HK1132980B - Flowmeter assembly - Google Patents

Description

Flowmeter assembly

Technical Field

The present invention relates generally to liquid or semi-liquid dispensing systems, and more particularly to beverage dispensers in which one or more concentrates are mixed into a potable liquid according to a predetermined ratio.

Background

Liquid dispensers are widely used in various industries. Chemical solutions containing fertilizers, pesticides, detergents, etc. are typically mixed from various concentrates and solvents for use or storage prior to dispensing. Similar dispensers find application in the medical field. In the food and beverage industry, liquid dispensers are widely used in various locations, such as quick service restaurants.

Liquid dispensers for the food and beverage industry reconstitute juice syrup concentrates and drinking diluents (e.g., drinking water) and then dispense the reconstituted juice into containers at the point of consumption. Such dispensers are sometimes referred to as "post-mix" dispensers because they produce a final product, as opposed to "pre-mix" beverages which are pre-packaged with the final components (flavors, gases, etc.) and are ready for consumption. For safety and taste reasons, post-mix beverage dispensers often require refrigeration in the dispenser containing the various ingredients that eventually become the post-mix product.

Existing liquid dispensing devices for the food and beverage industry have become more and more complex in an effort to meet the ever increasing specific demands from consumers. As a result, these dispensing devices become more bulky and more difficult to maintain. However, as quick service restaurants evolve and counter space is valued, there is a strong need for smaller footprint machines while being easier to maintain. Smaller machines that are easy to diagnose any operational problems and easy to replace parts will further advance the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention relates to various features of an improved liquid dispenser. These features will be discussed for illustrative purposes within the food and beverage industry, but should not be construed as limited to such applications.

The present invention combines the functions of changing the liquid flow direction, measuring the flow rate, regulating the flow pressure and gate retention into one compact module. Further, a connector that easily connects upstream and downstream pipes is installed in the assembly. The resulting device is space-saving and easy to replace.

In one aspect, the present invention provides an integrated module for monitoring and regulating the flow of a fluid and a beverage dispensing apparatus including such a module. The module includes a manifold, a flow meter, an adapter, a pressure compensated flow control valve, and a gate retention valve. The manifold is in fluid communication with at least one inlet for fluid input and at least one outlet for fluid output. A flow meter integrated in the manifold and located downstream of the inlet and upstream of the outlet; the flow meter responds to the fluid flow by generating an output indicative of the rate of fluid flow. The adapter is adjacent to the flow meter and is configured to receive a sensor for sensing and transmitting an output produced by the flow meter. A pressure compensated flow control valve is integrated in the manifold upstream of the flow meter and is configured to regulate fluid flow into the flow meter. A gate-retaining valve, such as a solenoid valve, is secured to the manifold downstream of the flow meter and upstream of the outlet, and is configured to control the fluid flow. The module also includes a one-way valve, such as a check valve, integrated in the manifold downstream of the flow meter to prevent any substantial backflow toward the flow meter.

In one embodiment, the manifold is injection molded. Further, the assembly may include: a first connector assembly configured to be mounted within the inlet for sealingly receiving the upstream conduit; and a second connector assembly configured to be mounted within the outlet for sealingly receiving the downstream conduit. At least one of the connector assemblies may be a quick release fitting and/or include an O-ring. There may be an integrated housing containing at least the pressure compensated flow control valve, the manifold and the flow meter.

In another aspect, the present invention provides an integrated module comprising a manifold, a flow meter, an adapter, a gate retention valve, and a connector assembly. The module may also include a pressure compensated flow control valve. In one feature, a beverage dispensing apparatus incorporating such a module is also provided.

In yet another aspect, a method for manufacturing an integrated module for monitoring fluid flow is provided. The method comprises the following steps:

(a) providing a pressure compensated flow control valve, a flow meter and a one-way valve;

(b) providing an integrated housing defining a through bore from an inlet to an outlet and assembling the pressure compensated flow control valve, flow meter and one-way valve inside the integrated housing, wherein the pressure compensated flow control valve, flow meter and one-way valve are arranged in a fluid down-flow order along the through bore; and

(c) securing a gate retaining valve to the integrated housing.

The method further comprises the steps of: a first connector is provided at the inlet for sealingly receiving the upstream pipe and a second connector is provided at the outlet for sealingly receiving the downstream pipe.

Drawings

The foregoing and other features and advantages of the present invention, as well as the invention itself, will be more fully understood from the following description, drawings, and claims. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead generally being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention. In the drawings, like reference numerals are used to indicate like parts throughout the various views and embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the front, upper and left sides of a beverage dispenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken primarily along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a refrigeration system for the distributor of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view of the refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration system of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a brazed plate heat exchanger useful in embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a water supply system operable within the dispenser of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a flow meter assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is an exploded side view of the flow meter of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the embodiment of the dispenser shown in FIG. 1 with the front door removed and to the right with a portion of the production line within the dispenser in an exploded view;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the concentrate delivery system shown in FIG. 9, and a perspective view of the mixing nozzle shown in FIG. 9 prior to placement within the mixing housing;

FIG. 11 is a detailed perspective view of the concentrate outlet tube, piston and mixing nozzle in an assembled position according to the embodiment of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the side and top of an embodiment of the piston;

FIG. 13A is a perspective view of the side and top of an embodiment of a mixing nozzle;

FIG. 13B is another perspective view of the side of the mixing nozzle shown in FIG. 13A;

FIG. 13C is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 13B taken along line 13C-13C;

FIG. 14A is a top view of an embodiment of an adapter panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14B is a bottom view of the adapter panel of FIG. 14A;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the mixing nozzle of FIG. 13A engaging the adapter panel of FIG. 14A in the beverage dispenser in an unlocked position according to the principles of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the mixing nozzle of FIG. 13A engaging the adapter panel of FIG. 14A in a beverage dispenser in a locked position in accordance with the principles of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a portion of the front of the dispenser with the front door open to reveal the data entry system;

FIG. 18 is a formulaic representation of label content associated with each concentrate package, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a block diagram representing the operational steps of a control system involving an operator and a dispenser, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As should be apparent to those skilled in the art, the features of the present invention can be implemented individually or in combination. The omission of repetition is for the sake of brevity and should not limit the scope of the claims. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

The term "beverage" as used herein refers to a liquid or semi-liquid for consumption and includes, but is not limited to: juices, slurries, soda (carbonated or distilled), water, milk, yogurt, slush, ice cream, other dairy products, and any combination of the foregoing.

The terms "control system", "control loop", and "control" as the terms are used interchangeably herein.

The term "liquid" as used herein refers to both pure liquids and mixtures in which a substantial portion is liquid, such that the mixture may be liquid, semi-liquid, or contain small amounts of solid matter.

The present invention provides liquid or semi-liquid dispensers that refrigerate the liquid flow within the dispenser when desired. By "on demand" is meant the ability to cool the target without significant delay. Typically, for beverage dispensers, such as those used in quick service restaurants, the flow of fluid within the dispenser is intermittent. The beverage flow may be almost continuous during meal times, but may have idle times extending up to several hours when idle. Existing beverage dispensers that use a cold store (e.g., an ice bin) must require constant replenishment of the cold store, which is an uneconomical system that often requires constant maintenance and repair by operators because the cold store continuously dissipates heat.

In order to be able to handle both busy and idle times in use without continuously wasting energy, an ideal refrigeration system requires a high degree of efficiency in the heat exchange portion of the refrigeration system. The present invention provides such a refrigeration system designed to function in a liquid dispenser. Examples of such liquid dispensers are now described.

Referring to fig. 1, a post-mix beverage dispenser 50 according to one embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The beverage dispenser 50 includes a housing 52 having a hinged front door 54, as viewed from the outside. The housing 52 also includes a platform or drip tray 56 for receiving a receptacle 58, such as various sized cups of post-mix product. The dispense buttons 60a and 60b may be located at various locations on the housing 52 to facilitate the operator's initiation of a dispense cycle. In the particular embodiment shown in fig. 1, a set of dispensing buttons 60a or 60b are located on each side of the drip tray 56 to control the dispensing of product from each dispensing nozzle (not shown). Having the dispensing button in a location other than the front door 54 makes wiring easier and the button is still visible and accessible to the operator when the front door 54 is open.

As shown in the illustrated example, the dispense buttons 60a and 60b may include buttons corresponding to various portion sizes, such as: small, medium, large and extra large. The buttons may also include buttons: allowing the operator to cancel/interrupt a dispensing cycle that has been initiated, or manually dispense when a button is pressed ("end" or "momentary start"). The button may also include a light to indicate the status of the machine. The dispense buttons 60a and 60b may be backlit to enhance visibility and may be part of a larger display (or interface) that provides more information on the dispenser.

Still referring to FIG. 1, a display 62, such as a liquid crystal display, is shown beneath the drip tray 56 and on the dispenser housing 52 for displaying information relating to the machine. Such information may include error information, status, diagnostic information, operational instructions, and the like. Similar to the dispense button, having the display 62 remote from the front door 54 is advantageous in terms of wiring and functionality. Other parts of the distributor housing 52 may include a metal panel 64 with slots 66 for the intake air required for the refrigeration system.

Referring now to FIG. 2, a cross-sectional view of the dispenser 50 shows the various internal components thereof. Inside the housing 52 and behind the front door 54 is a concentrate bin 68 (or compartment) for holding a pre-packaged supply of concentrate and for mixing the concentrate with a diluent prior to dispensing. In one embodiment the compartment 68 is provided with at least one, preferably two concentrate holders 70, one of said holders 70 being shown in the drawing. A pre-packaged supply (not shown) of concentrate (or additive, solute) is stored within the concentrate holder 70, and a discharge tube 72 of the concentrate supply is loaded into a concentrate delivery system 74, which delivery system 74 in turn delivers the concentrate to a blending dispensing system 76. The diluent (or solvent), typically a potable liquid such as potable water, carbonated or non-carbonated, is supplied to the mixing and dispensing system 76 by a separate delivery system such as a water supply 78. The post-mix product is finally dispensed into receptacle 58 through mixing nozzle 80.

Still referring to fig. 2, the beverage dispenser 50 also includes a refrigeration system 82, the refrigeration system 82 providing the necessary refrigeration to cool the concentrate tank compartment 68 and the water supplied through the water supply 78. In one embodiment, a control system 54 is provided to monitor, regulate, and control the operation of various systems within the dispenser 50, such as a refrigeration system 82, a concentrate delivery system 74, a water supply system 78, and a blending dispensing system 76. The control system 84 may also provide a service technician or operator with a fault diagnosis.

The power switch 85 is located on the dispenser housing 52, specifically, outside of the drip tray 56 of the illustrated embodiment. A latch 86 on the back of the dispenser housing 52 connects the system requiring power to an external power source. For example, various components of the water supply 78 and/or refrigeration 82 are encased in the insulating material 88.

In a preferred embodiment, one beverage dispenser 50 contains at least two manufacturing lines, such that most of the parts described above with respect to fig. 2 are replicated side-by-side in the same dispenser housing 52. For example, two sets of concentrate holders 70, concentrate delivery systems 74, portions of water supply 78, and mixing and dispensing systems 76 may be manufactured to fit into one dispenser 50. The refrigeration system 82 is also split into two sections where it is desired to cool both production lines. Due to the two lines, the operator has the option of providing two different post-mix products through the same dispenser. In one embodiment, the footprint or dimensions of dispenser 50 are no greater than about 11 inches (about 28.0cm) wide, about 25 inches (63.5cm) deep, and about 55 inches (88.9cm) high. To save space, the various individual parts within the dispenser 50 may be designed as an integrated module to reduce extraneous connecting or sealing parts and make it easier to service.

The features of the invention are further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples.

Refrigeration system

Referring now to FIG. 3, an embodiment of a refrigeration system 82 according to the present invention is illustrated. In one embodiment, refrigeration system 82 includes one or more evaporators, a compressor 90, a condenser 92, a fan 94, an air filter 96, a dryer 98, and one or more optional temperature sensors, components known to those skilled in the art. The refrigeration system 82 cools the concentrate tank compartment 68 and the water supply 78 under the control of the control system 84. In one embodiment, control system 84 is programmed to: if the filter 96 is not installed, use of the refrigeration system 82 is prevented. This prevents the fan 94 from entering into service and thus protects the condenser 92 from contamination by the unfiltered air flow. A reed switch adjacent to the filter 96 providing feedback to the control system 84 can accomplish this function. In addition, to provide refrigeration to the water supply 78 when needed, the present invention includes a plate heat exchanger, such as a brazed plate heat exchanger (BPHX)100, in its refrigeration system 82.

An illustrative refrigerant circuit is shown in fig. 4, wherein refrigerant flows through a compressor 90, a condenser 92 adjacent a fan 94, and various valves 102, the valves 102 including solenoid valves that direct the flow of refrigerant. The circuits include a primary circuit 104 and a secondary circuit 106, the primary circuit 104 cooling the feed water and the secondary circuit 106 cooling the concentrate tank compartment 68.

In one embodiment, the primary loop 104 reduces the supply of water, such as pressurized supply water at a flow rate of about 4 ounces (about 0.12 liters) per second or about 2 gallons (about 3.8 liters) per minute, by at least 5 ° f (2.8 ℃), or preferably about 10 ° f (5.6 ℃). And the secondary loop 106 maintains the concentrate tank compartment at or below 40 ° f (2.8 ℃). In one feature, to ensure nearly instantaneous cooling of the water supply, the primary and secondary circuits 104, 106 are never activated simultaneously: only one loop is activated at any given time. And the main water supply loop 104 always has a higher priority than the sub-tank loop 106. In another feature, water from a beverage tower or water booster/chiller system is directed to flow into and out of the BPHX 100 for maximum efficiency in the heat exchanger.

Referring now to fig. 5, BPHX 100 is shown in an exploded cross-sectional view. The BPHX 100 includes a plurality of corrugated thin stainless steel plate 108 layers that are packed, welded or brazed together. Such a BPHX is available, for example, from Alfa Laval ltd. In one embodiment, the BPHX 100 is brazed with a copper or nickel material and is referred to as a copper brazed plate heat exchanger. In another embodiment, the BPHX 100 is a stainless steel brazed plate heat exchanger. The corrugated BPHX plates 108 provide the greatest amount of heat exchange surface when the water channels 110 formed on one plate are located adjacent to the refrigerant channels 112 formed in an adjacent plate.

Both the refrigerant and water are solenoid controlled so that water flows through the BPHX 100 only when the refrigerant is flowing, and vice versa; resulting in an immediate, more energy efficient heat exchange. In one embodiment, the water and refrigerant flow in a co-current flow, meaning that they both flow from one side (top or bottom) of the exchanger to the other. In a preferred embodiment, the water and refrigerant flow in a counter flow, with hot water flowing in from the top of the exchanger and cold refrigerant flowing in from the bottom of the exchanger. As a result, when the water is cooled, it passes through even cooler refrigerant as it progresses through the exchanger, causing a rapid decrease in water temperature. As a result, the refrigeration system of the present invention can cool the water flow when needed without using a cold storage such as an ice bank. In other words, the refrigeration system operates in an ice-free environment.

To prevent accidental freezing of the water circuit, the control system of the dispenser is programmed to prevent actuation of the refrigeration system until a sufficient amount of water has entered the circuit. For example, if the BPHX holds 12 ounces (about 0.35L) of water and it is determined that at least 21 ounces (about 0.62L) of water is needed at the location where the water flow is measured to ensure that the water piping within the BPHX is full, then the control system is programmed to command that 21 ounces (about 0.62L) of water have flowed through the rotameter per power cycle before energizing the main water cooling loop of the refrigeration system.

Referring back to fig. 4, the compartment secondary loop 106 of the refrigeration system 82 may utilize any of the conventional refrigeration techniques (e.g., cold wall techniques) to cool the concentrate compartment 68. Because the dispenser stores and produces product for consumption, it is important to maintain the concentrate bin 68 at a temperature sufficient to inhibit the growth of potentially harmful bacteria, such as at or below 40 ° f (4.4 ℃). In one embodiment, the cabinet secondary loop 106 utilizes a capillary refrigeration control scheme because the load of the system is fairly constant.

Diluent delivery system

Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of a water supply system 78 is shown. At the back of the dispenser, potable water is introduced into the water supply 78 at inlet 114. Inlet 114 is adapted to allow a 0.5 inch (1.27cm) NPT (American pipe screw) inlet to be connected to an external water supply, such as an in-store water chiller/booster system. The incoming water may be pressurized, for example, to about 20-100psi (pounds per square inch) and pre-cooled to about 45 ° f (about 7.2 ℃). In one embodiment, the water supply 78 provides a pressurized flow of water as the primary material in a "master-slave" mixing system. Such a system adjusts the delivery rate of the secondary material (in this case the concentrate) based on the delivery rate of the primary material (in this case water), and therefore only actively adjusts the rate for one of the two components. The water supply 78 may also provide further cooling of the incoming water, such as an additional 5 ° f (about 2.8 ℃) to 40 ° f (about 4.4 ℃) by the augmentation of the refrigeration system 82. For the reasons described above, some or all of the water supply 78, including the water conduits 116a and 116b, is insulated.

Still referring to fig. 6, the water supply 78 extends with the water conduit 116a through an optional pressure regulator 118. The pressure regulator 118 may regulate the flow of water to a desired pressure and flow rate, for example, less than or equal to about 30psi and about 2 gallons (about 3.8L) per minute. The pressure adjusted water is then fed into a portion of the refrigeration system 82, specifically the BPHX 100. The further cooled water exits the BPHX 100 into line 116 b. Because the illustrated embodiment has two production lines from two concentrate supplies, here the water is split into two portions and flows into two flow meter assemblies 120a and 120b before entering the respective mixing and dispensing systems 76a and 76b, and is finally dispensed as part of the final product.

Referring now to fig. 7, the flow meter assembly 120 is designed to minimize extraneous parts, connectors, and fixtures while combining the functions of flow control and monitoring into one assembly. In one embodiment, the flow meter assembly 120 includes a manifold 122 within an integrated housing 123, the integrated housing 123 having a first arm 124 and a second arm 126. The first arm 124 provides at least one inlet 128 for fluid input and the second arm 126 provides at least one outlet 130 for fluid output. The inlet 128 is in fluid communication with the outlet 130 via a through-hole (not shown). The orientation of the second arm 126 determines the direction of fluid output. In one embodiment, the second arm 126 is configured along an axis that is about 45-60 degrees relative to the axis of the first arm 124.

Still referring to fig. 7, a flow meter or rotameter (not shown) is embedded or integrated in the first arm 124 of the manifold housing 123 downstream of the inlet 128 and upstream of the outlet 130. The flow meter responds to any fluid flow by generating an analog output signal representative of the fluid flow rate. Adjacent the flow meter on the first arm 124 is an adapter 132, the adapter 132 being configured and dimensioned for a flow meter sensor 134 to be mounted in its recess. The flow meter sensor 134 senses the output signal generated by the flow meter and communicates to the control system via wiring 136. The control system uses this information to set the pace of the concentrate pump to achieve the desired concentrate ratio, as described in the subsequent paragraph. To ensure accurate readings, an optional pressure compensated flow control valve (not shown) may be incorporated in the first manifold arm 124 upstream of the flow meter to regulate the flow of water into the flow meter. The pressure compensated flow control valve is preferably a one-way valve. Additionally, another one-way valve, such as a check valve (not shown), may optionally be embedded in the second housing arm 126 to prevent any substantial backflow toward the flow meter. The reverse flow from the mixing system can contaminate the flow meter and prevent its proper function.

Still referring to fig. 7, to minimize the amount of connecting parts in the water supply, the ports of the flow meter assembly 120 are equipped with fittings that allow the assembly to sealingly receive upstream and downstream conduits, which are preferably of standard size, such as 0.5 inch (1.27cm) in diameter. Specifically, the inlet 128 and the outlet 130 are equipped with connector assemblies 138 and 140, respectively.

The flow meter assembly 120 also includes a gate retaining valve, such as a solenoid valve 142, sealingly secured to the manifold housing 123 and located downstream of the flow meter and upstream of the outlet 130. The solenoid valve 142 can shut off and reopen the flow of water and it is necessary to control the flow of water from the BPHX to the mixing system. In the illustrated embodiment, the solenoid valve 142 is pre-manufactured and then secured to the manifold housing 123 by screws 144.

Referring now to fig. 8, more detailed details of the flow meter assembly 120 are shown in an exploded view. To manufacture the assembly 120, in one approach, all commercially available pressure compensated flow control valves 145, flow meters 146 with turbines 148, and check valves 150 are provided. Manifold housing 123 may then be manufactured, for example, by injection molding using food grade thermoplastics as set forth in the National Science Foundation (NSF) listing, with pressure compensated flow control valve 145, flow meter 146 and check valve 150 assembled therein, arranged in fluid down-flow order along the through-bore of the manifold. For the particular manifold configuration illustrated herein, the port plug 152 is used to seal off the reserve port 153 on the housing 123. The commercially available solenoid valve 142 is then secured to the manifold housing 123 by the two-way bolt screw 144 and the top nut 154.

Still referring to fig. 8, after the manifold housing 123 is manufactured, connector assemblies 138 and 140 may be fitted to the inlet 128 and the outlet 130, respectively. In one embodiment, the connector assembly is a quick-disconnect fitting and may include an expandable member configured to be mounted within the interior of the port to sealingly receive the connecting conduit. As shown herein, each of the connector assemblies 138 and 140 may include a barbed expandable member 156 with an external O-ring 158 for sealing. In one embodiment, the expandable member 156 includes a plurality of extensions arranged in a circle and separated by slits. Such a connector assembly is available, for example, from Pckhenifen, Inc. of Ravenna, Ohio (Parker Hannifin Corporation of Ravenna, Ohio) under the TrueSeal trademark. In addition, a flow meter sensor 134 may be secured to the flow meter assembly 120 by an adapter structure 132 on the manifold housing 123.

By integrating multiple components into a manifold-based assembly, such as a pressure compensated flow control valve, a flow meter (and/or its transducer adapter), a solenoid valve, and a check valve, the present invention economically incorporates all of these components into an easily serviceable assembly having only two openings. Furthermore, the assembly is designed such that these limited number of openings can be equipped with connectors that can be sealingly connected to other pipes by simple axial movement without the aid of any tools, further enhancing serviceability. The integrated assembly also makes it easier to manufacture a tightly molded insulating wrap or jacket around the integrated assembly.

Concentrate delivery system

Referring to fig. 9, in one embodiment of the invention, a concentrate delivery system 74 delivers the concentrate from the reservoir to a mixing and dispensing system 76, in which mixing and dispensing system 76 the concentrate is combined with a diluent (e.g., potable water), and the two are mixed together prior to dispensing. Fig. 9 shows the dispenser embodiment 50 of fig. 1 and 2 with the front door removed and one of the two production lines depicted in a partially exploded view.

Concentrate, which may be liquid or semi-liquid and may contain solid components, such as juice or serum concentrate with or without pulp, slush, etc., is loaded into the concentrate bin 68 in the form of a package. The package may be a flexible semi-rigid or rigid container. A concentrate holder 70 may be provided to accommodate the concentrate package. In one embodiment, the concentrate holder 70 is a rigid box with a hinged lid that opens to expose a ramp 162 separate from or integral with the holder housing to assist in the discharge of concentrate from its packaging. The ramp 162 may be planar or curvilinear to better accommodate the package. The concentrate holder 70 may also have corresponding ridges 164 and grooves 166 on its housing (e.g., the cover 160 and its opposing sides 168) to aid in stacking and stable parallel placement. The concentrate holder 70 may also have a finger grip or handle that is easily grasped by an operator from the front of the concentrate bin compartment 68 to facilitate removal of the holder. For example, a vertical groove 165 near the edge of the retainer 70 may serve the function described.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the concentrate package moves with the drain 72, which is seated in the opening 170 at the bottom of the concentrate holder 70. The concentrate holder 70 may include a tab or similar structure to facilitate locking of the drain 72 in a preferred position in the opening 170 to prevent buckling or misalignment that could impede pump operation. Furthermore, such a locked position may ensure the correct function of the sensor monitoring the liquid flow in the discharge tube. The drain tube 72 extends out of the concentrate holder 70 and is connected to a tube adapter 171 on top of the pump head 172. Below the tube adapter 171 is an elongated cylindrical piston housing 176, in which piston housing 176 a piston 177 actuated by a rotating shaft (not shown) driven by a motor 181 moves to transfer concentrate from the tube adapter 171 to a mixing housing 178. Within the mixing housing 178 is the portion of the mixing nozzle 80, the top surface 182 of the mixing nozzle 80 and the top interior surface of the mixing housing 178 forming a mixing chamber 184. The water is also conveyed into the mixing chamber 184 where mixing occurs. The reconstituted product is then dispensed through the discharge outlet 186 of the mixing nozzle 80.

Still referring to fig. 9 and 10, the pump head 172 is mounted to the adapter plate 188 by a locking ring 190. In one embodiment, the lock ring 190 has a feedback structure that ensures that the lock ring 190 is in the correct locked position. As a result, the dispenser machine 50 will not be energized unless the pump head 172 and locking ring 190 are properly assembled. An example of such a feedback structure is a magnet 192 that activates a reed switch 194 (fig. 10) that is positioned behind the adapter plate 188 in a position corresponding to the correct locked position of the magnet 192.

Referring now to FIG. 11, in a more detailed view, the piston 177 is shown extending out of the upper opening 196 of the adapter plate 188. The piston 177 has a U-shaped recess 180 (better shown in fig. 12) that temporarily holds the concentrate during operation. Still referring to fig. 11, as the piston 177 conveys the concentrate from the discharge tube 72 toward the nozzle top surface 182, pressurized cooling water is forced out of the lower opening 198 of the adapter plate 188 to mix with the concentrate. The mixed product then flows through the opening 202 in the nozzle top surface 182.

In accordance with a feature of the present invention and referring back to FIG. 10, the piston 177 is, for example, part of a positive displacement pump, such as a nutating pump or a valveless piston pump, such as those available from Miropump, Inc. of Vancouver, Washington. Nutation is defined as the oscillation of the axis of any rotating body. The positive displacement pump is described in detail in commonly owned U.S. application serial No. 10/955,175 entitled "positive displacement pump" filed on 30/9/2004, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference wherever applicable. The nutating pump described is a direct drive positive displacement pump for moving liquid from a starting point (in this case, tube adapter 171) to a destination (here, mixing chamber 184). The piston 177 is configured to rotate about its axis such that its U-shaped recess 180 faces up towards the tube adapter 171 to load the concentrate and at the end of a cycle down towards the mixing chamber 184 to unload its contents. At the same time, the piston 171 also oscillates back and forth in the direction indicated by arrow 204, providing additional positive force to deliver the concentrate.

One advantage of using positive displacement pumps, such as nutating or valveless piston pumps, as opposed to progressive cavity pumps or peristaltic pumps, is increased immunity to wear or changes in concentrate viscosity. Prior art pumps often suffer from inconsistencies in delivery due to machine wear or the need to interrupt cycles; these pumps also face the problem of low viscosity limitations, since higher viscosity concentrates require more power from these pumps. In contrast, positive displacement pumps can deliver a wide range of viscosity concentrate loads in a consistent manner and without the need for speed adjustment. Thus, in order to deliver a predetermined amount of concentrate, the pump speed need only be set once.

In one embodiment, the pump is equipped with an encoder to monitor the number of revolutions of the piston, for example, an amount of 1/32 (about 0.0009L) ounces of concentrate per revolution. An encoder may be disposed on the rotating shaft of the pump motor to count the number of revolutions the piston has rotated relative to the water flow. The control system determines the number of pump revolutions from two pieces of information: a predetermined, desired mixing ratio between concentrate and water, and a flow rate of water sensed by the flow meter assembly.

Still referring to fig. 10, optionally, the control system may be programmed to ensure that the pump piston 177 returns to the intake position at the end of each dispensing operation. By having the U-shaped recess of the piston on the suction stroke facing upwards, the inlet point of the mixing chamber 184 to the concentrate will be completely sealed to prevent any leakage of the concentrate. This also allows water to flush and clean the outlet of the pump and the mixing chamber 184 during and after each dispense cycle, which water enters the mixing chamber 184 at the port 76 of the water supply 78.

Hybrid dispensing system

The mixing and dispensing system 76 provides a common space for concentrate and diluent to merge and mix. The mixing and dispensing system 76 also includes a portion to facilitate mixing. Referring back to fig. 9, in one embodiment, the mixing and dispensing system 76 includes a mixing housing 178 and a mixing nozzle 80. As previously described, the top of the mixing nozzle 80 fits into the mixing housing 178 and forms a mixing chamber 184 (FIG. 10) therebetween. In one embodiment, the mixing housing 178 is manufactured as part of the pump head 172.

Referring now to fig. 11, in accordance with one feature of the invention, an obstruction or flow diverter 200 on the nozzle top surface 182 faces the incoming diluent flow and forces the diluent to be injected into the incoming concentrate flow unloaded by the piston 177. In the example where the diluent is water, the incoming water flow enters the mixing chamber through the lower plate opening 198 and then enters the water inlet 206 (FIG. 10) of the mixing chamber housing 178 (FIG. 10). The turbulence created by the redirected water flow continues through the entire dispense cycle and effectively creates a uniform and well-mixed mixture of concentrate and water.

The mixture then flows through the opening 202 of the nozzle top surface 182 and through the remainder of the mixing nozzle 80 before exiting the discharge outlet 186 (fig. 9). In one embodiment, the mixture of concentrate and water is maintained in the mixing chamber after dispensing the desired product for the "end" operation.

Fig. 13A, 13B, and 13C depict one embodiment of a mixing nozzle 80 according to the present invention. The nozzle body 189 has an inlet section 191, an outlet section 195, and a pressure reducing section 193 therebetween. The nozzle body 189 extends along the rotational axis 197 and defines a liquid passage 199 from the inlet section 191 to the outlet section 195. The inducer 191 includes a nozzle tip 261 and an obstruction structure or diverter 200 on the nozzle tip 261. The depressurization section 193 includes a depressurization chamber 263 between the nozzle top 261 and the chamber floor 264. Decompression chamber 263 may be partially divided into a plurality of chambers by a plurality of walls 266. In each chamber, there is an elongated diffusion slit in the chamber floor 264 near the perimeter of the floor. There may be any number of diffusion slits, for example four, of which two are depicted in the figure with reference 268a and 268 b. The diffusion slits 268 are farther from the nozzle axis 197 than the inlet opening 202 to direct the flow of liquid toward the nozzle periphery.

Still referring to fig. 13A-13C, the diverging slots 268 open into a funnel 270 (best shown in fig. 13C) defined by the nozzle inlet section 195. A funnel as used herein refers to a structure defining a channel in which the cross-section of one end is larger than the cross-section of the other end; the diameter of the funnel may decrease continuously towards one end, or the gradual decrease may be interrupted by sections of constant diameter. In the illustrated embodiment, the funnel 270 includes an inner wall 272, the inner wall 272 first having a constant diameter and then continuously tapering toward an edge 274 of the discharge outlet 186 from top to bottom.

With particular reference to fig. 13C, the liquid passage 199 of the nozzle begins at the entrance opening 202 of the nozzle top surface 182. The nozzle top surface 182 serves as a floor for the mixing chamber when the nozzle body 189 is partially inserted in the mixing housing. While the nozzle top surface 182 may be flat, in a preferred embodiment it is slightly curved beside the entrance opening 202 at the lowest point of the floor to facilitate gravity drainage. The initial portion of the nozzle passage 199 is an inlet channel 262 of constant diameter that extends from the inlet opening 202 through the nozzle tip 261 and into the depressurization chamber 263. In one embodiment, the inlet opening 202 is designed to be relatively restricted compared to the size of the nozzle top surface 182, so that a significant increase in the average cross-sectional area of the fluid passage 199 greatly reduces the pressure and momentum of the liquid stream as the post-mix product flows through the inlet channel 262 and into the depressurization chamber 263. The pressure drop caused by the depressurization chamber 263 serves to reduce splashing when the product is dispensed. In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the depressurization chamber 263 is at least 20 times, preferably 50 times, and more preferably 100 times greater than the cross-sectional area of the inlet passage 262. In one embodiment, the inlet opening 202 has a diameter of 0.125 inches (about 3.2mm) and the depressurization chamber 263 has a diameter of 1.375 inches (about 3.5cm), thus a 121-fold increase in cross-sectional area.

Both the nozzle top 261 and the chamber floor 264 have grooves around their peripheries that each receive an O-ring 276a/276 b. The O-ring seals the interior of the mixing housing when the nozzle body 189 is locked.

Still referring to fig. 13C, the rear of the nozzle passage 199 includes a funnel 270. The diffusion slit 268 leading to the funnel may have various shapes including oval, kidney bean, circular, rectangular, fan, arc, and the like. Diffusion slits 268 are positioned along the chamber floor 264 to direct the product stream toward the inner funnel wall 272. As the product flows down the funnel wall 272, splashing is further reduced, as opposed to the mid-free fall of the passage 199. The increase in cross-sectional area of the flow path as it passes from the diffusion slit 268 into the funnel 270 also tends to slow the flow. The shape of the funnel 270, as it tapers continuously for a substantial portion toward the bottom edge 274, also tends to create a helical flow pattern as the flow returns to a central position toward the nozzle axis 197. The intermediate product stream makes it easier to receive the entire product in the waiting receiver.

The segments of the nozzle body 189, as well as the various other structures described herein, may be manufactured and assembled separately prior to use, or alternatively, may be manufactured as a single piece. The nozzle body 189 should be sized so that at least the inducer 191 and the depressurize section 193 fit into a nozzle housing, such as the mixing housing 178 (FIG. 10). The nozzle may be made from a variety of food safe materials including stainless steel, ceramics and plastics.

Referring back to fig. 13A, 13B and 13C, the diverter 200 provides a raised blocking surface 201, the blocking surface 201 changing the direction of the incoming water flow. The flow splitter 200 is depicted as being substantially cylindrical, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the flow splitter 200 may have any of a variety of geometries. The barrier surface 201 is designed to maximize contact between the water and the concentrate. In this case, the blocking surface 201 changes the direction of the pressurized water flow such that the water flow merges frontally with the incoming concentrate flow, i.e. the two flows merge at an angle close to 180 degrees, or at an obtuse angle. Referring back to fig. 11, the blocking surface 201 creates a spray pattern as it redirects the water, causing water molecules to jump out of the surface in various directions, as indicated by arrows 203a and 203 b. The incoming concentrate stream moves generally in the direction of gravity descent as indicated by arrow 205. The two streams meet at an angle 207. In one embodiment, the angle 207 is greater than 90 degrees, and preferably greater than 120 degrees.

The blocking surface 201 may have various geometries that are flat or non-flat, uniform, or segmented. For example, the blocking surface 201 may be concave or convex, corrugated, etc. In the illustrated embodiment, the blocking surface 201 is a concave surface to create a wide thin forceful spray pattern of diverted water that cuts into the concentrate stream and creates a turbulent pattern within the mixing chamber. This turbulent flow pattern results in a uniformly mixed product that is then forced into the opening 202 on the nozzle top surface 182. The edges of the stop face 201 may be sharp or blunt. In one embodiment, to avoid injury to the operator, the top of the diverter 200 is ground flat or rounded.

To ensure that the blocking surface 201 substantially faces the flow of water introduced into the mixing chamber, i.e., locks the nozzle body 189 in a predetermined orientation within the mixing chamber, certain locking features may be added to the nozzle. Referring to fig. 13B and 13C, in one embodiment, the blocking surface 201 is positioned asymmetrically with respect to the nozzle axis 197, thus providing a locking feature that is also asymmetric with respect to the nozzle axis 197 to determine the orientation of the nozzle. In one embodiment, this locking structure includes an asymmetric collar that is integral with the nozzle body 189. Specifically, the asymmetric collar may be a D-shaped collar 278 located between the chamber floor and the middle collar 280 and having a flat side 279. Between the D-shaped collar 278 and the intermediate collar 280 is a locking groove 282 that engages an adapter plate as described below. Both the D-shaped collar 278 and the intermediate collar 280 are preferably integral with the remainder of the nozzle body 189.

Still referring to fig. 13B and 13C, another locking structure may be a set of protrusions extending along the nozzle axis 197. In one embodiment, the protrusions are a pair of winged handles 284 and 286, the winged handles 284 and 286 occupying different spans along the exterior of the nozzle body 189. Locking handle 284 projects just upward from below lower collar 288 and terminates at a height flush with the top of intermediate collar 280. Regular handle 286 also extends upward just below lower collar 288, but terminates below the top of intermediate collar 280.

The use of the locking structure and the mounting of the mixing nozzle will now be described. Referring now to fig. 14A and 14B, there are corresponding locking structures in the adapter panel 290 that facilitate the mounting and locking of the mixing nozzle. In one embodiment (fig. 9), an adapter panel 290 is fixedly located behind the front door, and below the mixing chamber 184: its spatial relationship with respect to the water path is fixed and known. The adapter panel 290 defines one or more openings 292 that are sized and shaped to pass the asymmetric collar 278, but not the larger intermediate collar 280 of the nozzle body 189 (fig. 13C). As shown in the top view provided in fig. 14A, in this particular embodiment, the asymmetric collar 278 is D-shaped, as is the adapter opening 292.

Referring to fig. 14B, which provides a bottom view of adapter panel 290, D-shaped opening 292 is located within a mostly circular recess such that the recess is lowered from the rest of panel 290, and the edges of D-shaped opening 292 are surrounded by recessed floor 294. Recessed rim 296 is sized and shaped to snugly fit intermediate nozzle collar 280. In addition to the circular portion that mates with the intermediate nozzle collar 280, the recess has an arcuate locking groove 298; the locking groove 298 is designed to determine the locking and unlocking sequence in cooperation with the locking handle 284 (fig. 13C). Specifically, the locking groove 298 is sized so that the top of the locking handle 284 fits snugly therein and is able to rotate back and forth between one side 299 and the other side 300 of the locking groove, causing the remainder of the nozzle body to rotate therewith.

In operation, referring to fig. 13B and 14B, nozzle inlet section 191 and nozzle pressure reduction section 193 are inserted through opening 292 from below adapter panel 290. Because of its asymmetrical shape, the flat side 279 of the D-shaped collar 278 must be aligned with the flat side 297 of the opening 292. The middle nozzle collar 280 will not pass through the adapter opening 292 but will remain within the recessed rim 296 of the panel against the recessed floor 294. At this point, the nozzle body 189 is in the unlocked position with the locking handle 284 abutting the "unlocked" side 299 of the locking groove 298. The unlocked position is depicted in fig. 15, which shows the recessed floor 294 of the adapter panel 290 engaged within the locking groove 282 intermediate the nozzle D-ring 278 and the nozzle intermediate ring 280, with the locking handle 284 facing the front and back of the mixing chamber 184.

Referring back to fig. 13B and 14B, the orientation of the locking groove 298 determines that the locking handle 284 may only be rotated counterclockwise (note that fig. 14B is a view taken from the bottom) until the locking handle 284 stops on the "locking" side 300 of the locking groove 298. The locking position is depicted in fig. 16, in which fig. 16 the raised blocking surface 201 directly faces the incoming water flow in the direction of the opening 198. To unlock the nozzle, the sequence of motions described above is reversed by simply rotating the handles 284 and 286 clockwise until they stop in the unlocked position shown in FIG. 15. The operator may then use the lower nozzle collar 288 as a gripping aid to pull the nozzle body 189 downward from the opening 292 of the adapter panel 290.

Control system

To monitor and control the operation of the various systems within the dispenser, a control system is provided. The control system may include a microprocessor, one or more printed circuit boards, and other components known in the industry for performing various computing and memory functions. In one embodiment, the control system maintains and regulates the functionality of the refrigeration system, the diluent delivery system, the concentrate delivery system, and the mixing and dispensing system. More specifically, the control system relates to:

refrigeration system: the placement of the monitoring filter, the starting of the water cooling loop and the supporting of the water cooling loop are superior to those of the box body cooling loop;

diluent delivery system: adjusting one or more gate hold switches that control water flow at various positions, adjusting pressure of the water flow, receiving and storing a flow rate output;

concentrate delivery system: monitoring pump head lock-up, receiving and storing information about concentrate containing desired product mix ratio, determining concentrate status, calculating and adjusting pump speed and charge, controlling piston position;

hybrid dispensing system: starting cleaning of the system and dispensing the correct filling amount; and

diagnosis: identify errors and provide corrective instructions.

The above scheme is meant to provide general guidance and should not be considered as a strict description, as the control system often works with more than one system to perform a specific function. In performing the cooling-related functions, the control system as described above ensures: if the filter is not properly installed, the refrigeration system is not energized. In this case, the control system may also provide diagnostic information to be displayed that alerts the operator to install the filter. The control system also monitors the amount of water that has passed through the flow meter via the output signal from the flow meter and allows the water cooling main circuit to be activated only after a sufficient amount of water has passed, for example 21 ounces (about 0.62L), to prevent freezing of the water pipes.

However, once the water-cooled primary loop has been activated, the control system supports the water-cooled primary loop over the tank-cooled secondary loop. The control system also ensures that only one refrigeration circuit is energized at any given time and that the tank cooling circuit is energized when the tank is above a predetermined temperature.

The diluent delivery system may include a gate hold switch, such as a solenoid valve, at various locations along the waterway. The control system controls operation of these switches to regulate water flow, e.g., into and out of the water cooling circuit, particularly as water enters and exits the BPHX. For example, the control system also regulates the pressure of the water flow through the pressure regulator. The output signals from the flow meter are sent to a control system for processing and storage.

Once a portion size is requested during each dispense cycle, the control system determines when the request is complete by reading the flow of water from the flow meter and increasing the amount dispensed from the concentrate pump. Each of the portions can be calibrated by a volume teaching procedure. The conditions to compensate the serving volume for adding ice can be incorporated into the control scheme.

With respect to the concentrate delivery system, the control system ensures that: if the pump head is not properly assembled with the locking ring as previously described, the dispensing system is not activated. A control system implemented according to a master-slave scheme in which water is the master and concentrate is the slave adjusts the pump speed according to the calculated fill and the detected water flow rate to achieve the desired mixing ratio. Unlike some of the prior art control mechanisms in which both the concentrate and diluent streams are actively regulated, the control scheme of the present invention actively adjusts only one parameter (pump speed) making the system more reliable, easier to maintain, and less prone to failure. At the end of each dispense cycle, the control system ensures that the position of the concentrate pump is returned to the suction position so that a seal is effectively formed between the concentrate delivery system and the mixing and dispensing system.

Referring now to fig. 17, in order to provide the control system with information regarding the packaging of the concentrate as it is loaded into the dispensing system, the present invention provides a data entry system. The system includes a tag 208a or 208b and a tag reader 210 mounted in the dispenser 50. The tag reader 210 may be an optical scanner, such as a laser scanner or a Light Emitting Diode (LED) scanner. In one embodiment, the tag reader 210 is Intermec, available from Intermec Technologies, IncE1022 Scan Engine, mounted behind the protective cover. In another embodiment, the data entry system uses radio frequency identification (RIFD) technology and the tag reader 210 is a radio frequency sensor. The label 208a is detachably attached to the concentrate discharge tube 72, preferably in the form of a sticker, tape, sticker, sheet or similar structure made of flexible material, while the label 208b is permanently connected to the concentrate discharge tube 72, for example printed directly onto the concentrate discharge tube 72. In one embodiment, the label 208a is made of waterproof mylar and is backed with an adhesive. Each of the tags 208a or 208b includes some machine-readable form 212 of information relating to the particular concentrate package with which the tag is associated. The machine-readable form 212 may be an optically, magnetically, or electronically readable form, or other readable form. In one embodiment, the machine-readable form 212 is readable by radio frequency. The information may include: data on the desired ingredient ratio between concentrate and diluent in the post-mix product, whether the product requires a low (ice-bearing product) or high (ice-free product) loading of the concentrate for any given serving size, expiration date to ensure food safety, taste indication of the concentrate, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the tag includes some unique information about each package, enabling the generation of a unique and package-specific identifier. For example, the label may indicate exactly when the concentrate is packaged in seconds, which is generally unique for each package.

Referring now to fig. 18, in the example of a label, data is displayed in the form of a barcode corresponding to the parameters graphically displayed herein. Specifically, the first data set 214 represents a packing date of "1/7/2000", and the second data set 216 represents a packing time in "hour-minute-second" format (the illustrated embodiment uses a random integer of five digits). The third data set 218 represents indicia of the desired ingredient ratio between diluent and concentrate in the post-mix product, which in this particular example is 5: 1. The fourth data set 220 represents the validity period of the package "1 month 1 day 26 year 2000". A fifth data set 222 represents the state of ice, i.e., whether the ice is ice typically added to post-mix products derived from the concentrate. The sixth data set 224 represents the flavor label of the concentrate, in this example, "A" represents orange juice. The control system is programmed to translate each data set into actual information according to a preset formula.

Once the reader 210 obtains package-specific information from the tag 208a or 208b, the reader 210 sends the information to the control system. The control system can then display this information to the user: regulating product mixing and dispensing, monitoring the amount of remaining concentrate, and monitoring the freshness of the concentrate to ensure safe consumption.

Referring now to FIG. 19, the operational steps associated with the data entry system are illustrated. At step 226, the concentrate holder with the empty or expired concentrate package is removed from the concentrate compartment. Then, at step 228, it is determined which side of the dispenser is the side from which the holder was removed or the side that was emptied. An internal flag is set for the controller regarding the purge/output state. This can be done in various ways. For example, the machine may have a sensor that monitors the position of the concentrate holder, or may manually teach which side of the machine is the side from which concentrate is removed. In one embodiment, a magnet is embedded in the concentrate holder (e.g., bottom) such that removal of the holder triggers a reed switch at a corresponding location within the dispenser, thereby sending a removal signal to the control system.

Still referring to fig. 19, once the controller knows that the concentrate holder has been removed from the dispenser, the controller activates a label reader, such as an optical scanner, at step 230 and turns on an indicator, such as red and amber LEDs, for the side to be acted upon, at step 232. At step 234, the operator refills the holder with a new concentrate package and places the holder back into the dispenser. At step 236, the operator manually supplies a new label to the activated scanner on the new discharge tube and scans the barcode. Alternatively, the tag is automatically detected and read by a sensor or reader in the dispenser. In step 238, control determines whether the scan was successful. If not, the controller directs the operator to rescan the barcode in step 240. However, if the scan is successful, the scanner is powered down and a unique product identifier is generated by the controller in step 242. This unique identifier unique to each concentrate package is maintained in a record table on the controller as a permanent record to prevent product mixing.

Because the control system adjusts the pump speed and the pump delivers a set amount of concentrate with each cycle, the control system can monitor the amount of concentrate dispensed from a particular package at any given time and assign information for a unique identifier. Thus, the control system can calculate and display the theoretical amount remaining in a given package, or alert the operator when there is a shortage of concentrate. Once the package is emptied, the controller marks the associated identifier with an invalid status and does not allow the package to be reinstalled. The control system will also use the unique product identifier to monitor how many times the package associated therewith has been installed and to continuously monitor the usage of the concentrate throughout the life of the package. If the package is removed from the dispenser before full use, the controller will identify the package when it is remounted in the dispenser and count down the volume from the last recorded level.

Referring again to fig. 19, the unique identifier is used to monitor and adjust other aspects of concentrate usage. For example, in step 244, control determines whether the concentrate has expired or exceeded an optimal use date. At step 246, if the response is positive, the controller marks the product identifier and does not allow any further dispensing from the current package. At step 248, a warning signal is displayed, for example by two red LEDs. The controller also restarts the scanner and the process reverts to step 234 to begin replacing the package. However, if it is determined at step 244 that the concentrate has not expired, the controller continues to determine whether the barcode is still valid at step 250. If the response is negative, step 248 and subsequent steps are initiated. If the response is positive, step 252 is initiated where the settings for the desired ingredient ratio and information previously obtained from scanning the package label are processed. In step 254, the controller also determines from the scanned information about the label whether ice is normally needed in the post-mix product.

Based on the information collected in steps 252 and 254, the controller calculates the amount of concentrate required for each serving size requested by the operator. At step 256, the default load is used for all portion sizes when ice is not required for the post-mix product as indicated. Otherwise, at step 258, if ice is indicated as being needed, the charge is biased by a predetermined value. In either case, the controller proceeds to step 260 to update the dispenser display with the correct flavor label also obtained from the scanning of the label in step 236.

In accordance with one feature of the invention, the control system is programmed and configured to adjust the mixing and dispensing process to achieve consistency in the ratio of ingredients, such as between about 10: 1 and about 2: 1 between the diluent and concentrate. The control system requires two pieces of information to accomplish this task: the desired ratio of components and the flow rate of diluent. As previously described, the desired component ratios may be obtained through a data entry system in which the tags provide information to the controller. The flow rate of the diluent is received as an output signal generated by a metering device, such as a flow meter, which is in electrical communication with a control circuit. In addition to setting the rate at which the concentrate is delivered, the control system also determines the duration of the dispense cycle based on the portion size information (i.e., the particular portion size requested) and whether ice is required in the post-mix product (this final information is also preferably from the package label).

In embodiments where a positive displacement pump (e.g., a nutating pump) is used to draw the concentrate into contact with the diluent to form the mixture, the motor is configured to actuate the nutating pump and the amount of concentrate delivered per motor rotation is fixed. Thus, the encoder may be configured to adjust the rotational speed of the motor and the delivery rate of the concentrate. A control system in electrical communication with the encoder sends commands to the encoder once it has calculated the required speed and/or duration for a given dispense cycle. Thus, the appropriate amount/volume of concentrate is added to each dispensing cycle.

For example, the controller receives a desired ingredient ratio between water and concentrate of 10: 1 from the packaging label. Further, the flow meter sends a signal to the controller: the water flows at a rate of about 4 ounces (about 0.12L) per second. This means that the concentrate needs to be pumped at a rate of about 0.4 ounces (about 0.012L) per second. Since each revolution of the pump piston consistently delivered 1/32 ounces (about 0.0009L) of concentrate, the controller set the piston to run at 12.8 revolutions per second. If a 21 ounce (about 0.62L) portion is requested for the dispense cycle and no ice is required in the product based on the package label, the controller determines that the dispense cycle should last about 4.8 seconds.

In addition, the control system may adjust the motor speed of the pump. The encoder sends a feedback signal to the controller related to the current rotational speed, and the controller then sends back an adjustment signal according to the desired component ratio and the water flow rate detected by the flow meter. This is required when the water flow rate fluctuates, for example when multiple pieces of equipment share the water supply. This is also required when the desired ratio of the components in the post-mix product needs to be adjusted, as opposed to having a fixed value. A preferred embodiment of the control system automatically adjusts the pump speed to ensure that the desired ingredient ratio is always provided in the post-mix product.

Any of the foregoing published patent documents and publications are incorporated herein by reference for any purpose desired.

While the present invention has been described with respect to certain embodiments so that aspects thereof may be more fully understood and appreciated, it is not intended to limit the invention to these specific embodiments. On the contrary, the intent is to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as included within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (20)

1. A beverage dispenser, the beverage dispenser comprising:

a manifold in fluid communication with at least one inlet for fluid input and at least one outlet for fluid output;

a first connector assembly configured to be mounted within the inlet for sealingly receiving an upstream conduit;

a refrigeration system in fluid communication upstream of the first connector assembly;

a pressure regulator in fluid communication upstream of the refrigeration system;

a second connector assembly configured to be mounted within the outlet for sealingly receiving a downstream conduit;

a mixing and dispensing system in fluid communication downstream of the second connector assembly;

a flow meter integrated in the manifold downstream of the inlet and upstream of the outlet, the flow meter responsive to fluid flow by generating an output indicative of a rate of the fluid flow;

an adapter adjacent to the flow meter and configured to receive a sensor for sensing and transmitting the output produced by the flow meter;

a pressure compensated flow control valve integrated in the manifold upstream of the flow meter configured to regulate fluid flow into the flow meter; and

a gate retention valve secured to the manifold downstream of the flow meter and upstream of the outlet, the gate retention valve configured to control the fluid flow.

2. The beverage dispenser of claim 1, wherein: the manifold is injection molded.

3. The beverage dispenser of claim 1, wherein: the gate holding valve includes a solenoid valve.

4. The beverage dispenser of claim 1, wherein: further comprising a one-way valve integrated in the manifold downstream of the flow meter to prevent any substantial backflow towards the flow meter.

5. The beverage dispenser of claim 4, wherein: the one-way valve comprises a check valve.

6. The beverage dispenser of claim 1, wherein: at least one of the first and second connector assemblies includes a quick release coupling.

7. The beverage dispenser of claim 1, wherein: at least one of the first and second connector assemblies includes an O-ring.

8. The beverage dispenser of claim 1, further comprising an integrated housing containing at least the pressure compensated flow control valve, the manifold, and the flow meter.

9. The beverage dispenser of claim 1, wherein: the sensor is adapted to communicate the output to a controller for controlling the dispensing of the concentrate fluid in response to the output.

10. A beverage dispenser, the beverage dispenser comprising:

a manifold in fluid communication with at least one inlet for fluid input and at least one outlet for fluid output;

a first connector assembly including an O-ring and configured to be mounted within the inlet for sealingly receiving an upstream conduit;

a second connector assembly comprising an O-ring and configured to be mounted within the outlet for sealingly receiving a downstream conduit;

a flow meter integrated in the manifold downstream of the inlet and upstream of the outlet, the flow meter responsive to fluid flow by generating an output indicative of a rate of the fluid flow;

an adapter adjacent to the flow meter and configured to receive a sensor for sensing and transmitting the output produced by the flow meter;

a gate retention valve secured to the manifold downstream of the flow meter and upstream of the outlet, the gate retention valve configured to control the fluid flow;

a refrigeration system in fluid communication upstream of the first connector assembly;

a pressure regulator in fluid communication upstream of the refrigeration system;

a mixing and dispensing system in fluid communication downstream of the second connector assembly; and

a pressure compensated flow control valve integrated in the manifold upstream of the flow meter configured to regulate fluid flow into the flow meter.

11. The beverage dispenser of claim 10, wherein: further comprising a one-way valve integrated in the manifold downstream of the flow meter to prevent any substantial backflow towards the flow meter.

12. The beverage dispenser of claim 10, wherein: the first connector assembly includes a first expandable member and the second connector assembly includes a second expandable member.

13. The beverage dispenser of claim 12, wherein: each of the first and second expandable members includes a plurality of tabs arranged in a circle and separated by slits.

14. The beverage dispenser of claim 10, wherein: at least one of the first and second connector assemblies includes a quick release coupling.

15. The beverage dispenser of claim 10, wherein: the sensor is adapted to communicate the output to a controller for controlling the dispensing of the concentrate fluid in response to the output.

16. The beverage dispenser of claim 10 further comprising an integrated housing containing at least the manifold and the flow meter.

17. A method for manufacturing a beverage dispenser according to claim 1 or 10, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) providing an integrated housing defining a through bore from an inlet to an outlet and assembling the pressure compensated flow control valve, the flow meter and the one-way valve inside the integrated housing, wherein the pressure compensated flow control valve, the flow meter and the one-way valve are arranged in a fluid down-flow order along the through bore; and

(b) securing a gate retaining valve to the integrated housing.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein: the integrated housing is manufactured using injection molding.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein: the gate holding valve includes a solenoid valve.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein: at least one of the first and second connector assemblies includes a quick release coupling.