HK1110611B

HK1110611B - Polyether-functional siloxanes, polyether siloxane-containing compositions, methods for the production thereof and use thereof

Info

Publication number: HK1110611B
Application number: HK08101217.7A
Authority: HK
Inventors: Ekkehard MÜH; Peter Jenkner; Max Preisenberger; Burkhard Standke
Original assignee: Evonik Degussa Gmbh
Priority date: 2004-10-08
Filing date: 2004-11-05
Publication date: 2013-04-19

Description

Polyether-functional siloxanes, compositions containing polyether siloxanes, and methods for their preparation and use

The present invention relates to novel polyether-functional siloxanes, to corresponding compositions, and to methods for their preparation and use.

Organosilanes and organofunctional siloxanes are important compounds today because they can alter the properties of the substrate surface.

Thus, for example, to render the glass fibers compatible and reactive with the organic resin, an aminosilane (e.g., DYNASYLAN)AMEO) or a solution thereof diluted with water is used to coat the glass fibers.

In the state of the art, US 6716771 discloses the hydrophilization of hydrophobic dielectric surfaces by CMP methods with special amino-functional silane systems.

Hydrolysis and condensation of alkoxysilanes generally releases alcohol, and in cases where release of alcohol is not permitted in the application, special aqueous substitutes that are substantially solvent-free, such as DYNASYLAN, can also be used1151。

In particular, EP 1031593, EP 0716128, EP 0716127, EP 0832911 and EP 1101787 disclose the preparation of aqueous organopolysiloxane-containing compositions. A common feature of all the above disclosures is that such systems are water soluble because of the presence of amino functional groups in the organosiloxane and/or the corresponding amino salt, such water soluble silicone systems being present in virtually completely hydrolyzed form in aqueous formulations. In addition to their chemical nature, such aqueous systems also have the advantage of a relatively low VOC content (VOC ═ volatile organic compounds).

On the one hand, amino-functional silanes and siloxanes can advantageously modify the surface properties of the substrate. On the other hand, however, the amino functional groups also give rise to undesirable effects, for example leading to undesired curing of the resin, owing to their nucleophilicity and hence reactivity. Furthermore, when a layer contains a compound having an amino group, the layer may swell in a humid atmosphere.

Monomeric polyethersilanes are known per se (DE 2632719, EP 0387689). In principle, there is a distinction between hydroxyl-terminated polyether silanes and alkyl-, aryl-, alkenyl-or alkynyl-terminated polyether silanes. For example, the polyether silanes containing terminal hydroxyl groups or their aqueous solutions described in US 5629437 lead to application problems due to their strong polarity, in particular due to the presence of terminal hydroxyl groups, which are similar to those of aminosilanes.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an alternative way to allow surface properties to be adjusted in a targeted manner. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to improve the wettability of the substrate surface.

The object set is achieved according to the features in the patent claims of the invention.

We have surprisingly found that the novel polyether-functional organosiloxanes of the formula I below and/or corresponding organosiloxane mixtures (also referred to below as polyether siloxanes) are suitable for advantageous use in a dissolved form in water and/or alcohol or in a mixture with at least one monomeric organoalkoxysilane or a corresponding formulation based thereon or for the targeted treatment of substrate surfaces.

In particular, the hydrolyzed alcohols can be removed from the aqueous solution systems of the polyether siloxanes of the formula I according to the invention, for example by distillation, advantageously giving water-based, homogeneous, substantially solvent-free (i.e. low VOC), environmentally friendly and easy-to-use reagents for the targeted modification of the substrate surface.

Furthermore, the novel polyether siloxanes and compositions comprising such polyether-functional siloxanes according to the invention impart particularly good wetting properties to the substrate surface to be treated.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a linear, cyclic or branched polyether functional siloxane or a mixture of polyether functional siloxanes of the general formula I:

R[-O_(3-h)/2Si(R¹)(OR)_h]_x[-O_(3-i-j)/2Si(R²)(R³)_i(OR)_j]_y (I)

wherein

Each R is the same or different and is essentially H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, 2-methoxyethyl or 2-hydroxyethyl, or in a cyclic siloxane, a silyl group which may be a silyl unit of formula I,

each R is¹Are the same or different, R¹Is a capped polyether group of formula (II):

R⁴-O[-R⁵-O]_n[-(R⁶)_m]- (II)

wherein R is⁴Is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably methyl; alkenyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably vinyl or alkyl; or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably benzyl, phenyl or styryl,

each R is⁵Are the same or different, R⁵Is a divalent linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl or tert-butyl,

R⁶is a divalent linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl and isobutyl,

n is from 1 to 200, preferably from 1 to 100, particularly preferably from 2 to 40, particularly preferably from 3 to 30,

m is 0 or 1, and m is,

each R is²Are the same or different, R²Is an optionally substituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl or fluoroalkyl (including but not limited to, for example, tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl); mercaptoalkyl, preferably 3-mercaptopropyl; alkenyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably vinyl; alkynyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably benzyl, phenyl or styryl; aminoalkyl groups of the general formula III:

H₂N(CH₂)_d[(NH)_e(CH₂)_f]_g-(CH₂)₃- (III)

wherein d is 0. ltoreq. d.ltoreq.6, f is 0. ltoreq.6, g is 1 when e is 0 and d is 0, and g is 1 or 2, preferably 3-aminopropyl, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyl, 3- [2[ (2-aminoethylamino) ethylamino ] propyl; n-alkylaminoalkyl, preferably N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyl; epoxyalkyl, preferably 3-glycidyloxypropyl; or an acryloxyalkyl group, preferably 3-methacryloxypropyl group,

R³is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably methyl,

h. i and j are each independently of the other 0 or 1,

x is from 1 to 50, preferably from 2 to 20, particularly preferably from 3 to 10,

y is 0 to 50, preferably 1 to 20, particularly preferably 3 to 10, (x + y) ≧ 2 when y > 0, and (x + y) > 2 when y > 0.

The polyether siloxanes and polyether siloxane mixtures of the present invention are generally clear to opaque, light to moderately viscous liquids.

Furthermore, advantageously, the polyether siloxanes and polyether siloxane mixtures of the present invention may be diluted, in particular (but not limited to) with water and/or alcohol. Other components may also be added to the composition thus obtained. In addition, the polyether siloxanes of the present invention or their aqueous or alcoholic compositions can also be added as a further component to other surface treatment compositions.

The present invention therefore also provides a composition comprising at least one alcohol, preferably methanol, ethanol and/or isopropanol, and a mixture of a plurality of siloxanes of the general formula I according to the invention:

R[-O_(3-h)/2Si(R¹)(OR)_h]_x[-O_(3-i-j)/2Si(R²)(R³)_i(OR)_j]_y(I) the siloxanes of the general formula I are as described above.

The silicone active ingredient of the formula I contained in the alcoholic composition here preferably amounts to 0.5% to 99.95% by weight, preferably 1% to 99.9% by weight, particularly preferably 5% to 99.5% by weight, and particularly preferably 10% to 98% by weight of the composition.

The present invention also provides a composition comprising water and a mixture of a plurality of siloxanes of the present invention of the general formula I:

The silicone active ingredient of formula I in the aqueous composition of the present invention is preferably present in an amount of from 1% to 80%, particularly preferably from 5% to 70%, and especially preferably from 20% to 60% by weight of the composition.

The above aqueous compositions, which are generally clear to opaque, readily flowable to moderately viscous liquids, are suitably obtained by mixing the polyether siloxanes of the formula I according to the invention with water. In addition, the hydrolysis alcohol produced upon dilution may suitably be at least partially removed by distillation, suitably by fractional distillation and under reduced pressure. Compositions of this type according to the invention are substantially free of organic solvents, and generally have an alcohol content of not more than 5%, preferably < 2%, particularly preferably not more than 0.5%, and especially preferably not more than 0.1%, by weight of the composition. Here and hereinbelow, the components of all compositions add up to 100% by weight.

The present invention also provides a composition comprising a mixture of a plurality of siloxanes of the present invention having the general formula I:

R[-O_(3-h)/2Si(R¹)(OR)_h]_x[-O_(3-i-j)/2Si(R²)(R³)_i(OR)_j]_y (I)

and at least one organoalkoxysilane from the following series: alkylalkoxysilanes, preferably methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, n-propyltrimethoxysilane, n-propyltriethoxysilane, isobutyltrimethoxysilane and isobutyltriethoxysilane; arylalkoxysilanes, preferably phenyltrimethoxysilane and phenyltriethoxysilane; silicates (silica ester), preferably tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane and tetrapropoxysilane; fluoroalkylalkoxysilanes, preferably tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyltrimethoxysilane and tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyltriethoxysilane; aminoalkylalkoxysilanes, preferably 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-bis (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- [ N' - (2-aminoethyl) -2-aminoethyl ] -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; glycidyl ether oxyalkylalkoxysilanes, preferably 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyltriethoxysilane; methacryloxyalkylalkoxysilanes, preferably 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-methacryloxyisobutyltrimethoxysilane; mercaptoalkylalkoxysilanes, preferably 3-mercaptotrimethoxysilane; or vinylalkoxysilanes, preferably vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane and vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane; or a mixture of at least two of the above alkoxysilanes.

In addition to the polyether siloxanes according to the invention, the compositions according to the invention may advantageously comprise at least one organoalkoxysilane or corresponding hydrolyzate in a proportion of from 0.1% to 99.9%, preferably from 99.8% to 90% and from 10% to 0.5%, particularly preferably from 99.5% to 95% and from 5% to 1%, particularly preferably from 99.2% to 98% and from 4% to 2%, by weight of the composition.

In addition, compositions of the present invention containing monomeric organosilanes also suitably contain mixtures of a plurality of siloxanes of formula I in an amount of from 0.1% to 99.9% by weight of the composition. In this connection, the polyether siloxanes according to the invention are preferably present in an amount of from 0.2% to 10% and from 90% to 99.5%, particularly preferably from 0.5% to 5% and from 95% to 99%, particularly preferably from 0.8% to 2% and from 96% to 98%, by weight of the composition.

The present invention also provides a process for preparing the polyether siloxanes or compositions containing polyether siloxanes of the present invention, which comprises targeted hydrolysis, condensation or co-condensation of at least one monomeric hydrolyzable silane, wherein per mole of silane of the following (i) or (ii) is reacted with from 0.3 to 150 moles of water:

(i) at least one polyether alkoxysilane of the general formula IV:

R⁴-O[-R⁵-O]_n[(-R⁶)_m]-Si(OR)₃ (IV)

wherein

Each R is the same or different, R is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, 2-methoxyethyl or 2-hydroxyethyl,

R⁴is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms orAn aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms,

each R is⁵Are the same or different, R⁵Is a divalent linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,

R⁶is a divalent linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,

m is 0 or 1, and m is,

or

(ii) At least one polyetheralkoxysilane of the above formula IV and at least one organoalkoxysilane of the general formula V:

R²-Si(R³)_i(OR)_3-i (V)

wherein

each R is²Are the same or different, R²Is an optionally substituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; a mercaptoalkyl group; alkenyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; alkynyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or aminoalkyl of the formula III:

H₂N(CH₂)_d[(NH)_e(CH₂)_f]_g-(CH₂)₃- (III)

wherein d is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, f is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, g is 1 when e is 0 and d is 0, and g is 1 or 2 when e is 1 and d is more than 0; n-alkylaminoalkyl; an alkylene oxide group; or an acryloxyalkyl group, or a salt thereof,

R³is a straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkane having 1 to 8 carbon atomsThe base group is a group of a compound,

i is 0 or 1.

The amount of water used in the reaction according to the invention is preferably from 0.5 to 100mol, particularly preferably from 1 to 80mol, particularly preferably from 5 to 60mol, very particularly preferably from 10 to 50 mol.

This process typically results in a clear to opaque, slightly to moderately viscous liquid.

In addition, the reaction according to the invention can be carried out in the presence of hydrolysis and/or condensation catalysts, for example in the presence of organic acids, inorganic acids or bases. Catalysts which may be used are preferably, but not limited to, formic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, ammonia, alkali metal hydroxides (e.g. NaOH, KOH, LiOH), alkaline earth metal hydroxides (e.g. Ca (OH))₂) Amines (e.g. triethylamine), alkoxides (e.g. NaOCH)₃、NaOC₂H₅、Mg(OCH₃)₂) In particular corresponding aqueous solutions of acids or bases and corresponding aqueous or alcoholic solutions.

In addition, inert solvents may be added to the reaction mixture of the reaction according to the invention, for example methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, 2-methylethanol or mixtures thereof being preferred with respect to the corresponding alcohols of the substances added.

In addition, in the process of the invention, the reaction is carried out at from 10 to 100 ℃ and preferably at from 30 to 90 ℃ and particularly preferably at from 50 to 80 ℃.

Furthermore, the reaction according to the invention is suitably carried out at a pH in the range from 1 to 12, preferably from 2 to 6 and from 8 to 11, particularly preferably from 3 to 5 and from 9 to 10.5. In this connection, the pH can be determined by methods known per se, for example using pH paper, chemical methods using indicators or potentiometry (e.g.pH electrodes) (cf. also R.Degner, S.Leibl, "pH messen. Soward's gemacht!", VCH, Weinheim, 1995).

In the process of the invention, the silane of the general formula IV used is preferably at least one monomeric polyether silane selected from the following series: 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl trialkoxysilane, 3- [ polypropylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl trialkoxysilane, 3- [ poly (ethylene glycol-co-propylene glycol) monomethyl ether ] propyl trialkoxysilane or a mixture of at least two of the foregoing polyether alkoxysilanes, the alkoxy groups in the above series preferably being methoxy, ethoxy and propoxy.

In particular, polyether silanes of the formula IV, for example, are preferred as starting materials: 3- [ (polyethylene glycol) monomethyl ether ] propyl triethoxysilane, 3- [ (polyethylene glycol) monoethyl ether ] propyl trimethoxysilane, 2- [ (polyethylene glycol) monomethyl ether ] ethyl trimethoxysilane, 3- [ (polyethylene glycol) monobutyl ether ] propyl trimethoxysilane and 5- [ (polyethylene glycol) monomethyl ether ] pentyl trimethoxysilane.

Such monomeric polyether silanes are generally mixtures in which the average degree of polymerization of the repeating units in the capped polyether groups is suitably from 3 to 30 and the bandwidth of the individual silanes is preferably from 1 to 100, particularly preferably from 3 to 50, particularly preferably from 4 to 40, as determined by standard analytical methods, for example mass spectrometry.

In addition, in the process according to the invention, the organoalkoxysilane of the formula V used is preferably at least one silane of the following series: methyltrimethoxysilane, N-propyltrimethoxysilane, isobutyltrimethoxysilane, isobutyltriethoxysilane, octyltrimethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, perfluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinylmethyldimethoxysilane, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-octyltrimethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, perfluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, perfluoroethyltrimethoxysilane, perfluoro, Triaminoethylpropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxy-2-methylpropyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, N-propyltriethoxysilane, octyltriethoxysilane, hexadecyltriethoxysilane, perfluoropropyltriethoxysilane, tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinylmethyldiethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (N-butyl) -3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, N- (N-butylmethyl) triethoxysilane, N- (N-butylmethyl, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, triaminoethylpropyltriethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxy-2-methylpropyltriethoxysilane, or mixtures thereof.

In the process of the present invention, mixtures of (a) polyether silanes of the formula IV and (b) organoalkoxysilanes of the formula V or of the formula V are suitably employed, and the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is from 0.5: 100 to 100: 0, preferably from 5: 95 to 95: 5, particularly preferably from 10: 90 to 90: 10, particularly preferably from 25: 75 to 75: 25, more preferably from 40: 60 to 60: 40, for example but not exclusively 98: 2, 85: 15, 80: 20, 70: 30, 50: 50, and also for example 40: 60 and 15: 85.

In the context of the present invention, particularly preferred products, i.e. the polyether siloxanes of the formula I according to the invention, have a combination of functional groups, for example:

3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/hydroxy or methoxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether) propyl/hydroxy or ethoxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/hydroxy or methoxy, ethoxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/methyl (methoxy), 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/methyl/hydroxy or ethoxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/vinyl/hydroxy or methoxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/vinyl/hydroxy or ethoxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-aminopropyl/hydroxy or methoxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-aminopropyl/hydroxy or ethoxy, a salt thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, a pharmaceutically, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-aminopropyl/hydroxy or methoxy, ethoxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/phenyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether) propyl/N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- [ N' (2-aminoethyl) -2-aminoethyl ] -3-aminopropyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-methacryloxypropyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-glycidyloxypropyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/octyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/methyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/vinyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/phenyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- (polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N, N-diaminoethyl-3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N, N' -diaminoethyl-3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] -propyl/3-methacryloxypropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-glycidyloxypropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/phenyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- [ N' - (2-aminoethyl) -2-aminoethyl ] -3-aminopropyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-methacryloxypropyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-glycidyloxypropyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/octyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/methyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/vinyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/phenyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N, N-diaminoethyl-3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N, N' -diaminoethyl-3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-methacryloxypropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-glycidyloxypropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/phenyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- [ N' - (2-aminoethyl) -2-aminoethyl ] -3-aminopropyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-methacryloxypropyl/methoxy, a salt thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-glycidyloxypropyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/octyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/methyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/vinyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/phenyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N, N-diaminoethyl-3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/N, N' -diaminoethyl-3-aminopropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy, 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-methacryloxypropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy and 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl/3-glycidyloxypropyl/tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl/methoxy, ethoxy or hydroxy.

The process of the invention is generally carried out as follows: the starting materials, i.e. the polyether silane of the formula IV and the organoalkoxysilane of the formula V, are initially introduced, mixed thoroughly, and water or a water/catalyst mixture is added in a targeted manner. The starting mixture used can also be diluted, for example, by adding large amounts of inert solvents, such as alcohols. However, it is also possible to initially charge water or a water/alcohol mixture, optionally with a catalyst, and then to meter in the initial silane. In this connection, the pH of the reaction mixture should be in the range from 1 to 12. The reaction can be carried out usually at 10 to 100 ℃ and, if necessary, the pressure can be varied. Typically, the reaction is carried out for 5 minutes to 8 hours. The product mixture thus obtained can be left for the subsequent reaction, if desired under reflux with thorough mixing.

In addition, the alcohol added as diluent and the alcohol produced by hydrolysis or condensation can be at least partially removed from the product mixture by distillation. The distillation may be carried out by fractional distillation, if necessary, under reduced pressure.

Furthermore, the amount of alcohol removed from the system can be simultaneously replaced by a corresponding amount of water.

The polyether siloxanes thus obtained are generally mixtures of linear, cyclic and optionally branched siloxanes.

The polyether siloxanes according to the invention or the product mixtures obtained according to the invention can be diluted in a targeted manner with water and/or alcohol.

However, it is also possible to mix at least one specific organofunctional silane, preferably at least one organoalkoxysilane from the following series, with the polyether siloxanes of the present invention: alkylalkoxysilanes, arylalkoxysilanes, silicates, fluoroalkylalkoxysilanes, aminoalkylalkoxysilanes, glycidyloxyalkylalkoxysilanes, methacryloyloxyalkylalkoxysilanes, mercaptoalkylalkoxysilanes or vinylalkoxysilanes, if appropriate, the mixture being diluted with water and/or alcohol as required.

However, it is also possible to dilute the product mixture prepared by the reaction according to the invention additionally with water and then remove the alcohol from the aqueous system as described above. In this way, ready-to-use compositions containing water and polyether siloxanes are obtained.

The present invention therefore also provides polyether siloxanes according to the invention or corresponding siloxane mixtures according to the invention or aqueous and/or alcoholic compositions, and also compositions according to the invention, which, in addition to polyether siloxanes, also comprise monomeric organosilanes obtainable by the process according to the invention.

With the products according to the invention, i.e. the polyether siloxanes of the formula I and the compositions according to the invention containing the polysiloxanes, it is possible to modify (and thus determine in a targeted manner) the surface properties of the substrates in a targeted (and thus advantageous) manner from being extremely hydrophobic to being extremely hydrophilic. The wettability of the substrate to various liquid media can thus be controlled particularly easily.

Suitable substrates include, but are not limited to, glass, quartz or silica, ceramics, organically modified ceramics, specialty ceramics (e.g., SiC, SiOC, Si)₃N₄SiBN, SiBNC, BN, SiAlO, SiZrO, SiTiO), also including fillers and pigments, such as calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, iron oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, tin oxide, germanium oxide, zinc oxide, talc, kaolin, corundum, barite, wollastonite, indium tin oxide, metals, such as iron, iron alloys (in particular steel), aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, silver alloys, gold alloys, platinum alloys, polar plastics, such as polyesters or polyimides, polycarbonates, polyacrylates and polymethacrylates.

Preferred treated substrates also comprise layers prepared by CVD and spin-coating methods (these layers may contain, in particular, Si, O, C and N as such or in the form of corresponding compounds), in particular layers which are used as dielectrics for electronic components, i.e. layers on silicon surfaces (e.g. wafer surfaces). Thus, the processing described herein may be performed, for example, by: during the manufacture of semiconductors, the wafer surface is chemically-mechanically polished.

The polyether siloxanes of the present invention or corresponding compositions can be applied to a substrate surface by, for example (but not limited to): dipping, flow coating, spraying, misting, centrifuging, polishing, repairing of electroplated layers, brushing, coating or colandering. Drying is suitably carried out at from 10 to 220 deg.C, preferably from 20 to 150 deg.C. The layer thickness thus obtained is generally 20-0.01. mu.m. In general, good wetting properties are generally evident as early as when the polyether-functional siloxanes and compositions according to the invention are applied, so that very uniform layering can be achieved in a particularly advantageous manner. After drying the layer, the surface of the coated object or substrate can usually be easily coated with a polar to non-polar medium, depending on how the combination of condensates and/or cocondensates, i.e. the combination of functional groups in the siloxane, is chosen. Furthermore, an advantageous feature of such layers is excellent adhesion promoting properties.

The present invention also provides the use of the polyether siloxanes according to the invention and of the compositions for treating substrate surfaces, i.e. in particular for targeted modification of surface properties, preferably for surfaces of: metals (e.g., silicon, aluminum, iron, titanium, magnesium, zinc, tin, copper, silver, gold, platinum, nickel, chromium, vanadium, tungsten), alloys (e.g., iron alloys, steel, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, copper alloys, silver alloys, gold alloys, platinum alloys), conventional ceramics or specialty ceramics (e.g., SiC, SiOC, Si alloys)₃N₄SiBN, SiBNC, BN, SiAlO, SiZrO, SiTiO), artificial stone, glass and mineral fibers, structural materials, architectural structures, wherein the polyether siloxanes of the invention and the compositions are used for treating substrate surfaces as products of the following types: coating composition, additive for coating compositions, surface wetting agent, additive for wetting agents, lubricant, additive for lubricants and hydraulic fluids, additive for drilling fluids, in particular for stabilizing drilling wells, nonionic surfactant, for example in antifreeze and/or in refrigerant, impregnantAdditives for impregnants, corrosion inhibitors, additives for corrosion inhibitors, antifog agents, additives for paints and varnishes, additives for cosmetics (e.g. water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsions), and also for the production of cosmetics, compounds and composites (e.g. epoxy molding compounds), the manufacture of wafers, semiconductors and chips, the coating of optical and contact lenses, the coating of electrolytic copper foils for printed circuit boards, the silylation of fillers and pigments (e.g. calcium sulphate, calcium carbonate, iron oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, tin oxide, germanium oxide, zinc oxide, talc, kaolin, corundum, barytes, wollastonite, indium tin oxide), the improvement of the rheological properties of dispersions.

The invention thus also provides agents or articles based on the use according to the invention or the use of the polyether siloxanes according to the invention or corresponding compositions.

The invention is illustrated in more detail by the following examples, without however limiting the subject matter of the invention.

Examples

Reaction apparatus used in the following examples:

A2L stirring apparatus equipped with a reflux condenser, dropping funnel, mechanical stirrer and thermometer. For the distillation, the reflux condenser was replaced by a distillation bridge (distillationbridge) equipped with a vacuum adapter. Sometimes the products become cloudy after hydrolysis and can be eliminated by filtration, for example with a filter press.

The silane used:

VPS 4140：

the polyether silane VPS 4140 has a certain molecular weight distribution. In the mass spectrum, various types of silane with n being 6-30 are detected.

DYNASYLANF8261: tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyl triethoxysilane

DYNASYLANAMEO: 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane

DYNASYLANMTES: methyltriethoxysilane

DYNASYLANTRIAMO: 3- [2- (2-Aminoethylamino) ethylamino]Propyl radical

Trimethoxy silane

DYNASYLAN1151: aqueous solutions of amino-functional siloxanes

DYNASYLANHS 2775: aqueous solution of triamino-functional siloxane

Example 1

Preparation of polyether siloxanes with polyether silanes VPS 4140

800g of demineralized water and 0.8g of formic acid are initially introduced into the apparatus described above, and 200g of VPS 4140 are metered in over 15 minutes. The mixture was then stirred at 70-75 ℃ for 1 hour. The methanol/water mixture was distilled off at a bottom temperature of about 60 ℃ at a pressure of about 100mbar until the top temperature was about 50 ℃ and the distillate contained only water. During the distillation, water was added in an amount corresponding to the amount of the product as the distillate was removed. After completion of the distillation, the remaining hydrolysate in the distillation flask was made up to 1000g with demineralized water.

Example 2

Preparation of polyether silanes VPS 4140 and DYNASYLANCocondensates of F8261

At 50-75 deg.C, 114.6g DYNASYLANF8261, 285.4g VPS 4140 and 130g ethanol were initially introduced into the apparatus described above, and demineralized water and 5.8g formic acid were then metered in over the course of 7 hours with vigorous stirring. The methanol/ethanol/water mixture was distilled off at a bottom temperature of about 45 ℃ at a pressure of 250-80mbar until the top temperature was about 40 ℃ and the distillate contained only water. During the distillation, water was added in an amount corresponding to the amount of the product as the distillate was removed. After completion of the distillation, the remaining hydrolysate in the distillation flask was made up to 1000g with demineralized water.

Example 3

Preparation of polyether silanes VPS 4140 and DYNASYLANCocondensates of AMEO

600g of demineralized water are initially introduced into the apparatus described above, 296.6g of VPS 4140 and 103.4g of DYNASYLAN being metered in over 15 minutesMixtures of AMEO. The mixture was then stirred at about 60 ℃ for 2 hours. The methanol/ethanol/water mixture is distilled off at a bottom temperature of about 60 ℃ and a pressure of 150-100mbar,until the overhead temperature was about 50 ℃, the distillate contained only water. During the distillation, water was added in an amount corresponding to the amount of the product as the distillate was removed. After completion of the distillation, the remaining hydrolysate in the distillation flask was made up to 1000g with demineralized water.

Example 4

Preparation of polyether silanes VPS 4140 and DYNASYLANCocondensates of MTES

600g of demineralized water and 2.0g of formic acid are initially introduced into the apparatus, and 312.4g of VPS 4140 and 87.6g of DYNASYLAN are metered in over 15 minutesA mixture of MTES. The mixture was then stirred at 60-70 ℃ for 1.5 hours. The methanol/ethanol/water mixture was distilled off at a bottom temperature of about 60 ℃ at a pressure of about 100mbar until the top temperature was about 50 ℃ and the distillate contained only water. During the distillation, water was added in an amount corresponding to the amount of the product as the distillate was removed. After completion of the distillation, the remaining hydrolysate in the distillation flask was made up to 1000g with demineralized water.

Example 5

Preparation of polyether silanes VPS 4140 and DYNASYLANCocondensates of VTMO

600g of demineralized water and 2.7g of formic acid are initially introduced into the apparatus described above, and 324g of VPS 4140 and 76g of DYNASYLAN are metered in over 15 minutesA mixture of VTMOs. The mixture was then stirred at about 60 ℃ for 2 hours. The methanol/water mixture was distilled off at a bottom temperature of about 55 ℃ at a pressure of 140 to 90mbar until the top temperature was about 50 ℃ and the distillate contained only water. In thatDuring the distillation, water was added in an amount corresponding to the amount of the product as the distillate was removed. After completion of the distillation, the remaining hydrolysate in the distillation flask was made up to 1000g with demineralized water.

Example 6

Preparation of polyether silanes VPS 4140 and DYNASYLANCo-condensates of TRIAMO

600g of demineralized water are initially introduced into the apparatus described above, and 282g of VPS 4140 and 118g of DYNASYLAN are metered in over 15 minutesA mixture of TRIAMO. The mixture was then stirred at about 60 ℃ for 2 hours. The methanol/water mixture was distilled off at a bottom temperature of about 55 ℃ at a pressure of 140 to 90mbar until the top temperature was about 50 ℃ and the distillate contained only water. During the distillation, water was added in an amount corresponding to the amount of the product as the distillate was removed. After completion of the distillation, the remaining hydrolysate in the distillation flask was made up to 1000g with demineralized water.

TABLE 1

Properties of the hydrolysates prepared in examples 1-6:

hydrolysate	Free methanol (wt%)	Free ethanol (wt%)	pH	Viscosity (20 ℃ C.) (mPas)¹⁾	Color number (Gardner)²⁾
						Example 1	＜0.1	-	3.1	3.1	1
Example 2	＜0.1	＜0.1	2.5	58.4	3
						Example 3	＜0.1	＜0.1	10.7	9.4	5
Example 4	＜0.1	＜0.1	2.9	6.6	1
						Example 5	＜0.1	-	2.5	7.8	1
Example 6	＜0.1	-	10.7	7.5	3

¹⁾DIN 53 015

²⁾ISO 4630

Applications and comparative examples 7 to 15

The glass wafer was degreased with acetone and polished with cerium oxide slurry. The polyether siloxane-containing compositions prepared in examples 1-6 were rubbed onto pre-cleaned glass wafers. Then, the wafer was heat-treated at 150 ℃ for 60 minutes. Contact Angle measurement according to DIN EN 828 (static, H)₂O) to quantify the wettability and surface energy of the modified wafer surface. The individual values given in table 2 are the average of a number of measurements on the wafer.

As is shown by way of example in Table 2, with the compositions according to the invention containing polyether siloxanes optionally modified with silanes, it is possible to vary the surface properties over a wide range, in particular to make it possible to obtain low surface energies and excellent wettabilities.

TABLE 2

Results of the application studies on untreated and surface treated glass wafers.

EXAMPLES/COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES	Treatment agent	Organic functional groups and active ingredients of siloxanes	Contact angle theta DEG]
				7 (blank value)	-	-	33±2°
8	From example 1	Polyether	6±1°
				9	From example 3	Polyether/aminoalkyl radicals	20±1°
10	From example 6	Polyether/triaminoalkyl	25±1°
				11 (comparative example)	DYNASYLAN1151	Aminoalkyl radical	41±4°
12	From example 5	Polyether/alkenyl	44±1°
				13	From example 4	Polyether/alkyl	61±2°
14 (comparative example)	DYNASYLAN2775	Triaminoalkyl group	62±1°
				15	From example 2	Polyether/fluoroalkyl	91±1°

Claims

1. A composition comprising water and a mixture of a plurality of siloxanes of the general formula I:

R[-O_(3-h)/2Si(R¹)(OR)_h]_x[-O_(3-i-j)/2Si(R²)(R³)_i(OR)_j]_y (I)，

wherein

Each R is the same or different and is substantially H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, 2-methoxyethyl or 2-hydroxyethyl,

each R is¹Are the same or different, R¹Is a capped polyether group of formula II:

R⁴-O[-R⁵-O]_n[-(R⁶)_m]- (II)

wherein R is⁴Is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms,

n is a number of 1 to 200,

m is 0 or 1, and m is,

each R is²Are the same or different, R²Is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, said alkyl group being selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl or fluoroalkyl; a mercaptoalkyl group; alkenyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; alkynyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms; aminoalkyl groups of the general formula III:

H₂N(CH₂)_d[(NH)_e(CH₂)_f]_g-(CH₂)₃- (III)

wherein d is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, f is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, g is 1 when e is 0 and d is 0, and g is 1 or 2 when e is 1 and d is more than 0;

n-alkylaminoalkyl; an epoxyalkyl group; or an acryloxyalkyl group, or a salt thereof,

R³is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,

h. i and j are each independently of the other 0 or 1,

x is the number of 1-50,

y is 0 to 50, (x + y) ≥ 2 when y > 0, and (x + y) > 2 when y > 0,

wherein the content of the siloxane active ingredient in the formula I is 1-80% of the weight of the composition.

2. A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content of hydrolysed alcohol released upon hydrolysis or condensation of the alkoxysilane is less than 5% by weight of the composition.

3. A process for the preparation of a composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which process comprises targeted hydrolysis, condensation or co-condensation of at least one monomeric hydrolysable organosilane in which each mole of silane of the following (i) or (ii) is reacted with 0.3 to 150 moles of water:

(i) at least one polyether alkoxysilane of the general formula IV:

R⁴-O[-R⁵-O]_n[(-R⁶)_m]-Si(OR)₃ (IV)，

wherein

R⁴is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms,

n is a number of 1 to 200,

m is 0 or 1, and m is,

or

R²-Si(R³)_i(OR)_3-i (V)

wherein

each R is²Are the same or different, R²Is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; a mercaptoalkyl group; alkenyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; alkynyl having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or aminoalkyl of the formula III:

H₂N(CH₂)_d[(NH)_e(CH₂)_f]_g-(CH₂)₃- (III)

R³is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,

i is a number of 0 or 1,

wherein the reaction is carried out at a pH in the range of 1 to 12 and in the presence of a hydrolysis and/or condensation catalyst.

4. A process as claimed in claim 3 wherein a solvent is added to the reaction mixture.

5. A process as claimed in claim 3 or 4 wherein from 0.5 to 100 moles of water per mole of silane are used in the reaction.

6. A process as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature in the range 10 to 100 ℃.

7. A process as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the silane of the formula IV used is at least one monomeric polyether silane from the series: 3- [ polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl trialkoxysilane, 3- [ polypropylene glycol monomethyl ether ] propyl trialkoxysilane, 3- [ poly (ethylene glycol-co-propylene glycol) monomethyl ether ] propyl trialkoxysilane, or a mixture of at least two of the foregoing polyether alkoxysilanes.

8. A process as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the organoalkoxysilane of the formula V used is at least one silane of the series: methyltrimethoxysilane, N-propyltrimethoxysilane, isobutyltrimethoxysilane, octyltrimethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, perfluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinylmethyldimethoxysilane, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-phenyltrimethoxysilane, N-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-phenyltrimethoxysilane, N-, Triaminoethylpropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxy-2-methylpropyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, N-propyltriethoxysilane, octyltriethoxysilane, hexadecyltriethoxysilane, perfluoropropyltriethoxysilane, tridecafluoro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrahydrooctyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinylmethyldiethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, N- (N-butyl) -3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (N-butyl) -3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, N- (N-butylmethyl) triethoxysilane, N- (N-butylmethyl, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, triaminoethylpropyltriethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxy-2-methylpropyltriethoxysilane or mixtures thereof.

9. A process as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein a mixture of (a) a polyether silane of the formula IV and (b) an organoalkoxysilane of the formula V or of the general formula V is used and the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is from 0.5: 100 to 100: 0.

10. A process as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein free alcohol and hydrolysed alcohol formed during the reaction are removed from the product mixture.

11. A process as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the product mixture thus obtained is subjected to the following treatment: (A) diluting by adding further water, or (B) diluting by adding at least one alcohol, and/or (C) adding thereto at least one organoalkoxysilane from the following series: alkylalkoxysilanes, arylalkoxysilanes, silicates, fluoroalkylalkoxysilanes, aminoalkylalkoxysilanes, glycidyloxyalkylalkoxysilanes, methacryloyloxyalkylalkoxysilanes, mercaptoalkylalkoxysilanes or vinylalkoxysilanes.

12. Use of a composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising use in surface treatment as a product of the type: coating compositions, additives for coating compositions, surface wetting agents, additives for wetting agents, lubricants, additives for lubricants and hydraulic fluids, nonionic surfactants, additives for drilling fluids, impregnating agents, additives for impregnating agents, corrosion inhibitors, additives for corrosion inhibitors, antifogging agents, additives for paints and varnishes, additives for cosmetics, and also for cosmetic production, production of epoxy molding compounds, production of wafers, semiconductors and/or chips, coating of optical lenses and contact lenses, coating of electrolytic copper foils for printed circuit boards, silanization of fillers and pigments, improvement of rheological properties of dispersions.

13. An agent comprising a composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, said agent being based on the use and/or application of a composition as claimed in claim 12.