HK1199720B - Preset electronic torque tool - Google Patents

Abstract

An electronic torque wrench or other tool, and a method and a computer program for using the same, are disclosed. The disclosed systems allow a user to operate the tool in either a manual mode or automatic mode. In the manual mode, torque or angle targets are input into the wrench before the torqueing operation, and in the automatic mode, preset torque or angle targets are selected by the user. A user can also lock the tool so only a specific torqueing operation can be used without unlocking the tool. The torque and angle values can be input simultaneously such that a work piece can be torqued to a predetermined torque and angle without separate operations. An indicator can also be implemented that indicates the progress of the torqueing operation.

Description

Pre-adjusting electronic torque tool

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a tool for applying torque to a workpiece. More particularly, the present invention relates to an electronic torque wrench having predetermined torque and angle application values and an indicator that provides an indication to a user that the torque or angle value will be approached.

Background

Electronic torque wrenches are commonly used to apply a desired amount of torque to a workpiece, such as a bolt or nut, to ensure proper tightening of the workpiece. For example, a mechanic may need to apply 100 ft-lb of torque to separate the car's head bolts. Typically, the technician manually sets the torque wrench to a 100 ft-lb setting, which alerts the technician when the 100 ft-lb setting required for the operation of the head bolt is reached. The wrench may also be manually set to alert the user when the workpiece is rotated through a predetermined angle, for example 270 degrees. However, the craftsman often miscalculates the number of head nuts that are properly tightened or applies a torque wrench to the already tightened head nuts so that some head nuts are not properly tightened. Furthermore, the technician is not given an indication of the desired amount of torque or angular displacement that has been approached, and the technician can rely only on a single indication provided by the indicator when 100% of the desired torque is reached, thus often resulting in an over-torque condition because the technician is unaware that a 100% mark is coming.

Most electronic torque wrenches include only manual settings and the user must select a torque or angle setting for each set of workpieces rather than selecting a predetermined torque or angle that is predetermined in the memory of the torque wrench. Thus, each time the set of workpieces is processed with the tool, the user must input the desired torque and/or angular displacement for the desired torque operation, thereby introducing the possibility of error due to the user inputting the wrong torque or angle setting. Some torque wrenches include predetermined torque and angle targets, but lack a manual mode and can only operate in a predetermined automatic mode.

Some current torque wrenches also alert the user when the target torque is within a predetermined tolerance, but the tolerance cannot be adjusted by the user. Thus, more sensitive torque operations have the same torque tolerance due to less sensitive operations. Also, some torque wrenches allow for switching between torque measurement and angle measurement modes to ensure that the wrench applies the proper amount of torque and the proper amount of angular displacement, but these wrenches must be removed from the workpiece when the mode is changed, often resulting in inaccurate angle measurements.

Accordingly, there is a need for a torque application tool that can provide an indication to a user when a certain level of a desired amount of torque or angular displacement is reached, thereby alerting the user that the desired amount of torque or angular displacement is about to be reached to reduce the likelihood of over-torque. There is also a need for a torque application tool that provides an indication to a user when a desired amount of torque and a desired angular displacement are simultaneously applied to a workpiece. There is also a need for a torque application tool that provides an indication to a user when a desired amount of torque is first achieved, and then applies the desired amount of angular displacement to the workpiece without removing the tool from the workpiece when switching from torque measurement to angle measurement mode.

Disclosure of Invention

An electronic torque tool is disclosed that allows a user to operate the tool in either a manual mode, in which torque and/or angular displacement targets are input into the tool by the user prior to torque operation, or an automatic mode, in which predetermined torque and/or angular displacement targets, and/or a desired torque application count, are selected. The torque and angular displacement values may be measured simultaneously so that the workpiece may be twisted to a predetermined torque and angular displacement without removing the tool from the workpiece, or measured individually so that a predetermined amount of torque is applied first to the workpiece and then a predetermined amount of angular displacement is applied. The tool may also be locked so that only certain torque operations can be performed without unlocking the tool. In another embodiment, an indication device, such as a series of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), provides an indication to the user when the torque operation has reached a predetermined percentage of the target, such as 20%, 40%, 80%, 100%, 105%, etc., thereby alerting the user when the desired torque application is reached and preventing over-torquing of the workpiece.

In particular, a tool adapted to apply torque to a workpiece includes a head adapted to apply torque to a workpiece; a sensor operatively connected to the head and adapted to sense torque applied to a workpiece by the head; an interface adapted to receive a target value, the target value being a desired amount of torque applied to a workpiece; and an indicator adapted to provide a first indication to a user when the head applies a first predetermined percentage of the target value to the workpiece and a second indication to the user when the head applies a second predetermined percentage of the target value.

The invention also discloses a torque wrench having a head adapted to apply a torque to a workpiece, including a sensor operatively connected to the head and adapted to sense the torque applied to the workpiece by the head; an interface adapted to receive a target value from a user, the target value being at least one of a desired amount of torque and an amount of angular displacement applied to a workpiece; and a first LED adapted to provide a first indication to a user when the head applies a first predetermined percentage of the target value to the workpiece; a second LED adapted to provide a second indication to the user when the head applies a second predetermined percentage of the target value; and a third LED adapted to provide a third indication to the user when the head applies a third predetermined percentage of the target value, wherein the first predetermined percentage is about 80%, the second predetermined percentage is about 100%, and the third predetermined percentage is about 105%.

The invention also discloses a tool adapted to apply torque to a workpiece, comprising a head adapted to apply torque and angular displacement to a workpiece; a sensor operatively connected to the head and adapted to sense an amount of torque applied to the workpiece and an amount of angular displacement applied to the workpiece by the head; an interface adapted to receive a desired amount of torque and a desired amount of angular displacement applied to a workpiece; an indicator that provides an indication to a user when the head is applying a desired amount of torque and a desired amount of angular displacement to the workpiece.

Further, a tool adapted to apply torque to a workpiece is disclosed, comprising a head adapted to apply torque and angular displacement to a workpiece; a sensor operatively connected to the head and adapted to sense an amount of torque and an amount of angular displacement applied to a workpiece by the head; an interface adapted to receive a target value for a desired amount of torque to be first applied to the workpiece and a desired amount of angular displacement to be applied to the workpiece after the desired amount of torque is applied to the workpiece; an indicator adapted to provide a first indication to a user when a desired amount of torque is applied to the workpiece, the indicator being adapted to provide a second indication when a desired amount of angular displacement is applied to the workpiece after the desired amount of torque has been applied to the workpiece.

Drawings

For the purpose of promoting an understanding of the subject matter sought to be protected, there is shown in the drawings embodiments of the invention and, together with the advantages thereof, may be understood by reference to the following description.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electronic torque tool in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a control member of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a method of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the function of an indicator of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of various screen shots for a predetermined target input;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of various screen shots for a predetermined delete command;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of various screen shots for the wrench locking mode;

FIG. 8 is a diagram of various screen shots for operating mode selection;

FIG. 9 is a chart of various screen shots for tolerance input.

It is to be understood that the comments included in the comments, as well as the materials, dimensions and tolerances discussed herein are simple suggestions that can be modified by one skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Detailed Description

While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described in detail, preferred embodiments of the invention with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

An electronic torque wrench, method, and computer readable medium storing a computer program that allow a user to operate the wrench in a manual mode, in which a torque or angle target is input to the wrench prior to torque operation, or an automatic mode, in which a predetermined torque or angle target is selected. The torque and angle values can be simultaneously input so that the workpiece can be twisted to a predetermined torque and angle without a separate operation. The user may also lock the tool so that it can only be operated with a particular torque without unlocking the tool. An indicator, such as a series of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), may visually alert the user when the torque operation reaches a predetermined percentage of the target, such as 20%, 40%, 80%, etc.

As shown in fig. 1, the disclosed tool 100 has a handle 105 and a head 110. The handle 105 may include a grip 115 for holding the handle, an interface 120 for inputting commands, such as torque or angle targets, and a display 125 for displaying data related to the tool 100. An indicator 130 may also be included to provide a visual indication to the user when a predetermined amount of torque is applied to the workpiece. The head 110 of the tool 100 may include a sensor 135, the sensor 135 sensing the applied torque or angular displacement of the workpiece. The tool 100 may also include a button 140 located on the interface 120 and a reversing lever 145 for changing the direction of actuation of the tool.

The handle 115 may be any structure that improves the user's grip on the tool. For example, the handle 115 may be a knurled handle for cutting slots and built-in calibration marks.

The interface 120 enables a user to input information or commands to the controls 150. For example, the interface 120 may include a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, audio recorder, audio transmitter, component tablet (member pad), or any device that enables a user to input information. As shown in FIG. 1, in one embodiment, the interface 120 may include buttons 140, such as up/down control buttons and an "enter" key.

In one embodiment, the display 125 may display various information for the user to view and interpret, such as text or graphics entered into the interface 120, or information. For example, the display 125 may include a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display, a plasma screen, or any other black and white or color display that allows a user to view and interpret information. In one embodiment, the display 125 is a backlight and a dot matrix Liquid Crystal Display (LCD).

The indicator 130 may be any structure that prompts the user through visual, audible, or tactile means when a predetermined amount of progress of the torque or angle target is completed. For example, the indicator 130 may be a series of LED lights, of different colors, that light up when the torque or angle operation reaches a predetermined percentage of completion. The LED lights may be green, yellow and red, and may be any number. For example, the LED lights may include 3 yellow LEDs, 1 green LED, and 1 red LED, wherein the first yellow LED lights up when torque operation reaches about 40%, the second yellow LED lights up when torque operation reaches about 60%, the third yellow LED lights up when torque operation reaches about 80%, the green LED lights up when torque operation reaches 100%, and the red LED lights up when torque operation reaches 105% or an upper limit. Alternatively, the indicator 130 may be a vibrating mechanism that vibrates when these percentages are reached, or may be an audio speaker that emits an audible communication when the percentages are reached. The progress of the torque or angle target may also be shown on the display 125. Any device capable of indicating the progress of the torque or angle target may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The backlight on the display 125 may also be illuminated when the torque and/or angle cycle begins, such as becoming brighter when the applied torque reaches an upper limit.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a control member 150 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the control 150 includes a memory 155 for storing data and/or computer programs, a processor 160 for controlling the operation of the control 150, and a transceiver 165 for transmitting data related to the tool 100 to an external source. The control 150 may also have a power source 170, such as a battery, typically used to power the operation of the control 150 and the tool 100. The above-described components of the control member 150 may be connected together, directly or indirectly, by any known means. In addition, the control 150 and other electrical components of the tool 100 may be substantially contained within the handle 105 and head 110 to make the tool 100 more compact and reduce the likelihood of damage to the electrical components of the tool, including the control 150.

In one embodiment, the memory 155 may store any data or computer program for the tool 100. For example, the memory 155 may store predetermined torque and angle target values used in automatic setting, or may include temporary torque and angle target values used in manual setting. The memory 155 may also store an operating system for the controls 150, or other software or data necessary to function with the tool 100. The memory 155 may include, without limitation, any non-transitory computer-readable recording medium, such as a hard disk, DVD, CD, flash drive, volatile or non-volatile memory, RAM, or any other type of data storage.

The processor 160 facilitates communication between the various components of the tool 100, as well as control operations of the electrical components of the tool 100. The processor 160 may be any type of processor, such as a desktop or mobile processor, an embedded processor, a microprocessor, a single or multi-core processor.

The transceiver 165 may be any device capable of transmitting data from the tool 100 or receiving data from an external data source within the tool 100. For example, the transceiver 165 may be any type of wireless transmission wire, cellular antenna, hard-wired transceiver, or any other type of wired or wireless transceiver capable of communicating with an external device. For example, the transceiver 165 may be a USB port capable of connecting a USB flash drive or a USB cable, the USB port having a USB cover overlaid thereon.

The power source 170 may be any source of electrical or mechanical energy that may supply the control 150. In one embodiment, the power source 170 is a battery. However, the power source 170 may be any component that provides energy, including a battery, a fuel cell, an engine, a solar power system, a wind power system, a hydro power system, a power cord for connecting to an electrical outlet, or any other device that provides energy.

Fig. 3 shows a flow chart of a method 300 of an embodiment of the invention. As shown, the method 300 begins and proceeds to step 305, where it is determined whether the tool 100 is in a manual mode or an automatic mode. The user may initiate the manual or automatic mode by any known means, such as by operating the interface 120 to select the mode, or by pressing a button to select a predetermined automatic mode, such as 100 ft-lb of torque. In the manual mode, for example, the user may input a torque of 100 ft-lb as a torque input, and the tolerance may also be predetermined to a default level, or selected and modified by the user. If the tool 100 is in the automatic mode 320, the user may select any of the predetermined, stored settings from the memory 155 to perform a torque operation on a workpiece. These settings may be selected in any known manner, as described above. After this step, the method proceeds to step 325, where it is determined whether the tool 100 is locked.

If the tool 100 is locked, a predetermined and locked set of target values and/or tolerances are established as the operating parameters for torque operation 330. This locking function allows a supervisor or other person to "lock" the tool 100 so that the tool 100 can be operated only at one or more predetermined torque operations. The lock-out function does not allow the user to change the torque operation outside of predetermined values, such as target values and/or tolerances. For example, if the bolt requires 100 ft-lb of torque operation, the locking feature can only provide the user with a 100 ft-lb selection, thereby preventing the user from performing other torque operations when the tool 100 is not unlocked.

In either the automatic or manual mode, the batch counter may be decremented each time a single torque/angle value reaches each workpiece, and the decrement in the remaining workpieces is displayed on the display 125. The indicator 130 may also provide an indication to the user of the difference between the number of workpieces and the total number of workpieces that have applied the desired amount of torque and the desired amount of angular displacement. In automatic or manual mode, the number of workpieces affected may also be calculated and displayed on the display.

The user may also operate the tool 100 in a "work mode" in which a series of torque operations are applied to a plurality of workpieces in sequence. This mode of operation is advantageous when a supervisor wants the user to perform torque operations in a particular sequence. For example, the operating mode may perform a predetermined 100 ft-lb torque on the first bolt and a predetermined 80 ft-lb torque on the next nine bolts. Any other predetermined sequence may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

The working mode

In step 310 or 335, for example, the user may input or select a target torque and a target angle to be achieved simultaneously with the target torque. This arrangement has the advantage of determining that the user has properly twisted all of the workpieces of the batch. For example, if the batch includes 20 bolts, the user typically has the mistake of believing that all 20 bolts have been properly torqued, but that several of the bolts have been torqued more than once. Thus, several bolts are also loose. By applying the torque and angle targets simultaneously, achievement of the torque target ensures proper fastening of the workpiece, while achievement of the angle target ensures that the fastener has indeed rotated the proper amount. The target angle may also ensure that the workpiece is properly tightened to the desired angular measurement for the particular application. For example, hydraulic or diesel line fittings must be tightened to the correct torque and must be simultaneously rotated to a specific angle to ensure that the fastener is properly installed and that there is no stripping or over-running (cross-threading). The simultaneous torque/angle targets achieve this goal.

Alternatively, the user may input a torque, then an angle mode in which the predetermined torque and angle are achieved in steps, rather than simultaneously, as described above. For example, the predetermined torque may be a torque of 100 ft-lb and the predetermined angle may be 270 degrees. The user may twist the workpiece until it reaches 100 ft-lb and then continue twisting until it reaches an angle of 270 degrees. This mode is advantageous because it does not require the user to remove the tool 100 from the workpiece during operation, but instead achieves two measurements in steps without removing the tool 100.

The method then proceeds to step 345 where the user rotates the tool 100 according to the measured and stored torque operation in either the manual or automatic mode. The user may rotate the tool 100 toward the torque target, during which the indicator 130 may indicate the process in step 350. For example, the indicator 130 may indicate when the tool 100 has reached 20%, 40%, and 100% torque targets. These three percentage values may be indicated in turn by the indicator 130, visually or otherwise. For example, if the indicator 130 is a series of LEDs, 20% of the value may be represented by a first yellow LED, 40% of the value may be represented by a second yellow LED, and 100% of the value may be represented by a green LED. Any number and color of LEDs may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

In step 355, if the user excessively twists the workpiece beyond the torque operation listed in the manual or automatic mode, an alarm will be activated. For example, if the torque operation to twist the workpiece exceeds the positive tolerance input in step 325, the indicator 130 may illuminate a red LED, or flash. Any other means by which the user may be alerted may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

FIG. 4 illustrates a graph 400 of torque operation according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the graph 400 includes a plot of values, with the Y-axis representing a percentage of a target (e.g., a percentage of a target torque value), and the X-axis representing a value associated with the target (e.g., torque, if the target value is a particular torque value).

Various indicators may also be included to indicate different values at which the indicator 130 will alert the user, for example, by illuminating LEDs. For example, as shown, the first indicator 405 is shown at 40% of the target mark. Here a first LED, such as a yellow LED, is shown as a square alerting the user that the tool 100 has reached 40% of the target torque value. The second 410 and third 415 indicators are also shown as squares, and in addition to the first indicator 405 being yellow, the two indicators may also be illuminated as yellow LEDs. The fourth 420 and fifth 425 indicators may also be displayed as X-marks in the chart 400. These indicators are displayed when the user has torqued the workpiece to a target value that is within the tolerance range entered by the user. For example, the fourth indicator 420 may be activated when the torque operation reaches a target torque within the lower tolerance 435 (i.e., 100% minus the lower tolerance 435). When the torque operation reaches the upper tolerance 430 of the target torque (i.e., 100% plus the upper tolerance 430), the fifth indicator 425 may be activated. If the user twists the workpiece beyond the upper tolerance 430, an alarm within the indicator 130 will be activated.

As described above, the indicator may implement any LED sequence. For example, when a green or red led(s) is lit, a yellow led(s) may be off. The order of the indicators 130 may be different between the manual mode and the automatic mode. For example, in the manual mode, a default tolerance may be entered, which the user may modify at a later time. For torque operations below a predetermined torque value, the default tolerance may be a greater percentage of the target torque than if the user entered a greater target torque. For example, for a 10 ft-lb torque, a default tolerance of 10% may be used, so that the target torque (between 9-11 ft-lb) is a suitable range that the user may achieve. But may be a default tolerance of 4% for a target torque of 100 ft-lb because the tolerance still provides a sufficiently large torque range for the target torque (here 96 ft-lb to 104 ft-lb).

Fig. 5 through 9 illustrate diagrams of various screen shots of embodiments of the present invention. For example, FIG. 5 illustrates a series of screen shots when a predetermined target is entered. As shown, the predetermined torque value is specified using the up and down buttons and is selected using the enter button. In FIG. 5, the predetermined torque is 100.0 ft-lb and the maximum torque is 104.0 ft-lb. A batch count may also be selected, which in FIG. 5 is selected to be 3 workpieces.

FIG. 6 illustrates a chart of various screen shots of a predetermined delete command. As shown, using the up/down arrow and enter buttons, a predetermined 90 ft-lb may be deleted from memory 155. Alternatively, the 90 ft-lb target is changed to a torque target that is more appropriate for the task at hand using the "edit" button.

FIG. 7 illustrates a chart of various screen shots of a wrench lock command. As shown, the user can select the "mode setting" item and the "predetermined lock" command using the up/down arrow and the input button. The lock command is reversed by a password entry or other security means.

FIG. 8 shows a diagram of various screenshots of the "operating mode" selection. As shown, this mode of operation may be selected and locked by an up/down arrow in combination with an "enter" button.

FIG. 9 illustrates a chart of various screen shots of tolerance input commands for the manual mode. As shown, the tolerance may be input as a percentage of the total torque or angle target. Alternatively, the tolerance may be entered as a torque or angle value rather than as a percentage of the target value.

As mentioned above, the tool 100 is an electronic torque wrench. However, the tool 100 may be any instrument for applying torque to a workpiece without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, but not limiting of, the tool 100 may be a ratchet wrench, an open end wrench, a spanner wrench, or any tool capable of applying torque to a workpiece.

As used herein, the term "connected" or "communicative coupled" may refer to any physical, electrical, magnetic, or other connection, direct or indirect, between two elements. The term "connected" is not limited to a fixed direct connection between two bodies.

The subject matter set forth in the foregoing description and accompanying drawings is offered by way of illustration only and not as a limitation. While particular embodiments have been shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.

Claims (13)

1. A tool having a head adapted to apply a torque to a workpiece and a sensor operatively connected to the head and adapted to sense an amount of the torque applied to a workpiece by the head, comprising:

an interface adapted to receive a target value representing a desired amount of torque to be applied to a workpiece; and

an indicator adapted to provide a first indication when the amount of torque applied to the workpiece reaches 100% of the target value minus a tolerance amount, and a second indication when the amount of torque applied to the workpiece reaches 100% of the target value plus the tolerance amount, wherein the tool is adapted to prevent alteration of the target value when the tool is not unlocked.

2. The tool of claim 1, wherein the indicator provides a third indication when the amount of torque applied to the workpiece reaches a first predetermined percentage of the target value, a fourth indication when the amount of torque applied to the workpiece reaches a second predetermined percentage of the target value, and a fifth indication when the amount of torque applied to the workpiece reaches a third predetermined percentage of the target value.

3. The tool of claim 2, wherein the first predetermined percentage is about 40%, the second predetermined percentage is about 60%, and the third predetermined percentage is about 80%.

4. The tool of claim 2, wherein the indicator comprises an LED assembly.

5. The tool of claim 4, wherein the LED assembly comprises a green LED, first, second, and third yellow LEDs, and a red LED, wherein the first indication illuminates the green LED, the second indication illuminates the red LED, the third indication illuminates the first yellow LED, the fourth indication illuminates the second yellow LED, and the fifth indication illuminates the third yellow LED.

6. The tool of claim 5, wherein the yellow LED is not illuminated when the green LED is illuminated, and the green LED is not illuminated when the red LED is illuminated.

7. The tool of claim 1, wherein the target value further comprises a desired amount of angular displacement to be imparted to the workpiece by the head.

8. A torque wrench having a head adapted to transmit torque to a workpiece and a sensor operatively connected to the head and adapted to sense an amount of torque and angular displacement applied to the workpiece, comprising:

an interface adapted to receive a target value representing at least one of a desired amount of torque and a desired amount of angular displacement applied to a workpiece by the head, wherein the torque wrench is adapted to prevent alteration of the target value when the torque wrench is not unlocked; and

a first LED adapted to be illuminated when one or both of the amount of torque and the amount of angular displacement applied to the workpiece is 80% of the target value; a second LED adapted to be illuminated when the amount of torque applied to the workpiece reaches 100% of the target value minus a tolerance amount; and a third LED adapted to be lit when the amount of torque applied to the workpiece reaches 100% of the target value plus the tolerance amount.

9. A tool having a head for applying torque and angular displacement to a workpiece, comprising:

a sensor operatively connected to the head and adapted to sense an amount of torque and an amount of angular displacement, respectively, applied to a workpiece by the head;

an interface adapted to receive a target value representing a desired amount of torque to be first applied to the workpiece and a desired amount of angular displacement to be applied to the workpiece after the desired amount of torque is applied to the workpiece;

an indicator adapted to provide a first indication to a user when a desired amount of said torque applied to the workpiece reaches 100% of said target value minus a tolerance amount, and to provide a second indication to the user when the amount of said torque applied to the workpiece reaches 100% of said target value plus said tolerance amount; and

wherein the tool is adapted to be locked to prevent alteration of the target value when the tool is not unlocked.

10. The tool of claim 9, wherein the interface is further adapted to receive information regarding a total number of workpieces to which the desired amount of torque and the desired amount of angular displacement are to be applied, wherein the indicator provides a third indication of a difference between the number of workpieces to which the desired amount of torque and the desired amount of angular displacement have been applied and the total number of workpieces.

11. The tool of claim 10, further comprising a display adapted to visually provide a third indication.

12. The tool of claim 9, wherein the indicator is adapted to provide a third indication of a desired amount of torque and a desired number of workpieces angularly displaced from the desired amount of torque that has been applied.

13. The tool of claim 12, further comprising a display adapted to visually provide a third indication.