, including but not limited to castration-resistant prostate cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, biochemically relapsed hormone-sensitive prostate cancer or high risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, comprising administering (in particular orally administering) to said mammal, in particular a human, an effective anticancer amount of a pharmaceutical formulation as described herein.
The present invention also relates to the use of a pharmaceutical formulation as specified herein for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of an Androgen Receptor (AR) -related disease or condition, in particular cancer, more particularly prostate cancer, including but not limited to castration-resistant prostate cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, biochemically relapsed hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, or high-risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Or alternatively, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical formulation as specified herein for use in the treatment of an Androgen Receptor (AR) -related disease or condition, in particular cancer, more particularly prostate cancer, including but not limited to castration-resistant prostate cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, biochemically relapsed hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, or high-risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical package suitable for commercial sale comprising a container, a pharmaceutical formulation as described herein, and associated packaging written material.
The term "about" as used herein in connection with a numerical value is intended to have its ordinary meaning in the context of the numerical value. If desired, the word "about" may be replaced by a value of. + -. 10% or. + -. 5% or. + -. 2% or. + -. 1%.
All documents cited herein are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention.
Example 1: ARN-509 form
For the preparation of different (crystalline) forms of ARN-509, reference is made to WO2013/184681, which is incorporated herein by reference. Different (crystalline or amorphous) forms of ARN-509 may be used to prepare solid dispersions, particles or formulations according to the present invention.
A preferred form of ARN-509 for preparing the solid dispersions, particles or formulations according to the invention is the ARN-509 type B, which is an anhydrous crystal. It is prepared by the following steps: ARN-509 type a (see WO2013/184681, including diffraction data) was suspended in USP water and the slurry was heated to 55 ± 5 ℃ and held at that temperature for at least 24 hours, then the slurry was cooled to 25 ± 5 ℃. The resulting slurry was filtered and the wet cake was washed once with USP water. The wet cake was unloaded from the filter and dried under vacuum to give ARN-509B form. Reference is also made to example 2 below.
Solubility of form a: 0.01mg/ml in water.
Solubility of form B: 0.004mg/ml in water.
Example 2
Characterization of ARN-509 type B
Powder XRD
X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) analysis was performed on a PANalytical (Philips) X' PertPRO MPD diffractometer. The instrument was equipped with a Cu LFF X-ray tube.
The compound was smeared onto a zero background sample holder.
Parameters of the instrument
Measurement conditions
The X-ray powder diffraction pattern of ARN-509B shows diffraction peaks without diffraction halos indicating the presence of the compound as a crystalline product. The XRD pattern of ARN-509B is shown in FIG. 1.
Infrared spectroscopy (microscopic ATR-IR)
Samples were analyzed using a suitable microscopic ATR accessory.
The spectrum of ARN-509 type B is shown in FIG. 2.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
The compounds were transferred to standard aluminum TA instruments (TA-Instrument) sample trays. The sample pan was closed with a suitable lid and the DSC curve was recorded on a TA-Instruments Q1000MTDSC equipped with an RCS cooling unit, using the following parameters:
initial temperature: 25 deg.C
Heating rate: 10 ℃/min
Final temperature: 250 deg.C
The DSC curve of ARN-509 type B shows that the product melts at 194.9 ℃ with a heat of fusion of 73J/g. See fig. 3.
Example 3.1: preparation of ARN-509 HPMCAS LG 1:3 solid Dispersion
aIs removed in the course of treatment
The dichloromethane and methanol were transferred to a suitable vessel and stirring was started. ARN-509 type B was added to the solvent mixture with continuous stirring and stirred until dissolved. HPMCAS is added to the solution and stirred overnight. A yellowish viscous turbid mixture was obtained. The mixture was filtered in-line through a GRID filter. Using a suitable spray dryer (e.g., Niro a/S PSD3 with high pressure nozzle), the mixture was spray dried using the following parameters: the feed flow rate was 75kg/h, the outlet temperature was 46 ℃ and the condenser temperature was-9 ℃.
The Spray Dried Product (SDP) is dried in a suitable dryer, e.g. a tray dryer, using vacuum, a nitrogen stream and a drying temperature of 40 ℃.
Example 3.2: preparation of tablets comprising ARN-509 HPMCAS 1:3 solid Dispersion
aPlant grade for 30,000 tablets
The SDP is sieved and mixed with a portion of colloidal anhydrous silica (10/13) using a suitable blender to form a homogeneous blend. A portion (1/2) of the croscarmellose sodium and microcrystalline cellulose (all) were sieved and then added to the blend and mixed using a suitable blender. The dry granules are prepared by using a suitable compaction technique, such as roller compaction. Silicified microcrystalline cellulose, the remaining croscarmellose sodium (1/2), and colloidal anhydrous silicon dioxide (3/13) were sieved, then added to the dry granules and mixed using a suitable blender. The magnesium stearate is sieved, added to the blend and mixed using a suitable blender.
The blend was compressed into tablets (containing 60mg of ARN 509) using a suitable tablet press.
Example 3.3: preparation of coated tablets
ARN-509(60mg) tablet (see example 3.2) 599.9g
OpadryII 85F210036Green 17.997g
Purified watera 71.988g
aRemoved during processing of 857 tablets per batch
The purified water is transferred to a suitable container. The coating powder is added and mixed with a suitable mixer. The core tablets are film coated with the coating suspension using a suitable coating machine.
Example 4.1: preparation of ARN-509 HPMCAS LF 1:2 solid Dispersion
ARN-509 333.33mg
HPMCAS LF 666.67mg
Acetone (II)a 19000mg
aIs removed in the course of treatment
(the reported amounts are for 1g SDP (spray dried product))
The acetone was transferred to a suitable vessel and the HPMCAS and ARN-509 type B were added. After mixing the ingredients using a suitable mixer, the mixture is spray dried using a suitable spray dryer (e.g., a Buchi mini spray dryer) with the following parameters: the spray rate is in the range of 6.2 to 6.7 grams/minute, the outlet temperature is in the range of 46 ℃ to 49 ℃, and the condenser temperature is in the range of-18 ℃ to-21 ℃.
The Spray Dried Product (SDP) is dried in a suitable dryer, e.g. a tray dryer, using vacuum, a nitrogen stream and a drying temperature of 40 ℃.
Example 4.2: preparation of tablets comprising ARN-509 HPMCAS 1:2 solid Dispersion
SDP, a portion of silicified microcrystalline cellulose (7110/9448), a portion of colloidal anhydrous silicon dioxide (10/13), and a portion of croscarmellose sodium (1/2) were sieved and mixed into a homogeneous blend using a suitable blender. The dry granules are prepared by using a suitable compaction technique. The remaining silicified microcrystalline cellulose (2338/9448), colloidal anhydrous silicon dioxide (3/13), and croscarmellose sodium (1/2) were sieved, then added to the dry granulation and further mixed using a suitable blender. The magnesium stearate is sieved, added to the blend, and further mixed using a suitable blender. The blend is compressed into tablets using a suitable tablet press.
Example 5.1: preparation of a solid Dispersion of ARN-509 HPMCASLF 1:3 by Hot Melt Extrusion (HME)
ARN-509 250mg
HPMCAS LF 750mg
(the reported amounts are for 1gHME product)
The HPMCAS and ARN-509B types were blended in a suitable vessel using a suitable blender. The hot melt extrusion was carried out in a Haake extruder in a flushing mode at a maximum temperature of 180 ℃ and a screw speed of 50 rpm. The hot molten extrudate is collected and ground in a suitable mill. The ground hot melt extrudate was sieved using a suitable sieve (250 μm).
Example 5.2: preparation ofTablet (HME) comprising a solid dispersion of ARN-509 HPMCAS LF 1:3
Silicified microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium and colloidal anhydrous silicon dioxide were sieved and mixed with a hot melt extrudate using a suitable blender to form a homogeneous blend. The magnesium stearate is sieved, added to the blend, and further mixed using a suitable blender. The blend was compressed into tablets using an eccentric tablet press.
Example 6.1: preparation of ARN-509 HPMCAS LF 1:3 solid Dispersion SDP
ARN-509 250.0mg
HPMCAS LF 750.0mg
Acetone (II)a 19000.0mg
aIs removed in the course of treatment
(the reported amounts are for 1g SDP (spray dried product))
The acetone was transferred to a suitable vessel and HPMCAS LF and ARN-509B were added. After mixing the ingredients using a suitable mixer, the mixture is spray dried using a suitable spray dryer (e.g., a Buchi mini spray dryer) with the following parameters: the spray rate is in the range of 5.9 to 6.6 grams/minute, the exit temperature is in the range of 46 ℃ to 49 ℃, and the condenser temperature is in the range of-15 ℃ to-21 ℃.
The Spray Dried Product (SDP) is dried in a suitable dryer, e.g. a tray dryer, using vacuum, a nitrogen stream and a drying temperature of 40 ℃.
Example 6.2: preparation of tablets comprising ARN-509 HPMCAS 1:3 solid Dispersion
SDP, a portion of silicified microcrystalline cellulose (2955/4124), a portion of colloidal anhydrous silicon dioxide (10/13), and a portion of croscarmellose sodium (1/2) were sieved and mixed into a homogeneous blend using a suitable blender. The dry granules are prepared by using a suitable compaction technique. The remaining silicified microcrystalline cellulose (1169/4124), colloidal anhydrous silicon dioxide (3/13), and croscarmellose sodium (1/2) were sieved, then added to the dry granulation and further mixed using a suitable blender. The magnesium stearate is sieved, added to the blend, and further mixed using a suitable mixer. The blend was compressed into tablets using an eccentric tablet press.
Bioavailability study
Test system
Species: mars beagle dog (Marshall dog)
The supplier: Italy/American Masi farm (Marshall farm, Italy/USA)
Sex and age: male (n-12), about 1-7 years old
Weight: 8 to 13kg at the beginning of the experimental period
Diet and water supply：
Continuous water supply
Administration: fasting was for about 21 hours before dosing until ± 2 hours after dosing.
Thereafter, the dogs were free to eat until late afternoon.
Test compounds and formulations
Preparation 1: 60mg tablet comprising SDP having a ratio of ARN-509 to HPMC AS-LF of 1/3
Preparation 2: 60mg tablet containing HME with ARN-509 to HPMC AS-LF ratio of 1/3
Preparation 3: non-aqueous, lipid-based solution for filling soft gelatin capsules, each containing 30mg of ARN-509
Blood collection and plasma preparation
Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein (2ml in EDTA). The blood samples were centrifuged within 1 hour of sampling and the plasma was stored in a freezer within 2 hours after the start of centrifugation.
Administration of the dose
Biological analysis
All study samples were analyzed using a qualified LC-MS/MS method. The samples were subjected to selective sample cleanup followed by HPLC-MS/MS.
HPLC separation was performed using achiral reverse phase liquid chromatography. Subsequent MS/MS analysis was performed in Multiplex Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, the analysis method being optimized for the compound. And quantifying the samples according to the drawn calibration curve to cover the concentration range of each research sample. The curve was plotted on the same matrix as the study sample. For each analysis batch, independent quality control samples prepared in the same matrix as the samples were analyzed together with the study samples and the calibration curve. All analysis batches were accepted according to the calibration curve and QC acceptance criteria in compliance with current FDA guidelines.
Data analysis
Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed on each plasma concentration-time curve using validated Phoenix software. Non-compartmental analysis using the linear up/log down trapezoidal rule was used for all data.
Results
Mean C of ARN-509 in Male beagle dogs after a single oral administration of the 3 formulationsmax、TmaxAUC and FrelThe values are as follows:
1) t of most animalslastIs 168 h;2)n＝3
preparation 1: HPMC AS-LF ratio 1/3(SDP)
Preparation 2: HPMC AS-LF ratio 1/3(HME)
Preparation 3: control soft capsule
Stability tests carried out on the powders of examples 3.1 and 5.1
The powder packed in LDPE/Alu bags was tested.
1. Appearance test
Visual inspection was performed on the powders of example 3.1 and example 5.1 stored under different storage conditions as shown in tables a1 and a2 below.
The results are reported in tables a1 and a2 below.
2. Water content
The water content was determined according to the United states Pharmacopeia/European Pharmacopeia using the gasified Coriolis coulometric Karl Fischer determination.
The powders of example 3.1 or example 5.1 are stored as indicated in tables a1 or a2 below.
About 50.00mg (± 5.00mg) of the sample was accurately weighed into the vial, and the vial was securely crimped to the closure.
The results are reported in tables a1 and a2 below.
The following instruments, reagents and solutions and parameters were used.
Instrument and method for operating the same
Coulometer: wantong 831KF coulometer (831KF Coulometermethohm)
Oven: wantong 774Sample heater (774Sample Oven Processmetrohm)
Generator electrodes: universal tape diaphragm Electrode 6.0344.100(Electrode with diapraghm Metrohm 6.0344.100)
An indicating electrode: wantong Double platinum wire electrode 6.0341.100(Double Pt-wire electrode Metrohm 6.0341.100)
Reagents and solutions
Anode liquid: hydranal coulommatag Oven (Fluka 34739)
And (3) catholyte: hydranal Coulomat CG (Fluka 34840)
Water standard: hydranal Water Standard 1.00(Hydranal Water Standard 1.00) (Fluka 34828)
Oven parameters
Carrier gas: n is a radical of2
Flow rate: the set value is 60mL/min
Read out minimum 20mL/min
Oven temperature: 120 deg.C
Coulomb counter parameter
Titration parameters
Extraction time: 60s
And (3) drift correction: automatic
Initial conditions
Pausing: 60s
Initial drift: maximum 12 mug/min
Conductance time OK: 10s
Stopping parameter
Relative drift: 5 mug/min
Alternative coulometric parameters may be used provided that the system suitability requirements are met
3. pXRD test for detection of crystalline ARN-509
The physical stability of the powders of example 3.1 and example 5.1 stored under different storage conditions was followed using powder X-ray diffraction. The XRD pattern of the powder was compared with that of the corresponding powder (amorphous product) measured at the time starting point.
The powder was placed on a zero background sample holder. The sample was subjected to X-ray measurement.
The results are reported in tables a1 and a2 below.
The following instruments and parameters were used.
Instrument and method for operating the same
Panalytical X' PertPRO MPD diffractometer PW3050/60
X-ray tube Cu LFF PW3373/10
A detector: x' Celerator
A sample stage: rotary table
Sample holder: zero background sample holder
Instrument set-up
The convolution rotation time: 1rps
Generator voltage: 45kV
The current of the generator is as follows: 40mA
Optical component in the path of an X-ray beam
Incident beam path：
Programmable divergence slit: the radiation length is 15mm
A soller slit: 0.04 rads
Beam mask: 15mm
Anti-scattering slit: 1 degree
Light beam knife +
Diffracted beam path：
Programmable anti-scatter slit: 1 degree
A soller slit: 0.04 rads
A filter: ni
Parameters of the instrument
Geometry: Bragg-Brentano (Bragg-Brentano)
Radiation: CuKa
Step length: 0.02 degree
Scanning range: 3 DEG 2 theta to 50 DEG 2 theta
Counting time per step: 60 seconds
Table a 1: test conditions and results for the powder of example 3.1 stored in LDPE/Alu bags-appearance and Water content
Amount and crystallinity results
aAnd (4) qualification: white to pale yellow, fine particulate powder
Table a 2: test conditions and results for the powder of example 5.1 stored in LDPE/Alu bags-appearance and Water content
Amount and crystallinity results
aAnd (4) qualification: white to light tan, fine granular powder
With respect to appearance, no significant stability related changes were observed during storage of the pharmaceutical product intermediate powder under different storage conditions.
With respect to water content, no significant stability related changes were observed during storage of the pharmaceutical product intermediate powder under different storage conditions.
With respect to crystallinity, no significant stability related changes were observed during storage of the drug product under different storage conditions.
Determination of the purity of the chromatographic separation of ARN-509
The concentration of ARN-509 and its degradation products in the powders of example 3.1 and example 5.1 stored under different storage conditions was determined by gradient reversed-phase UHPLC with UV detection.
The powders were stored as shown in tables b1 and b2 below.
About 240.00mg of powder was accurately weighed into a 250mL volumetric flask. About 125mL of acetonitrile was added to the dosage cylinder and the whole was mechanically shaken for 30 minutes and then diluted to volume with water until about 1cm below the mark. The whole was shaken vigorously by hand. The sample solution was allowed to equilibrate to ambient temperature and then diluted to volume with water. The volumetric flask was shaken manually immediately before filtration. The sample solution was filtered through a chemically resistant 0.2 μm filter. The first 3mL of filtrate was discarded into the waste vessel and not returned to the volumetric flask.
If the sample solution is stored in a refrigerator, the sample solution is stabilized for 4 days in the absence of light (in a closed cabinet).
The results are reported in tables b1 and b2 below.
The following solutions, instruments and parameters were used.
Mobile phase
Mobile phase A
10mM NH4Ac + 0.1% TFA/acetonitrile (90/10, v/v).
Mobile phase B
Acetonitrile
UHPLC identification conditions, assay and chromatographic purity
A chromatographic column: acquisty BEH C18, 150mm length x j2.1mm internal diameter, 1.7 μm particle size
Column temperature: 45 deg.C
Autosampler temperature: 5 deg.C
Flow rate: 0.40mL/min
And (3) detection: UV ═ UV
Wavelength: 268nm
Sample introduction volume: 3 μ L
Data collection time: 35 minutes
Analysis run time: 40 minutes
The linear gradient was programmed as shown in the table below.
Linear gradient program
| Time (min) | A (vol%) | B (vol%) |
| 0 | 100 | 0 |
| 35 | 30 | 70 |
| 36 | 100 | 0 |
| 40 | 100 | 0 |
Table b 1: test conditions and results for the powder of example 3.1 stored in LDPE/Alu bags-determination and degradation
Product results
Table b 2: powder of example 5.1 stored in LDPE/Alu bagsFinal test conditions and results-determination and degradation
Product results
No significant stability related changes were observed during storage of the pharmaceutical product intermediate powder under different storage conditions.
5. Water activity
Novasina a for water activitywAnd (5) measuring by using a water activity meter.
The powders of example 3.1 and example 5.1 were tested.
The results are reported in tables c1 and c2 below.
Table c 1: test conditions and results for the powder of example 3.1 stored in LDPE/Alu bags-Water Activity results
Table c 2: test conditions and results-Water Activity results for the powder of example 5.1 stored in LDPE/Alu bags
Stability testing of the tablets of example 3.3
The tablets stored in HDPE bottles containing desiccant (silica gel) were tested.
1. Appearance test
Visual inspection was performed on the tablets of example 3.3 stored under different storage conditions as shown in table 1 below.
The results are reported in table 1 below.
2. Water content
The water content was determined according to the United states Pharmacopeia/European Pharmacopeia using the gasified Coriolis coulometric Karl Fischer determination.
The tablets of example 3.3 were stored as shown in table 1 below.
The tablets were milled using a Retsch Mixer ball Mill (Retsch Mixer Mill). Immediately after milling, about 50.00mg (± 5.00mg) of the sample was accurately weighed into the vial, and the vial was securely press-fit with the closure.
The results are reported in table 1 below.
The following instruments, reagents and solutions and parameters were used.
Instrument and method for operating the same
Coulometer: wantong 831KF coulometer (831KF Coulometermethohm)
Oven: wantong 774Sample heater (774Sample Oven Processmetrohm)
Generator electrodes: universal tape diaphragm Electrode 6.0344.100(Electrode with diapraghm Metrohm 6.0344.100)
An indicating electrode: wantong Double platinum wire electrode 6.0341.100(Double Pt-wire electrode Metrohm 6.0341.100)
Reagents and solutions
Anode liquid: hydranal coulommatag Oven (Fluka 34739)
And (3) catholyte: hydranal Coulomat CG (Fluka 34840)
Water standard: hydranal Water Standard 1.00(Hydranal Water Standard 1.00) (Fluka 34828)
Oven parameters
Carrier gas: n is a radical of2
Flow rate: the set value is 60mL/min
Read out minimum 20mL/min
Oven temperature: 120 deg.C
Coulomb counter parameter
Titration parameters
Extraction time: 60s
And (3) drift correction: automatic
Initial conditions
Pausing: 60s
Initial drift: maximum 12 mug/min
Conductance time OK: 10s
Stopping parameter
Relative drift: 5 mug/min
Alternative coulometric parameters may be used provided that the system suitability requirements are met
Table 1: test conditions and knots for tablets of example 3.3 stored in HDPE bottles containing desiccant (silica gel)
Fruit-appearance and Water content results
aAnd (4) qualification: green rectangular tablet
Optical ICH: the total near ultraviolet energy is not less than 200 W.h/m2The total illumination is not less than 1200 klux.h
With respect to appearance, no significant stability related changes were observed during storage of the pharmaceutical product under different storage conditions.
A slight increase in water content was observed.
3. pXRD test for detection of crystalline ARN-509
The physical stability of the different tablets of example 3.3 stored under different storage conditions was followed using powder X-ray diffraction. The XRD pattern of the tablet was compared with that of the corresponding tablet (amorphous product) at the start of the timekeeping.
One tablet was lightly ground to a fine powder with a mortar and pestle. The powder was loaded into a 16mm sample holder using a back loading technique. The sample was subjected to X-ray measurement.
The results are reported in table 2 below.
The following instruments and parameters were used.
Instrument and method for operating the same
Philips X' PertPRO MPD diffractometer PW3050/60
X-ray tube Cu LFF PW3373/10
A detector: x' Celerator
A sample stage: rotary table
Sample holder: the diameter of the cavity is 16mm, and the depth of the cavity is 2.5mm
Instrument set-up
The convolution rotation time: 1rps
Generator voltage: 45kV
The current of the generator is as follows: 40mA
Optical component in the path of an X-ray beam
Incident beam path：
Programmable divergence slit: the radiation length is 10mm
A soller slit: 0.04 rads
Beam mask: 10mm
Anti-scattering slit: 1 degree
Light beam knife +
Diffracted beam path：
Programmable anti-scatter slit: 1 degree
A soller slit: 0.04 rads
A filter: ni
Parameters of the instrument
Geometry: Bragg-Brentano (Bragg-Brentano)
Radiation: CuKa
Step length: 0.02 degree
Scanning range: 3 DEG 2 theta to 50 DEG 2 theta
Counting time per step: 100 seconds
Table 2: test conditions and knots for tablets of example 3.3 stored in HDPE bottles containing desiccant (silica gel)
Fruit-degree of crystallinity results
Optical ICH: the total near ultraviolet energy is not less than 200 W.h/m2The total illumination is not less than 1200 klux.h
No significant stability related changes were observed during storage of the pharmaceutical product under different storage conditions.
Determination of the purity of the chromatographic separation of ARN-509
The concentration of ARN-509 and its degradation products in the tablets of example 3.3 stored under different storage conditions was determined by gradient reversed-phase UHPLC with UV detection.
The tablets were stored as shown in table 3 below.
Five tablets were accurately weighed. The average tablet weight was determined. The tablets are ground to a fine powder. An amount of homogeneous powder corresponding to the average tablet weight was accurately weighed into a 250mL volumetric flask. About 125mL of acetonitrile was added to the dosage cylinder and the whole was mechanically shaken for 30 minutes and then diluted to volume with water until about 1cm below the mark. The whole was shaken vigorously by hand. The sample solution was allowed to equilibrate to ambient temperature and then diluted to volume with water. The volumetric flask was shaken manually immediately before filtration. The sample solution was filtered through a chemically resistant 0.45 μm filter. The first 3mL of filtrate was discarded into the waste vessel and not returned to the volumetric flask.
If the sample solution is stored in a refrigerator, the sample solution is stabilized for 4 days in the absence of light (in a closed cabinet).
The results are reported in table 3 below.
The following solutions, instruments and parameters were used.
Mobile phase
Mobile phase A
10mM NH4Ac (aqueous ammonium acetate) + 0.1% TFA (trifluoroacetic acid)/acetonitrile (90/10, v/v).
Mobile phase B
Acetonitrile
UHPLC identification conditions, assay and chromatographic purity
A chromatographic column: acquisty BEH C18, 150mm length × 2.1mm inner diameter, 1.7 μm particle size
Column temperature: 45 deg.C
Autosampler temperature: 5 deg.C
Flow rate: 0.40mL/min
And (3) detection: UV ═ UV
Wavelength: 268nm
Sample introduction volume: 3 μ L
Data collection time: 35 minutes
Analysis run time: 40 minutes
The linear gradient was programmed as shown in the table below.
Linear gradient program
| Time (min) | A (vol%) | B (vol%) |
| 0 | 100 | 0 |
| 35 | 30 | 70 |
| 36 | 100 | 0 |
| 40 | 100 | 0 |
Table 3: test conditions and knots for tablets of example 3.3 stored in HDPE bottles containing desiccant (silica gel)
Fruit-determination and degradation product results
Optical ICH: the total near ultraviolet energy is not less than 200 W.h/m2The total illumination is not less than 1200 klux.h
No significant stability related changes were observed during storage of the pharmaceutical product under different storage conditions.
5. Dissolution rate
Dissolution tests were performed using a Paddle Apparatus (Paddle Apparatus) (USP type 2, european pharmacopoeia, japanese pharmacopoeia) at 75rpm in 900mL of a solution of 0.5% (w/v) cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in 0.05M sodium phosphate buffer pH 4.5.
Using a solid housingThe sampling is carried out on a sample with a diameter of 30mmThe sample was filtered through a 0.45 μm RC (regenerated cellulose) membrane filter.
The amount of ARN-509 present in the dissolution samples was determined based on the equal-scale ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (UHPLC) method.
The tablets of example 3.3 were tested stored under different storage conditions as shown in table 4 below.
The following instruments, reagents and solutions and parameters were used.
Instrument and method for operating the same
Dissolution apparatus: paddle type apparatus (USP type 2, european pharmacopoeia, japanese pharmacopoeia).
UHPLC instrument: waters Acquity H-Class with UV detector.
A data acquisition system: waters Empower.
Analytical balance: sensitivity to 0.01 g.
Analytical balance: sensitivity to 0.01 mg.
A pH meter: sensitivity to 0.01pH units.
A thermometer: sensitivity to 0.1 ℃.
Reagents and solutions
Reagent
Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, (CTAB): for analysis, 99.0% purity.
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate (NaH)2PO4.H2O): an ACS stage.
Trifluoroacetic acid: HPLC grade, 99.0% purity.
Acetonitrile: HPLC grade.
Mobile phase
Mobile phase A: aqueous 0.1% (v/v) TFA solution
Mobile phase B: acetonitrile
Step (ii) of
Dissolution parameters
Equipment: paddle type apparatus (USP type 2, european pharmacopoeia, japanese pharmacopoeia).
Vessel: 1-L grade.
Rotation speed: at 75 rpm.
Dissolution medium: 0.5% (w/v) CTAB in 0.05M phosphate buffer pH 4.5.
Volume of medium: 900 mL.
Degassing a medium: and need not be.
Medium replacement: and need not be.
Temperature: 37.0 +/-0.5 ℃.
A settling basket: no settling basket was used.
Sample introduction: transfer 1 tablet to each dissolution vessel.
Analytical finishing-UHPLC parameters
Condition
A chromatographic column: acquityCSH C18, 1.7 μm particle size, 2.1X 50mm inner diameter.
Column temperature: 60 +/-5 ℃.
Sample temperature: and (4) room temperature.
Flow rate: 0.6 mL/min.
And (3) detection: UV at 242 nm.
Sample introduction volume: 3 μ L.
Elution mode: and (5) isocratic degree.
Mobile phase: 50/50(v: v), 0.1% TFA in water acetonitrile.
Degassing is carried out using suitable means.
Run time (guide): 1.5 minutes.
Retention time (guide): about 0.7 minutes for ARN-509
Washing solvent: and (3) acetonitrile.
Needle washing liquid: and (3) acetonitrile.
Gasket washing solvent: 90/10(v: v), water acetonitrile.
Purging the solvent: 90/10(v: v), water acetonitrile.
Sampling rate: 20 points/sec, the filtration constant is normal.
Table 4: test conditions and knots for tablets of example 3.3 stored in HDPE bottles containing desiccant (silica gel)
Fruit-dissolution rate results
Optical ICH: the total near ultraviolet energy is not less than 200 W.h/m2The total illumination is not less than 1200 klux.h
No significant stability related changes were observed during storage of the pharmaceutical product under different storage conditions.
6. Water activity
Novasina a for water activitywAnd (5) measuring by using a water activity meter.
The tablets of example 3.3 were tested.
The results are reported in table 5 below.
Table 5: test conditions and knots for tablets of example 3.3 stored in HDPE bottles containing desiccant (silica gel)
fruit-Water Activity fruit
A slight decrease in water activity was observed after 12 months of storage under the test conditions.
7. Purity of microorganisms
The tablets of example 3.3 were tested for microbiological purity according to the united states pharmacopoeias <61> and <62> and the european pharmacopoeias 2.6.12 and 2.6.13.
The results are reported in table 6 below.
Table 6: test conditions and knots for tablets of example 3.3 stored in HDPE bottles containing desiccant (silica gel)
Fruit-microbial purity results
No significant stability related changes were observed during storage of the pharmaceutical product under different storage conditions.
It is within the knowledge of the skilled person to identify the same conditions, solutions, reagents, parameters and apparatus as described above. Identifying appropriate reference solutions, calculation methods, suitability tests are within the knowledge of the skilled person.
Claims (26)
1. A solid dispersion comprising(hereinafter ARN-509) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (hereinafter HPMCAS), wherein the weight ratio of ARN-509: HPMCAS in the solid dispersion is 1: 3.
2. The solid dispersion of claim 1, wherein the dispersion consists of ARN-509 and HPMCAS.
3. The solid dispersion of claim 1 or 2, wherein ARN-509 is present in amorphous form.
4. The solid dispersion of claim 1 or 2, wherein the dispersion is a solid solution.
5. The solid dispersion of claim 1 or 2, wherein the HPMCAS is a HPMCAS particle fraction.
6. The solid dispersion according to claim 1 or 2, obtainable by spray drying.
7. The solid dispersion of claim 1 or 2, obtainable by hot melt extrusion.
8. A particle consisting of a solid dispersion as defined in any one of the preceding claims.
9. A particle comprising a solid dispersion as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a solid dispersion according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
11. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a particle according to claim 8 or 9.
12. The formulation of claim 10 or 11, wherein the formulation comprises 60mg of ARN-509.
13. The formulation of claim 10 or 11, wherein the formulation comprises 120mg of ARN-509.
14. The formulation of claim 10 or 11, wherein the formulation comprises 240mg of ARN-509.
15. The formulation according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the weight of the solid dispersion is 20-40% of the total weight of the formulation.
16. The formulation of claim 10 or 11, wherein the formulation is a tablet.
17. The formulation of claim 16, which is suitable for oral administration.
18. A process for preparing the solid dispersion of claim 6, comprising the steps of: mixing ARN-509 and HPMCAS in a suitable solvent and spray drying the mixture.
19. The process of claim 18, wherein the suitable solvent is a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the weight to weight ratio of dichloromethane to methanol in the mixture is 4: 6.
21. Use of a pharmaceutical formulation according to any one of claims 10 to 17 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of prostate cancer.
22. The use of claim 21, wherein the medicament is for oral administration.
23. A combination of a pharmaceutical formulation according to any one of claims 10 to 17 and another anti-cancer agent.
24. The combination of claim 23, wherein the other anti-cancer agent is an androgen biosynthesis inhibitor.
25. The combination of claim 23, wherein the other anticancer agent is abiraterone acetate.
26. The combination according to any one of claims 23 to 25, further comprising prednisone.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14196594.7 | 2014-12-05 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| HK1241764A1 HK1241764A1 (en) | 2018-06-15 |
| HK1241764B true HK1241764B (en) | 2022-12-16 |
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