HK1198195B - Drive device and method for operating a drive device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a drive device for driving a drill bar within the meaning of claim 1 and a method for operating a drive device.

The drive train shall comprise a drive train with a rotary drive train and a vibration drive train for the rotary and axial vibration drive of a drive train and an adapter train coupled to the drive train and comprising an external adapter for connecting an external bar and an internal adapter for connecting an inlet.

A drive of this type is shown, for example, in EP 2 444 587 A1. This known drive uses a rotary drive to turn a drive shaft and generates a vibration of the drive shaft by means of a vibration drive. On the side of the drive shaft facing the borehole there is an adapter to which both an inner and an outer shaft can be connected. The rotation and vibration are then transmitted equally to the input shaft and the output shaft.

In order to vibrate only the outer bar and to provide only a rotational motion at the inner bar, the known drive may be equipped with a second drive with an independent drive shaft to which the inner bar can be connected. In this way, the inner and outer bars can be driven independently of each other.

The purpose of the invention is to provide a drive and a method of operating a drive which enable a particularly economical hole to be constructed.

The problem is solved according to the invention by a drive device with the characteristics of claim 1 and by a process with the characteristics of claim 12.

The drive device is designed to transmit the rotational motion and axial vibration of the drive shaft to the outer bar, and the inner adapter is axially movable and spring-loaded in the outer adapter.

The method of the invention involves the transfer of a rotating and axially vibrating motion to a drive shaft by means of a drive device, the transfer of the rotating and axially vibrating motion of the drive shaft to an external adapter coupled to an external bar, and the transfer of the rotation of the external adapter and/or the drive shaft to an internal adapter coupled to an internal bar.

A first basic idea of the invention is to couple the external adapter to the drive shaft in such a way that the rotational motion and vibration of the drive shaft are transmitted to the external adapter and from it to the external rod.

A second basic idea of the invention is to position the inner adapter axially movable relative to the outer adapter or the drive shaft in order to prevent or at least reduce the axial vibration of the drive shaft to the inner rod. The inner adapter is movable in the direction of the shaft by a defined amount, with the movement of the inner adapter being preferably limited relative to the outer adapter.

The drive device according to the invention allows a vibration to be transmitted to an external bar, while the transmission of the vibration to the internal bar by the axially movable internal adapter is at least reduced. The axial motion of the internal adapter and thus of the internal adapter is therefore largely decoupled from the axial motion of the external adapter or external bar. The adapter device can therefore also be referred to as a decoupling device.

The drive shall be designed to transmit a vibration movement of a driving wave unchanged to an external bar, while the transmission is attenuated or attenuated to an internal bar stored in the external bar.

The rotation of the drive shaft is transferred to the outer and inner rods. A jointed gear is preferably provided for the transfer of the rotation to the inner rod. A jointed gear is characterized in particular by an axial displacement of the teeth flanks that interact with each other.

The transmission of rotational motion to the inner adapter is preferably by means of the outer adapter. In order to transmit the rotational motion of the outer adapter to the inner adapter, the invention prefers that the inner adapter is coupled to the outer adapter by means of a gearbox. Alternatively or additionally, however, the rotational motion of the drive shaft can also be transmitted directly, for example via a gearbox, from the drive shaft to the inner adapter.

According to the invention, it is preferable to provide a spring device with at least one spring element, which is designed as a spring and/or pneumatic spring unit, for the spring bearings of the inner adapter in the outer adapter.

The spring system shall be designed in such a way that it has at least two opposing spring elements, e.g. pressure and/or draw springs, which act in opposite directions, and the opposing separate spring elements effectively repel the opposite axial movements of the inner adapter.

Preferably, an axial conductor is provided between the spring elements to guide the inner adapter axially along the outer adapter.

The vibration at the drive shaft can be produced in a particularly economical way by the fact that the vibration drive comprises rotating masses. The rotating masses each comprise an eccentric weight and are placed in a synchronized rotation so that the unbalanced parts acting radially on the longitudinal axis compensate each other. The axially acting vibration movements are transferred to the drive shaft via a suitable transmission device, for example an axial or pressure bearing. The drive shaft is preferably stored opposite the vibration drive in a rotatable manner.

The rotary drive shaft is preferably axially moveable relative to the drive shaft of the rotary drive shaft. Preferably, the drive shaft is passed through the drive shaft, which is executed as a hollow shaft, and with it rotated over the drive shaft. The main drive shaft can be driven, for example, by a drive shaft driven by a rotary motor.

A compact and protected drive may be provided by incorporating the rotary drive and the vibration drive into a common housing.

The rotary drive is preferably located on the side of the vibration drive facing the adapter device, so that the drive shaft does not have to pass through the vibration drive.

For coupling to the drive shaft, the adapter device preferably includes a flange and/or thread. The adapter device is preferably soluble by means of fasteners attached to the drive shaft. The drive shaft preferably also includes a flange and/or thread. In a preferred embodiment, the drive shaft is equipped with a connecting flange arranged in a ring around the outer circumference of the drive shaft. The adapter device preferably includes a corresponding flange section.

In order to provide vibration or pulse movement independent of the vibration drive at the inlet, it is preferable that the inlet is coupled at its end opposite the adapter device with a pulse drive to produce a pulse movement of a drilling tool. The hydraulically operated pulse drive can independently of the vibration drive produce an axial reverse movement of the rotating drilling tool driven by the pulse drive. This way, depending on the soil condition of the drill step, the pulse drive can be significantly increased. The step drive can have an axially moving up and down hammer.

The rotating and vibrating outer rod is preferably fitted with a ring-shaped drill, which may also be called a ring-crane.

The impact drive, which may be a so-called "hole hammer", is designed in particular to drill the hole by a striking and simultaneously rotating motion. The rotational motion is provided by the rotary drive located outside the hole, while the impact movement is generated by the impact drive located in the hole. The impact drive is preferably located in the immediate vicinity of the inner bore crown, i.e. between the inner bars and the inner bore crown. The impact forces are transferred directly to the inner bore tool, not through the bore crown. The inner bore crown, i.e. the drill tool of the drill bit, is located, ideally, axially opposite the front bore.

A reliable transmission of torque with simultaneous axial relative motion can be achieved in the method of the invention by transferring the rotational motion of the external adapter to the internal adapter via a conveyor gear.

The device and process of the invention offer, inter alia, the following advantages:

The vibration power is almost unlimited only in the outer bars, the inner bars are axially decoupled.

The inner bar can be used, for example, to operate an impeller hammer, which allows a so-called superposition drill, in which the impeller hammer is used to extend the borehole, which is drilled with a drill tool connected to the outer bar.

The device may be equipped with an inlet device for introducing a flush into the borehole, e.g. by means of the vibration drive or the vibration unit from the rear or by means of a side flush head in front of the rotary drive.

The invention is described below by means of a preferred embodiment, which is schematically shown in the accompanying figures:Fig. 1: a longitudinal section through a drive device according to the invention with a double rod attached to it andFig. 2: a cross-sectional view along the line A - A from Fig. 1.

A drive device 10 of the invention comprises a drive device 12 which may also be referred to as a vibration drive and an adapter device 40 to accommodate a double-barrel drill rod 60.

The drive unit 12 shall comprise a rotary drive 20 for the rotary drive of a drive shaft 14 and a vibration unit or a vibration drive 30 for the vibration of the drive shaft 14.

The rotor 20 comprises a motor 22 which drives a drive shaft 24 in rotation, which is engaged in a main shaft 26 executed as a hollow shaft and drives it in rotation. The main shaft 26 is stored in a housing 21 of the rotor 20.

The vibration drive 30 comprises a vibration housing 31 in which rotating waves 34 are stored rotating about axes 33 of rotation. The waves 34 are provided with eccenters 36. The waves 34 with the eccenters 36 make a total of rotating masses 32. The vibration drive 30 or the vibration housing 31 is coupled to the drive shaft 14 via a bearing 38 and transmits axial up and down motion to the drive shaft 14.

The vibration drive 30 together with its vibration housing 31 and the rotary drive 20 are contained in a common housing 18 where the vibration drive 30 is mounted in the housing 18 via elastic elements 39 which are axially movable.

At its end facing the bore 60 of the drive shaft 14 is a disconnect or adapter device 40 to which the outer bar 62 and the inner bar 64 can be connected simultaneously. To connect the adapter device 40 to the drive shaft 14, the drive shaft 14 comprises a flange 15 to which the adapter device 40 can be connected. The adapter device 40 comprises a corresponding connection flange 42.

The outer adapter 46 is connected to the connecting flange 42 by an external adapter 46 to which the outer bar 62 can be connected. The tubular outer adapter 46 has a tubular inner adapter 56 which can also be driven by rotating the drive shaft 14. In the illustrated embodiment, the outer adapter 46 includes a connecting gear 48 which is connected to a corresponding connecting gear 58 of the inner adapter 56. The connection between the outer adapter 46 and the inner adapter 56 can be made as a cone shaft profile.

For the spring storage of the inner adapter 56 in the outer adapter 46 a spring device 43 is provided, comprising two opposing spring elements 44 located on both axial sides of the passenger gear 48, 58.

The spring elements 44 are supported on the one hand by the inner adapter 56 and on the other by a plug 47 of the outer adapter 46. The space in which the springs 44 and the connecting teeth 48, 58 are located is sealed from the surroundings by means of sealing elements 45. The inner adapter 56 can also be stored floating between the springs 44.

The outer bar 62 is fitted with a ring-shaped drill tool 68 at its end facing the borehole base. At its end facing the drive device 12, the inner bar 64 is equipped with a blow-out drive 70. The blow-out drive 70 is attached to the inner bar 64 and includes a blow-out body 72 which is mounted in a sleeve-shaped guide 74 which can be moved axially to exert a blow-out movement on a drill tool 78 of the inner bar 64. The blow-out drive 70 is preferably hydraulically operated and may in particular be a pneumatic pressure-operated deep-hole hammer which hits the borehole crowns of the inlet. In the case of a pneumatic blow-out or air-operated spring hammer, this can be used to remove the inlet.

The operation of a drive train according to the invention is described below:

The vibration unit or vibration drive 30 is moved into an axial vibration motion with respect to the bore axis 6 by bringing the waves 34 into a synchronized rotation with their eccenters 36 so that the imbalances radially acting on the longitudinal axis compensate each other.

The drive motor 22 drives the main shaft 26 of the rotary drive 20 via the 24th pitch.

The rotation and vibration are transmitted directly to the external pipe 62 to be actuated by the external rod adapter 46 which may also be fitted with ejection openings, and thus also to the drill tool 68 or the drill crown 62 of the external pipe.

The torque from the outer bar adapter 46 is also transmitted to the adapter 56 for the inner bar 64 by means of a connecting gear 48.

As the inner adapter 56 is axially located in the front and rear area over the springs 44 against the outer adapter 46, the movement of the vibration is not or only slightly transferred to the inner adapter 56 and thus to the inner bar 64.

The impact drive 70 at the end of the borehole allows the drill tool 78 to be struck by the impact of the inner borehole 64.

The drive device 10 of the invention makes it possible to transfer a rotational motion of a drive to both an external and an internal shaft in a cost-effective and simple manner. The inner shaft is decoupled axially by means of an adapter device so that a vibrational motion produced by the drive 12 is transferred entirely to the external shaft but not or only to a reduced extent to the internal shaft. The internal shaft is axially adjustable in the external shaft. A stroke motion of the drive can be produced by inserting a screw at the productive end of the shaft. The drive device is provided, for example, with a transfer bearing.

Claims (13)

1. Drive device for driving a drill rod (60) having

   - a drive means (12) with a rotary drive (20) and a vibration drive (30) for driving an output shaft (14) in a rotating and axially vibrating manner and

   - an adapter means (40) which is coupled with the output shaft (14) and comprises an outer adapter (46) for connecting an outer rod (62) and an inner adapter (56) for connecting an inner rod (64),

   characterized in that the outer adapter (46) is adapted to transmit the rotational movement and the axially vibrating movement of the output shaft (14) to the outer rod (62) and in that the inner adapter (56) is supported in an axially displaceable and spring-mounted manner in the outer adapter (46).
2. Drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner adapter (56) is coupled via a drive toothing (48, 58) with the outer adapter (46) in order to transmit the rotational movement of the outer adapter (46) to the inner adapter (56).
3. Drive device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for the spring-mounted support of the inner adapter (56) in the outer adapter (46) a spring means (43) having at least one spring element (44) is provided, which is designed as a preload spring and/or as a pneumatic spring unit.
4. Drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spring means (43) has at least two mutually counteracting spring elements (44).
5. Drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the vibration drive (30) comprises rotating masses (32).
6. Drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rotary drive (20) comprises a drive shaft (26) which can be driven in a rotating manner and is coupled via a drive toothing (16, 27) with the output shaft (14).
7. Drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rotary drive (20) and the vibration drive (30) are accommodated in a common housing (18).
8. Drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rotary drive (20) is arranged on the side of the vibration drive (30) facing towards the adapter means (40).
9. Drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the adapter means (40) comprises a flange (42) and/or a thread for coupling with the output shaft (14).
10. Drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at its end lying opposite the adapter means (40) the inner rod (64) is coupled with a percussion drive (70) for generating a percussive movement of a drilling tool (78).
11. Drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that on the outer rod (62) a ring-shaped drilling tool (68) is fixed.
12. Method for operating a drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein

    - a rotating and axially vibrating movement is transmitted by means of a drive means (12) to an output shaft (14),

    - the rotating and axially vibrating movement of the output shaft (14) is transmitted to an outer adapter (46) which is coupled with an outer rod (62),

    - the rotational movement of the outer adapter (46) and/or the output shaft is transmitted to an inner adapter (56) which is coupled with an inner rod (64), and

    - the inner adapter (56) is supported in an axially displaceable and spring-mounted manner in the outer adapter (46).
13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the rotational movement of the outer adapter (46) is transmitted via a drive toothing (48) to the inner adapter (56).