HK1124094A - Fabric treated with durable stain repel and stain release finish and method of industrial laundering to maintain durability of finish - Google Patents
Fabric treated with durable stain repel and stain release finish and method of industrial laundering to maintain durability of finish Download PDFInfo
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- HK1124094A HK1124094A HK09101666.2A HK09101666A HK1124094A HK 1124094 A HK1124094 A HK 1124094A HK 09101666 A HK09101666 A HK 09101666A HK 1124094 A HK1124094 A HK 1124094A
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Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a fabric that has been treated with a fluorochemical finish and that retains the durability of the finish after repeated industrial laundering. The fluorochemical finish imparts soil resistance, water repellency, and stain release to the fabric. The invention also relates to a method of applying a fluorochemical finish that is resistant to laundering in the textile industry. The invention also relates to textiles comprising a treatment with the durable fluorochemical finish. The invention also relates to a method for industrial laundering of fabrics treated with said fluorochemical finish or textiles comprising said treated fabrics, which method is capable of maintaining the durability of said fluorochemical finish.
Background
[0002] Fluorochemical finishes for use as fabric treatment or fabric protection agents are well known. Such fluorochemical finishes are used to keep articles of clothing or other textiles look newer for longer and to protect them from permanent damage from staining. A large class of fluorochemical finishes has been applied to anti-fouling technologies, where the finish serves primarily as an anti-fouling barrier to prevent fouling of most burrs (spills). Soil resistance is also referred to as oil repellency. The use of anti-fouling techniques has been disclosed in, for example, us patent 6,825,138. A second broad class of fluorochemical finishes has also been applied to soil removal technology, where a soil removal system is combined with a detergent in a washing process to remove all bottom soils or residual stains. The use of decontamination techniques is disclosed, for example, in U.S. patent 5,467,512.
[0003] Fluorochemical finishes have been disclosed that combine multiple technologies in a single formulation. For example, a method of imparting durable water and oil repellency and durable stain release has been disclosed in U.S. patent 6,818,253. Wash resistant fluorochemical-based treatments that impart soil resistance and moisture absorption characteristics have been disclosed in U.S. patent application 2004/0224587. However, fluorochemical finishes and fabrics treated therewith are generally not resistant to industrial laundering. The search for fabrics and textiles that retain acceptable soil, water and stain repellency over repeated industrial laundering is achievable by fluorochemical finishes that provide increased durability of this desired characteristic. Industrial laundering processes for fabrics and textiles have also been sought which improve the durability of the soil, water and stain repellent finishes applied to the fabrics and textiles.
Summary of The Invention
[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fabric comprising a polyester, wherein said fabric is treated with a finish comprising at least one fluorochemical stain repellent agent and at least one fluorochemical stain release agent, wherein said fabric has an oil repellency rating of at least 3 (as determined by AATCC test method 118-.
[0005] The second aspect of the invention also provides a process for treating a fabric with a finish to impart oil repellency, water repellency and stain release properties, said properties being resistant to repeated industrial laundering, said process comprising the steps of:
a) providing a fabric comprising polyester;
b) applying a finish comprising at least one fluorinated polyurethane stain release agent and at least one fluorinated substituted urethane stain release agent, wherein the ratio of the percentage of the at least one fluorinated polyurethane by weight of the fabric to the percentage of the at least one fluorinated substituted urethane by weight of the fabric is from about 0.2 to about 3.0; and
c) drying the fabric at a temperature of about 160 ℃ to about 200 ℃.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a textile comprising said treated fabric.
[0006] The present invention also provides a method for industrial laundering of a fabric or textile comprising the fabric, the fabric being treated with a finish comprising at least one fluorochemical stain repellent and at least one fluorochemical stain release agent to impart oil repellency and stain release, the method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a treated fabric or a textile comprising said treated fabric;
b) washing said fabric or said textile in water comprising a detergent and optionally a chlorine bleach at a temperature of from about 55 ℃ to about 65 ℃;
c) separating the wash water from the fabric or textile;
d) rinsing the fabric or the textile;
e) separating the rinse water from the fabric or textile; and
f) drying the fabric or textile to provide a dry fabric or dry textile having an oil repellency rating of at least 3 as determined by AATCC test method 118-.
[0007] The present invention also provides a method for industrial laundering of a fabric or textile comprising the fabric, which fabric is treated with a finish comprising at least one fluorinated polyurethane and at least one fluorinated substituted urethane to impart oil repellency and stain release, the method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a treated fabric or a textile comprising said treated fabric;
b) washing said fabric or said textile in water comprising a detergent and optionally a chlorine bleach at a temperature of from about 55 ℃ to about 65 ℃;
c) separating the wash water from the fabric or textile;
d) rinsing the fabric or the textile;
e) separating the rinse water from the fabric or textile; and
f) drying the fabric or textile to provide a dry fabric or dry textile having an oil repellency rating of at least 3 as determined by AATCC test method 118-.
Detailed Description
[0008] It has now been found that fabrics and textiles comprising such fabrics which have been treated with fluorochemical finishes comprising at least one fluorochemical stain repellent agent and at least one fluorochemical stain release agent retain good oil, water and stain release properties even after repeated industrial laundering at about 131-. The at least one fluorochemical stain repellent can be, for example, at least one fluorinated polyurethane and the at least one fluorochemical stain release agent can be, for example, at least one fluorinated substituted urethane. The industrial wash may be repeated a plurality of times, for example at least 5 times, or at least 30 times, or at least 40 times, or at least 50 times. The durability of the fluorochemical finish is maintained as evidenced by a soil resistance rating of at least 3, a water resistance rating of at least 3, and a stain release rating of at least 3 (tested as described in the test methods section) of the fabric or textile after industrial laundering. The durability of the stain repellant, water repellant, and soil release finish after repeated industrial laundering is unexpectedly good and significantly exceeds other fluorochemical finishes. Laundering to produce deposits on the surface of fabrics or textiles can reduce performance.
[0009] The phrase "at least one" as used herein refers to one or more.
[0010] The term "fluorochemical" as used herein refers to a polymeric material that comprises at least one fluorinated segment. The terms "fluorochemical", "fluoropolymer" and "fluorocarbon" are used interchangeably herein.
[0011] The terms "oil repellency" and "stain repellency" are used interchangeably herein to refer to the ability of a substrate to resist the penetration of oil into it. Penetration of the oil into the substrate is referred to as staining the substrate. Likewise, the term "water-resistant" is used herein to refer to the ability of a substrate to block water penetration into the substrate. Anti-fouling and water-repellent agents lower the critical surface tension of the substrate so that the oil and water form beads and slide off the substrate rather than penetrate into it.
[0012] The term "stain release" as used herein refers to the degree to which a stained substrate recovers its original, unsoiled appearance. In general, soil release agents have a lower level of repellency than soil or oil repellents and can cause stains or oils to penetrate into the substrate. The soil release agent may remove at least a portion of the stain after a washing or other cleaning step.
[0013] The term "durable" as used herein refers to a feature that maintains acceptable performance without significant degradation over multiple industrial wash cycles. "durability" of the stain and soil release finish herein refers to the ability of the finish to continue to provide acceptable stain, water and soil release properties to the treated substrate after repeated industrial laundering. Acceptable stain repellency, water repellency, and stain release properties mean a rating of at least 3 when tested according to the method described in the test methods section.
[0014] The term "textile" as used herein refers to articles including knitted, woven and non-woven fabrics. "textile" includes, for example, garments or clothing such as shirts, pants, jackets, work shirts, work pants, uniforms, paratrooper jumpsuits, work clothes, hats, gloves, outerwear, sportswear, chef coats, chef aprons, and chef hats. The textile also comprises the products such as coverlets, pillowcase, bed sheets, quilts, blankets, comforters, quilt covers, sleeping bags, shower curtains, door curtains, tablecloths, napkins, rags, dishcloths and protective covers for interior decoration or furniture.
[0015] The term "wash" as used herein refers to at least one wash cycle followed by a drying cycle, optionally also including a rinse cycle after the wash cycle and before the drying cycle.
[0016] The term "industrial wash" as used herein refers to a commercial industrial laundry washing process that typically employs a wash temperature of about 140-185 ° F (60-85 ℃) and a drying temperature of about 165-300 ° F (74-149 ℃), and a strong detergent formulation that may include chlorine bleach and an overbased compound. Typical treatment pH ranges are 9.0-12.5 and the load size can be 25-1000 lb. Industrial laundering is commonly performed on rental uniforms or other work clothes worn under conditions where staining of oily materials can occur.
[0017] The term "household wash" as used herein refers to a wash performed by a consumer in a household environment. In the United states, home laundering typically employs a wash temperature of 100 ℃ and 120 ℃ F. (38-49 ℃ C.) and a drying temperature of about 120 ℃ and 160 ℃ F. (49-71 ℃ C.). Typical treatment pH ranges are 9.0-10.0 and the load size is typically 4-8 lb. Domestic laundering conditions are generally milder and less common than the conditions under which fabrics and textiles typically subjected to industrial laundering are contacted. It is likely that home laundering conditions will extend the life expectancy of the textiles. For both industrial and domestic laundering, lower temperatures, lower pH levels, and fewer laundering times can extend the life expectancy of textiles.
[0018] It is often desirable that the fabric or textile has stain or water repellent properties and stain release properties to allow the fabric or textile to look clean and new for as long as possible. Soil resistance, water repellency, and stain release are particularly important for fabrics or textiles used in environments where staining can be easily and repeatedly performed, such as in work environments where automotive or mechanical repairs are performed, food preparation, and the like. In these types of work environments, clothing such as uniforms, parachutes, work clothes, work shirts, work pants, chef coats, chef aprons, or chef hats are often worn. These garments are typically subjected to repeated industrial laundering. It is therefore desirable for garments, fabrics or textiles used in such environments to have an anti-soil, water repellent and stain release finish that is resistant to repeated industrial laundering thereby extending the useful life of the article. This is especially critical for fabrics or textiles in the rental market, which are subjected to repeated industrial laundering.
[0019] One embodiment of the present invention is a polyester containing fabric wherein said fabric is treated with a finish comprising at least one fluorochemical stain repellent agent and at least one fluorochemical stain release agent wherein said fabric has an oil repellency rating of at least 3 as determined by AATCC test method 118-2002 and a stain release rating of at least 3 as determined by AATCC test method 130-2000 after at least 5, such as at least 30 or at least 40, or at least 50 industrial washes at from about 131F to about 149F (from about 55℃ to about 65℃), such as from about 140F to about 149F (from about 60℃ to about 65℃). Furthermore, the fabric has a Water repellency rating of at least 3 as determined by the Water Drop test method (Water Drop test method). The fabric may be of non-woven, knitted or woven construction.
[0020] Another embodiment of the present invention is a textile comprising said fabric treated with said fluorochemical finish to provide the above-described features.
[0021]The term "polyester" as used herein refers to polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate, and its meaning includes "copolymers". The polyester may be a monocomponent fiber or a bicomponent fiber. The polyester may be staple or filament. The fabric comprising polyester or textile such as uniform comprising said fabric may comprise other fibres, for example cotton, wool, rayon, polyamide fibres, polyacrylonitrile fibres, acetate fibres, spandex, NomexKevlarOr blends of other fibers, blends of two or more compositionally different polyesters, and blends in combination with any of the other fibers described above. The fabric may comprise from about 5 wt% to about 100 wt% polyester, based on the total weight of the fabric. Where the fabric further comprises cotton or another fiber or combination of fibers, the fabric may comprise from about 5 wt.% to about 95 wt.% polyester, based on the total weight of the fabric.
[0022] As used herein, "bicomponent fibers" refers to fibers in which two polymers of the same general class are intimately attached to one another along the length of the fiber, such that the fiber cross-section is, for example, side-by-side, eccentric sheath-core, or other suitable cross-section, whereby useful crimp can be formed.
[0023] The term "side-by-side" as used herein means that the two components of a bicomponent fiber are in close proximity to each other with no portion of either component in the concave portion of the other component. By "eccentric sheath-core" is meant that one of the two components completely surrounds the other component, but the two components are not coaxial.
[0024] The polyester bicomponent fiber comprises polytrimethylene terephthalate and at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate, or combinations of these ingredients, in a weight ratio of about 30: 70 to about 70: 30 and a post-heat-set crimp contraction value of at least about 10%, such as at least about 35% and at most about 80%. The polymer may be, for example, polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, or polytrimethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalate (e.g., of different intrinsic viscosities), but different combinations are also possible. Alternatively, the compositions may be similar, for example poly (trimethylene terephthalate) homopolyester and poly (trimethylene terephthalate) copolyester, optionally also having different viscosities. Other polyester bicomponent combinations are also possible, such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, or polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate (e.g., of different intrinsic viscosities), or polyethylene terephthalate homopolyester and polyethylene terephthalate copolymers.
[0025] The polyester (one-component or two-component) may be one or more copolyesters, which is included in the meaning of "polyethylene terephthalate", "polybutylene terephthalate" and "polytrimethylene terephthalate". For example, copolymerized ethylene terephthalate may be employed wherein the comonomers used to prepare the copolyester are selected from linear, cyclic and branched aliphatic dicarboxylic acids (and diesters thereof) having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms (e.g., succinic, glutaric, adipic, dodecanedioic and 1, 4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids); aromatic dicarboxylic acids (and diesters thereof) other than terephthalic acid and having 8 to 12 carbon atoms (e.g., isophthalic acid and 2, 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid); linear, cyclic and branched aliphatic diols having 3 to 8 carbon atoms (e.g., 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 3-methyl-1, 5-pentanediol, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol, 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol and 1, 4-cyclohexanediol); and aliphatic and araliphatic ether glycols having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms (e.g., hydroquinone bis (2-hydroxyethyl) ether or polyvinyl ether glycols having a molecular weight of less than about 460, including divinyl ether glycol the amount of comonomer is such that it does not detract from the advantages of the present invention, e.g., about 0.5 to 15 mole percent based on total polymer composition isophthalic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, 1, 3-propanediol, and 1, 4-butanediol are exemplary comonomers.
[0026] Copolyesters can also be prepared with small amounts of other comonomers, provided that such comonomers do not adversely affect the physical properties of the fiber. Such other comonomers include sodium isophthalate-5-sulfonate, the sodium salt of 3- (2-sulfoethyl) oxalic acid and its dialkyl esters, which may be incorporated in amounts of about 0.2 to 5 mole percent based on the total polyester. For improved acid dyeability, the (co) polyesters may also be admixed with secondary amine polymer additives, such as poly (6, 6' -iminoterephthaloyldicyclohexylamine) and its copolyamide with hexamethylenediamine, preferably phosphoric acid and its phosphate. Viscosity control may be carried out in combination with small amounts, for example from about 1 to about 6 milliequivalents per kg of polymer of a tri-or tetrafunctional comonomer, such as trimellitic acid (including its precursors) or pentaerythritol.
[0027] The polyester (one-component or two-component) may also contain effective amounts of conventional additives such as antistatic agents, antioxidants, antibacterial agents, flame retardants, lubricants, dyes, light stabilizers, optical brighteners, and delustrants such as titanium dioxide, provided that these additives do not detract from the advantages of the invention.
[0028]Fabrics comprising polyester are treated with fluorochemical finishes comprising at least one fluorochemical stain repellent and at least one fluorochemical stain release agent to impart oil repellency, water repellency and stain release properties which are resistant to repeated industrial laundering, for example at least 5 industrial laundering. Can be used forThe fluorochemical polymer used to formulate the fluorochemical finish comprises a fluorochemical urethane. Optionally these may be mixed with other fluorine-containing compounds, such as polyesters containing perfluoroalkyl groups, based on carboxylic acids and alcohols. The at least one fluorochemical stain repellent comprises at least one fluorinated polyurethane, such as Zonyl7713 (from Ciba Specialty Chemicals or E.I.du Pont de Nemours). The at least one fluorochemical detergent comprises at least one fluorinated substituted carbamate, such as Zonyl7910 (from e.i. dupont de Nemours). The ratio of the percent (% owf) of the at least one fluorinated polyurethane based on the weight of the fabric to the percent of the at least one fluorinated substituted urethane based on the weight of the fabric is from about 0.2 to about 3.0, such as from about 0.6 to about 1.4, or from about 0.6 to about 1.2. The% owf value is calculated by the amount of stain and soil release agent in the finish. For example, if the stain repellent is applied at 40g/l or about 4% by weight and the stain release is applied at 50g/l or about 5% by weight, the ratio of the stain repellent to the stain release will be 0.8. Other fluorochemical polymers or compounds that provide sufficient oil repellency, water repellency, and stain release properties to the treated fabric, optionally with the fluorochemical polyurethane, may also be used.
[0029] The finish optionally comprises other components in addition to the at least one fluorochemical stain blocker and the at least one fluorochemical stain remover. For example, at least one extender is typically used with the fluorochemical. "extenders" is a generic term for non-fluorinated materials used in combination with the fluorochemical that are inherently waterproof and are typically low melting, substantially water insoluble materials such as mineral waxes or synthetic organic polymeric materials such as low molecular weight polyethylene, polyisocyanates, non-fluorinated acrylic polymers (including polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, and polyacrylonitriles), polysiloxanes, or other relatively hydrophobic polymers (typically latex-like) such as polydiene homopolymers and heteropolymers. Extenders are commonly used to increase the efficiency of low loading fluoropolymers because extenders are less expensive than said fluoropolymers.
[0030] Optionally, the finish may further comprise an agent that provides a wrinkle-free finish (also referred to as a "permanent press", "permanent press" or "wrinkle resistant" finish) to the fabric. Crosslinking agents (e.g., dimethylol dihydroxy ethylene urea (DMDHEU), modified dimethylol dihydroxy ethylene urea, or other aminoplast resins may be used with parabolic catalysts such as inorganic magnesium salts or aluminum chloride.
[0031] Another embodiment of the invention is a method of treating a fabric with a finish to impart oil repellency, water repellency, and soil release properties that are resistant to repeated industrial laundering, comprising the steps of:
a) providing a fabric comprising one or more polyesters or one or more polyesters blended in combination with another fiber or fibers;
b) applying a finish comprising at least one fluorochemical stain repellent and at least one fluorochemical stain release agent, wherein the ratio of the percent by weight of the at least one fluorochemical stain repellent to the percent by weight of the at least one fluorochemical stain release agent to the weight of the fabric is from about 0.2 to about 3.0; and
c) drying the treated fabric at a temperature of about 160 ℃ to about 200 ℃.
The ratio of the percent by weight of the at least one fluorochemical stain repellent to the percent by weight of the at least one fluorochemical stain release agent to the fabric can also be, for example, from about 0.6 to about 1.4 or from about 0.6 to about 1.2. The optimum ratio of fabric or textile may vary depending on the fabric weight, fabric construction and fabric preparation by wet processing. Typically, the fabric containing the finish is dried for about 1 to about 2 minutes.
[0032] Another embodiment of the invention is a method of treating a fabric with a finish to impart oil repellency, water repellency, and soil release properties that are resistant to repeated industrial laundering, comprising the steps of:
a) providing a fabric comprising one or more polyesters or one or more polyesters blended in combination with another fiber or fibers;
b) applying a finish comprising at least one fluorinated polyurethane stain repellent and at least one fluorinated substituted urethane stain release agent, wherein the ratio of the percent by weight of the at least one fluorinated polyurethane stain release agent to the percent by weight of the at least one fluorinated substituted urethane stain release agent to the weight of the fabric is from about 0.2 to about 3.0; and
c) drying the treated fabric at a temperature of about 160 ℃ to about 200 ℃.
The ratio of the percent by weight of the at least one fluorochemical stain repellent to the percent by weight of the at least one fluorochemical stain release agent to the fabric can also be, for example, from about 0.6 to about 1.4 or from about 0.6 to about 1.2. The optimum ratio of fabric or textile may vary depending on the fabric weight, fabric construction and fabric preparation by wet processing. Typically, the fabric containing the finish is dried for about 1 to about 2 minutes.
[0033] The fabric is treated with a fluorochemical finish to enable the application of a controlled amount of finish. The finish can be applied by, for example, wiping, coating, dipping, spraying, brushing, and coating, or a combination of these application methods. Wiping refers to applying a liquid coating by passing the fabric through a bath, followed by a press roll. After treatment with the finish, the fabric is then heated at about 160 ℃ to about 200 ℃, typically for about 1 to about 2 minutes. The fluorochemical finish can be applied to the fabric as one formulation or a continuous formulation, provided that the method of application does not detract from the advantages of the invention. Typically the finish is applied to the fabric at a loading such that the total loading of fluorochemical compound is from about 7% by weight to about 14% by weight, for example from about 9% by weight to about 13% by weight, based on the weight of the fabric. This loading level was found to provide sufficient, durable oil-, water-and soil-release properties to the fabric.
[0034] Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for industrial laundering of a fabric or textile comprising the fabric, which is treated with a finish comprising at least one fluorochemical stain repellent and at least one fluorochemical stain release agent to impart oil repellency and stain release. The method comprises the following steps. The durability of fluorochemical finishes on fabrics or textiles comprising said fabrics during repeated laundering is maintained according to said method. Another embodiment of the present invention is the method described herein, except that the fabric is treated with a finish comprising at least one fluorinated polyurethane stain blocker and at least one fluorinated substituted urethane soil release agent. The ratio of the percentage of the at least one fluorinated polyurethane stain blocker to the percentage of the at least one fluorinated substituted urethane stain release agent to the weight of the fabric is from about 0.2 to about 3.0, such as from about 0.6 to about 1.4, or from about 0.6 to about 1.2. The optimum ratio of fabric or textile may vary depending on the fabric weight, fabric construction and fabric preparation by wet processing.
[0035] The fabric or textile comprising the fabric is washed in water at about 131 ° F to about 149 ° F (about 55 ℃ to about 65 ℃), for example, about 140 ° F to about 149 ° F (about 60 ℃ to about 65 ℃). The wash water (containing detergent and any removed soil) is separated from the fabric or textile. Rinsing the fabric or textile with water and separating the rinse water from the fabric or textile. Other detergents, such as chlorine bleach or softeners, may optionally be used in the wash or rinse cycle. The fabric or textile is then dried to provide a dry fabric or dry textile. The fluorochemical finish is said to be durable when the fabric or textile has an oil repellency rating and a stain release rating of at least 3 as determined by AATCC test method 118-2002 and AATCC test method 130-2000, respectively, after repeated industrial laundering. The repeated washing may be, for example, at least 5 washes or at least 30 washes or at least 40 washes or at least 50 washes. Laundering to produce deposits on the surface of fabrics or textiles can interfere with performance.
Test method
[0036] According to international standard ISO 15797: 2002(E) "Textiles-Industrial Wash and Finishing Process for Testing of Workwear" method step 3 (white Workwear Wash step-chlorine bleach-Cotton) Industrial washing of the fabric samples was carried out except that the wash temperature was adjusted to 140 ℃ F. (60 ℃).
[0037]According to the Invista publication "Global Specification and Quality control tests for Fabrics Treated with TeflonFabric Protector (using Teflon)Global specification and quality control for fabric protective agent treatment fabric) "the water drop test method described in" determines the water repellency rating, which is similar to AATCC test method 193-2004. Water repellency was tested by dropping water-alcohol mixtures of varying surface tensions onto the fabric and then visually determining the degree of surface lubrication. This test provides a rough index of resistance to water staining. Generally, the higher the water repellency rating, the better the resistance of the finished fabric to staining by water-based substances. The composition of the standard test liquid is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Standard test liquids*
*Can be prepared by purchasing reagent grade isopropanol and distilled water and mixing them in the volume percentages listed for each grade liquid compositionTo prepare standard test liquids in a laboratory in bulk.
[0038] The fabric sample was placed face up on a white absorbent paper, which was placed on a horizontal surface. A standard test drop (starting with a test liquid of grade 1) is dropped onto the test sample at three locations. Each drop is approximately 5mm in diameter or 0.05mL in volume. The drop was observed from about 45 ° for 10 seconds. If at least two of the three drops are observed not to wet or penetrate the fabric and show no wicking around the drops, the test is repeated at adjacent locations with a test liquid rated at 2. This step is continued until at least two of the three drops wet or wick into the fabric within 10 seconds. The fabric was rated for water repellency as the highest numbered liquid of the three drops that at least two drops did not wet or wick into the fabric.
[0039] The oil repellency rating was determined in accordance with American Association of textile chemists and dyeing assistants (AATCC) Standard test method 118-. Hydrocarbon droplets of different surface tensions were placed on the fabric to test oil repellency and then the degree of surface wetting was determined visually. This test determines the degree of resistance of the finished fabric to oily stains and wetting by organic liquids. Generally, the higher the oil repellency rating, the higher the resistance of the finished fabric to staining by oily substances. The standard test liquids are listed in table 2.
TABLE 2 Standard oil repellency test fluids
| Grade | Hydrocarbons | Surface tension (dyn/cm) at 25 deg.C (77 deg.F) |
| 1 | Refining mineral oil | 31.0 |
| 2 | Refining mineral oil/n-hexadecane 65/35% by volume at 21 deg.C (70 deg.F) | 29.2 |
| 3 | N-hexadecane | 27.3 |
| 4 | N-tetradecane | 26.2 |
| 5 | N-dodecane | 24.6 |
| 6 | N-decane | 23.6 |
[0040] Depending on the fabric finish, fiber or structure, different types of wetting may occur. For many fabrics, the endpoint is evident because the fabric will be completely resistant to wetting by one test liquid, but will allow immediate penetration of the next liquid. However, with some fabrics, the endpoint is difficult to determine. These fabrics will exhibit gradual wetting by several test liquids, as indicated by partial darkening of the fabric at the liquid/fabric interface. In black or dark fabrics, wetting can be detected by the absence of "flashes" within the droplet. For fabrics with difficult end point determinations, a test liquid that resulted in complete darkening at the interface within 30 seconds was considered the end point.
[0041] The fabric sample was placed face up on a white absorbent paper, which was placed on a horizontal surface. Standard test drops (starting with a test liquid of grade 1) were dropped onto the test fabric at 5 locations. Each drop is approximately 5mm in diameter or 0.05mL in volume. Each drop was observed from about 45 ° for 30 seconds. If at least three of the five drops were observed not to wet or penetrate the fabric and showed no wicking around the drops, the test was repeated at adjacent locations with a test liquid rated at 2. This procedure was continued until at least three of the five drops wet or showed wicking into the fabric in 30 seconds. The AATCC oil repellency rating of the fabric was determined as the highest numbered liquid of the five drops for which at least three drops did not wet or wick to the fabric. A half-point rating may be given, for example 4.5 at the critical value of the test liquid 5. An example of a so-called cut-off value is that at least 3 or more of the five drops are circular, whereas the sample part around the edge of the drop is darkened. In the united states, the level of oil repellency generally accepted is grade 3.
[0042]AATCC stain release rating was determined according to the american association of textile chemists and dyeing chemists (AATCC) standard test method 130-. The fabric samples were laid flat on fresh AATCC textile absorbent paper on a smooth, horizontal surface. Five drops (total 0.2mL) of MazolaCorn oil (supplied by many grocery stores) is placed on the surface of the fabric, creating a single stain. A piece of cellophane was placed on the oil pit, and then a 2.27kg (5lb) load was placed directly on the cellophane for 60 seconds. The load and cellophane were removed and then treated at KenmoreThe fabric samples were washed in an automatic machine using 100 grams of AATCC 1993 standard reference detergent WOB for 12 minutes at high water in a normal wash cycle. The washing temperature was 60 ℃ and the rinsing temperature was cold. The total load weight was 4 lb. After the final spin cycle, the entire load was placed in the KenmoreAutomatic drier and drying at high temperature for 45-50 min.
[0043] The soil release rating was determined by: the stained, washed and dried fabric was laid flat on a non-reflective dark table with one edge of the table contacting a stain release replica (serial No. 08379, supplied by AATCC). The fabric was observed about 76cm (30 inches) apart and the residual stain was compared to the stain release replica to an accuracy of 0.5 grade. Ratings are given from 1 (minimum) to 5 (maximum). In the united states, the level of soil release generally accepted is grade 3.
[0044]Fluorine as a percentage of the fabric weight (expressed as% owf)F) As determined as follows. Fluorine on the fabric, here denoted as FFABMeasured in parts per million (ppm) according to the well known Wickbold torch method. This value is then divided by the weight percent of fluorine in the fluorine-containing compound and is expressed as FFCTo obtain the fluorine percentage of the fluorochemical on fabric weight.
％owfF＝FFAB/FFC
When multiple fluorochemicals are used, the total fluorine percentage by weight of the fabric is obtained by summing the individual fluorine percentage values for all fluorochemicals used by weight of the fabric.
Examples
[0045] The following examples illustrate the invention and its performance. The invention is capable of other different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification in various obvious respects, all without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The examples themselves are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative and not restrictive.
[0046] The examples are numbered with fluorochemical finish formulation numbers (1-6) and fabric names (A-E). For example, example 1A refers to fabric a that has been treated with the fluorochemical finish of formulation 1.
[0047] In the following examples, six formulations of fluorochemical finish were applied to five polyester/cotton fabric samples, respectively. The fluorochemical finish was applied to the dry fabric by wet wiping and then contact dried at 375F for 1 minute. Then according to ISO 15797: 2002(E), Table 2 Condition 3 Wash step the treated fabric samples were washed with a modified wash temperature of 140 ℃ F. (60 ℃). 0. After 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wash cycles, the fabric samples were evaluated for water repellency, oil repellency and stain release according to the Water drop test method, AATCC test method 118-.
[0048]The composition of the fluorochemical finish used is listed in table 3. Knittex7636 (registered trademark of Ciba Specialty Chemicals) is an aqueous composition containing modified dimethylol dihydroxyvinyl urea (DMDHEU) and a salt of an inorganic magnesium. Of ultrasoundHDP (registered trademark of Ciba specialty Chemicals) is a high density polyethylene emulsion. UltratexREP (registered trademark of Ciba Specialty Chemicals) is an emulsion containing a modified amino-functional polysiloxane resin. ZonylIs a registered trademark of e.i. dupont de Nemours and Company. Zonyl7713 is a fluorinated polyurethane (about 7.5% by weight), a polyisocyanate (about 4% by weight, where the isocyanate groups are blocked by ketoxime), a polyester of adipic acid and alcohol with perfluoroalkyl groups (about 11% by weight), propylene glycol (about 3%By weight), ethoxylated isotridecanol (about 2% by weight) and less than 1% by weight of an aqueous dispersion of hydrochloric acid and methanesulfonic acid (containing about 70% by weight of water). Zonyl7910 is an aqueous dispersion containing from about 30% to about 35% by weight of a fluorinated substituted carbamate. In these formulations, the ratio of the percentage of fluorinated polyurethane by weight of fabric (% owf) to the percentage of fluorinated substituted urethane by weight of fabric was 0.7. In general, the ratio of the percentage of the at least one fluorinated polyurethane by weight of the fabric to the percentage of the at least one fluorinated substituted urethane by weight of the fabric may be from about 0.2 to about 3.0, such as from about 0.6 to about 1.4, or from about 0.8 to about 1.2.
TABLE 3 fluorochemical finish composition in grams per liter (g/l)
[0049]Five polyester/cotton blend fabrics were used in the test. Fabrics A, B and C are plain construction shirt fabrics. Fabrics D and E are heavy 3 x 1 twill fabrics. Fabric A used a Type 400 comprising polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalateTMPolyester bicomponent fiber, available from Invista s. a. r.I. Type 400 comprising polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalateTMPolyester bicomponent fibers are also referred to herein as T-400TMPolyester bicomponent fibers or simply T-400TM。T-400TMThe crimp contraction value after heat-setting can be from about 10% to about 80%, for example from about 35% to about 80%.
[0050]The yarns used in all the warp directions of the fabric were DacronT-90S polyester staple fiber (available from DAK America LLC). By using twoCommercial yarns, 0.9 denier per filament (dpf) Merge 177EHU and 1.2dpf Merge 623E 99. The T-90S fibers were intimately blended with cotton at a ratio of 65/35T-90S/cotton and then processed using conventional cotton system procedures including carding, drawing, roving and ring spinning to produce 20cc and 40cc yarns. Merge 177EHU for 40cc yarn and Merge 623E99 for 20cc yarn. The yarn was sized prior to warping in a conventional manner.
[0051] All fabrics were woven on a Dornier rapier loom. After washing, the fabric was treated by pulling at 6yd/min through a KUSTERS 10 ton wipe down machine at a wipe pressure of 3000 psi. The fabric was then baked at 375 ° F (190 ℃) for 1 minute. The details of the fabric are summarized in the following table. The linear density of the spun yarn is given by the symbol "cc," which refers to the "cotton count," also known as the English cotton count. The cotton count vs denier relationship is: cc 5315 denier, where denier is the linear density determined by weight grams per 9000 meters of staple fiber yarn.
Table 4 detailed description of the fabrics used in the examples
| Fabric | Warp yarn | Number of warp yarns per inch | Weft yarn | Number of picks per inch | Grammage of fabric1(oz/yd2) | Treated fabric grammage2(oz/yd2) | Weight% of polyester4 | Cotton% by weight |
| A | 65/3540cc polyester/Cotton | 96 | 150d-68T-400TM | 50 | 3.930 | 4.387 | 78 | 22 |
| B | 65/3540cc polyester/Cotton | 96 | 40cc cotton | 58 | 3.153 | 3.382 | 40 | 60 |
| C | 65/3540cc polyester/Cotton | 96 | 40cc65/35 polyester/Cotton | 58 | 3.199 | 3.336 | 65 | 35 |
| D | 65/3520cc polyester/Cotton | 86 | 20cc65/35 polyester/Cotton | 35 | n/a | 5.072 | 65 | 35 |
| E | 65/3520cc polyester/Cotton | 86 | 20cc cotton | 35 | n/a | 4.981 | 46 | 54 |
Note that:
1) the fabric weight is given after the fabric finish but before the fluorochemical finish is applied.
2) The treated fabric weight is given after applying fluorochemical finish composition # 1.
3) "n/a" means that no measurement was made.
4) Fabric A contained 37 weight percent T-400 in the total weight percent of polyester reported in the TableTM。
[0052] Examples 1A-6A demonstrate the water repellency, AATCC oil repellency, and AATCC stain release ratings of polyester 65/35-rich polyester/cotton shirt fabric (fabric a) treated with the six formulated fluorochemical finishes. In the table below, the respective characteristic ratings are given after a given number of industrial washes with chlorine bleach at 60 ℃.
TABLE 5 Fabric Water repellency, oil repellency, and stain Release ratings for fabrics A treated with fluorochemical finish formulations 1-6 after a given number of washes
| Example No. 2 | Fluorochemical finish formulation number | Number of washes | Water resistance rating | Oil repellency rating | Grade of detergency |
| 1A | 1 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 5 | 3.5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 3 | 3 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 1 | 2 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 1 | ||
| 2A | 2 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 5 | 3.5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 4 | 3.5 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 2 | 2 | ||
| 50 | 4 | 0 | 1 | ||
| 3A | 3 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 6 | 6 | 4 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 5 | 3.5 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 4 | 3 | ||
| 50 | 4 | 1 | 2.5 | ||
| 4A | 4 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 5 | 4 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 4 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 4 | 2 | 2.5 | ||
| 5A | 5 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 6 | 6 | 4 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 5 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 4.5 | 3 | 3 | ||
| 6A | 6 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 6 | 6 | 4.5 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 5 | 4 | ||
| 50 | 5 | 3 | 3.5 |
[0053] Examples 1B-6B demonstrate the water repellency, AATCC oil repellency, and AATCC stain release ratings of cotton 65/35 rich polyester/cotton shirt fabric (fabric B) treated with the six formulated fluorochemical finishes. In the table below, the respective characteristic grades after a specified number of industrial washings with chlorine bleach at 60 ℃ are given.
TABLE 6 Fabric Water repellency, oil repellency, and stain release ratings for fabrics B treated with fluorochemical finish formulations 1-6 after a given number of washes
| Example No. 2 | Fluorochemical finish formulation number | Number of washes | Water resistance rating | Oil repellency rating | Grade of detergency |
| 1B | 1 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5.5 | 3 | 4.5 | ||
| 30 | 4 | 1 | 4 | ||
| 40 | 3 | 0 | 3 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 2B | 2 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 5 | 4.5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 3 | 4 | ||
| 40 | 3 | 1 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 3B | 3 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 3 | 4.5 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 2 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 4B | 4 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 4 | 5 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 2 | 4 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 5B | 5 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 4 | 5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 1 | 3.5 | ||
| 6B | 6 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 50 | 4 | 2 | 3.5 |
[0054] Examples 1C-6C demonstrate the water repellency, AATCC oil repellency, and AATCC stain release ratings of 65/35 polyester/cotton shirt fabric (fabric C) samples treated with the six formulated fluorochemical finishes. In the table below, the respective characteristic grades after a specified number of industrial washings with chlorine bleach at 60 ℃ are given.
TABLE 7 Fabric Water repellency, oil repellency, and stain release ratings for fabrics C treated with fluorochemical finish formulations 1-6 after a given number of washes
| Example No. 2 | Fluorochemical finish formulation number | Number of washes | Water resistance rating | Oil repellency rating | Grade of detergency |
| 1C | 1 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 4 | 4.5 | ||
| 30 | 4 | 2 | 4 | ||
| 40 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3 | ||
| 2C | 2 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 3.5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 5 | 4.5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 3 | 4.5 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 1 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 3C | 3 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 3 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 4 | 4.5 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 2 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 4 | ||
| 4C | 4 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 3 | 4 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 4 | ||
| 5C | 5 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 4.5 | 4 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 1 | 4 | ||
| 6C | 6 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5.5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 5 | 4 | ||
| 50 | 4 | 2 | 4.5 |
[0055] Examples 1D-6D demonstrate the water repellency, AATCC oil repellency, and AATCC stain release ratings of 65/35 polyester/cotton heavy fabrics (fabric D) samples treated with the six formulated fluorochemical finishes. In the table below, the respective characteristic grades after a specified number of industrial washings with chlorine bleach at 60 ℃ are given.
TABLE 8 Fabric Water repellency, oil repellency, and stain release ratings for fabrics D treated with fluorochemical finish formulations 1-6 after a given number of washes
| Example No. 2 | Fluorochemical finish formulation number | Number of washes | Water resistance rating | Oil repellency rating | Grade of detergency |
| 1D | 1 | 0 | 5.5 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 5 | 4 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 4 | 3.5 | 3.5 | ||
| 30 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 40 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 2 | 0 | 3 | ||
| 2D | 2 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | ||
| 30 | 4 | 1 | 3.5 | ||
| 40 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 2 | 0 | 3 | ||
| 3D | 3 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 4 | 4.6 | 4.5 | ||
| 30 | 4 | 2 | 3.5 | ||
| 40 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 2 | 0 | 3 | ||
| 4D | 4 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | ||
| 30 | 4 | 3 | 4 | ||
| 40 | 3 | 1 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 5D | 5 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 5.5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 4 | 4.5 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 2 | 4 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 6D | 6 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 3 | 5 | ||
| 50 | 4 | 1 | 3.5 |
[0056] Examples 1E-6E demonstrate the water repellency, AATCC oil repellency, and AATCC stain release ratings of cotton 65/35 rich polyester/cotton heavy fabrics (fabric E) treated with the six formulated fluorochemical finishes. In the table below, the respective characteristic grades after a specified number of industrial washings with chlorine bleach at 60 ℃ are given.
TABLE 9 Fabric Water repellency, oil repellency, and stain release ratings for fabrics E treated with fluorochemical finish formulations 1-6 after a given number of washes
| Example No. 2 | Fluorochemical finish formulation number | Number of washes | Water resistance rating | Oil repellency rating | Grade of detergency |
| 1E | 1 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 5 | 5.5 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 4 | 2 | 4 | ||
| 30 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 40 | 3 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 2 | 0 | 2.6 | ||
| 2E | 2 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6.5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 3 | 4.5 | ||
| 30 | 3.5 | 1 | 4 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3 | ||
| 3E | 3 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 6 | 4 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 4 | 2 | 4 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 0 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3 | ||
| 4E | 4 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 6 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 4 | 3 | 4 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 1 | 3.5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3 | ||
| 5E | 5 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 4 | 5 | ||
| 40 | 4 | 2 | 5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3 | ||
| 6E | 6 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 | 6 | 6 | ||
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 20 | 5 | 6 | 5 | ||
| 30 | 5 | 4 | 5 | ||
| 40 | 5 | 3 | 5 | ||
| 50 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
[0057] In view of the results given in the above table, when each property rating is at least 3, the fluorochemical finish is considered to provide sufficient oil repellency, water repellency, and stain release, that is, to be durable after repeated industrial washes. The results for fabric a show that all six formulations were durable after at least 5 and at least 30 industrial washes at 60 ℃. The 4 formulations (formulations 3-6) were durable after at least 40 industrial washes of fabric, and both formulations 5 and 6 were durable after at least 50 industrial washes of fabric.
[0058] In the case of fabric B, all six formulations were durable after at least 5 and at least 20 industrial washes. The 5 formulations (formulations 2-6) were durable through at least 30 industrial washes, and both formulations 5 and 6 were durable through at least 40 industrial washes.
[0059] For fabric C, the results show that all six formulations were durable after at least 5 and at least 20 industrial washes. The 5 formulations (formulations 2-6) were durable through at least 30 industrial washes of fabric, and the formulations 4-6 were durable through at least 40 industrial washes.
[0060] The results for fabric D show that all six formulations were durable after at least 5 and at least 20 industrial washes. The 3 formulations (formulations 4-6) were durable through at least 30 industrial washes, and formulation 6 was durable through at least 40 industrial washes.
[0061] For fabric E, six formulations were durable after at least 5 and at least 10 industrial washes, and 5 formulations (formulations 2-6) were durable after at least 20 industrial washes. The three formulations (formulations 4-6) were durable after at least 30 industrial washes and formulation 6 was durable after at least 40 industrial washes.
[0062] For all tested fabrics, the results show that formulation 1 is least durable against repeated industrial laundering at 60 ℃ and formulation 6 is most durable.
[0063] Many modifications and other embodiments of the inventions set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which these inventions pertain having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions. Therefore, it is to be understood that the inventions are not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (26)
1. A fabric comprising one or more polyesters or one or more polyesters blended with other fibers or combinations of fibers, wherein said fabric is treated with a composition comprising at least one fluorochemical stain repellent agent and at least one fluorochemical stain release agent, wherein said fabric has an oil repellency rating of at least 3 as determined by AATCC test method 118-2002 and a stain release rating of at least 3 as determined by AATCC test method 130-2000 after at least 5 industrial washes at about 55 ℃ to about 65 ℃.
2. The fabric of claim 1, wherein said fabric has a water repellency rating of at least 3 as determined by the Water drop test method.
3. The fabric of claim 1, wherein said fabric further exhibits said oil repellency and said stain release ratings after at least 30 industrial launderings.
4. The fabric of claim 1, wherein said fabric has said oil repellency and said stain release ratings after at least 50 industrial launderings.
5. The fabric of claim 1 comprising a blend of cotton and said fabric comprising from about 5 weight percent to about 95 weight percent polyester, based on the total weight of the fabric.
6. The fabric of claim 5, wherein the polyester is a bicomponent fiber comprising polytrimethylene terephthalate and at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate or combinations of these ingredients.
7. The fabric of claim 6, wherein the bicomponent fiber comprises a combination of polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene terephthalate.
8. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the at least one fluorochemical stain release agent comprises at least one fluorinated polyurethane and the at least one fluorochemical stain release agent comprises at least one fluorinated substituted urethane.
9. The fabric of claim 8 wherein the ratio of the percentage of the at least one fluorinated polyurethane by weight of the fabric to the percentage of the at least one fluorinated substituted urethane by weight of the fabric is from about 0.2 to about 3.0.
10. The fabric of claim 9 wherein the ratio of the percentage of the at least one fluorinated polyurethane by weight of the fabric to the percentage of the at least one fluorinated substituted urethane by weight of the fabric is from about 0.6 to about 1.4.
11. A textile comprising the fabric of claim 1.
12. The textile of claim 11, wherein the textile is selected from the group consisting of a uniform, an umbrella jump suit, a work shirt, a work pant, a chef coat, a chef apron, and a chef hat, or a combination of these textiles.
13. A method of treating a fabric with a finish to impart oil repellency, water repellency, and stain release, the finish being resistant to repeated industrial laundering, the method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a fabric comprising one or more polyesters or one or more polyesters blended in combination with another fiber or fibers;
b) applying a finish comprising at least one fluorinated polyurethane stain repellent agent and at least one fluorinated substituted urethane stain release agent, wherein the ratio of the percent by weight of the at least one fluorinated polyurethane to the percent by weight of the at least one fluorinated substituted urethane to the weight of the fabric is from about 0.2 to about 3.0; and
c) drying the finish-applied fabric at a temperature of about 160 ℃ to about 200 ℃.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the fabric comprises polyester and cotton, and the fabric comprises from about 5 weight percent to about 95 weight percent polyester, based on the total weight of the fabric.
15. The process of claim 14, wherein the polyester is a bicomponent fiber comprising polytrimethylene terephthalate and at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate, and combinations of these ingredients.
16. The process of claim 15, wherein the bicomponent fiber comprises polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene terephthalate.
17. The method of claim 13, wherein the finish application method is selected from the group consisting of wiping, coating, dipping, spraying, brushing, and film coating, and combinations of these application methods.
18. The method of claim 13, wherein the finish-applied fabric is dried for about 1 minute to about 2 minutes.
19. The method of claim 13 wherein the ratio of the percent by weight of the fabric of said at least one fluorinated polyurethane soil release agent to the percent by weight of the fabric of said at least one fluorinated substituted urethane soil release agent is from about 0.6 to about 1.4.
20. A method for industrial laundering of a fabric or a textile comprising the fabric, the fabric being treated with a finish comprising at least one fluorochemical stain repellent agent and at least one fluorochemical stain release agent to impart oil repellency and stain release, the method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a treated fabric or a textile comprising said treated fabric;
b) washing said fabric or said textile in water comprising a detergent at a temperature of about 55 ℃ to about 65 ℃;
c) separating the wash water from the fabric or textile;
d) rinsing the fabric or the textile;
e) separating the rinse water from the fabric or textile; and
f) drying the fabric or textile to provide a dry fabric or dry textile having an oil repellency rating of at least 3 as determined by AATCC test method 118-.
21. The method of claim 21, wherein the finish comprises at least one fluorinated urethane polymer as an antifouling agent and at least one perfluoropolymer as a soil release agent.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the wash water comprises chlorine bleach.
23. The method of claim 20, wherein said fabric or said textile has an oil repellency and stain release rating of at least 3 after repeating steps a) -f) at least 5 times.
24. The method of claim 20, wherein said fabric or said textile has said oil repellency and said stain release ratings after repeating steps a) -f) above at least 30 times.
25. The method of claim 20, wherein said fabric or said textile has said oil repellency and said stain release ratings after repeating steps a) -f) above at least 40 times.
26. The method of claim 20, wherein said fabric or said textile has said oil repellency and said stain release ratings after repeating steps a) -f) above at least 50 times.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US60/670,403 | 2005-04-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| HK1124094A true HK1124094A (en) | 2009-07-03 |
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