HK1137795B - Fluid control valve system and methods - Google Patents

Description

Fluid control valve system and method

Priority material and content incorporated by reference

This application claims benefit of priority from U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/862,305 filed on 20.10.2006 and U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/887,040 filed on 29.1.2007, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Background

Diaphragm-type fluid control valves are capable of providing controlled fluid separation and flow along a line, manifold, or other network of pipes. Generally, diaphragm valves include a flexible diaphragm member for controlling fluid flow between an inlet and an outlet of a valve body. More specifically, in known diaphragm valves, the diaphragm element engages a valve seat formed in the valve body to divide the internal chamber of the valve body into three portions: (i) an inlet chamber capable of receiving a source fluid, (ii) and an outlet chamber receiving fluid from the inlet chamber for discharge from the outlet, (iii) a diaphragm chamber capable of receiving a pressurized fluid to actuate and maintain the diaphragm element in the seated position. When the fluid pressure is released from the diaphragm chamber, the diaphragm element can be displaced from the seated position by the fluid pressure in the inlet chamber and fluid flow between the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber is permitted. Known diaphragm elements and diaphragm-type control valves are shown and described in european patent application No. EP 0928917, U.S. patent No. 6,095,484, and U.S. patent No. 7,059,578, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Another known diaphragm type valve is shown and described in Tyco fire and construction products company data table, TFP1305, entitled "deluge valve" model DV-5, diaphragm type, 1-1/2 to 8 inches (DN40 to DN200), 250psi (17.2 bar) mounted vertically or horizontally (3 months 2004), as described in U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/887,040.

One particular application where known diaphragm control valves are employed is in the control of fluid flow between a source of pressurised fluid, such as for example a water mains, and another volume of fluid, such as for example a network of pipes filled with air. When a diaphragm valve is used to separate two fluid volumes to be independently pressurized, a check valve is typically employed downstream of the diaphragm valve to form a seat that opposes the pressure of air or other fluid that may build up downstream of the valve. For example, dry preactive fire protection systems employ a standpipe check valve downstream of the diaphragm control valve to provide a seat that pressurizes a network of downstream piping and sprinklers with pressurized gas. Such pre-actuation system devices are shown by way of example in the following Tyco fire and construction products company datasheets, respectively, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and described in U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/887,040: (i) TFP 1420 "preaction system with DV-5 type deluge valve, single interlock, monitored-electronically actuated, 1-1/2 to 8 inches (DN40 to DN 200)" (9 months 2004), a standpipe check valve 16 is shown in fig. 1; (ii) TFP1415 "preaction system with DV-5 type deluge valve, single interlock, actuated by monitor-dry controller, 1-1/2 to 8 inches (DN40 to DN 200)" (9 months 2004), one standpipe check valve 17 is shown in fig. 1; (iii) TFP 1410 "preaction system with DV-5 type deluge valve, single interlock, monitor-wet controller actuation, 1-1/2 to 8 inches (DN40 to DN 200)" (9 months 2004), one standpipe check valve 14 is shown in fig. 1; (iv) TFP 1465 "preaction system with DV-5 type deluge valve, double interlock-electronic/electrical actuation, 1-1/2 to 8 inches (DN40 to DN 200)" (9 months 2004), a standpipe check valve 16 is shown in fig. 1; and (v) TFP 1460 "preaction system with DV-5 type deluge valve, double interlock-electronic/pneumatic actuation, 1-1/2 to 8 inches (DN40 to DN 200)" (9 months 2004), a standpipe check valve 16 is shown in fig. 1. The check valve effectively defines two pressures for the system between the control valve and the network of sprinklers: (i) a first pressure downstream of the check valve equivalent to the supervisory air pressure of the system; and (ii) a second pressure upstream of the valve between the control valve and the check valve, the second pressure being different from the first pressure. The second pressure is typically atmospheric pressure to provide a vent and/or an alarm port to comply with installation or operational requirements under one or more standards, such as, for example, Factory Mutual (FM) LLC published "approval standards: for automatic water control valve-classification number 1020 "(4 months 2007) (" FM standard 1020 ").

Summary of The Invention

In a preferred embodiment according to the invention, a fluid control valve is provided with an internal diaphragm member axially separating two chambers from each other with an intermediate chamber in between. In one aspect, the preferred control valve may be installed in a piping system, such as the pre-action fire protection system described above that does not require a check valve downstream of the control valve. In addition, the intermediate chamber of the preferred control valve can provide a vent port at atmospheric pressure and/or an alarm port. Thereby, the preferred control valve is capable of providing a single and preferably substantially constant pressure between the control valve and the sprinkler network. Preferably, one diaphragm chamber is adjacent each of the two axially separated chambers, the diaphragm chamber being for controlled operation of the diaphragm member. The preferred orientation of the diaphragm chamber relative to the axially spaced chambers enables the diaphragm chamber to seal the axially spaced chambers from each other with a diaphragm fluid pressure that is almost at a preferred ratio of 1: 1 and more preferably at a ratio of 1: 1.2, the fluid pressure being within either of the two axially spaced chambers. Furthermore, it is preferred that the control valve, diaphragm and orientation of the chambers provide a controlled seal between the axially spaced chambers that is able to compensate for fluctuations and surges in fluid pressure within either of the two axially separated chambers.

In another preferred embodiment, a diaphragm-type control valve is provided for separation and flow control between a first fluid volume at a first fluid pressure and a second fluid volume at a second fluid pressure. The preferred diaphragm control valve provides a chamber having a first sealing engagement for sealing the first fluid volume and a second sealing engagement for sealing the second fluid volume. The first sealing engagement is preferably spaced from the second sealing engagement so as to define an intermediate chamber therebetween. More preferably, the intermediate chamber is exposed to atmosphere, thereby defining an alarm port for detecting a defect in the first sealing engagement or the second sealing engagement. Accordingly, a preferred embodiment of a fluid control valve includes a valve body having a first inner surface defining a chamber having a first axis and a second axis substantially perpendicular to the first axis. The chamber further includes an inlet and an outlet in communication with the chamber and substantially aligned along the first axis. The inner surface also preferably includes an elongated valve seat member substantially aligned along the second axis and preferably defining a groove. A portion of the body further preferably defines a port in communication with the slot. The preferred control valve also includes a diaphragm member disposed within the chamber for controlling communication between the inlet and outlet. The diaphragm member has an upper surface and a lower surface. The lower surface preferably includes a pair of spaced apart elongated members defining a channel therebetween. The diaphragm member preferably has a first position that allows flow between the inlet and outlet and at least a second position in which the elongate members are sealingly engaged with the valve seat member such that the passageway is in communication with the groove and the port.

In a preferred embodiment of the diaphragm member, the diaphragm member defines a central axis that is substantially perpendicular to the first and second axes. Further, each elongate member includes an angled surface extending from the lower surface of the septum member to define a surface of the channel and terminating at an apex. Accordingly, the elongate members preferably define a substantially triangular cross-section.

In a preferred embodiment of the valve body, the valve seat member defines a substantially flat surface extending along an arc length in its elongated direction. In addition, the valve body further includes a first support member and a second support member disposed about and engaged with the valve seat member. Preferably, the first support member and the second support member are integrally formed with the valve seat member.

In another preferred embodiment of the valve body, the valve body defines a central axis substantially perpendicular to the first and second axes, and the port is preferably substantially aligned with the central axis. The port further preferably has a first portion having a first width opening and a second portion axially aligned with the first portion and having a second width opening having a width less than the first width opening. More preferably, the first portion and the second portion are substantially cylindrical, each having a central axis, the central axis of the first portion being spaced from the central axis of the second portion. Further, the second width is defined along the first axis, and the second portion defines a third width along the second axis that is greater than the second width. Further, the port preferably defines a substantially elongate oval cross-section.

In another preferred embodiment, a valve is provided that includes a body having an inlet, an outlet, and an inner surface defining a passageway between the inlet and the outlet. The body further includes an atmospheric port in communication with the passageway and located between the inlet and the outlet. In addition, the valve includes a flexible member engaged with the inner surface to bisect the passageway, defining an inlet chamber in communication with the inlet, an outlet chamber in communication with the outlet, and an intermediate chamber in communication with the port. Preferably, the port includes a first portion defining a first width and a second portion axially aligned with the first portion and defining a second width, wherein further the first width is greater than the second width.

Another preferred embodiment provides a method in which a fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet chamber within a fluid control valve having a diaphragm member between the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber are pressurized. The method preferably includes sealing the diaphragm to form a first fluid chamber axially separated from the second fluid source chamber, and exposing a portion of the diaphragm between the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber to atmospheric pressure to form an air seat.

Another preferred embodiment provides a fire protection system having a primary fluid, a secondary fluid, a closed sprinkler piping network, and a fluid control valve. The control valve includes a body having an inlet connected with the primary fluid, an outlet connected with the piping network, and an inner surface defining a passageway between the inlet and the outlet, and a flexible member engaged with the inner surface. The flexible member divides the passageway to define an inlet chamber in communication with the inlet for containing a primary fluid at a first pressure and an outlet chamber in communication with the network of pipes to form a generally closed system for containing a secondary fluid at a second pressure. The second pressure is preferably substantially constant between the outlet chamber and the network of pipes and is greater than atmospheric pressure.

Accordingly, the different preferred embodiments of the control valve, preferably hydraulically operated, its diaphragm and method of use can provide one or more of the following features: a design that employs a minimum number of moving parts to reduce wear, a structure that facilitates ease of assembly and serviceability, and reliable performance. Furthermore, these preferred embodiments provide a piping system, and more precisely a fire protection system, such as a preaction system and a non-preaction system (deluge system). In the case of a preaction system, the preferred control valve is capable of minimizing the number of components required for a complete system that preferably meets applicable installation and operating standards and requirements by integrating the following functions within a single valve: (i) a controlled seal between a "wet" region of the system and a "dry" region of the system; and (ii) providing a surveillance zone, preferably exposed to the atmosphere, between which the valve and/or system operation can provide a visual and/or audible indication.

Brief description of the drawings

The following drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with the general description given above and the detailed description given below, serve to explain these features of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred control valve.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the control valve of fig. 1.

Fig. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the control valve of fig. 1.

Fig. 2B is a plan view of the control valve of fig. 1.

FIG. 2C is a detailed view of a preferred threaded bolt assembly for the control valve of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3A is a plan view of the upper surface of a preferred diaphragm for use with the control valve of FIG. 1.

Figure 3B is a plan view of the lower surface of the septum of figure 3.

Fig. 3C is a cross-sectional view of the diaphragm along axis IIIC-IIIC in fig. 3B.

Fig. 3D is another cross-sectional view of the diaphragm along axis IIIC-IIIC in fig. 3B.

Fig. 4A is a plan view of the lower valve body of the control valve of fig. 1.

Fig. 4B is a detailed cross-sectional view of the lower valve body of fig. 4A.

Fig. 4C is a cross-sectional view of the lower valve body along axis IVC-IVC in fig. 4A.

FIG. 4D is another cross-sectional view of the lower valve body taken along axis IVD-IVD in FIG. 4A.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram in cross-sectional perspective of the control valve of FIG. 1 installed in a preferred conduit manifold.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another preferred installation of the control valve of FIG. 1.

Detailed Description

An illustrative embodiment of a preferred control valve 10 is shown in FIG. 1. The valve 10 includes a valve body 12 through which fluid can flow in a controlled manner. More specifically, the control valve 10 provides a diaphragm-type hydraulic control valve that preferably controls a first fluid volume (e.g., water mains) having a first fluid pressure using the release and mixing of a second fluid volume (e.g., compressed gas contained within a piping network) at a second fluid pressure. Accordingly, the control valve 10 is capable of providing fluid control between multiple fluids or different media containing fluids, gases, or combinations thereof.

The control valve 10 is preferably configured to be mounted within a piping manifold or other piping assembly to separate and control the flow of fluid between the first fluid volume and the second fluid volume. The control valve 10 includes a valve body 12, which is preferably constructed in two parts: (i) an end cap portion 12a and (ii) a lower body portion 12 b. The "lower body" is used herein as a reference object for a portion of the valve body 12 that is connected to the end cap portion 12a when the control valve has been fully assembled. Preferably, the valve body 12 and (more specifically) the lower body portion 12b includes an inlet 14 and an outlet 16. The inlet and outlet ports 14, 16 of the body 12 each include a suitable end adapted for connection to the manifold. Thus, the inlet 14 preferably includes a flanged end for connection to a first fluid source line (e.g., a water main), and the outlet 16 also preferably includes a flanged end for connection to another pipe fitting (e.g., a drain pipe) that is connected to an interconnected network of pipes. The control valve 10 may be mounted in a horizontal orientation such that fluid entering the inlet 14 at one elevation exits the outlet 16 at the same elevation, or alternatively, the control valve may be mounted in a vertical orientation such that fluid entering the inlet at one elevation exits the outlet at a different elevation.

The inlet 14, outlet 16, and valve body 12 can be sized to provide a range of nominal valve sizes for connection to corresponding conduit sizes. Preferably, inlet 14, outlet 16, and valve body 12 define nominal valve sizes of 1 inch and greater, and more specifically nominal valve sizes of 1-1/2 inches, 2 inches, 3 inches, 4 inches, 6 inches, and 8 inches, although other nominal valve sizes can be provided. Preferably, the structure of the valve 12, end cap 12a and lower valve body 12b are cast and machined separately to provide the preferred openings and surface treatments, such as threaded openings. However, other processes for construction and fabrication may be used. Valve body 12 is preferably cast from ductile iron, although other materials may be used, provided they are suitable for a given fluid flow application.

The valve body 12 also includes a vent 18 for diverting the first fluid entering the valve 10 out of the valve body through the inlet 14. The valve body 12 further preferably includes an inlet opening 20 for introducing a second fluid into the body 12 for discharge from the outlet 16. An exemplary closure 12a is shown and described in U.S. patent nos. 6,095,484 and 7,059,578, as well as a lower body 12b with an inlet 14, an outlet 16, a fluid discharge 18, and an inlet opening 20. However, unlike the valves shown and described in U.S. patent nos. 6,095,484 and 7,059,578, the preferred diaphragm control valve 10 further includes a valve body 12 with a port 22. The inventors have found that a port 22 included in the valve body 12 can provide a means for an alarm system to monitor the valve for any undesired fluid communication from and/or between the inlet 14 and outlet 16. For example, the port 22 can be used to provide an alarm port to the valve 10 so that a person can be alerted of any gas or liquid leaks from the valve body 12. More specifically, the port 22 can be connected to a flow meter and alarm device to detect fluid or gas leaks within the valve body. Further, the port 22 is preferably open to atmosphere and communicates with an intermediate chamber disposed between the inlet 14 and the outlet 16. Fluid drain 18, inlet opening 20, and port 22 may each include a suitably threaded opening or other mechanical fastening means to connect a suitable pipe fitting or pipe fitting to the given bore.

Fig. 2 shows an exploded view of the preferred valve 10, which shows the internal components of the valve 10. The end cap 12a and lower body portion 12b are preferably connected together by a plurality of bolts distributed in a bolt pattern around the body 12. FIG. 2B shows a plan view of the control valve 10 and a preferred bolt distribution pattern including an 8-set nut-and-bolt assembly. In an alternative bolt assembly shown by way of example in fig. 2C, a stud nut and assembly 50 can be employed. The stud bolt assembly 50 preferably includes a stud bolt 52 that engages the corner bolt holes of the end cap 12a and the lower valve body 12 b. To secure the end cap 12a to the assembly, the washer and nut may be threaded onto and secured to the stud 52. The stud bolt assembly 50 can facilitate assembly of the control valve 10 when installed in a vertical orientation. More specifically, four threaded studs 52 can preferably be equally spaced about the bolt pattern engaged with the lower valve body 12 b. These studs can be permanently or temporarily affixed to the lower valve body 12 b. The end cap 12a can then be placed over the threaded studs 52 and allowed to hang and be supported by the threaded studs 52, thereby freeing up the hands of an assembler to complete the assembly of the control valve with the necessary threaded bolt and nut assemblies. Preferably, each of the threaded studs 52 is preferably pitched to support a lateral load of between fifty and one hundred pounds (50-100 lbs). To further facilitate assembly of control valve 10, end cap 12a may include one or more eyelets to which a hook and cable or chain may be secured to lift end cap 12a to a position adjacent lower valve body 12 b.

The end cap 12a and lower body 12b each include an inner surface such that when the end cap and lower body portions 12a, 12b are joined together, the inner surfaces further define a chamber 24. The chamber 24, which is in communication with the inlet 14 and the outlet 16, further defines a passageway through which a fluid (e.g., water) can flow. Disposed within chamber 24 is a flexible, preferably resilient, member 100 for controlling the flow of fluid through valve body 12. The resilient member 100 is more preferably a diaphragm member configured to provide selective communication between the inlet 14 and the outlet 16. Accordingly, the diaphragm has at least two positions within the chamber 24: a lowermost fully closed or sealed position and an uppermost or fully open position.

As seen by way of example in FIG. 2A, in the lowermost closed or sealed position, diaphragm 100 engages a valve seat member 26 configured or formed as an internal rib or flange within the interior surface of valve body 12, thereby closing off flow communication between inlet 14 and outlet 16. When the diaphragm 100 is in this closed position, the diaphragm 100 preferably divides the chamber 24 into at least three regions or sub-chambers 24a, 24b, and 24 c. More specifically, formed when the diaphragm member 100 is in the closed position is a first fluid source or inlet chamber 24a in communication with the inlet 14, a second fluid source or outlet chamber 24b in communication with the outlet 16, and a diaphragm chamber 24 c. End cap 12a preferably includes a central opening 13 for introducing a balancing fluid into diaphragm chamber 24c to urge and retain diaphragm member 100 in the closed position. The balancing fluid is preferably provided from the first fluid source such that any surge in flow or pressure experienced at the inlet chamber 24a is also experienced at the diaphragm chamber 24c such that the diaphragm chamber is able to react to and compensate with a diaphragm pressure to maintain the diaphragm chamber 100 in the closed position.

Furthermore, the preferred relative orientation of the sub-chambers 24a, 24b, 24c is such that the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24b are each adjacent to a diaphragm chamber 24c which, in combination with the flexibility of the diaphragm member 100, contributes to the ability of the diaphragm chamber 24c to compensate for flow or pressure surges experienced within the inlet or outlet chambers 24a, 24 b. In addition, this preferred orientation can further facilitate the ability of the valve 10 to maintain the sealing engagement of the diaphragm member 100 at a preferred balance fluid pressure to main fluid pressure ratio in a manner described in more detail below. Known fluid control valves that use a more rigid type of diaphragm or use mechanical locking tongues are believed to require an increased mechanical force or equilibrium pressure to maintain a seal within the valve to compensate for any possible surges or fluctuations in the fluid being delivered.

During operation of the control valve 10, the balance fluid can be discharged from the diaphragm chamber 24c in a preferably controlled manner to urge the diaphragm member 100 to a fully open or actuated position in which the diaphragm member 100 is spaced from the valve seat member 26, thereby allowing fluid flow between the inlet 14 and the outlet 16. The discharge of fluid from the diaphragm chamber 24c can be regulated, for example, by means of an electrically controlled solenoid valve, such that the diaphragm member 100 can attain a plurality of adjusted positions between the fully closed position and the fully open position. Accordingly, the diaphragm member 100 is preferably electrically actuated between the open and closed positions. Alternatively, the diaphragm can be actuated, adjusted and/or closed or latched by other mechanisms, such as a mechanical latching mechanism.

Figures 3A-3D show one illustrative embodiment of a diaphragm member 100. Diaphragm member 100 includes an upper surface 102 and a lower surface 104 preferably surrounded by a flange portion 101 having a bolt pattern for compressing and securing between end cap 12a and lower valve body 12 b. The upper and lower surface areas 102, 104 are each generally of sufficient size to close the communication of the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24b with the diaphragm chamber 24 c. The areas 102, 104 of the upper and lower surfaces are preferably substantially circular in plan view, however other geometries are possible depending on the geometry of the chamber 24 and if these surfaces effectively divide and seal the chamber 24. One exemplary configuration of the upper surface 102 of the diaphragm member 100 is shown and described in U.S. patent No. 7,059,578. Accordingly, the upper surface 102 preferably includes a central or inner annular member 105 from which one or more tangential rib members 106 extend radially. The tangential fins 106 and the inner ring 105 are configured to urge the diaphragm 100 into the sealing position by, for example, applying a balancing fluid to the upper surface 102 of the diaphragm member 100. The diaphragm 100 preferably defines a central axis A-A about which the fin member 106 is preferably disposed. Many alternative configurations of the upper surface 102 are possible.

In addition, the diaphragm 100 preferably includes an outer resilient ring element 108 to further urge the diaphragm member 100 to the closed position. When the valve 10 is fully assembled, as seen by way of example in fig. 2A, the outer, preferably angled, surface of the flexible ring element 108 engages and provides pressure contact with a portion of the valve body 12, such as the interior surface of the end cap 12A. Thus, the flexible ring element 108 assists in urging the diaphragm 100 toward its sealing position to allow the valve to close.

Another exemplary configuration of the upper surface 102 of the diaphragm member 100 is shown and described in U.S. patent No. 6,095,484. More specifically, the upper surface can include alternative or in addition to ribs (not shown) in an annular arrangement, the ribs being centrally located on top of the upper surface 102 of the diaphragm member 100. The annular arrangement is preferably configured to engage the inner surface of end cap 12a and apply a force urging diaphragm member 100 toward its closed position.

In its closed position, the lower surface 104 of the diaphragm member 100 preferably defines a central bulge 110 to avoid over-stretching of the diaphragm material during diaphragm cycling and to enhance stability in the upper and lower positions. The lower surface 104 thus preferably represents a surface having an area a1 that is substantially convex with respect to the valve seat member 26, and more preferably represents a spherically convex surface, and the upper surface 102 represents a surface having an area a2 that is substantially concave with respect to the diaphragm chamber 24c, and more preferably represents a spherically concave surface. The upper surface a2 is preferably substantially equal to a 1. Portions of the lower surface 104 function to close fluid communication from other chambers, i.e., a portion of the lower surface 104 seals the inlet chamber 24a from the outlet chamber 24b and the diaphragm chamber 24 c. Accordingly, these substantially convex surfaces are preferably shown as enclosing the inlet and outlet chambers 24a and 24 b. Furthermore, the preferred geometry of the sub-chambers 24a, 24b, 24c relative to each other preferably provides that the areas sealing the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24b are approximately equal, and the inlet chamber 24a is enclosed by a portion of the lower surface 104 having an area of about 1/2a1 and the outlet chamber is enclosed by a portion of the lower surface 104 having an area of about 1/2a 1. In a preferred embodiment of the septum 100, the lower surface 104 defines a first radius of curvature and the upper surface 102 defines a second radius of curvature. Where the septum 100 includes an intermediate layer 103, the intermediate layer can further define a third radius of curvature. The different radii of curvature can be measured from one common center point or alternatively from different center points. The ratio of the radius of curvature of a lower layer to the radius of curvature of an upper layer is preferably greater than 1 and sufficient for allowing the lower surface 104 to engage the valve seat member 26 when the diaphragm 100 is in the lower position to substantially close the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24 b. Alternatively or in addition, the lower surface 104 can further define more than one radius of curvature such that the lower surface 104 engages the valve seat member 26 in a sealing manner.

In a preferred embodiment of the diaphragm member 100 for use in a valve body having a nominal four inch (4in.) valve size, the intermediate layer defines a radius of curvature of about 7.75 inches to about 8 inches (8in.), and preferably about 7.95 inches. The upper surface 102 preferably defines a radius of curvature of about 7.5 inches to about 7.75 inches, and preferably about 7.6 inches. The radii of curvature of the intermediate layer 103 and the upper surface 102 are each preferably measured from a common center point along the a-a center axis of the diaphragm member 100. Thus, the ratio of the radius of curvature of the intermediate layer 103 to the upper surface 102 in a preferred four inch (4in.) valve is about 1.05: 1. Further, the lower surface 104 preferably defines at least one radius of curvature ranging from about 4.25 inches to about 4.5 inches, and preferably about 4.33 inches, as measured from a common center point offset from the central axis a-a of the septum member 100. More preferably, the center point is horizontally offset from the central axis by about 1.4 inches and vertically offset from the elastomeric ring by about 2.1 inches. In addition, the projection 110 preferably defines a diameter ranging from about 10.10 inches to about 11.10 inches, and preferably about 10.47 inches. The elastic ring element 108 preferably defines an outer diameter ranging from about 10.20 inches to about 10.5 inches, and preferably about 10.24 inches, and more preferably about 10.34 inches. The elastic ring element 108 preferably defines an inner diameter in the range of about 9.25 inches to about 9.5 inches, and preferably about 9.45 inches, and more preferably about 9.29 inches. The overall height of the diaphragm from the resilient ring element 108 to the lower surface 104 ranges from about 3.5 inches to about 2.75 inches, and preferably from about 2.95 inches to about 3.35 inches.

In a preferred embodiment of the diaphragm member 100 for use in a valve body having a nominal six inch (6in.) valve size, the intermediate layer 103 defines a radius of curvature of about 8.5 inches to about 9 inches, and preferably about 8.78 inches, and more preferably about 9.06 inches. Upper surface 102 preferably defines a radius of curvature of about 8.25 inches to about 8.75 inches, and preferably about 8.58 inches. The radii of curvature of the intermediate layer 103 and the upper surface 102 are each preferably measured from a common center point along the a-a center axis of the diaphragm member 100. Thus, the ratio of the radius of curvature of the intermediate layer 103 to the upper surface 102 in a preferred six inch (6in.) valve is about 1.03: 1. Further, the lower surface 104 preferably defines at least one radius of curvature ranging from about 5.25 inches to about 5.5 inches, and preferably about 5.3 inches, as measured from a center point offset from the central axis of the a-a of the septum member 100. More preferably, the center point is horizontally offset from the central axis by about 1.6 inches and vertically offset from the elastomeric ring by about 2.4 inches. In addition, the projection 110 preferably defines a diameter ranging from about 12.45 inches to about 13.75 inches, and preferably about 12.9 inches. The elastic ring element 108 preferably defines an outer diameter ranging from about 11.51 inches to about 13.51 inches, and preferably about 12 inches, and more preferably about 12.51 inches. The elastic ring element 108 preferably defines an inner diameter in the range of about 10.42 inches to about 12.42 inches, and preferably about 12 inches, and more preferably about 11.42 inches. The overall height of the diaphragm from the upper surface of the resilient ring element 108 to the lower surface 104 ranges from about 3.5 inches to about 4.5 inches, and preferably from about 3.82 inches to about 4.21 inches. The preferred diaphragm member 100 is configured to engage and cooperate with the end cap 12a and the inner surface of the lower body 12b to define three chambers 24a, 24b, 24c in a direction that provides a diaphragm chamber 24c that is effective to compensate for fluctuations and/or surges in fluid pressure within either of the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24 b.

As seen more specifically in fig. 3B, the lower surface 104 of the diaphragm member 100 preferably includes one or more support pads or elements 112 for supporting the diaphragm member 100 as it cycles between the open and closed positions within the chamber 24. More specifically, the support pad 112 is configured to engage a portion of the inner surface of the lower valve body 12b to support the diaphragm 100.

The lower surface 104 of the diaphragm member further preferably includes a pair of elongate sealing elements or projections 114a, 114b to form a sealing engagement with the valve seat member 26 of the valve body 12. The sealing elements 114a, 114b preferably extend in a parallel manner along the lower surface 104 for a length approximately equal to the maximum arc length defined by the surface 104. The elongate sealing elements 114a, 114b each preferably taper conically in cross-section (perpendicular to the axis of elongation) having a first angled surface 116a and a second angled surface 116b, each extending from or adjacent to the lower surface 104, as seen in the example of fig. 3C. Alternatively, the sealing elements 114a, 114b can define any cross-sectional geometry, provided that the sealing elements provide the sealing functionality provided herein. The first angled surface 116a preferably defines an included angle a that is about forty-five degrees from an edge parallel to the central axis a-a. The second angled surface 116b preferably defines an included angle β of about fifteen degrees from an edge parallel to the central axis A-A. Disposed between the first and second angled surfaces 116a, 116b is a terminal surface 116c that is used to terminate the sealing element and thereby define the height of the protrusion. Preferably, terminal surface 116c defines a surface having one or more radii of curvature over its length from the first angled surface to the second angled surface. More preferably, the terminal surface 116c defines an apex of the sealing element having at least one radius of curvature.

The sealing elements 114a, 114b are preferably spaced apart so as to define a space or channel 118 therebetween. The parallel first angled surfaces 116a of the sealing elements 114a, 114b and a portion of the lower surface 104 disposed therebetween further define sidewalls of a space or channel 118 and a channel height thereof. The sealing elements 114a, 114b are configured to engage the valve seat member 26 of the valve body 12 when the diaphragm is in the closed position, thereby closing communication between the inlet 14 and the outlet 16, and more specifically between the inlet chamber 24a and the outlet chamber 24 b. In addition, the sealing elements 114a, 114b engage the valve seat member such that the passage 118 cooperates with the valve seat member 26 to form an intermediate chamber 24d to axially space the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24b in a manner described in greater detail below. The lower surface 104 of the diaphragm may comprise more than two sealing elements 114a, 114b, provided that the additional sealing elements cooperate in a sealing manner with the valve seat member 26 and allow the formation of the intermediate chamber. In addition, the lower surface 104 can be formed or constructed of any other surface form (e.g., convoluted structure) provided that such form is effective to form a sealing engagement with the valve seat member 26 and further provide the passage 118 to assist in the formation of the intermediate chamber 24 d.

The material used to make the diaphragm 100 depends on the type of fluid being delivered and the temperature range to which the diaphragm is exposed. Preferably, the upper and lower surfaces 102, 104 of the diaphragm 100 are constructed from a layer of natural rubber material having a durometer or shore value of about seventy-five (75) and a further pressure gauge of about 2560 pounds per square inch (2560 psi.). Suitable materials for the upper and lower surfaces 102, 104 include, for example, neoprene and neoprene. Materials that can be used for upper and lower surface reinforcement at the middle layer 103 of the diaphragm 100 include, for example, cotton, nylon, and (more specifically) nylon No. 2 reinforcement.

The sealing elements 114a, 114b of the diaphragm member 100 are configured to form a sealing engagement with the valve seat member 26 of the valve body 12. Fig. 4A-4D show detailed views of the preferred lower valve body portion 12b of the control valve 10. The lower control valve body 12b preferably defines a first valve axis IVC-IVC. The inlet and outlet ports 14, 16 of the control body are preferably centered about, coaxial with and spaced along a first valve axis IVC-IVC. Further centered along, spaced apart along, and substantially perpendicular to the first axis IVC-IVC are a fluid outlet tube 18 and an inlet opening 20, each in communication with a fluid source chamber 24a and a pressurized gas source chamber 24b, respectively. Also extending along the first axis IVC-IVC are support or bracing members 28a, 28 b. The support members 28a, 28b are preferably aligned for engagement with support pads 112 disposed or formed on the lower surface 104 of the diaphragm member 100. The support members 28a, 28b preferably extend from the flanges of the inlet and outlet ports 14, 16 to bisect the support member 26. The support members 28a, 28b preferably form a unitary structure with the support member 26 and the remainder of the lower valve body 12b, or alternatively, the support members 28a, 28b can be bonded to the support member 26 and the body 12 by other bonding techniques (e.g., welding).

The lower control valve body 12b further preferably defines a second axis IVD-IVD that is substantially perpendicular to the first axis IVC-IVC. Preferably aligned with the second axis IVD-IVD is a valve seat member 26 that extends the width of the valve body 12 so as to effectively divide the chamber 24 within the lower valve body 12 into sub-chambers, preferably spaced apart and preferably of the same size, of the inlet chamber 24a and the outlet chamber 24 b. Further, the extension of the valve seat member 26 preferably defines a curvilinear surface or arc having an arc length so as to mirror the convex surface of the lower surface 104 of the diaphragm 100. Further extending along the preferred arc length of the valve seat member 26 is a groove 30 constructed or formed in the surface of the valve seat member 26. The slot 30 preferably extends the full length of the valve seat member 26, and thus the width of the lower valve body 12 b. Further, the slot 30 is preferably tapered at each end thereof. Further, the walls of the valve seat member 26 that define the groove 30 are preferably parallel walls. Alternatively, the groove 30 may be formed such that the walls forming the groove 30 are at an angle relative to each other, relative to another reference line, or relative to other surfaces of the valve body 12. The portion of the valve seat surface 26 defining the bottom of the slot 30 preferably forms a semicircular arc in a plane perpendicular to the direction of elongation of the slot 30. Other geometries are possible provided that the groove 30 gives the desired fluid and pneumatic characteristics described herein. In addition, the depth of the groove 30 can vary along its length such that the groove 30 is preferably deepest at its center and becomes shallower toward its lateral ends. The groove 30 further bisects the engaging surface of the seat member 26, preferably uniformly, along its length. After the back-up pads 112 of the diaphragm member 100 are aligned to engage the support members 28a, 28b when the diaphragm member 100 is in the closed position, the elongate sealing members 114a, 114b are preferably aligned to engage the bisected surface of the valve seat member 26. The engagement of the sealing members 114a, 114b with the engagement surfaces 26a, 26b of the valve seat member 26 further places the passageway 118 of the diaphragm 100 in communication with the groove 30.

Fig. 4B shows a detailed view of the valve seat member 26 and its intersection with the support members 28a, 28B. Preferably, the engaging surfaces 26a, 26b of the valve seat member 26 are substantially planar, and the width of the engagement is further preferably widened in the direction from the center of the engaging valve seat 26 to the side ends of the valve seat member 26. In general, the surfaces 26a, 26b are configured to be wide enough throughout their length to maintain sealing contact with the sealing elements 114a, 114 b. Furthermore, the surfaces 26a, 26b are configured to be wide enough to maintain sealing contact with the sealing elements 114a, 114b regardless of the movement of the sealing elements 114a, 114b along the longitudinal axis IVC-IVC. Accordingly, the surfaces 26a, 26b can maintain sealing engagement with the sealing elements 114a, 114b, regardless of changes in fluid pressure within the inlet or outlet chambers 24a, 24b, which can exert a force on the diaphragm 100 and the sealing elements 114a, 114b in the direction of the axis IVC-IVC.

The valve seat member 26 is preferably formed with a central base member 32 that further separates and preferably spaces the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24b and transfers fluid in one direction between the diaphragm 100 and the valve seat member engaging surfaces 26a, 26 b. For example, as seen in fig. 4C and 4D, the base member 32 is preferably wider along the first axis IVC-IVC than along the second axis IVD-IVD. The base member 32 is preferably substantially aligned with the central axis B-B of the valve body 12, which substantially perpendicularly intersects the plane formed by the intersection of the first axis IVC-IVC and the second axis IVD-IVD. The port 22 is preferably formed in the base member 32 between the drain 18 and the inlet opening 20.

Port 22 is preferably configured as an alarm port from one or more spaces formed within base member 32. Preferably, the port 22 includes a first cylindrical portion 22a formed in the base member 32. The first cylindrical portion 22a preferably defines a central axis that is offset or spaced from the central axis B-B of the lower valve body 12. The first cylindrical portion 22a is further preferably wider along the first axis IVC-IVC than along the second axis IVD-IVD. Accordingly, the first cylindrical portion 22a is preferably rectangular in cross-section.

Axially communicating with the first cylindrical portion 22a is a second cylindrical portion 22b formed in the base member 32. The second cylindrical portion 22b is preferably wider along the second axis IVD-IVD than along the first axis IVC-IVC. Accordingly, the second cylindrical portion 22b is rectangular in cross-section and preferably elongated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of elongation of the first cylindrical portion 22 a. The second cylindrical portion 22B preferably defines a central axis that is preferably aligned with the central axis B-B of the lower valve body 12. Further, the second cylindrical portion 22B preferably extends axially along the central axis B-B so as to intersect and communicate with the slot 30. Accordingly, the port 22 preferably intersects and communicates with the groove 30, wherein the port 22 is further preferably in sealed communication with the channel 118 formed in the septum member 100 when the septum member 100 is in the closed position.

Communication between the diaphragm passage 118, the groove 30 and the port 22 is preferably restricted by the sealing engagement of the sealing elements 114a, 114b with the valve seat member surfaces 26a, 26b, thereby defining a preferred fourth chamber, the intermediate chamber 24d, as seen, for example, in fig. 2A. The intermediate chamber 24d is preferably open to atmosphere, thereby further defining a fluid seat, preferably an air seat, to separate the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24 b. The inventors have found that providing an air seat between the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24b allows the inlet and outlet chambers to be filled and pressurized, respectively, while avoiding failure of the sealing engagement between the sealing element 114 and the valve seat member 26. Each sealing element 114 is acted upon by a fluid force on one side of the element only, and preferably by atmospheric pressure on the other side, the fluid pressure within the diaphragm chamber 24c being effective to maintain sealing engagement between the sealing element 114 and the valve seat member 26 during pressurization of the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24 b. Accordingly, the preferred diaphragm valve 10 can eliminate the need for a check valve downstream of the control valve, unlike, for example, the arrangement of the pre-action fire protection system shown and described in U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/887,040. In addition, the preferred control valve 10 and preferred intermediate chamber 24d, which are exposed to the atmosphere, can meet installation and/or operational requirements, such as FM standard 1020, by providing a port for venting or an alarm.

The ability to pressurize both the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24b is particularly useful where it is desired to control the release of a primary fluid (e.g., water) into a normally closed system while providing and maintaining a pressurized secondary fluid (e.g., compressed air) to the system. For example, the control valve 10 can be installed and operated within a liquid/gas manifold in the following manner. The control valve 10 is positioned between a primary fluid source (e.g., a main water line) and a secondary fluid source (e.g., a compressed air supply or a compressed nitrogen source). More specifically, the control valve 10 is preferably connected to a main fluid manifold at the inlet 14, as schematically shown in fig. 5 (for example). The fluid discharge port 18 is preferably closed by connecting a suitable shut-off conduit element, such as a manual shut-off valve. The secondary fluid or compressed gas source is connected to the input opening 20 and the outlet 16 is preferably connected to a system to be filled and pressurized with compressed gas.

The control valve 10 and manifold can be put into operation by preferably bringing the valve 10 to a normally closed position and then bringing the inlet chamber 24a and outlet chamber 24b to operating pressure. In a preferred embodiment, the primary fluid source is initially isolated from inlet chamber 24a by a partition control valve, such as a manually controlled valve located upstream of inlet 14. The secondary fluid source is preferably initially isolated from the outlet chamber 24b by a block control valve located upstream of the inlet opening 20. An equalization fluid (e.g., water from a main fluid source) is then introduced into the diaphragm chamber 24c, preferably through the central opening 13 in the end cap 12 a. Fluid is continuously introduced into chamber 24c until the fluid exerts sufficient pressure P1 to cause diaphragm member 100 to reach the closed position in which lower surface 104 engages valve seat member 26 and sealing elements 114a, 114b form a sealing engagement about valve seat member 26.

With the diaphragm member 100 in this closed position, the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24b can be pressurized by the primary and secondary fluids, respectively. More precisely, the block valve isolating the main fluid can be opened, so that fluid is introduced into the inlet chamber 24a through the inlet 14, so as to preferably obtain a static pressure P2. The block valve isolating the compressed air can be opened to introduce the secondary fluid through the inlet opening 20 to pressurize the outlet chamber 24b and the normally closed system connected to the outlet port 16 of the control valve 10 to achieve a static pressure P3.

As described above, the presence of the intermediate chamber 24d separating the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24b and normally open to atmosphere maintains the primary fluid pressure P2 on one side of the seal element 114a and the secondary fluid pressure P3 on one side of the other seal element 114 b. Thus, diaphragm member 100 and its sealing elements 114a, 114b are configured for maintaining sealing engagement with valve seat member 26 under the influence of diaphragm chamber pressure P1. Accordingly, upper and lower diaphragm surface areas a1, a2, A3 are preferably sized such that pressure P1 is sufficiently large to provide a closing force on the upper surface of diaphragm member 100 to overcome pressures P2, P3 of the primary and secondary fluids urging diaphragm member 100 to the open position. However, the ratio of the diaphragm pressure to the primary fluid pressure, P1: P2, or to the secondary fluid pressure, P1: P3, is preferably minimized so that the valve 10 maintains a quick opening response, i.e., a low trip ratio, to drain fluid from the inlet chamber when needed. More preferably, the diaphragm pressure P1 is at least effective to seal against a primary fluid pressure P2 of about 1.2psi per 1psi of diaphragm pressure P2. This is an advantage over known diaphragm valves which are believed to require a 1: 2.5 ratio of diaphragm pressure to main fluid pressure, because in such known valves the orientation of the chambers is such that the diaphragm pressure is directly and completely normal to the diaphragm seat and inlet fluid. Known mechanical latching deluge valves are also believed to require a 1: 2.5 ratio due to similar chamber orientation and the need for a mechanical latch or linkage. Since the preferred control valve 10 is capable of using a lower diaphragm pressure P1 for the main fluid pressure P2, the valve 10 can be constructed smaller than known control valves having similar nominal valve dimensions. In addition, the low pressure ratio in combination with the chamber orientation and flexible diaphragm provide a preferred control valve 10 that can provide effective surge control or resistance to minimize or, more preferably, eliminate false shutdowns.

To actuate the valve 10, fluid is preferably released from the diaphragm chamber 24c at a faster rate than the refill chamber 24 c. For example, a solenoid control valve connected to the chamber inlet 13 can be electrically actuated to bleed fluid from the diaphragm chamber 24 c. The pressure loss on upper surface 102 of diaphragm member 100 allows fluid pressure in the adjacent fluid source chamber 24a to urge the diaphragm chamber to an open position spaced from valve seat member 26. Fluid is allowed to flow through the support members 28a, 28b (for clarity, the support members 28a, 28b are not shown in fig. 5) to displace the compressed gas in the outlet chamber 24b for discharge from the outlet 16 and into a system connected to the control valve 10. Further allowing fluid to fill the tank 30 and flow out of the alarm port 22. An appropriate flow alarm device, when connected to port 22, can detect fluid flow and can notify appropriate personnel of the operation of valve 10.

Accordingly, the control valve 10 can be installed in a pre-action fire protection system with the outlet 16 communicating with a riser pipe connected to a network of sprinklers interconnected by pipes and pressurized by compressed gas or air. More specifically, the control valve 10 can be installed within any of the pre-action fire protection systems shown and described in U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/887,040, without the need for a check valve located downstream of the valve 10. Fig. 6A schematically illustrates the preferred control valve 10 installed in a pre-actuated fire protection system 200. In addition to control valve 10, preaction system 200 includes a piping network of one or more Fire Protection devices, such as a plurality of Fire Protection sprinklers 210 distributed along a supply main 215 according to one or more Fire Protection sprinkler installation standards, such as "NFPA 13: sprinkler system installation standard "(2007).

According to the preferred installation described above, the control valve 10 is installed in the fire protection system, the outlet of which is connected to the sprinkler network 210 and the liquid supply mains via a riser pipe 220. A source of compressed gas or air 225 is placed in controlled communication with the input opening 20 for pressurizing the sprinkler network, wherein the pressure of the supervisory air or gas preferably ranges from about 8-12psi, more preferably about 10 psi. Alternatively, the preferred control valve 10 can be installed in a shower (deluge) fire protection system in which the sprinkler network is open to the atmosphere. The inlet 14 of the control valve 10 is preferably placed in controlled communication with a preferred source of fluid supply, such as the water main 230. Accordingly, the control valve 10 is installed with the "wet" or liquid portion of the system on the inlet side of the valve 10 and the "dry" or gas portion of the system on the outlet side of the valve 10. The control valve 10 and system 200 can be put into operation in one of the manners described above such that the diaphragm member 100 provides controlled sealed communication between the water main 230 and the sprinkler network 210. In addition, the diaphragm can be brought to the sealed position by introducing the fluid into the diaphragm chamber 24c, which is preferably suitably piped and conditioned from the fluid source 230 through a suitable restriction 233, and the inlet and outlet chambers 24a, 24b can each be brought to pressure by introducing water into the inlet 14 and compressed air into the outlet 14. More preferably, the diaphragm 100 is held in its sealed position with the inlet chamber 24a at a static pressure from the water, such that the sealing pressure and the static water pressure define a preferred ratio of P1: P2 substantially equal to about 1: 1.2. Since the preferred control valve 10 forms the intermediate chamber 24d as an air seat when seated in the sealing position, the outlet chamber 24b and normally closed sprinkler network define a closed system in the preaction system in which incoming compressed air can fill the standpipe 220, main supply line 215 and provide supervisory air to the sprinkler network at a preferred pressure without the use of check valves at any location downstream of the valve 10. Accordingly, a single and preferably substantially constant air pressure equal to the supervisory air pressure of the system 200 can be defined between the outlet chamber 24b of the control valve 10 and the sprinkler network 210.

The system 200 may be configured for single interlock or double interlock operation of the control valve 10. Further, the operation of the control valve 10 can be electrically actuated, pneumatically actuated, hydraulically actuated, or a combination thereof. For example, the system 200 can be configured as a single interlock system having a detector 235a for detecting heat or smoke to send a detection signal through preferably a console 240 to a solenoid valve 236 open to atmosphere that bleeds water from the diaphragm member 24c for actuating the control valve 10 discussed above. The detector 235a may be any one of a temperature sensitive thermostat, a smoke detector, or an electrically and manually operated pull-type fire alarm. Alternatively, the system 200 can be configured as a single interlock system with a dry controller for actuating the control valve 10. More specifically, the system 200 may include a dry controller tube 245 that is pneumatically pressurized with one or more controller sprinklers 250 positioned along the tube 245 as heat detectors. In the presence of a fire and upon actuation of the controller sprinkler 250, the release of pneumatic pressure can be configured to operate a dry controller sprinkler 255 open to the atmosphere, which can be connected to the control valve 10 to discharge water from the diaphragm chamber 24 c. Further in this alternative, the controller conduit can be configured to act as a suitably mounted wet controller conduit that is pressurized with water and connected to the diaphragm chamber 24 c. Actuation of the controller sprinkler 250 discharges water from the wet controller line 245 and the diaphragm chamber 24c for controlling operation of the valve 10 in the presence of a fire.

Any of the above single interlock systems may alternatively be configured as a dual interlock system. For example, the system 200 can be configured as a dual interlock system having one detector 235a for detecting heat or smoke to emit a detection signal and a second detector 235b for detecting low air pressure in the sprinkler network 210. Each of the detectors 235a, 235b can be connected to a release panel in which actuation of each detector is required to operate the release panel to discharge water from the diaphragm chamber 24c and operate the control valve 10. Alternatively, the system 200 can be configured as a dual interlock system having dry controllers and an electrical interlock for actuating the control valve 10. More specifically, the system 200 may include a dry controller tube 245 that is pneumatically pressurized with one or more controller sprinklers 250 disposed along the tube as heat detectors. Upon actuation of the controller sprinklers 250 in the presence of a fire, the release of pneumatic pressure can be configured to operate a dry controller actuator 255. To operate the control valve 10, the system can incorporate a heat detector for energizing a solenoid valve that operates the control valve 10 in series with the dry controller actuator 255. In this alternative, the controller conduit of the dual interlock system can be configured to act as a wet controller conduit pressurized with water and connected to the diaphragm chamber 24 c. Any of the above pre-actuation systems preferably includes an alarm connected to the alarm port 22 of the control valve 10 to detect fluid flow upon actuation of the control valve 10. Further in this alternative, the control valve 10 can be installed in a non-interlocking preaction fire protection system.

Although the present invention has been disclosed with reference to specific embodiments, numerous modifications, alterations and changes to the illustrated embodiments are possible without departing from the sphere and scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims. Accordingly, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the described embodiments, but that it have the full scope defined by the language of the following claims, and equivalents thereof.

Claims (24)

1. A fluid control valve comprising:

a valve body having a first inner surface defining a chamber having a first axis and a second axis substantially perpendicular to the first axis, the chamber including an inlet and an outlet in communication with the chamber and substantially aligned along the first axis, the inner surface including an elongated valve seat member substantially aligned along the second axis, the valve seat member defining a groove, a portion of the body further defining a port in communication with the groove; and

a diaphragm member disposed within the chamber for controlling communication between the inlet and the outlet, the diaphragm member having an upper surface and a lower surface, the lower surface including at least a pair of spaced apart elongate members defining a passage therebetween, the diaphragm member having a first position allowing communication between the inlet and the outlet and a second position in which the elongate members engage the valve seat member such that the passage communicates with the groove to define an intermediate chamber in communication with the port,

wherein the upper surface of the diaphragm member includes an annular element surrounding the upper surface to engage the inner surface of the valve body to bias the diaphragm member at the second position.

2. The fluid control valve of claim 1, wherein the elongated members define a cross-sectional area that is substantially wedge-shaped.

3. The fluid control valve of claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional area tapers conically from the lower surface of the diaphragm member to a terminal surface.

4. The fluid control valve of claim 3, wherein the terminal surface comprises at least one radius of curvature.

5. A fluid control valve as defined in claim 1, wherein the diaphragm member defines a central axis substantially perpendicular to the first and second axes, wherein further each of the elongate members includes an angled surface relative to the central axis extending from the lower surface of the diaphragm member to define a sidewall surface of the passage.

6. A fluid control valve as defined in claim 5, wherein the angled surfaces each define an angle of about 45 ° relative to the central axis.

7. The fluid control valve of claim 1, wherein the upper surface defines a substantially concave surface and the lower surface defines a convex surface when the diaphragm member is in the second position.

8. A fluid control valve as defined in claim 1, wherein the valve seat member defines a curvilinear surface having an arc length for engaging the lower surface of the diaphragm member, the groove extending along the curvilinear surface over substantially the entire arc length.

9. The fluid control valve of claim 1, wherein the valve body further comprises a first support member and a second support member, the first and second support members being disposed adjacent to and engaged with the valve seat member.

10. The fluid control valve of claim 9, wherein the first and second support members bisect the chamber along the first axis and the valve seat member bisects the chamber along the second axis.

11. A fluid control valve as defined in claim 9, wherein the first and second support members are integral with the valve seat member.

12. A fluid control valve as defined in claim 1, wherein the valve body includes an input opening and a fluid exhaust opening disposed adjacent the valve seat member, the input opening communicating with the outlet and the fluid exhaust opening communicating with the inlet.

13. The fluid control valve of claim 1, wherein the valve body defines a central axis substantially perpendicular to the first and second axes, the port being substantially aligned with the central axis.

14. The fluid control valve of claim 13, wherein the port has a first portion and a second portion, the first portion having a first width opening and the second portion being axially aligned with the first portion, the second portion having a second width opening having a width less than the first width opening.

15. The fluid control valve of claim 14, wherein the first portion and the second portion are substantially cylindrical, each having a central axis, the central axis of the first portion being spaced apart from the central axis of the second portion.

16. The fluid control valve of claim 14, wherein the second width is defined along the first axis, and the second portion defines a third width along the second axis that is greater than the second width.

17. The fluid control valve of claim 1, wherein the port defines a substantially elongated elliptical cross-section.

18. A diaphragm for mounting within a control valve, the diaphragm comprising:

an upper surface and a lower surface, each surface being aligned centrally coaxially with a central axis;

at least one pair of substantially parallel and spaced apart elongated members disposed along the lower surface proximate the central axis and defining a channel therebetween,

wherein the upper surface of the diaphragm comprises an annular element surrounding the upper surface and having an engagement surface shaped to bias the diaphragm in the direction of the lower surface along the central axis when engaged by an external force to reduce the radius of curvature of at least the upper surface.

19. The septum of claim 18, wherein the elongate members define a substantially wedge-shaped cross-sectional area.

20. The membrane of claim 19, wherein the cross-sectional area tapers conically from the lower surface of the membrane to a terminal surface.

21. The septum of claim 20, wherein the terminal surface comprises at least one radius of curvature.

22. The septum of claim 18, wherein each of the elongate members comprises an angled surface relative to the central axis extending from the lower surface of the septum to define a sidewall surface of the channel.

23. The septum of claim 22, wherein the angled surfaces each define an angle of about 45 ° relative to the central axis.

24. The septum of claim 18, wherein when the upper surface defines a substantially concave surface having a first radius of curvature;

the lower surface defines a convex surface having a second radius of curvature different from the first radius of curvature; and

an intermediate layer disposed between the upper and lower surfaces and having a third radius of curvature, the second radius of curvature being measured from a center point that is offset from a center point common to the first and third radii of curvature.