HK1131601B - Method and apparatus for installing an elevator without machine room during construction of a building, and use of a hoisting machine - Google Patents

Description

Method and apparatus for installing elevator without machine room during building construction and use of traction machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for installing a machine room-less elevator during the construction of a building, and to the use of a hoisting machine.

Background

In the construction of high-rise buildings, elevators are often used even before the construction of the building is completed. Elevators are required as an aid in the construction phase for many different purposes. For example, in construction-time use, they are required for transporting construction workers, and it is therefore desirable to have a solution that allows construction workers to be safely and quickly transported in the building as high as possible after each new floor is completed. Therefore, it is required that the elevator can be operated as high as possible as the building construction progresses, and the higher the height at which the elevator can safely provide service, the better. In addition, in high-rise buildings, the lower floors are usually completed and available for normal use before the upper floors are completed. In this case, the elevator must be able to serve the already completed floors in the most usual way possible, even though the high floors of the building are still under construction.

During construction, construction workers and accessories can be transported with a separately installed construction elevator, which will be removed after the building is finished, such elevators being installed e.g. on the facade of the building. The problems with these extra elevators include their high cost and the costs associated with their installation and removal. Another problem is that a building elevator like this cannot be used as a normal elevator to serve the lower building floors that have been completed.

In order to solve this problem, prior-art solutions developed for the construction-stage use of elevators are so-called jump-elevator arrangements, in which the final elevator shaft is completed synchronously with the construction of the building and at least some of the elevator shafts are provided with a temporary machine room to which the elevator car is connected. At some point during the construction, whenever a suitable number of new floors are completed, a so-called jump-lift is performed by moving the temporary elevator machine room to a higher level corresponding to the number of new floors. In this way the hoisting height of the elevator increases with these number of floors. At the same time all necessary elevator components are extended to a height corresponding to the new hoisting height in order to enable the elevator to provide normal service for the new floor level.

Problems associated with the above-described construction-stage elevator solution include: it is difficult to provide support for the temporary machine room and to raise the temporary machine room and all parts needed in correspondence with the hoisting height, such as cables, speed limiter ropes, shaft parts and other accessories, to the next floor level.

In prior art solutions, the jump-lift of the temporary machine room and other accessories is performed by using e.g. the building's own construction hoist. In this case, however, there is the problem that the elevator installation work is too dependent on the use of the building hoisting machine. During working hours the construction hoist is almost all the time lifting goods to different locations in the building and it is therefore likely that the construction hoist will not be available when desired, since it is being used in a completely different part of the building at the moment. Therefore, elevator installation is hindered and construction time becomes long. In many cases the use of the construction hoist has to be planned, for example, in such a way that the construction hoist is used as little as possible for jump-lifts, for example only after every fifth new floor has been completed. In this case, however, a further problem arises in that the topmost floors of the just completed building have to be left without elevator service for a long time until the jump-lift can be carried out again.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, solutions have been developed in which the building hoist is not needed and the temporary machine room is lifted upwards by using a hoisting device provided in the elevator shaft. An existing solution for installing construction-stage elevators without the use of a construction hoist is disclosed in international patent application specification WO 00/07923. In this solution, no external building hoist is utilized at all. Instead, a machine platform is used that supports the elevator traction motor. The machine platform is used as a temporary machine room and is raised one level at a time from a thrust platform below the machine platform by using lifting cylinders or equivalent. However, the solution according to this WO specification entails the problem that both the thrust platform and the machine platform are supported on the structure of the building still under construction, i.e. a structure that may not have been built in the manner required for final suspension, such as a floor. There is a risk that the total weight of the group comprising a plurality of elevators may be too large for the floors that have not yet been completed. Another problem with the solution according to the WO specification is that additional openings may need to be formed in the structure to accommodate the reinforcement equipment at the installation stage. A further problem with this solution is that the machine platform can only be raised one floor-to-floor distance at a time with the lifting cylinders, so that the number of jump-lifts required in high-rise buildings is large and each lifting operation always involves the same additional preparation and work, requiring a lot of extra time.

Specifications WO00/50328a2 and US5033586A describe solutions for the use of the construction phase of an elevator. In these solutions, components similar to the machine room and movable in the elevator shaft are lifted upwards from time to time according to the progress of the construction work.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks and to achieve a reliable, simple, economical and effective method and arrangement for installing an elevator without machine room during the construction of a building, which allows faster installation. Another object of the invention is to achieve a method and an arrangement for installing an elevator without machine room during the construction of a building, which does not require the use of a separate building hoisting machine as an aid and is implemented without the temporary machine room and elevator car having to be supported on the wall or ceiling structure of the unfinished building. In this way, the aim is to reduce the connections dependent on the building being constructed and to install the elevators as independently as possible. Another object is to maximize the number of floors that can be served as the construction work progresses as soon as possible after a new floor is finished. A further object of the invention is to achieve an arrangement which is substantially reusable and can be used in connection with many different building structures and elevators.

According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for installing an elevator without machine room during the construction of a building, which elevator comprises at least a hoisting machine provided with a traction sheave and an elevator car suspended by a set of hoisting ropes and adapted to be moved along guide rails, which method is implemented by using a temporary machine room movable at least in an elevator shaft, characterized in that, in the final stage of installation, the elevator is converted into an elevator without machine room by removing the temporary machine room of the elevator provided with a temporary machine room by placing the hoisting machine used in the temporary machine room in its installed position in the elevator shaft.

Preferably, the hoisting machine is set in its mounting position in the elevator shaft by releasing the hoisting machine together with the traction sheave from the temporary machine room and moving the hoisting machine together with the hoisting ropes on the traction sheave to its final mounting position.

Preferably, the hoisting machine is moved to its final installation position by turning the machine through approximately 180 ° in a vertical plane.

Preferably, the hoisting machine is rotated to its final installation position together with a guide rail section fixed to the hoisting machine, which guide rail section is fixed to the upper end of the guide rail, which guide rail has been installed in the elevator shaft in connection with the installation.

Preferably the installation is performed using a temporary working platform, which is movable in a substantially vertical direction in the elevator shaft, the temporary working platform also being provided to serve as the ceiling of the temporary machine room.

According to another aspect of the invention an arrangement is provided for installing an elevator without machine room during the construction of a building, which elevator comprises at least a hoisting machine provided with a traction sheave and an elevator car suspended by a set of hoisting ropes and adapted to be moved along guide rails in an elevator shaft, which arrangement comprises at least a temporary machine room movable in the elevator shaft, which temporary machine room is supported on elevator guide rails during installation, characterized in that the hoisting machine is installed in the temporary machine room during installation, in which the hoisting machine is so arranged and roping is performed with the hoisting ropes that, during the final phase of installation, the hoisting machine together with the hoisting ropes on the traction sheave can be moved to the final installation position in the elevator shaft.

Preferably, the hoisting machine is turned through approximately 180 ° in the vertical and horizontal plane, respectively, with respect to its final working position when the hoisting machine is in a position fixed to the temporary machine room.

Preferably, the hoisting machine together with the guide rail section is fixed to the temporary machine room in such a way that the fixing of the hoisting machine to the guide rail section is essentially a final fixing in line with the working position.

Preferably the temporary machine room is provided with diverting pulleys located substantially above the traction sheaves of the hoisting machine, the hoisting ropes being fitted to pass over these diverting pulleys from their upper side so that the hoisting ropes pass over the traction sheaves in the temporary machine room from the lower side of the traction sheave.

Preferably, in order to allow the hoisting of the temporary machine room, the temporary machine room is provided with at least a diverting pulley block and a hoisting device, and at least when performing a jump-lift, a support member provided with two diverting pulleys is mounted at the upper end of each elevator car guide rail already installed, and the hoisting ropes used for hoisting the temporary machine room are fitted to form a closed loop around the diverting pulley block, the two diverting pulleys provided on the support member and the hoisting device, so that the suspension ratio is 8: 1.

Preferably the arrangement comprises a locking mechanism in the temporary machine room, and a locking plate to be fixed to the elevator guide rails at a height corresponding to the jump-lift, to allow the temporary machine room to be locked to at least one elevator guide rail.

Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises at least a stop surface adapted to engage on the upper edge of the locking plate, a hinge and a weight member on the other side of the hinge, the weight member being adapted to hold the stop surface in a position such that the stop surface extends past the upper edge of the locking plate when the locking mechanism is in an unengaged state.

Preferably a temporary working platform movable in a substantially vertical direction is provided in the elevator shaft, which working platform is also provided to serve as the ceiling of the temporary machine room.

Preferably, the hoisting device is a Tirak hoist.

According to another aspect of the invention there is provided the use of a hoisting machine of a machine room-less elevator under construction as an elevator hoisting machine in a temporary machine room movable in an elevator shaft before the hoisting machine is placed in its installation position in the elevator shaft.

Inventive embodiments are also presented in the description part and drawings of the present application. The inventive content disclosed in the application can also be defined in other ways. The inventive content may also consist of several separate inventions, especially if the invention is considered in the light of explicit or implicit sub-tasks or with reference to advantages or sets of advantages achieved. In this case, some of the attributes included in the technical solution may be superfluous from the point of view of separate inventive concepts. Similarly, the different features presented in connection with each exemplary embodiment of the invention may be applied in connection with other exemplary embodiments within the framework of the basic concept of the invention. For example, the application according to the invention may additionally comprise the following features: in the machine room which is movable in the building phase use, the hoisting machine is used to move the elevator car between the floors of the building that have been completed as the building work progresses, and/or in the building phase use the elevator car is moved below the temporary machine room to a position which is not at the level of the completed floors.

The temporary machine room used in the invention can be a greatly simplified structure, even just a beam-structured platform, for moving in the elevator shaft and for supporting at least a part of the elevator hoisting machine and the control and electric control equipment of the elevator. The machine room preferably has a continuous floor structure over at least a part of the machine room area. The machine room preferably has a wall or fence structure on at least one or more sides. Such a wall or fence structure may be provided with gates or doors in order to provide access to and from the machine room. The machine room may also comprise a ceiling, which may cover the machine room area completely or only partially. In addition to the elevator hoisting machine and the elevator control and/or electrical control equipment, the temporary machine room can be used to accommodate even other equipment, such as speed limiters for monitoring the movement of the elevator, ventilation equipment for ventilating the machine room, equipment for moving the temporary machine room during jump-lifts and equipment for fixing the temporary machine room in place during periods between the respective jump-lifts.

A preferred method of building a machine room that can be lifted in an elevator shaft is: the floor surface made of one or more plate elements is fixed to the beam structure supporting the hoisting machine, the wall of the elevator shaft is utilized as a machine room wall and the machine room is provided with a ceiling plate which is supported to allow the ceiling plate to move together with the beam structure supporting the hoisting machine and the floor surface fixed thereto. As the machine room door, a door supported by the machine room floor and disposed directly opposite to the landing door opening of the elevator shaft or a door disposed in the landing opening may be used. When the door of the temporary machine room is arranged in the landing door opening, the door must be provided with at least one separate locking device in order to allow a controlled opening of the door.

The solution of the invention has the advantage of providing a simple and economical method and device that allows quick installation. By applying the invention, one or more of the following advantages may be achieved, for example:

elevator installation is independent of the use of the building hoist and therefore does not cause any interference with other items of construction activity, while allowing an easy scheduling;

-hoisting the temporary machine room and all required equipment with a separate hoisting device developed for the elevator;

substantially all or at least part of the weight of the temporary machine room, the elevator car and the counterweight can be supported by the elevator guide rails from the start of installation;

the elevator structure does not produce significant loads on the walls of the elevator shaft being constructed or on the building floors;

the elevator is installed on the walls and intermediate floors of the building without producing additional loads;

no additional openings and reinforcements need to be formed in the concrete structure of the building for elevator installation;

-in use during the construction phase, the speed of each lifting operation is greater than when using a conventional construction hoist;

the installation of the elevator can be started at an early stage of construction;

elevator installation progresses very quickly with the progress of the building and thus provides access to the upper floors quickly, and normal elevator service to the completed lower floors can be started very soon after they have been completed;

saving constructor time, thus contributing to faster completion of the construction project;

the hoisting machine can be easily and quickly mounted in its final position without the need for reeving;

installation environment-safe and secure fixation of the temporary machine room in combination with the jump-lift;

the large suspension ratio of the jump-lift allows a reliable and safe lifting and allows the use of a medium-sized hoisting machine in connection with the jump-lift;

less space is needed outside the building;

the facade of the building can be completed earlier than usual;

the solution without machine room saves costs of the actual machine room.

Drawings

The invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to examples and the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a simplified diagrammatic side view of an elevator installation according to the invention, in which the elevator car has been installed in the elevator shaft;

fig. 2 is a simplified diagrammatic side view of the installation situation of the elevator according to the invention, in which a first jump-lift has been carried out;

fig. 3 is a simplified diagrammatic side view of the installation situation of the elevator according to the invention, in which preparation is being made for the second jump-lift;

fig. 4 is a simplified diagrammatic side view of the installation situation of the elevator according to the invention, in which a second jump-lift has been carried out;

fig. 5 is a simplified diagrammatic side view of the installation situation of the elevator according to the invention, in which the last jump-lift has been performed;

fig. 6-9 are simplified diagrammatic side views of an elevator installation situation according to the invention implemented in the upper end of the elevator shaft in the final stage of the installation process;

fig. 10 is a simplified schematic side view of a fully installed elevator according to the invention;

fig. 11 is a simplified schematic front view of how the traction machine is mounted in place;

figure 12 is a simplified schematic side view of a temporary machine room according to the invention;

figure 13 is a simplified schematic enlarged side view of the locking arrangement of the temporary machine room when the machine room is moving upwards; and

figure 14 is a simplified schematic enlarged side view of the locking device of the temporary machine room when the machine room is locked in place.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, the apparatus and the mounting method according to the present invention will be described by taking their main aspects into consideration. Fig. 1 presents a method according to the invention for installing an elevator in a situation where a working platform 5, a temporary machine room 6 and an elevator car 3 have been installed in an elevator shaft 1.

Prior to the situation represented by fig. 1, a protective cover 8 has been provided at a suitable height at the upper end of the shaft 1 to provide protection against falling objects and weather, and the lifting support 7 has been fixed to the building structure below the protective cover. The hoisting support 7 is the only structure used in elevator installation, which is supported on a wall of a building or on an intermediate floor structure. There may also be more than one protecting cover 8 installed in the shaft by the constructor of the building. In this case, there may be, for example, two protecting covers, one above the other, vertically spaced from each other. The installation-time working platform 5, which is arranged in the elevator shaft 1 and is substantially independently movable in the vertical direction, is suspended on the hoisting support 7 by means of, for example, a Tirak hoist, hoisting ropes 10 and diverting pulleys 9 arranged on the hoisting support 7. In addition, the lifting support 7 may carry a separate goods lifter 31. The work platform 5 is relatively light and therefore does not cause too much stress on the intermediate floors and wall structures of the building. By using the working platform 5 the elevator guide rails 2 as well as the lower part of the counterweight guide rails 17 are mounted in the elevator shaft 1 and these guide rails 2 and 17 extend to a suitable height below the hoisting support 7. With the exception of the guide rails, substantially all components and devices, such as electrical equipment and landing doors required in the shaft and at the landing, are installed simultaneously substantially up to the height of the guide rails.

Once a sufficient height has been reached during installation, the counterweight frame 16 is installed in the elevator shaft 1 and a temporary machine room 6 is built in the shaft 1. The temporary machine room 6 is a design structure that allows easy assembly, easy disassembly after installation and easy reuse at a new installation site. Which comprises at least a frame structure provided with a guide means arranged to move along the elevator guide rails 2 in the same way as the guide means of the elevator car. In addition, the temporary machine room 6 is also provided with a safety device which works in substantially the same way as the safety device of the elevator car and prevents the machine room from falling too far downwards in an emergency situation. The temporary machine room 6 also carries an elevator hoisting machine 4, which hoisting machine comprises at least a traction sheave 30, a diverting pulley 29 and a control unit. The hoisting machine 4 is fixed to a short length of guide rails 2a supported on the structure of the temporary machine room in a manner corresponding to the final installation, as is more clearly shown in e.g. fig. 11. Also, the traction machine 4 is turned up and down and horizontally to the opposite position with respect to its normal operation position. In this way, the traction machine 4 is rotated by 180 ° in the vertical and horizontal planes with respect to its final operating position. The temporary machine room 6 is further provided with at least a diverting pulley 15 and a machine room hoisting device, such as a Tirak hoist 14, which is fixed to the frame structure of the temporary machine room 6 and which is used to hang the machine room on the hoisting ropes 13 and move the machine room in the vertical direction. The hoisting ropes 13 are arranged to be passed from the Tirak hoist 14 over a diverting pulley 11 placed at the end of a supporting part 12 mounted e.g. on the upper end of the guide rail 2 and then down over a diverting pulley 15 below the machine room and after that back to the Tirak hoist 14, the hoisting ropes 13 thus forming a closed loop. In this way the vertical forces generated by the temporary machine room 6 and the elevator car 3 are transferred to the bottom structure of the building substantially via the guide rails 2 already fixed. In the solution according to the example, the suspension ratio of the temporary machine room 6 is 8: 1, so that the machine room moves slowly and safely when lifted. The temporary machine room 6 thus constructed is self-lifting. The temporary machine room 6 is additionally provided with a locking mechanism 20 adapted to lock on a locking plate 18, which is fixed to the guide rail 2 at a suitable height, when the jump-lift is performed. The locking of the temporary machine room 6 and the structure and operation of the locking mechanism 20 will be described in more detail in connection with figures 12-14.

After the temporary machine room 6 has been mounted in place, the machine room is lifted to a higher position by means of the Tirak hoist 14 and the elevator car 3 is mounted in the elevator shaft 1 below the machine room and fixed to the temporary machine room 6 at a suitable vertical distance below the machine room 6. At the same time the hoisting machine 4 and the elevator car 3 are rigged with final hoisting ropes 28, which hoisting ropes 28 are delivered from reels 27 placed on the ground or some other suitable platform, as shown in fig. 2. The hoisting ropes 28 run via a rope locking device arranged in the temporary machine room 6 to a first diverting pulley 29 arranged in the machine room 6 above the traction sheave 30 of the hoisting machine 4 and, after passing around it from its upper side, to the traction sheave 30 of the hoisting machine 4. Having passed around the traction sheave from its lower side the hoisting ropes go further upwards to a second diverting pulley 29, around which the hoisting ropes are passed from its upper side. In the jump-lift the hoisting ropes 28 are locked to the temporary machine room 6 by means of a rope locking device, which temporary machine room is adapted to jointly pull a new length of hoisting rope when it is moved upwards.

After these preparatory work, a first jump-lift can be carried out to bring the temporary machine room to a finished floor at as high a height as possible. In the situation according to the present example, the temporary machine room is raised stepwise to the second floor. Except for the bottom floor, the floors are indicated in the figure by dotted numbers in brackets. Before the jump-lift, the locking plate 18 is fixed in place at the height of the new floor level on the guide rail 2 and the working platform 5, which is independently movable with respect to the temporary machine room 6, is raised as far as possible. The step-up lifting is carried out in the following mode: the temporary machine room 6 is lifted sufficiently by means of the Tirak hoist 14 by the assembly of the temporary machine room 6 and the elevator car 3, and at the same time the hoisting ropes 28 on the reels and other cables and ropes that may be needed, to a height that is sufficient to lift the locking mechanism 20 in the temporary machine room 6 to a height that is fixed in place beforehand above the locking plate 18 of the guide rail 2 and to lock the machine room 6 to the locking plate. In this case the lower elevator car 3 is suitably at the desired floor level, in this case at two floors. Once the temporary machine room 6 has been locked in place, the elevator car 3 is released from the temporary machine room 6 and the elevator supported by its hoisting ropes 28 is allowed to work in the normal way.

Thereafter, the installation process continues in substantially the same manner following the pace at which the new floor is built. For example, if the appropriate number of floors completed within a week, a jump-lift may be performed at the end of each week. In connection with the tasks required for the installation, the protecting cover 8 or each protecting cover 8 and the lifting support 7 are lifted upwards and the working platform 5 is moved in the vertical direction above the temporary machine room 6. With the working platform 5 the support part 12 is removed from the upper end of the already installed guide rail 2, a new guide rail is mounted on top of the existing guide rail, the support part 12 is fixed to the upper end of the new guide rail and the hoisting ropes 13 are mounted in place on the diverting pulley 11 and the locking plate 18 is fixed in place to the new guide rail 2. In addition, the components and devices required for the new floors are installed simultaneously in the shaft and at the landing with the working platform 5, as is the case at lower floors. Fig. 3 and 4 illustrate the next jump-lift, whereby the temporary machine room 6 and the elevator car 3 are raised to a height such that elevator service can be provided to the fourth floor. Fig. 3 also shows an additional shield 32 arranged above the temporary machine room 6. It may consist of, for example, a metal plate which can be turned in a suitable manner into the shielding position.

Fig. 5 and 6 show installation situations where a sufficient number of jump-lifts have been made to reach the height of the last four topmost floors. The protective cover 8 has now been removed and the final ceiling 19 is mounted on the shaft. As shown in fig. 6, short rails suitable for the final building height are installed as extensions of the preceding rails 2 and 17. At the same time, any items of equipment that may still be missing from the shaft and the floor platforms are installed, and the lifting supports 7 and the working platform 5 are removed.

In the situation according to fig. 7 and 8 the temporary machine room 6 has been driven and locked to its highest position and consequently the elevator car 3 has been taken to the third highest floor, i.e. in this case the 37 th floor. The support members 12 are removed and the topmost sections of the guide rails are installed as extensions of the previously installed guide rails 2, except for the guide rails to which the hoisting machine 4 is fixed. Thereafter, the hoisting machine 4 together with the short guide rail section 2a is released from the temporary machine room 6 and turned 180 °, i.e. into a position turned upwards with respect to the position in which the hoisting machine 4 is located in the temporary machine room 6. By being turned in this way, the short guide rail section 2a is fixed as an extension to the upper end of the guide rail 2 which has been mounted in conjunction with the installation in the elevator hoistway 1 and is still free in such a way that the hoisting machine 4 remains behind the guide rail with respect to the elevator car 3. The hoisting machine 4 turns in a vertical plane, more precisely substantially in the plane of rotation of the diverting pulley 29; the hoisting ropes are now easily detached from diverting pulley 29 with the hoisting machine 4 rotating and roping is easily performed immediately after the rotating operation. After this rotation, the diverting pulley 29 is redundant and can be removed. The plane of rotation of diverting pulley 29 in fig. 1-8 is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the paper, so that the axis of diverting pulley 29 extends in a direction substantially coincident with the plane of the paper. This solution offers the advantage in this connection that no rewiring is necessary. Fig. 11 shows a more detailed illustration of how the hoisting machine 4 is turned to its final position.

Fig. 9 and 10 show the next step. The temporary machine room 6 is e.g. removed via the topmost floor and the elevator car 3 is lifted to the top floor, e.g. by using a Tirak hoist. Thereafter any extra length that may remain in the hoisting ropes is removed, the Tirak hoist is released and the elevator is free to perform normal operations.

Fig. 12-14 show schematic diagrams of the structure and operation of the locking mechanism of the temporary machine room 6. The locking mechanism 20 is automatic and works, for example, with gravity. The mechanism 20 comprises a two-armed hook-shaped locking lever 22, which is provided with a weight element at its lower end and is hinged with its upper part to a pivot axis 23 in the frame structure of the temporary machine room 6. The arms of the locking lever 22 form an angle between them substantially in the region of the hinge 23. In addition, the upper arm 21 has a stop face 26 on its lower surface adapted to engage the upper edge of the locking plate 18, for example after a jump-lift, when the temporary machine room 6 is to be locked into its new position. Furthermore, the frame structure of the temporary machine room 6 is provided with a fixed back stop 25 for bracing against the lower lever arm of the locking lever 22 during the locking operation. The locking mechanism 20 and the locking plate 18 are dimensioned relative to each other such that the weight element 24 arranged on the other side of the hinge 23 relative to the stop surface 26 is adapted to keep the stop surface 26 in a position such that the stop surface 26 extends over the upper edge of the locking plate 18, slightly outside the temporary machine room 6, when the locking mechanism 20 is in the unengaged stage.

The operation of the locking function is such that during the lifting of the temporary machine room 6 the locking bar 22 is in the lower position shown in solid lines in figure 13. The weight element 24 is down and thus brings the locking bar 22, which is freely supported by the hinge 23, into a balanced position. When the temporary machine room 6 is lifted upwards, the inclined upper surface of the upper arm 21 of the locking lever 22 comes into contact against the lower edge of the locking plate 18, as a result of which the locking lever 22 is turned about the hinge 23 in the direction indicated by arrow C against the force generated by the weight member 24 until the upper arm 21 of the locking lever 22 can slide upwards along the inner surface of the locking plate 18. When the upper arm 21 of the locking lever 22 moves past the locking plate 18 and rises far enough above its upper edge, the weight element 24 turns the locking lever 22 in the direction of arrow D into the locking position shown in fig. 14, in which the stop surface 26 of the upper arm 21 of the locking lever 22 contacts the upper edge of the locking plate 18 and the temporary machine room 6 is automatically locked in place. The supporting force of the locking plate 18 still tends to lift the upper arm 21 of the locking lever and rotate the locking plate about the hinge 23 in the direction of arrow D, but the backing stop 25 prevents this movement and the locking lever remains safely in its locking position.

It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that different embodiments of the invention are not exclusively limited to the examples described above, but that they may vary within the scope of the invention. Thus, for example, the structure and suspension of the temporary machine room may differ from the above description. Instead of the 8: 1 ratio mentioned, the suspension ratio may be 1: 1, 2: 1, 4: 1 or other suitable suspension ratio. Similarly, for its construction, the temporary machine room may have a frame structure to which the floor and ceiling are fixed, while the elevator shaft walls form the walls of the temporary machine room. The temporary machine room may also be constructed so that, in addition to the frame structure, the floor and the ceiling, it has its own side walls and doors. In another alternative the temporary machine room may be constructed such that it has a frame structure and a floor, while the ceiling consists of a suitably equipped working platform above the temporary machine room, and the elevator shaft walls serve as walls of the temporary machine room.

It is also obvious to the person skilled in the art that the number of floors covered by the jump-lift is not limited to the two floors described above, but may be any number of floors, for example 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more.

It is also obvious to the person skilled in the art that the hoisting machine used can also be another type of hoisting machine than the so-called flat hoisting machine mounted on the guide rails of the elevator car. The hoisting machine can also be a hoisting machine provided with a conventional motor and the hoisting machine can be mounted in the elevator shaft in different ways than described above.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other applicable hoists or multiple hoists may be used instead of the Tirak hoist. Similarly, the skilled person will understand that instead of using a hoisting machine or hoisting machines, the temporary machine room and/or the working platform can be moved in the elevator shaft in other applicable ways.

In addition, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the traction machine can be rotated through an angle other than 180 degrees at the final stage of installation and can be rotated in a plane different from that described above. Thus, the traction machine can be turned, for example, 0-180 degrees in the plane of rotation of the traction sheave. Here 0 degrees means that the traction sheave is already correctly oriented, so that it does not need to be turned at all in the direction of the plane of rotation of the traction sheave, but can be moved into its position without turning.

It is further obvious to the person skilled in the art that the locking mechanism of the temporary machine room may be of a different type than that described above. The locking mechanism may be, for example, a spring operated or pneumatic mechanism or a mechanism operating on other suitable principles. Furthermore, instead of a single locking mechanism, two locking mechanisms may be used, in which case separate locking mechanisms are provided on both sides of the machine room.

It is further obvious to the person skilled in the art that the individual steps of the method of the invention may differ from those described above and that they may be performed in a different order.

Claims (15)

1. Method for installing an elevator without machine room during the construction of a building, which elevator comprises at least a hoisting machine (4) provided with a traction sheave (30) and an elevator car (3) suspended by a set of hoisting ropes (28) and adapted to move along guide rails (2), which method is implemented by using a temporary machine room (6) movable at least in an elevator shaft (1), characterized in that in the final stage of installation, the temporary machine room (6) of the elevator provided with a temporary machine room (6) is removed by placing the hoisting machine (4) used in the temporary machine room (6) in its installation position in the elevator shaft (1), and the elevator is converted into an elevator without machine room.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hoisting machine (4) is placed in its mounting position in the elevator shaft (1) by releasing the hoisting machine (4) together with the traction sheave (30) from the temporary machine room (6) and moving the hoisting machine (4) together with the hoisting ropes (28) on the traction sheave (30) to its final mounting position.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hoisting machine (4) is moved to its final mounting position by turning the hoisting machine (4) through approximately 180 ° in a vertical plane.

4. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hoisting machine (4) is turned to its final mounting position together with a guide rail section (2a) fixed to the hoisting machine (4), which guide rail section (2a) is fixed to the upper end of the guide rail (2), which guide rail (2) has been mounted in the elevator shaft (1) in connection with the installation.

5. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the installation is performed using a temporary working platform (5) movable in an elevator shaft (1) in a substantially vertical direction, which temporary working platform is also provided to serve as the ceiling of the temporary machine room (6).

6. Arrangement for installing an elevator without machine room during the construction of a building, which elevator comprises at least a hoisting machine (4) provided with a traction sheave (30) and an elevator car (3), the elevator car being suspended by a set of hoisting ropes (28) and adapted to be moved along guide rails (2) in an elevator shaft (1), the arrangement comprising at least a temporary machine room (6) movable in the elevator shaft (1), the temporary machine room (6) is supported on the elevator guide rails (2) during installation, characterized in that the hoisting machine (4) is mounted in the temporary machine room (6) during installation, wherein the hoisting machine is arranged and roping is carried out with hoisting ropes (28) such that, in the final phase of installation, the hoisting machine (4) together with the hoisting ropes on the traction sheave (30) can be moved to the final installation position in the elevator shaft (1).

7. Arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the hoisting machine (4) is turned through approximately 180 ° in the vertical and horizontal plane, respectively, in relation to its final working position when the hoisting machine (4) is in a position fixed to the temporary machine room (6).

8. Arrangement according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the hoisting machine (4) together with the guide rail section (2a) is fixed to the temporary machine room (6) in such a way that the fixing of the hoisting machine (4) to the guide rail section (2a) is essentially the final fixing in line with the working position.

9. Arrangement according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the temporary machine room (6) is provided with diverting pulleys (29) located substantially above the traction sheaves (30) of the hoisting machine (4), over which diverting pulleys the hoisting ropes (28) are fitted to pass from the upper side so that the hoisting ropes pass from the lower side of the traction sheave (30) over the traction sheave (30) in the temporary machine room (6).

10. Arrangement according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, in order to allow the hoisting of the temporary machine room (6), the temporary machine room (6) is provided with at least a set of diverting pulleys (15) and a hoisting device (14), and that at least when carrying out a jump-lift, a support member (12) provided with two diverting pulleys (11) is mounted at the upper end of each elevator car guide rail (2) already installed, and that the hoisting ropes (13) for hoisting the temporary machine room (6) are fitted to form a closed loop around the set of diverting pulleys (15), the two diverting pulleys (11) arranged on the support member (12) and the hoisting device (14), so that the suspension ratio is 8: 1.

11. Arrangement according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the arrangement comprises a locking mechanism (20) in the temporary machine room (6) and a locking plate (18) to be fixed to an elevator guide rail (2) at a height corresponding to a jump-lift to allow locking of the temporary machine room (6) to at least one elevator guide rail (2).

12. A device according to claim 11, characterized in that the locking mechanism (20) comprises at least a stop surface (26) adapted to engage on the upper edge of the locking plate (18), a hinge (23) and a weight member (24) on the other side of the hinge, the weight member being adapted to hold the stop surface (26) in a position such that the stop surface (26) extends past the upper edge of the locking plate (18) when the locking mechanism (20) is in the unengaged state.

13. Arrangement according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a temporary working platform (5) movable in a substantially vertical direction is provided in the elevator shaft (1), which working platform is also provided to serve as the ceiling of the temporary machine room (6).

14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the lifting device is a Tirak hoist.

15. Use of a hoisting machine (4) of a machine room-less elevator under construction as an elevator hoisting machine in a temporary machine room (6) movable in an elevator shaft before the hoisting machine is placed in its installation position in the elevator shaft (1).