HK1120840B - Synthetic fibre rope, method for monitoring the service life of a synthetic fibre rope and lift with a synthetic fibre rope - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an artificial fibre rope consisting of strips arranged in at least one seat back, at least one of which has at least one seat back indicator fibre or at least one rope life monitoring indicator yarn as defined in the independent claims.

The rope has internal linings and external linings, one linings consisting of several linings with a sealing and the direction of the sealing of the inner linings being opposite to that of the outer linings. The tensile strength of the inner linings is higher than that of the outer linings. Each linings is made of sealing and impregnated armoured fibre. The standstill time of the outer linings is less than the standstill time of the inner linings. To monitor the rope, each of the three outer linings is electrically conductive, with two or three adjacent linings each equipped with electrical charges, which can be detected at the opposite end of the rope and sometimes at the opposite end of the rope.

The application for registration EP 0 731 209 A1 shows that a wrapped rope used as a lifting support has internal linings and external linings, one linings consisting of several linings with the direction of the inner linings being the same as the direction of the outer linings. Each linings is made of filtered and impregnated aramid fibres. To monitor the life of the rope and the storage capacity of the artificial fibre, one litre of each linings is fitted with electrically conductive carbon fibre. In the course of the operation, the source of the carbon fibre may be either due to a large number of stretches or to a large number of bends or to a change in the width of the linings rather than to a specific number of splits. In order to determine the capacity to carry the remaining artificial fibre, only a number of the remaining linings can be used to determine the capacity to be stored in the artificial fibre.

The purpose of the invention is to solve the problem of creating a high-sensitivity artificial fibre rope for monitoring the rope life.

Beneficial continuing training of the invention is indicated in the dependent patent claims.

The monitoring of the life of the rope is a fundamental problem for all artificial fibre ropes, especially those surrounded by a coat.

The current state of technology allows the carbon fibres to be selected and arranged according to the load requirements in the rope. The disadvantages of this method may be that the parameters to be conditioned cannot be optimally matched and the load bearing materials must be replaced too early to be far enough from the critical state. In elevator construction, the use of artificial fibre rails as load bearing materials can be up to 60% and 80% of the residual fracture force, respectively, in relation to the normal fracture force. The more accurately this point can be reached, the more economically load bearing materials can be used.

Depending on the type, field of application and safety requirements of the artificial fibre application, the monitoring sensitivity of the indicator lenses of the artificial fibre rail is subject to increased requirements. Proper response and replicability, depending on the requirements, are advantageous properties of the artificial fibre cable according to the invention. As is known, artificial fibre cable used as a lifting medium is permanently electrically monitored by means of carbon fibre yarns integrated into the cable lenses. The advantage is that the artificial fibre cable can be monitored over its entire length, including unseen areas such as the areas in the cable locks. The artificial fibres detect the abrasive wear within the cable and prevent the detection of leakage, providing a continuous response to the connection and providing a high level of safety in the event of a threat.

The requirements for modern load monitoring have increased compared to the past: in order to bring the artificial fibre rail to the failure limit and to exploit more fully the economic potential of the new loaders, or to enable the user to adjust the sensitivity of the rope-laying detection to his needs, the wires with indicator fibres must be even more adaptable in their response behaviour, with the indicator fibres of the wires losing their electrical conductivity with a high probability depending on the number of bends and residual breaking forces to be achieved and thus detecting cable wear.

An indicator fibre or yarn may be made from any material which is conductive in any form, such as fibre with light conductive properties or metallic coated technical fibres, carbon fibres, etc., which are electrically conductive, with the fibres abrasion being faster than the support fibres in direct contact with the wear.

For continuous monitoring, the conductive indicator fibres at the end of the cable are contacted and connected to equipment. At one end the indicator fibres are connected to a signal transmitter and at the other end the indicator fibres are connected to a signal receiver. The transmitting signal is measured by the signal receiver and the condition of the indicator fibres is evaluated on the basis of the measured or missing signal.

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According to the invention, the plastic surrounding the strip, which is fitted with at least one indicator fibre or one indicator yarn, also called a matrix, has a lower abrasion resistance than the matrix of the other strip.

In the case of the artificial fibre rail of the invention, the matrix material or the resin surrounding the strands may be made of indicator fibres or indicator yarns of a softer plastic (e.g. shore hardness range A) than the matrix materials (e.g. shore hardness range D) of the adjacent or other strands, which makes this strand less resistant to abrasion than a strand without indicator fibres or indicator yarns. Alternatively to the softer plastic, the matrix may be impregnated with a softener or known softeners may be used. Due to the lower resistance of the strands with indicator fibres to abrasion during the further movement of the strands, the amount of the indicator fibre may be increased in the short term and the relative speed of the indenter fibre may be increased in the short term.

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In addition, the matrix material of the neighbouring or other ribbons (rubbish without indicator fibres or yarn) identical to the matrix material of the indicator ribbons may be replaced by an additive which reduces friction with the indicator ribbons.

Furthermore, the matrix material of the indicator slitting rods identical to the matrix material of the neighbouring slitting rods can be treated during manufacture in such a way that the plastic matrix degrades to a degree that the hardness and wear resistance decreases. This is achieved by a temperature treatment of the indicator slitting rods at a temperature of more than 230° and a treatment time of more than 20 s. Due to temperature, the long molecular chains required for the material properties separate to such an extent that the molecules no longer fully recombine when cooled. To support this process, water molecules can be added to the matrix of the indicator slitting rods, which prevents a complete recombination of the dissolved molecules. Other molecules are substituted, which affect or prevent recombination. This leads to a significantly reduced degree of failure of the inductor and thus to a significantly reduced rate of induction of the inductor.

The indicator fibres or the indicator yarn are located close to the surface of the strap and share the torsional structure of the artificial fibres or the artificial fibre yarn. Due to the softer strap matrix, the indicator fibres or the indicator yarn are rubbed through. This interrupts the permanent monitoring of the load-bearing strap and detects wear before the other load-bearing straps are affected. This ensures that the indicator fibres have a different performance not only due to the different breaking lengths, but also due to the different hardness of the matrix, a reliable probability of failure is generated. (The breakdown is the breakdown of a strap, a strap or a yarn).

The indicator lenses can also be positioned in a multilayered artificial fibre rail in such a way that the load absorption is higher compared to the adjacent lenses. For example, in a three-layer artificial fiber rail, the two inner concentric lenses have a higher load ratio because the impact length is constant compared to the outermost position, but the impact angle to the center of the artificial fiber rail is always smaller. The lenses are located in the cable connection significantly steeper, which makes the lenses significantly longer or shorter depending on the position.

For the indicator yarn of the indicator litre, the indicator fibres (e.g. carbon fibres) can be combined with artificial fibres with a dynamic flexibility inferior to that of the other artificial fibres of the indicator litre or the artificial fibres of the litre without indicator fibres. The superior artificial fibres are for the application of conductive agents based on co-polymers, e.g. copolyterephthalamide, which can be poly-p-phenethylamethylamide (this dynamic flexibility is due to the flexible load of the substitutes).

In addition, for the construction of the indicator yarn, the indicator fibres (e.g. carbon fibres) can be combined with synthetic fibres which have a higher E-module than the other synthetic fibres of the indicator yarn or the synthetic fibres of the litze without indicator yarn. For the synthetic fibres combined with the indicator yarns in the indicator yarns, for example, twine fibres with an E-module of 100'000 to 120'000 N/mm2 can be used. The other fibres of the non-indicator yarns can be, for example, made of technoraffins with 76'000 N/mm2.

The above measures for monitoring the life of the rope can also be combined, for example, the resistance to abrasion can be provided by changing the matrix of the rope, while the indicator yarn is made of indicator fibres and is inferior in strength to the other synthetic fibres.

Claims (10)

1. Synthetic fibre cable consisting of strands arranged in at least one strand layer, wherein each strand consists of stranded yarns and the yarns consist of synthetic fibres, wherein at least one strand of at least one strand layer comprises indicator fibres or at least one indicator strand for monitoring of the cable service life of the synthetic fibre cable, characterised in that the at least one strand with indicator fibres or with at least one indicator yam has a lower capability of resistance to abrasion by comparison with the remaining strands of the synthetic fibre cable in that the matrix of the at least one strand with indicator fibres or with at least one indicator yam has a lower abrasion resistance than the matrix of the remaining strands of the synthetic fibre cable.
2. Synthetic fibre cable according to claim 1, characterised in that the matrix of the at least one strand with indicator fibres or with at least one indicator yam is saturated by softener.
3. Synthetic fibre cable according to claim 1, characterised in that the matrix of the at least one strand with indicator fibres or with at least one indicator yam is designed with a lower Shore hardness than the matrix of the adjacent or remaining strands of the synthetic fibre cable.
4. Synthetic fibre cable according to claim 1, characterised in that the matrix of the at least one strand with indicator fibres or with at least one indicator yarn is degraded by means of heat treatment and/or by means the addition of molecules.
5. Synthetic fibre cable according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the matrix of the remaining strands of the synthetic fibre cable is mixed with an additive which reduces friction relative to the at least one strand with indicator fibres or with at least one indicator yam.
6. Synthetic fibre cable according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one strand with indicator fibres or with at least one indicator yam is so positioned that the load-bearing capability is higher by comparison with the adjacent strands of the synthetic fibre cable.
7. Method of monitoring the cable service life of a synthetic fibre cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the strands of the synthetic fibre cable are permanently monitored by means of the indicator fibres.
8. Method according to claim 7, characterised in that for monitoring of the indicator fibres the indicator fibres are connected at one cable end with a signal transmitter and at the other cable end with a signal receiver and that a transmitted signal of the signal transmitter is measured by means of the signal receiver and the state of the indicator fibres is evaluated on the basis of the measured or absent signal.
9. Method according to claim 8, characterised in that the monitoring of the indicator fibres is carried out by means of optical or electrical signals.
10. Lift with synthetic fibre cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6.