HK1192156B - Topical skin care formulations comprising jaboticaba and cashew fruit pulps and extracts thereof - Google Patents

Description

Topical skin care formulations comprising jaboticaba and cashew fruit pulps and extracts thereof

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application No.61/381,677 filed on 9/10/2010. The contents of the related applications are incorporated by reference.

Background

A. Field of the invention

The present invention relates generally to compositions comprising jaboticaba and/or cashew fruit (cashew) pulp or extracts thereof. The composition can be formulated into topical skin compositions, edible compositions, injectable compositions, oral compositions, hair care compositions, and the like.

B. Description of the related Art

Aging, chronic exposure to adverse environmental factors, malnutrition, fatigue, and the like can alter the appearance, physical attributes, or physiology of skin in a manner that is visually considered undesirable. The most notable and obvious changes include the creation of fine lines and wrinkles, loss of elasticity, increased sagging, loss of firmness, loss of skin tone uniformity or tone, rough surface texture, and mottled pigmentation. Less obvious but measurable changes that occur as skin ages or suffers from chronic environmental damage include an overall decrease in cell and tissue viability, a decrease in cell replication rates, decreased skin blood flow, decreased water content, cumulative structural and functional errors, changes in normal regulation of common biochemical pathways, and a decrease in the ability of the skin to self-remodel and repair. Many changes in the appearance and function of skin are caused by changes in the outer epidermal layer of the skin, while other changes are caused by changes in the underlying dermis.

Previous attempts to improve the appearance of skin using known skin active ingredients have been shown to have various drawbacks, such as causing erythema (e.g., redness of the skin).

Summary of The Invention

The present invention provides an effective alternative to existing skin treatment compositions. The compositions of the present invention have the dual effect of treating skin conditions while also reducing or preventing erythema caused by the particular composition applied to the skin. In this regard, the compositions of the present invention can treat skin without the various drawbacks seen in prior art compositions.

In one non-limiting aspect of the invention, a topical skin care composition is provided comprising an effective amount of jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof that enhance hyaluronic acid synthesis and inhibit COX-1 and TNF-alpha synthesis in the skin during use; and a dermatologically acceptable carrier. The dermatologically acceptable carrier may comprise 25% to 35% by weight water, at least 35% by weight of a silicone phase comprising cyclopentasiloxane, silicone-11, PEG-10 dimethicone, and 3% to 7% by weight silica. The dermatologically acceptable carrier may further comprise 3% to 5% by weight of glycerin, 1 to 3% by weight of pentylene glycol, and 1% to 3% by weight of caprylic/capric triglyceride. In another aspect, the dermatologically acceptable carrier may comprise 60% to 70% by weight water, 5% to 10% by weight alcohol, 5% to 10% by weight dipropylene glycol, 1% to 5% by weight methyl glucose ether-20, 1% to 5% by weight biosugar gum, 1% to 5% by weight glycerin, and 1% to 5% by weight dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer. One of the unique aspects of these two types of dermatologically acceptable carriers is that they surprisingly have excellent tactile properties/are cosmetically elegant, safe for use on the skin, and provide an environment that allows the jaboticaba and/or cashew fruit extract to remain stable and effective while also allowing the extract to be effectively distributed through the skin once the composition is topically applied to the skin. For this reason (effective distribution), a minimum amount of these extracts is required in the composition to achieve the desired result (e.g., as little as 0.01% by weight of each extract may be used, more desirably in the range of 0.01% to 1%, while a wider range, such as 0.01% to 20%, 0.1% to 10% by weight or 0.5% to 5% by weight of jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp may also be used, if desired). The topical skin care composition may be a lotion, cream, serum, or emulsion. When added to the composition, the jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp can be in powder form. In particular aspects, the composition does not include any other parts of the jaboticaba and/or cashew plants (e.g., nuts, bark, leaves, etc.) or any other extracts thereof, and does not include jaboticaba oil and/or cashew oil. In particular aspects, the composition does not include hyaluronic acid, a carboxymethylcysteamine compound, and/or a rosehip (rosehip) extract. In addition, the composition may be used in a method of treating a skin condition comprising topically applying the composition to skin in need thereof, wherein the composition increases hyaluronic acid synthesis and inhibits COX-1 and TNF-alpha synthesis in the skin. The composition may be applied to fine line or surrounding or erythematous skin.

In addition to the above paragraphs, a number of different uses are contemplated. For example, in one non-limiting aspect of the invention, a method of treating a skin condition is disclosed comprising topically applying to skin in need thereof a composition comprising jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.), wherein the composition increases hyaluronic acid synthesis and inhibits COX-1 and TNF- α synthesis in the skin. The compositions may be used for various skin conditions that may be treated or prevented by increasing hyaluronic acid synthesis in the skin, inhibiting or decreasing COX-1 activity and/or inhibiting or decreasing TNF-alpha activity. In one aspect, the composition may be applied to fine lines or wrinkles, erythemic skin, or inflamed skin. The compositions may also be used to treat or prevent other skin diseases and conditions disclosed in this specification. In particular aspects, the composition can include from 0.0001% to 20% by weight of jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp, or extracts thereof. In other instances, the composition may include 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1,2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55,56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 88, 86, 85, 91, 97, 99, or more fruit tree flesh (or fruit flesh) or a whole fruit tree flesh or more, or an extract thereof. The composition may be formulated into a lotion, cream, gel, serum, emulsion, anhydrous product, or powder form. In particular embodiments, the jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof are dried or freeze-dried. In particular instances, the composition does not include hyaluronic acid, does not include any other plant material or extract thereof, does not include any other part of the jaboticaba and cashew plants or any other extract of the jaboticaba and cashew trees, does not include the carboxymethylcysteamine compound, does not include the rose-hip extract, does not include jaboticaba oil, does not include cashew nut oil, and/or does not include cashew nuts or extracts thereof. The composition may further comprise a humectant, a silicone-containing compound, a UV absorber, a structurant, a viscosity modifier, an emulsifier or surfactant, a vitamin, a mineral, and/or any other ingredient known to those skilled in the art and disclosed in this specification. Non-limiting examples of skin conditions include dry skin, scaly skin, chapped skin, itchiness, spider veins, freckles, age spots, senile purpura, keratosis, chloasma, pimples, nodules, sun damaged skin, dermatitis (including, but not limited to, seborrheic dermatitis, nummular dermatitis, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, exfoliative dermatitis, perioral dermatitis, and stasis dermatitis), psoriasis, folliculitis, rosacea, acne, impetigo, erysipelas, erythrasma, eczema, sunburn, burned skin, open wounds, skin inflammatory skin conditions, and the like. In particular non-limiting aspects, the skin condition is caused by exposure to UV light, age, radiation, chronic sun exposure, environmental pollution, air pollution, wind, cold, heat, chemicals, disease pathology, smoking, or lack of nutrition. The skin may be facial skin or non-facial skin (e.g., arms, legs, hands, chest, back, feet, etc.). The method may further comprise identifying a person in need of skin treatment. The person may be male or female. The age of a person may be at least 1,2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 years of age, or greater, or any range derivable therein.

In another embodiment, a topical skin care composition is disclosed comprising: an effective amount of jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.) that increase hyaluronic acid synthesis in the skin during use and inhibit COX-1 and TNF- α synthesis; and a dermatologically acceptable carrier. The topical skin care composition can include from 0.0001% to 20% by weight of jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or from 0.0001% to 20% by weight of cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof. In other instances, the composition may include 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1,2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55,56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 88, 86, 85, 91, 97, 99, or more fruit tree flesh (or fruit flesh) or a whole fruit tree flesh or more, or an extract thereof. The composition may be formulated into a lotion, cream, gel, serum, emulsion, anhydrous product, or powder form. In particular embodiments, the jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof are dried or freeze-dried. In particular instances, the composition does not include hyaluronic acid, does not include any other plant material or extract thereof, does not include any other part of the jaboticaba and cashew plants or any other extract of the jaboticaba and cashew trees, does not include the carboxymethylcysteamine compound, does not include the rose-hip extract, does not include jaboticaba oil, does not include cashew nut oil, and/or does not include cashew nuts or extracts thereof. The composition may further comprise a humectant, a silicone-containing compound, a UV absorber, a structurant, a viscosity modifier, an emulsifier or surfactant, a vitamin, a mineral, and/or any other ingredient known to those skilled in the art and disclosed in this specification. In particular instances, the composition can include 1,2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55,56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, or 99% by weight water.

In one particular aspect, a method of treating or preventing fine lines or wrinkles is disclosed that includes topically applying a composition comprising jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.) to skin in need thereof, wherein topical application of the composition to fine lines or wrinkles treats the fine lines or wrinkles.

In another embodiment, a method of treating or preventing erythemic skin or a condition associated with erythemic skin (e.g., red skin, reddish skin, etc.) is disclosed comprising topically applying to skin in need thereof a composition comprising jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.), wherein topical application of the composition to erythemic skin treats the erythemic skin. Erythema may be due to skin irritation, inflammatory responses, sunburn, galvanic skin treatment, skin burns, contact allergies, systemic allergies, skin poisoning, exercise, insect bites, bacterial infections, viral infections, fungal infections, protozoal infections, massage, wind and other factors that may cause redness or blushing of the skin. The compositions disclosed above and throughout the specification may be used. The compositions can also be used to reduce pain associated with erythema, sensitive skin, or inflamed skin, comprising topically applying a composition comprising jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof to the erythema, sensitive, or inflamed skin.

Also disclosed is a method of firming or toning skin comprising topically applying a composition comprising jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.) to skin in need thereof, wherein topical application of the composition to skin firms or blends the skin. The compositions disclosed above and throughout the specification may be used.

In still further embodiments, a digestible composition is disclosed comprising jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.) and a digestible acceptable carrier. In particular aspects, the digestible composition may be a food-based product, a pill, a capsule, a powder, or a nutraceutical (neutraceutical) product.

Other embodiments include injectable solutions comprising jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.) and an injectable acceptable solution. Injectable acceptable solutions include solutions that can be safely injected into humans or animals.

One embodiment relates to a method of treating or preventing a disease comprising administering jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.) to a human in need thereof, wherein the disease is treated or prevented. Non-limiting examples of diseases include AIDS, autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, diabetes-insulin dependent and independent, systemic lupus erythematosus or Graves' disease), cancer (e.g., malignant, benign, metastatic or precancerous), cardiovascular diseases (e.g., heart or coronary artery disease, stroke-ischemic and hemorrhagic, or rheumatic heart disease), diseases of the nervous system, and infections with pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., beriberi, chicken pox, cold, diarrheal diseases, influenza, genital herpes, malaria, meningitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, skin diseases, septic pharyngolaryngitis, tuberculosis, urinary tract infections, vaginal infections or viral hepatitis), inflammation (e.g., allergy or asthma), prion diseases (e.g., CJD, kuru, GSS or FFI), or obesity.

A further embodiment includes a method of treating or preventing hair loss comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a composition comprising jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.). The compositions may include a pharmaceutically (whether topical, oral, injectable, etc.) or dermatologically acceptable carrier, wherein administration to a patient in need thereof prevents or treats hair loss. Preventing or treating hair loss may include stimulating hair growth on the scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, or other body parts in need of hair growth. The composition may be in the form of an edible pill or gel cap or a liquid or powder or foam or spray or mist. The composition may be administered topically, ingested, injected, etc.

Further, a composition comprising jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.) is disclosed. The composition may be formulated as a topical skin or hair care composition. The composition may be a cosmetic composition. The composition may be an edible composition. The composition may be an injectable composition. The composition may be in the form of a pill, gel capsule, spray, foam, or be aerosolized. The compositions can be formulated as emulsions (e.g., oil-in-water, water-in-oil, silicone-in-water, water-in-silicone, water-in-oil-in-water, oil-in-water-in-oil, oil-in-water-in-silicone, etc.), creams, lotions, solutions (e.g., aqueous or hydro-alcoholic solutions), anhydrous bases (e.g., lipsticks or powders), gels, ointments, milks, pastes, aerosols, solid forms, eye gels, and the like. The composition may also be formulated for at least 1,2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7 or more topical skin applications per day during use. In other aspects of the invention, the composition may be storage stable or color stable, or both. It is also contemplated that the viscosity of the composition can be selected to achieve a desired effect, for example, the viscosity of the composition can be from about 1cps to well in excess of 1 million cps, or any range or integer derivable therein (e.g., 2cps, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000, 9000, 10000, 20000, 30000, 40000, 50000, 60000, 70000, 80000, 90000, 100000, 200000, 300000, 400000, 500000, 600000, 700000, 800000, 900000, 1000000cps, etc., as measured on a Brookfield viscometer using a TC spindle at 25 ℃,2.5 rpm), depending on the type of composition desired. The compositions of the present invention may include any desired amount of jaboticaba or cashew extracts or both. The content of the extract can be 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1,2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, alone or in combination, 45. 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55,56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 6, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, or 99%, or more (or any range or integer therein) weight or volume of the extract or combination of extracts. In a non-limiting aspect, the composition can have a pH of about 6 to about 9. In other aspects, the pH can be 1,2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, or 14. The composition may include triglycerides. Non-limiting examples include short, medium and long chain triglycerides. In a particular aspect, the triglyceride is a medium chain triglyceride (e.g., caprylic capric triglyceride). The composition may also include a preservative. Non-limiting examples of preservatives include methyl paraben, propyl paraben, or a mixture of methyl paraben and propyl paraben. The compositions of the present invention may have UVA and UVB absorption characteristics. The composition may have a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60 or more, or any integer or derivative thereof. The composition may be a sunscreen lotion, spray or cream.

In one aspect of the invention, a topical skin care composition is disclosed that includes jaboticaba fruit pulp and/or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof (e.g., aqueous extracts of the pulp, alcohol extracts of the pulp, oil extracts of the pulp, aqueous/alcohol extracts of the pulp, glycolic extracts of the pulp, etc.) in combination with any one, any combination, or all of the following other ingredients: water, chelating agents, humectants, preservatives, thickeners, silicone containing compounds, essential oils, structurants, vitamins, pharmaceutical ingredients, or antioxidants, or any combination of these ingredients or mixtures of these ingredients. In particular aspects, the composition can include at least two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or all of these additional ingredients identified in the preceding sentence. Non-limiting examples of these other ingredients are identified throughout the specification and are incorporated in this section by reference. These ingredients may be present in an amount of from 0.0001% to 99.9% by weight or volume of the composition, or any integer or range therein, as disclosed elsewhere in this specification, which is incorporated by reference into this paragraph.

Also disclosed is a method of lightening the skin or evening the skin color comprising applying to the skin a composition of the present invention. The method may further comprise identifying a person in need of lightening the skin or evening the skin color. The method may further comprise inhibiting melanogenesis in the skin cells, inhibiting tyrosinase or tyrosinase synthesis in the skin cells, or inhibiting transfer of melanin in the skin cells to keratinocytes. The composition can be used as alpha melanin stimulating hormone antagonist. The composition can precipitate (evenout) pigmentation of the skin. In a non-limiting aspect, lightening skin can include reducing the appearance of age spots, skin discoloration, freckles, sunburn, hyperpigmented skin, and the like by topically applying the composition to the age spots, skin discoloration, freckles, sunburn, hyperpigmented skin, and the like.

Also disclosed is a method of treating hyperpigmentation comprising applying the composition of the present invention to the skin. The method can further comprise identifying a person in need of treatment for hyperpigmentation and applying the composition to a portion of the skin exhibiting hyperpigmentation. Other methods contemplated by the inventors include reducing age spots, skin discoloration or freckles, reducing or preventing the appearance of fine lines or wrinkles of the skin, or increasing the firmness of the skin by applying the compositions of the present invention to skin in need of such treatment.

Also relates to a kit comprising the composition of the invention. In a particular embodiment, the composition is contained in a container. The container may be a bottle, a dispenser or a package. The container may dispense a predetermined amount of the composition. In particular aspects, the composition is dispensed as a spray, a bolus, or a liquid. The container may include indicia on its surface. The indicia may be words, abbreviations, pictures or symbols.

Also relates to products comprising the composition of the invention. In a non-limiting aspect, the product can be a cosmetic product. The cosmetic products may be those described elsewhere in this specification or known to those skilled in the art. Non-limiting examples of products include moisturizers, creams, lotions, skin softeners, foundations, night creams, lipsticks, cleansers, toners, sunscreens, masks, anti-aging products, deodorants, antiperspirants, perfumes, colognes and the like.

It is also contemplated that the compositions of the present invention can be included in food-based products (e.g., beverages, fortified water, energy drinks, nutritional drinks, solid foods, vitamins, supplements, etc.) and pharmaceutical products (e.g., pills, injections, medications, etc.). "supplements" may include vitamins, minerals, herbs or other botanicals, amino acids, enzymes, and metabolites. Such supplements are suitable for oral consumption and may be administered orally.

It is contemplated that any of the embodiments discussed in this specification can be implemented with respect to any of the methods or compositions of the present invention, and vice versa. Furthermore, the compositions of the present invention may be used to carry out the methods of the present invention.

In one embodiment, the topical skin compositions of the present invention are pharmaceutically elegant. "dermatologically" or "pharmaceutically elegant" describe compositions having particular tactile characteristics that are pleasing to the skin (e.g., less watery or greasy compositions, compositions having a silky texture, non-sticky or tacky compositions, etc.). Dermatologically or pharmaceutically elegant may also relate to the creamy or slippery properties of the composition or to the moisturizing properties of the composition.

"keratinous tissue" includes keratin-containing layers that are the outermost protective coverings for mammals, and includes, but is not limited to, skin, hair, and nails.

By "topical application" is meant that the composition is applied or smeared onto the surface of keratinous tissue. "topical skin compositions" include compositions suitable for topical application to keratinous tissue. Such compositions are generally dermatologically acceptable in that they do not have undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, allergic response, and the like when applied to the skin. The topical skin care compositions of the present invention can have a viscosity selected to avoid significant dripping or clumping upon application to the skin.

As understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the term "about" or "approximately" is defined as close to, and in one non-limiting embodiment, the term is defined to be within 10%, preferably within 5%, more preferably within 1%, and most preferably within 0.5%.

The terms "inhibit" or "reduce," or any variation of these terms, as used in the claims and/or the specification, includes any measurable reduction or complete inhibition to achieve a desired result.

The term "effective" as used in the specification and/or claims means appropriate to achieve a desired, expected, or intended result.

The use of the terms "a" or "an" when used in conjunction with the term "comprising" in the claims and/or the specification means "one" but also is consistent with the meaning "one or more," at least one, "and" one or more than one.

The words "comprising" (and any form of comprising, such as "comprises" and "comprises"), "having" (and any form of having, such as "has" and "has"), "including" (and any form of including, such as "includes" and "has"), "and any form of including, such as" includes "and" includes "or" contains "(and any form of containing, such as" contains "and" contains ") are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, unrecited elements or process steps.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and the examples, while indicating specific embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only. In addition, it is contemplated that variations and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the detailed description.

Description of illustrative embodiments

The inventors have discovered that the combination of jaboticaba fruit pulp and cashew fruit pulp can inhibit COX-1 and TNF-alpha activity in skin cells while also increasing hyaluronic acid synthesis in the cells. As demonstrated by applicants' data in example 1, this combination acts synergistically to inhibit TNF- α activity and increase hyaluronic acid synthesis, while also providing a means to inhibit COX-1 activity. In addition, specific dermatological carriers may be used to stably and effectively distribute the extract to the skin while also providing a pleasant composition to the user.

TNF- α or tumor necrosis growth factor α is a pleiotropic proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cells including adipocytes, activated monocytes, macrophages, B cells, T cells, fibroblasts, and primary human keratinocytes. It belongs to the TNF family of ligands and signals through the two receptors TNFR1 and TNFR 2. TNF- α plays a role in inducing inflammatory responses in the skin, which may be caused by internal or external factors (e.g., skin inflammation, rash, allergic reactions, sunburn, UV irradiation, cuts, abrasions, lacerations, cleansers, psoriasis, wind damage, etc. caused by cosmetic compositions). Inhibiting TNF- α production in the skin can prevent or reduce the inflammatory response of the skin, which can then help reduce symptoms associated with erythemic skin, skin damage, sensitive skin, inflamed skin, stress, and the like.

COX-1 or cyclooxygenase-1 are enzymes that can help form biological mediators called prostanoids (e.g., prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and thromboxanes) in cells, including skin cells. Inhibition of COX-1 may reduce inflammation (e.g., in the skin), which may help reduce symptoms associated with erythemal skin, skin damage, sensitive skin, inflamed skin, stress, and the like.

Hyaluronic acid or hyaluronan is a component of connective tissue. Can be used to cushion and lubricate joints, eyes, skin and heart valves. Hyaluronan is also a major component of skin, where it is often involved in tissue repair. In addition to skin repair, the molecules may act as skin moisturizers and hydrating agents, may smooth fine lines and wrinkles, and may provide elasticity to the skin. As it ages, the level of hyaluronan produced in the skin decreases, which results in loss of skin moisture and hydration, loss of skin elasticity, loss of collagen production, and increased appearance or formation of fine lines and wrinkles. By increasing the production of hyaluronan in the skin, the skin can maintain a youthful, soft and smooth appearance, or can turn aged skin to have a younger, soft and smooth appearance. In summary, hyaluronan can hydrate skin, moisturize skin, increase skin elasticity, and/or reduce the appearance of fine lines or wrinkles as a prophylactic agent against the appearance of skin aging or as a therapeutic agent.

These and other non-limiting aspects of the invention are described in further detail below.

A. Plant and method for producing the same

Jaboticaba, also known as jaboticaba (myrciaria aurantiflora) or brazil grapevine, is native to the fruit-bearing trees of argentina, brazil and yerba mate. The fruit has a purplish black peel with white flesh. Can be eaten raw or used for preparing jelly and raw juice or wine. The inventors have found that the flesh portion of jaboticaba has the ability to inhibit COX-1 and TNF-alpha in skin cells while also increasing the synthesis of hyaluronic acid in these cells.

Cashew trees, also known as cashew nuts (anacardium occidentale), are trees in the family of the flowering plant anacardiaceae. The plant is native to northeastern brazil. Currently, cashew nuts are widely planted in tropical climatic regions for obtaining cashew nuts. In addition to nuts, cashew trees also produce pear-shaped fruits, which are produced from the receptacle of cashew flowers. The fruit is often referred to as a "cashew nut fruit" or "cashew apple" fruit, which ripens into yellow and/or red structures about 5-11cm long. The pulp of cashew fruit is relatively juicy. The inventors have found that cashew fruit pulp has the ability to inhibit TNF- α in skin cells while also increasing the synthesis of hyaluronic acid in these cells.

Jaboticaba fruit and cashew fruit are commercially available from LabCat, the international division of laboratorio catarine (brazil). Furthermore, one of ordinary skill in the art can obtain jaboticaba or cashew fruit pulp, respectively, by mechanical separation of the pulp from the rest of the plant.

In one non-limiting example, the pulp can be placed directly into the composition of the present invention. Alternatively, it may be further processed, e.g., by forming a puree, which is then processed to be substantially free of impurities or unwanted solids. The puree may then be poured into a shallow container and rapidly exposed to low temperatures, i.e. flash freezing, e.g. at-20 ℃ or lower, preferably under vacuum, for removing the water content (freeze drying). The resulting pulp is then used in the composition of the invention.

In other aspects, the jaboticaba and cashew fruit pulps can be subjected to water, alcohol, water/alcohol, or oil based extraction techniques, or combinations thereof. Such extracts may then be used in the compositions of the present invention. Extraction techniques such as those mentioned are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, such methods include maceration, infusion, percolation, digestion, decoction, continuous heat extraction, aqueous-alcoholic extraction, counter-current extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasonic extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, phytonic extraction (e.g., using hydro-fluoro-carbon solvents), and the like.

B. Dermatologically acceptable carrier

As described in the summary section of the invention, some unique aspects of the disclosed dermatologically acceptable carriers are that they have excellent tactile properties/are cosmetically elegant, safe for use on the skin, and provide an environment that allows the jaboticaba and/or cashew fruit extracts to remain stable and effective. The carrier also allows the extract to be effectively distributed through the skin once the composition is topically applied to the skin. This effective distribution allows the use of minimal amounts of jaboticaba and cashew fruit pulp extracts to achieve the desired skin-related benefits. In one embodiment, the carrier comprises 25% to 35% by weight water, at least 35% by weight of a silicone phase comprising cyclopentasiloxane, silicone-11, PEG-10 dimethicone, and 3% to 7% by weight silica, 3% to 5% by weight glycerin, 1 to 3% by weight pentanediol, and 1% to 3% by weight caprylic/capric triglyceride. In another aspect, the dermatologically acceptable carrier may comprise 60% to 70% by weight water, 5% to 10% by weight alcohol, 5% to 10% by weight dipropylene glycol, 1% to 5% by weight methyl glucose ether-20, 1% to 5% by weight biosugar gum, 1% to 5% by weight glycerin, and 1% to 5% by weight dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer.

C. Compositions of the invention

1. Composition and content of ingredients

It is contemplated that the compositions of the present invention can include jaboticaba fruit pulp, cashew fruit pulp, or combinations thereof, or extracts thereof. The composition may also include other ingredients described throughout this specification. The concentration of these pulp and/or other ingredients may vary. In non-limiting embodiments, for example, the composition can include, in its final form, for example, at least about 0.0001%,0.0002%,0.0003%,0.0004%,0.0005%,0.0006%,0.0007%,0.0008%,0.0009%,0.0010%,0.0011%,0.0012%,0.0013%,0.0014%,0.0015%,0.0016%,0.0017%,0.0018%,0.0019%,0.0020%,0.0021%,0.0022%,0.0023%,0.0024%,0.0025%,0.0026%,0.0027%,0.0028%,0.0029%,0.0030%,0.0031%,0.0032%,0.0033%, 0.0035%,0.0036%, 0.0030057%, 0.0038%, 0.0030.0030%, 0060.0030%, 0060.0040%, 0060.0070%, 0060.0040%, 0060.0045%, 0060%, 0060.0040%, 0060%, 0060.0034%, 0060%, 0060.0040%, 0060%, 0060.0045%, 0060%, 0060.0040%, 3%, 0.0040%, 3%, 0%, 0060.0034%, 0.0040%, 3%, 0060%, 3%, 0060.0040%, 0060.0040.0040%, 3%, 0060.0040%, 3%, 0060.0040.0034%, 3, 0.0075%,0.0076%,0.0077%,0.0078%,0.0079%,0.0080%,0.0081%,0.0082%,0.0083%,0.0084%,0.0085%,0.0086%,0.0087%,0.0088%,0.0089%,0.0090%,0.0091%,0.0092%,0.0093%,0.0094%,0.0095%,0.0096%,0.0097%,0.0098%,0.00 0.0099%,0.0100%,0.0200%,0.0250%,0.0275%,0.0300%,0.0325%,0.0350%,0.0375%,0.0400%,0.0425%,0.0450%,0.0475%,0.0500%,0.0525%, 0.0550.0550%, 0.05575%, 0.0600%, 062%, 6850.0070%, 15%, 0.15%, 15%, 1000%, 15.0750%, 75%, 1000%, 9%, 75%, 19.0.9%, 3%, 75%, 3.9%, 75%, 9%, 3.75%, 0.9%, 0.75%, 3%, 75%, 9%, 0.75%, 0.9%, 0.75%, 3%, 75%, 9%, 3%, 9%, 0.75%, 3.75%, 75%, 9%, 0.75%, 75%, 0.75%, 9%, 0.75%, 75%, 9%, 0.75%, 3%, 0.75%, 75%, 3.75%, 75%, 3%, 75%, 0.8250%,0.8500%,0.8750%,0.9000%,0.9250%,0.9500%,0.9750%,1.0%,1.1%,1.2%,1.3%,1.4%,1.5%,1.6%,1.7%,1.8%,1.9%,2.0%,2.1%,2.2%,2.3%,2.4%,2.5%,2.6%,2.7%,2.8%,2.9%,3.0%,3.1%,3.2%,3.3%,3.4%,3.5%,3.6%,3.7%,3.8%,3.9%,4.0%,4.1%,4.2%,4.3%,4.4%,4.5%,4.6%,4.7%,4.8%,4.9%,5.0%,5.1%,5.2%,5.3%, 5.5.5%, 5.6%, 5.7.8%, 7.8%, 6.7%,6.8%, 6%, 7.8%, 6.7%,6.8%, 7.8%, 6%, 7.8%, 6.8%, 7%, 6%, 7.8%, 6%, 7%,6.8%, 7%, 6%, 7.8%, 6%, 7%, 6%, 7.8%, 6%, 7%, 6%, 7.8%, 6%, 7.8%, 7%, 6%, 7%, 6%,7, 8.9%,9.0%,9.1%,9.2%,9.3%,9.4%,9.5%,9.6%,9.7%,9.8%,9.9%,10%,11%,12%,13%,14%,15%,16%,17%,18%,19%,20%,21%,22%,23%,24%,25%,26%,27%,28%,29%,30%,35%,40%,45%,50%,60%,65%,70%,75%,80%,85%,90%,95% or 99%, or more, or any range or integer derivable therein, or any combination thereof, or other ingredient. In a non-limiting aspect, the percentages of these ingredients can be calculated by weight or volume of the total weight of the composition. The concentration may vary depending on the desired effect of the composition or the product in which the composition is to be incorporated

2. Composition carrier

The compositions of the present invention may be formulated into all types of carriers. Non-limiting examples of suitable carriers include emulsions (e.g., oil-in-water, water-in-oil, silicone-in-water, water-in-silicone, water-in-oil-in-water, oil-in-water-in-oil, oil-in-water-in-silicone, etc.), creams, lotions, solutions (e.g., aqueous or hydro-alcoholic solutions), anhydrous bases (e.g., lipstick or powders), gels, ointments, pastes, milk, liquids, aerosols, solid forms, or eye gels. Variations and other suitable vectors will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are suitable for use in the present invention. In particular aspects, the concentrations and combinations of ingredients can be selected such that the combination is chemically compatible and does not form complexes that precipitate out of the final product.

It is also contemplated that the plant extracts and other ingredients identified in this specification can be encapsulated for delivery to a target area, such as skin. Non-limiting examples of encapsulation techniques include the use of liposomes, carriers, and/or nanoparticles (e.g., biodegradable and non-biodegradable colloidal particles comprising polymeric materials in which components-examples include nanospheres and nanocapsules-are enclosed, encapsulated, and/or absorbed) that can be used as delivery carriers to deliver these components to the skin (see, e.g., U.S. patent 6,387.398; U.S. patent 6,203,802; U.S. patent 5,411,744; Kreuter 1988).

Pharmaceutically acceptable or pharmacologically acceptable compositions are also contemplated. The phrase "pharmaceutically acceptable" or "pharmacologically acceptable" includes compositions that do not produce an allergic or similar untoward reaction when administered to a human. Typically, such compositions are prepared as topical compositions, liquid solutions or suspensions, and may also be prepared in solid form suitable for dissolution or suspension in a liquid prior to use. The route of administration may vary depending on the location and nature of the condition to be treated and includes, for example, topical, inhalation, intradermal, transdermal, parenteral, intravenous, intramuscular, intranasal, subcutaneous, transdermal, intratracheal, intraperitoneal, intratumoral, infusion, lavage, direct injection (e.g., injection), and oral administration and formulation (e.g., tablet, capsule, etc.).

3. Product(s)

The compositions of the present invention may be incorporated into products. Non-limiting examples of products include cosmetics, food-based products (e.g., fortified water, energy drinks, nutritional drinks, vitamins, supplements, solid foods), pharmaceuticals, and the like. By way of example only, non-limiting cosmetics include sun products, sunless skin tanning products, hair products (e.g., shampoos, conditioners, colorants, hair dyes, bleaches, straighteners, and perms), nail products, moisturizers, skin creams and lotions, emollients, day creams, gels, ointments, foundations, night creams, lipsticks, and lip colors, cleansers, lotions, masks, deodorants, antiperspirants, exfoliating compositions, shaving-related products (e.g., creams, "shave creams" (and after shave), wet wipes and dishcloths, suntan lotions, bath products (e.g., oils), foot care products (e.g., powders and sprays), skin colorants and cosmetics (e.g., foundations, blushes, lipsticks, eye shadows and eyeliners, lip colors, and mascara), baby products (e.g., baby lotions, oils, shampoos, powders, and wet wipes), and skin or facial exfoliating products. In addition, the cosmetic may be formulated as leave-on or flushable products.

4. Other ingredients

The compositions of the present invention may include other ingredients. Non-limiting examples of other ingredients include cosmetic ingredients (active and inactive) and pharmaceutical ingredients (active and inactive).

a. Cosmetic composition

The ctfa international cosmetic ingredient dictionary handbook (2008), 12 th edition, describes a variety of non-limiting cosmetic ingredients that may be used in the context of the present invention. Examples of these composition classes include: fragrances (artificial and natural), dyes and color components (e.g., blue 1, lake blue 1, red 40, titanium dioxide, D & C blue No.4, D & C green No.5, D & C orange No.4, D & C red No.17, D & C red No.33, D & C violet No.2, D & C yellow No.10, and D & C yellow No. 11), adsorbents, emulsifiers, stabilizers, lubricants, solvents, moisturizers (including, for example, emollients, humectants, film formers, occlusive agents, and agents that effect the natural moisturizing mechanism of the skin), waterproofing agents, UV absorbers (physical and chemical absorbers, such as para-aminobenzoic acid ("PABA") and corresponding PABA derivatives, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and the like), essential oils, vitamins (e.g., A, B, C, D, E and K), trace metals (e.g., zinc, calcium, and selenium), anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., steroids and non-steroid antioxidants), plant extracts (e.g., aloe vera, chamomile, cucumber extract, ginkgo biloba, ginseng and rosemary), antimicrobial agents, antioxidants (e.g., BHT and tocopherol), chelating agents (e.g., disodium EDTA and tetrasodium EDTA), preservatives (e.g., methyl paraben and propyl paraben), pH adjusters (e.g., sodium hydroxide and citric acid), absorbents (e.g., aluminum starch octenyl succinate, kaolin, corn starch, oat starch, cyclodextrin, talc and zeolite), skin bleaching and lightening agents (e.g., hydroquinone and niacinamide lactate), humectants (e.g., glycerin, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, sorbitol, urea and mannitol), emollients (e.g., alpha-and beta-hydroxy acids such as lactic acid, glycolic acid and salicylic acid; and salts thereof), waterproofing agents (e.g., magnesium hydroxide/aluminum stearate), skin conditioning agents (e.g., aloe vera extract, allantoin, bisabolol, ceramide, dimethicone, hyaluronic acid, and dipotassium glycyrrhizinate), thickening agents (e.g., substances that can increase the viscosity of the composition, such as carboxylic acid polymers, cross-linked polyacrylate polymers, polyacrylamide polymers, polysaccharides, and gums), and silicone-containing compounds (e.g., silicone oils and silicones). Some specific non-limiting examples of other ingredients that may be used with the compositions of the present invention are provided below.

i. Sunscreen agent

UV absorbers that may be used in conjunction with the compositions of the present invention include chemical and physical sunscreens. Non-limiting examples of chemical sunscreens that may be used include p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), PABA esters (glyceryl PABA, amyl dimethyl PABA and octyl dimethyl PABA), butyl PABA, ethyl dihydroxypropyl PABA, benzophenones (oxybenzone, sulindac, benzophenone and benzophenone-1 to 12), cinnamates (octyl methoxycinnamate, isoamyl p-methoxycinnamate, octyl methoxycinnamate, cinoxate, diisopropyl methyl cinnamate, DEA-methoxycinnamate, ethyl diisopropyl cinnamate, glyceryl iodobenzonitrile octanoate, dimethoxy cinnamate and ethyl methoxycinnamate), cinnamates, salicylates (methyl homosalicylate, benzyl salicylate, glyceryl salicylate, isopropyl salicylate, etc.), anthranilates, Ethyl urocanite, homosalate, octocrylene, dibenzoylmethane derivatives (e.g., avobenzone), octocrylene, octyltriazone, digallacyl trioleate, glyceryl aminobenzoate, lawsone containing dihydroxyacetone, ethylhexyl triazone, dioctylbutylaminotriazinone, phenylmethylene malonate polysiloxane, p-xylylene dicamphor sulfonic acid, disodium phenylbisbenzimidazole tetrasulfonate, diethylaminohydroxybenzoylhexyl benzoate, bis-diethylaminohydroxybenzoyl benzoate, bis-benzoxazole phenylethylhexyl imino triazine, cresolquzuril trisiloxane, methylenebis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol and bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine, 4-methylphenylidenecamphor, and isopentyl 4-methoxycinnamate. Non-limiting examples of physical sunscreens include kaolin, talc, petrolatum, and metal oxides (e.g., titanium dioxide and zinc oxide). The compositions of the present invention may have UVA and UVB absorption characteristics. The composition may have a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 2, 3, 4, 56, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 80, 90 or more, or any integer or derivative thereof.

ii. a humectant

Non-limiting examples of humectants that can be used with the compositions of the invention include amino acids, chondroitin sulfate, diglycerin, erythritol, fructose, glucose, glycerol polymers, glycols, 1,2,6, -hexanetriol, honey, hyaluronic acid, hydrogenated honey, hydrogenated starch hydrolysates, inositol, lactitol, maltitol, maltose, mannitol, natural moisturizing factor, PEG-15 butanediol, polyglycerol sorbitol, pyrrolidone carboxylates, potassium PCA, propylene glycol, sodium glucuronate, sodium PCA, sorbitol, sucrose, trehalose, urea, and xylitol

Other examples include acetylated lanolin, acetylated lanolin alcohol, acrylate/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, acrylate copolymer, alanine, seaweed extract, aloe barbadensis extract, aloe barbadensis gum, marshmallow extract, aluminum octenyl succinate starch, aluminum stearate, apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil, arginine aspartate, arnica extract, ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate, aspartic acid, avocado (avocado) oil, barium sulfate, sphingolipids, butanol, beeswax, behenyl alcohol, beta-sitosterol, BHT, birch (Betula alba) bark extract, borage (borago officinalis) extract, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1, 3-diol, Ruscus aculeatus (russulaceae) extract, butylene glycol, hydrogenated starch, and mixtures thereof, Calendula extract, calendula oil, euphorbia wax (eupolyphylla rifera) wax, moss oil, caprylic/capric triglyceride, cardamom (Eletaarachidamomum) oil, carnauba (Copanicorafera) wax, carrageenan (Chondrussrispus), carrot (Daucus carotata) oil, castor (ricinum) oil, ceramide, ozokerite, ceteareth-5, ceteareth-12, ceteareth-20, cetearyl octanoate, cetech-20, cetech-24, cetyl acetate, cetyl octanoate, cetyl palmitate, cetech (anthelmintic) oil, cholesterol ester, cetyl hydroxystearate, citric acid, sage (sazearallar) oil, chamomile (camomile) oil, coconut oil, macadamia oil, coconut oil (macadamia caprylate), collagen/caprylate, collagen (collagen/caprylate), collagen/capric acid, collagen oil, casein caprylate, dextrin, diazolidinyl urea, dimethicone copolyol, dimethiconol, dioctyl adipate, dioctyl succinate, dipentaerythritol hexa-caprylate/hexadecanoate, DMDM hydantoin, DNA, erythritol, ethoxydiglycol, ethyl linoleate, eucalyptus globulus oil, evening primrose (oenothera) oil, fatty acids, gluctose, gelatin, geranium oil, glucosamine, glucose glutamate, glycerol-26, glycerol, glyceryl distearate, glyceryl hydroxystearate, glyceryl laurate, glyceryl linoleate, glyceryl myristate, glyceryl oleate, glyceryl stearate, glycine, glycerol stearate SE, glycosaminoglycan, grape (vitisisvinifican) seed oil, hazelnut (coryuramifolia) nut oil, dextrin, glyceryl stearate, glycerol stearate SE, glucosaminoglycans, grape (vitiferan) seed oil, hazelnut (coryuramia) nut oil, Hazelnut (corylus avellana) nut oil, hexylene glycol, honey, hyaluronic acid, safflower carthamus (carthamus tinctorius) oil, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated coconut glyceride, hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated lanolin, hydrogenated lecithin, hydrogenated palm glyceride, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated tallow glyceride, hydrogenated vegetable oil, hydrolyzed collagen, hydrolyzed elastin, hydrolyzed glycosaminoglycan, hydrolyzed keratin, hydrolyzed soy protein, hydroxylated lanolin, hydroxyproline, imidazolidinyl urea, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, isocetyl stearate, isodecyl oleate, isopropyl isostearate, isopropyl lanolate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl stearate, DEA isostearic acid, isostearic acid lactate, isostearic acid pivalate, jasmine (jasminum) oil, sesame oil, and sesame oil, Jojoba oil, seaweed, shiitake (beefsteak) nut oil, lactamide MEA, lanosterol polyether (laneth) -16, lanosterol polyether-10 acetate, lanolin acid, lanolin alcohol, lanolin oil, lanolin wax, lavender (lavandaangustifolia) oil, lecithin, lemon (citrus medicalimonum) oil, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, macadamia nut oil, magnesium stearate, magnesium sulfate, maltitol, chamomile (chamomillae) oil, methylglucose sesquistearate, methylsilanol PCA, microcrystalline wax, mineral oil, mink oil, Mortierella xanthina oil, myristyl lactate, myristyl myristate, myristyl propionate, neopentyl glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate, octyldodecanol, octyldodecyl myristate, stearyl stearate, octyldodecyl palmitate, octyldodecyl stearate, octyldodecyl palmitate, and octyldodecyl palmitate, Octyl salicylate, octyl stearate, oleic acid, olive (oleeaeuropaea) oil, orange (citrus aurantiumdulcis) oil, palm (elaeisguineensis) oil, palmitic acid, pantethine, panthenol, panthenyl ethyl ether, paraffin, PCA, peach (prunus persica) kernel oil, pea (arachpogoa) oil, PEG-8C12-8 ester, PEG-15 cocoamine, PEG-150 distearate, PEG-60 glyceryl isostearate, PEG-5 glyceryl stearate, PEG-30 glyceryl stearate, PEG-7 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-20 methylglucamine sesquistearate, PEG40 sorbitan monooleate, PEG-5 soya sterol, PEG-10 soya sterol, PEG-2 stearate, PEG-8 stearate, PEG-20 stearate, PEG-32 stearate, PEG40 stearate, PEG-50 stearate, PEG-100 stearate, PEG-150 stearate, pentadecanolide, peppermint (menthapipirerita) oil, petrolatum, phospholipids, polyaminosaccharide condensates, polyglyceryl-3-diisostearate, polyquaternium-24, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 80, polysorbate 85, potassium myristate, potassium palmitate, potassium sorbate, potassium stearate, propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate, propylene glycol dicaprylate, propylene glycol dinonate, propylene glycol laurate, propylene glycol stearate SE, PVP, pyridoxine dipalmitate, quaternium-15, quaternium-18 hectorite, quaternium-22, retinol, retinyl palmitate, rice (oryzativa) bran oil, sodium stearate, RNA, rosemary (rosemarinus officinalis) oil, rose oil, safflower (carthamus tinctorius) oil, sage (salviaofficinalis) oil, salicylic acid, sandalwood (santalubum) oil, serine, serum albumin, sesame (sesamumimidicum) oil, shea butter (butyro spermum), silk powder, chondroitin sulfate sodium salt, sodium hyaluronate, sodium lactate, sodium palmitate, PCA sodium, sodium polyglutamate, sodium stearate, soluble collagen, sorbic acid, sorbitan laurate, sorbitan oleate, sorbitan palmitate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan stearate, sorbitol, soybean (glynesoja) oil, sphingolipid, squalane, squalene, stearamide MEA-stearate, stearic acid, stearyloxydimethicone, stearyloxytrimethylsilane, stearyl alcohol, glycyrrhizic acid stearate, heptanoic acid ester, stearic acid ester, sunflower (sunflower) seed oil, squalane oil, and guayulus seed oil, Almond (prununygdalus dulcis) oil, synthetic beeswax, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol linoleate, behenyl trisaccharide, tridecyl pivalate, tridecyl stearate, triethanolamine, tristearin, urea, vegetable oils, water, waxes, wheat (triticumulgare) kernel oil, and ylandium (canangaodadata) oil.

Antioxidant, iii

Non-limiting examples of antioxidants that can be used with the compositions of the present invention include acetylcysteine, ascorbic acid polypeptide, ascorbyl dipalmitate, ascorbyl methylsilanol pectate, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl stearate, BHA, BHT, t-butylhydroquinone, cysteine HCI, dipentylhydroquinone, di-t-butylhydroquinone, dicetylthiodipropionate, tocopheryl disilanol dioleate, disodium ascorbyl sulfate, distearylthiodipropionate, ditridecylthiodipropionate, lauryl gallate, isoascorbic acid, ascorbic acid ester, ferulic acid ethyl ester, ferulic acid, gallic acid ester, hydroquinone, isooctylthioglycolate, kojic acid, magnesium ascorbate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, methylsilanol ascorbate, Natural plant antioxidants (e.g., green tea or grape seed extract), nordihydroguaiaretic acid, octyl gallate, phenylthioglycolic acid, potassium ascorbyl tocopherol phosphate, potassium sulfite, propyl gallate, quinone, rosmarinic acid, sodium ascorbate, sodium bisulfite, sodium erythorbate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite, superoxide dismutase, sodium thioglycolate, sorbitolfural, thiodiglycol, thiodiglycolamide, thiodiglycolic acid, thioglycolic acid, thiolactic acid, thiosalicylic acid, tocopheryl polyether-5, tocopheryl polyether-10, tocopheryl polyether-12, tocopheryl polyether-18, tocopheryl polyether-50, tocopherol, tocol, tocoferol acetate, tocopheryl linoleate, tocopheryl nicotinate, tocopheryl succinate and tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite.

Structuring agent

In other non-limiting aspects, the compositions of the present invention can include a structurant. In particular aspects, the structurant helps provide rheological characteristics to the composition to promote stability of the composition. In other aspects, the structurant may also act as an emulsifier or surfactant. Non-limiting examples of structurants include stearic acid, palmitic acid, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, stearic acid, palmitic acid, the polyethylene glycol ether of stearyl alcohol having an average of about 1 to about 21 ethylene oxide units, the polyethylene glycol ether of cetyl alcohol having an average of about 1 to about 5 ethylene oxide units, and mixtures thereof.

v. emulsifiers

In some non-limiting aspects, the composition can include one or more emulsifiers. Emulsifiers can reduce the interfacial tension between phases and improve the formulation and stability of the emulsion. The emulsifiers can be nonionic, cationic, anionic, and zwitterionic emulsifiers (see, McCutcheon's (1986); U.S. Pat. No.5,011,681; 4,421,769; 3,755,560). Non-limiting examples include glycerol esters, propylene glycol esters, fatty acid esters of polyethylene glycol, fatty acid esters of polypropylene glycol, sorbitol esters, sorbitan esters, carboxylic acid copolymers, esters and ethers of glucose, ethoxylated ethers, ethoxylated alcohols, alkyl phosphates, polyoxyethylene fatty ether phosphates, fatty acid amides, acyl lactylates, soaps, TEA stearates, DEA oleyl polyether-3 phosphate, polyethylene glycol 20 sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20), polyethylene glycol 5 soya sterol, steareth-2, steareth-20, steareth-21, ceteth-20, PPG-2 methyl glucose ether distearate, ceteth-10, polysorbate 80, cetyl phosphate, sodium cetyl phosphate, diethanolamine cetyl phosphate, sorbitan esters, Polysorbate 60, glyceryl stearate, PEG-100 stearate, and mixtures thereof.

A compound containing a silicone

In a non-limiting aspect, a silicone-containing compound includes any member of a family of polymeric products whose molecular backbone is made up of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms with pendant groups attached to the silicon atoms. By varying the-Si-O-chain length, side groups, and cross-linking, silicones can synthesize a variety of materials. Their consistency can vary from liquid to gel to solid.

Silicone-containing compounds that may be used in the context of the present invention include those described in the specification or those known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Non-limiting examples include silicone oils (e.g., volatile and non-volatile oils), gels, and solids. In a preferred aspect, the silicon-containing compound comprises a silicone oil, such as a polysiloxane. Non-limiting examples of silicones include dimethylpolysiloxane, cyclomethicone, silicone-11, phenyl trimethicone, trimethylsilylammoethicone, stearyloxytrimethicone, or mixtures of these and any other proportion of organosiloxane material to achieve the desired consistency and application characteristics depending on the intended application (e.g., application to a particular area such as skin, hair or eye). "volatile silicone oil" includes silicone oils having a low heat of vaporization, i.e., typically less than about 50 cal/gram of silicone oil. Non-limiting examples of volatile silicone oils include: cyclomethicones, such as dow corning344Fluid, dow corning345Fluid, dow corning244Fluid and dow corning245Fluid, volatile silicones 7207 (union carbide corp., Danbury, Conn.); low viscosity dimethylpolysiloxanes, i.e., dimethylpolysiloxanes having a viscosity of about 50cst or less (e.g., dimethylpolysiloxanes such as dow corning200-0.5cst fluid). Dow Corning fluid is available from Dow Corning corporation, Midland, Michigan. Cyclopolydimethylsiloxane and dimethylpolysiloxane are described in the third edition of CTFACosmeticIngredient dictionary (incorporated by reference) as cyclic dimethylpolysiloxane compounds and fully methylated linear siloxane polymers endblocked with trimethylsiloxy monomers, respectively. Other non-limiting volatile silicone oils that may be used in the context of the present invention include those available from general electric co, silicon products div, Waterford, n.y. and swissilicons div, of stauffer chemical co, Adrian, Michigan.

vii essential oils

Essential oils include oils derived from herbs, flowers, trees and other plants. Such oils typically exist as tiny droplets between plant cells and can be extracted by several methods known to those skilled in the art (e.g., steam distillation, floral extraction (i.e., by using fat extraction), maceration, solvent extraction, or mechanical pressing). These types of oils are susceptible to evaporation (i.e., volatile oils) when exposed to air. Thus, many essential oils are colorless, but over time they may oxidize and darken in color. Essential oils are insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohols, ethers, non-volatile oils (vegetable) and other organic solvents. Typical physical characteristics found in essential oils include a boiling point of from 160 ° to 240 ℃ and a density of from about 0.759 to about 1.096.

Essential oils are often named after the plant in which the oil is found. For example, rose oil or peppermint oil are each derived from rose or peppermint plants. Non-limiting examples of essential oils that may be used in the context of the present invention include sesame oil, macadamia nut oil, tea tree oil, evening primrose oil, spanish sage oil, spanish rosemary oil, coriander oil, thyme oil, pimento oil, rose oil, fennel oil, balsam oil, bergamot oil, rosewood oil, cedar oil, chamomile oil, sage oil, clary sage oil, clove oil, cypress oil, eucalyptus oil, fennel oil, sea fennel oil, frankincense oil, geranium oil, ginger oil, grapefruit oil, jasmine oil, juniper oil, lavender oil, lemon oil, lemongrass oil, lime oil, mandarin oil, marjoram oil, myrrh oil, neroli oil, orange oil, patchouli oil, pepper oil, black pepper oil, orange leaf oil, pine oil, rose oil, rosemary oil, sandalwood oil, spearmint oil, spikenard oil, vetiver oil, wintergreen oil or ylang-ylang. Other essential oils known to those skilled in the art are also believed to be useful in the context of the present invention.

Thickening agent

Thickeners, including thickeners or gelling agents, include substances that can increase the viscosity of the composition. Thickeners include those that can increase the viscosity of the composition without substantially altering the efficacy of the active ingredients within the composition. Thickeners may also improve the stability of the compositions of the present invention.

Non-limiting examples of other thickeners that may be used in the context of the present invention include carboxylic acid polymers, crosslinked polyacrylate polymers, polyacrylamide polymers, polysaccharides, and gums. Examples of carboxylic acid polymers include crosslinked compounds containing one or more monomers derived from acrylic acid, substituted acrylic acids, and salts and esters of these acrylic acids and substituted acrylic acids, wherein the crosslinking agent contains two or more carbon-carbon double bonds and is derived from a polyol (see U.S. patent No.5,087,445; 4,509,949; 2,798,053; ctfa international cosmetic ingredient dictionary, fourth edition, 1991, pp.12 and 80).Examples of commercially available carboxylic acid polymers include carbomers, which are homopolymers of acrylic acid crosslinked with an allyl ether of sucrose or pentaerythritol (e.g., Carbopol from b.f. goodrich)^TM900 series).

Non-limiting examples of crosslinked polyacrylate polymers include cationic and nonionic polymers. Examples are described in U.S. patent nos. 5,100,660; 4,849,484, respectively; 4,835,206, respectively; 4,628,078, respectively; 4,599,379).

Non-limiting examples of polyacrylamide polymers, including nonionic polyacrylamide polymers, including substituted branched or unbranched polymers, include polyacrylamide, isoparaffins, and laureth-7, acrylamide, and multi-block copolymers of substituted acrylamide with acrylic acid and substituted acrylic acid.

Non-limiting examples of polysaccharides include cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate propionate, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium cellulose sulfate, and mixtures thereof. Another example is alkyl substituted cellulose, wherein the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose polymer are hydroxyalkylated (preferably hydroxyethylated or hydroxypropylated) to form hydroxyalkylated cellulose, which is then subsequently treated with C₁₀-C₃₀The linear or branched alkyl groups are further modified by ether linkages. Typically, these polymers are C₁₀-C₃₀Ethers of straight or branched chain alcohols with hydroxyalkyl celluloses. Other useful polysaccharides include scleroglucan comprising a linear chain of (1-3) linked glucose monomers with (1-6) linked glucose every three monomers.

Non-limiting examples of gums that may be used in the present invention include gum arabic, agar, alginic acid, aluminum alginate, pullulan, calcium alginate, calcium carrageenan, carnitine, carrageenan, dextrin, gelatin, gellan gum, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hectorite, hyaluronic acid, hydrated silica, hydroxypropyl chitosan, hydroxypropyl guar gum, karaya gum, seaweed, locust bean gum, natto gum, potassium alginate, potassium carrageenan, propylene glycol alginate, sclerotium gum, sodium carboxymethyl dextran, sodium carrageenan, tragacanth gum, xanthan gum, and mixtures thereof.

b. Pharmaceutical composition

It is also contemplated that pharmaceutical ingredients are useful in the emulsion compositions of the present invention. Non-limiting examples of pharmaceutical ingredients include anti-acne agents, agents for treating rosacea, analgesics, anesthetics, anorectic agents, antihistamines, anti-inflammatory agents (including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents), antibiotics, antifungal agents, antiviral agents, antimicrobial agents, anticancer actives, anti-sarcoptics, anti-lice agents, antineoplastic agents, antiperspirants, antipruritics, anti-seborrheic agents, biologically active proteins and peptides, burn treatment agents, cauterizing agents, depigmenting agents, depilatory agents, diaper rash treatment agents, enzymes, hair growth stimulants, hair growth inhibitors (including DFMO, and salts and analogs thereof), hemostatic agents, keratolytic agents, aphthous treatment agents, herpes labialis treatment agents, dental and periodontal treatment agents, photoactive actives, skin protectants/barriers, steroids (including hormones and corticosteroids), sunburn treatment agents, sun protection agents, Transdermal actives, nasal actives, vaginal actives, wart treatment agents, wound healing agents, and the like.

D. Medicine box

It is also contemplated that kits may be used in particular aspects of the invention. For example, the compositions of the present invention can be included in a kit. The kit may include a container. The container may comprise a bottle, metal tube, laminated tube, plastic tube, dispenser, pressurized container, shielded container, wrap, compartment, lipstick container, compressed container, cosmetic tray that may contain a cosmetic composition, or other type of container, such as an injection molded or blow molded plastic container, in which the dispersion or composition is held or the desired bottle, dispenser or wrap. The kit and/or container may include indicia on its surface. For example, the indicia may be words, phrases, abbreviations, pictures or symbols.

The container may dispense a predetermined amount of the composition. In other embodiments, a container (e.g., a metal, laminate, or plastic tube) can be squeezed to dispense the desired amount of the composition. The composition may be dispensed as a spray, foam, aerosol, liquid, fluid or semi-solid. The container may have a spray, pump or squeeze mechanism. The kit may also include instructions for using the kit and/or composition. The instructions may include an explanation of how the composition is to be applied, used, and maintained.

Examples

The following examples are included to demonstrate certain non-limiting aspects of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the techniques disclosed in the examples, which follow representative techniques discovered by the inventor, function well in the practice of the invention. However, those of skill in the art should, in light of the present disclosure, appreciate that many changes can be made in the specific embodiments which are disclosed and still obtain a like or similar result without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Example 1

(Material and method for obtaining pulp)

The jaboticaba fruit pulp and cashew fruit pulp used in this experiment were obtained from LabCat, the international division of laboratorio catarine (brazil). The pulps for both extracts were prepared by obtaining the pulp and subjecting it to spray drying in the presence of maltodextrin. The dried product is then homogenized with a blender and packaged for storage in powder form.

Example 2

(data)

Table I includes a summary of the data obtained for jaboticaba fruit pulp and cashew fruit pulp described in example 1.

TABLE 1

Extract of plant	COX-1 assay	TNF- α assay	Hyaluronic acid synthesis assay
				Cashew fruit pulp	-	-43.31%	89%
Amur fruit pulp	-23.08%	-25.83%	118%

The inventors have found a synergistic effect between these two pulps, as the combination of the two provides COX-1 and TNF-alpha inhibition and also increases hyaluronic acid synthesis. The benefits of inhibiting COX-1 and TNF-alpha provide a dual or synergistic response in inhibiting an inflammatory response (e.g., a skin inflammatory response).

The experiments described in the following paragraphs were used to obtain the data illustrated in table 1. These tests can also be used to test the pulp of jaboticaba and/or cashew trees or extracts thereof or to test compositions containing such pulp or extracts, and the ability of such pulp or extracts or compositions to inhibit COX-1, TNF-alpha and/or increase hyaluronic acid synthesis.

COX-1 assay: an in vitro cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibition assay was used. COX is a bifunctional enzyme that exhibits both cyclooxygenase and peroxidase activities. Cyclooxygenase activity converts arachidonic acid into hydroperoxy endoperoxides (prostaglandin G2; PGG 2), while the peroxidase component reduces endoperoxides (prostaglandin H2; PGH 2) to the corresponding alcohols, precursors of prostaglandins, thromboxanes and prostacyclins. This COX inhibitor screening assay measures the peroxidase component of cyclooxygenase. Peroxidase activity was tested by colorimetry by monitoring the appearance of oxidized N, N' -tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD). The inhibitor screening assay includes the COX-1 enzyme to screen for inhibitors specific for the isoenzyme. A colorimetric COX (ovine) inhibitor screening assay (# 760111, cayman chemical) was used to analyze the effect of test extracts on purified cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) activity. The purified enzyme, heme and test extract were mixed in assay buffer and incubated with shaking at room temperature for 15min according to the manufacturer's instructions. After incubation, arachidonic acid and colorimetric substrates were added to initiate the reaction. Color progression was assessed by reading the colorimetric plates at 590 nm. The percent inhibition of COX-1 activity was calculated and compared to untreated controls to determine the ability of the test extract to inhibit the activity of the purified enzyme.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α) assay: the anti-irritant capacity of the extracts identified in table 1 was assessed by measuring the release of TNF-alpha which inhibits the primary human keratinocyte response stress. In the presence or absence of the extract, primary human keratinocytes are induced to release TNF-alpha, a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a key role in inflammation. TNF- α secretion was quantified using a sandwich (ELISA) of the TNF- α enzyme linked immunosorbent assay # DTA00C from R & DSystems (Minneapolis, MinnesotaUSA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The sandwich immunoassay technique uses color generation to quantify the amount of TNF- α present in the cell supernatant. The color produced was proportional to the amount of TNF- α and was detected at 450nm using a microplate reader. Data were calculated as% inhibition of untreated control. Negative values demonstrate the ability of the test component to inhibit TNF- α production compared to the control. Extracts having the ability to inhibit TNF- α activity can reduce or prevent adverse effects caused by inflammatory pathways (e.g., reducing skin inflammation, treating or preventing inflammatory diseases, etc.).

Hyaluronic acid synthesis assay: the ability of the extracts identified in table 1 to stimulate Hyaluronic Acid (HA) synthesis was evaluated by measuring HA release from primary human epidermal fibroblasts. HA is a large number of glycosaminoglycans found in the extracellular matrix in the skin. HA plays an important role in wound healing and moisturization. Primary human epidermal fibroblasts were seeded in 96-well plates in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum and cultured at 37 ℃ and 10% CO2 for 24 hours. When 50% confluence was reached, the cells were cultured in DMEM containing 0.15% fetal bovine serum for 3 days. The cells were then treated with the extract in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum and cultured at 37 ℃ and 10% CO2 for 24 hours. HA secretion was quantified using R & DSystems (Minneapolis, MinnesotaUSA) HA immunoadsorption test # DY3614 according to the manufacturer's instructions. The sandwich immunoassay technique uses color generation to quantify the amount of HA present in the cell supernatant. The color produced is proportional to the amount of HA and is detected at 450nm using a microplate reader. Data were calculated as% of untreated control. Positive values demonstrate the ability of the test component to stimulate HA production compared to the control. The extract having the ability to stimulate HA production can improve skin moisturization and firmness.

Example 3

(test vehicle)

Tables 2 and 3 describe a common skin test formulation in which the skin active ingredient is incorporated to determine the type of skin benefit that can be attributed to the skin active ingredient. These formulations were prepared in such a way that any resulting skin benefit from topical application of the formulation to the skin could be directly attributed to the tested skin active ingredient.

TABLE 2

Composition (I)	% concentration (by weight)
		Phase A
Water (W)	84.80
		Xanthan gum	0.1
M-P-hydroxybenzoic acid	0.15
		P-hydroxybenzoic acid	0.1
Citric acid	0.1
		Phase B
Cetyl alcohol	4.0
		Glycerol stearate + PEG100	4.0
Palmitic acid octyl ester	4.0
		Dimethicone	1.0
Tocopheryl acetate	0.2
		Phase C
Skin active ingredient	2.0
		Total of	100

Procedure for preparation of composition: xanthan gum was sprinkled in water and mixed for 10 min. Subsequently, all ingredients in phase A were added and heated to 70-75 ℃. Add all the materials in phase B to a separate beaker and heat to 70-75 ℃. Phases A and B were mixed at 70-75 ℃. Mixing was continued and the composition was allowed to cool to 30 ℃. Subsequently, the ingredients of phase C were added with mixing.

The pulp identified in this specification can be incorporated into the test formulation as a skin active ingredient. Pulp may be used in the test carrier alone or in combination. The concentration range of the pulp (or combination of pulps) can be changed as desired or needed by increasing or decreasing the water content. For example, jaboticaba fruit pulp or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof, or a combination of both, can be tested in the formulations of table 2.

TABLE 3

Composition (I)	% concentration (by weight)
		Phase A
Water (W)	78.6
		M-P-hydroxybenzoic acid	0.2
P-hydroxybenzoic acid	0.1
		Na2 EDTA	0.1
Butyrospermum parkii	4.5
		Petrolatum	4.5
Glycerol	4.0
		Propylene glycol	2.0
Finsolve TN	2.0
		Phase B
Sepigel 305	2.0
		Phase C
Skin active ingredient	2.0
		Total of	100

Add all ingredients in phase a to the beaker and heat to 70-75 ℃ with mixing. Subsequently, add phase B ingredients to phase a and cool to 30 ℃ with mixing. Subsequently, the ingredients of phase C were added with mixing.

The pulp identified in this specification can be incorporated into the test formulation as a skin active ingredient. Pulp may be used in the test carrier alone or in combination. The concentration range of the pulp (or combination of pulps) can be changed as desired or needed by increasing or decreasing the water content. For example, jaboticaba fruit pulp or cashew fruit pulp or extracts thereof, or a combination of both, can be tested in the formulations of table 2.

Example 4

(dermatologically acceptable carrier)

Tables 4 and 5 describe that the jaboticaba and cashew fruit pulp extracts provide a stable environment while also providing a dermatologically acceptable carrier for effective distribution of the extracts to the skin (data not shown).

As described in the summary section of the invention, some unique aspects of the disclosed dermatologically acceptable carriers are that they have excellent tactile properties/are cosmetically elegant, safe for use on the skin, and provide an environment that allows the jaboticaba and/or cashew fruit extracts to remain stable and effective. The carrier also allows the extract to be effectively distributed through the skin once the composition is topically applied to the skin. This effective distribution allows the use of a minimum amount of jaboticaba and cashew fruit pulp extract to obtain the desired skin-related benefit.

TABLE 4

Composition (I)	% concentration (by weight)
		Phase A
Water (W)	25 to 35
		Phase B
Cyclopentasiloxane	25 to 30
		Silicone-11	5 to 10
Silicon dioxide	3 to 7
		PEG-10 Dimethicone	2 to 5
Dimethicone	2 to 5
		Pentanediol	1 to 3
Caprylic/capric triglyceride	1 to 3
		Extract of red sage root	0.1 to 5
Total of	100

Standard mixing, heating and cooling procedures may be used. For example, phases a and B may be mixed in the presence of heat. The extract may be added and the composition cooled to room temperature (20-25 ℃).

Pulp may be added alone or in combination.

Stable formulations with the desired skin efficacy benefits (see table 1) were produced according to the ranges provided in table 4.

TABLE 5

Composition (I)	% concentration (by weight)
		Phase A
Water (W)	60 to 70
		Phase B
Denatured alcohol	5 to 10
		Dipropylene glycol	5 to 10
Methyl glucitol polyether-20	2 to 5
		Biological sugar gum-1	2 to 5
Glycerol	1 to 3
		Dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymers	1 to 3
Extract of red sage root	0.1 to 5
		Total of	100

Standard mixing, heating and cooling procedures may be used. For example, phases a and B may be mixed in the presence of heat. The extract may be added and the composition cooled to room temperature (20-25 ℃).

Pulp may be added alone or in combination.

Stable formulations with the desired skin efficacy benefits (see table 1) were produced according to the ranges provided in table 5.

Example 5

(other tests that can be used to test the composition)

Compositions comprising jaboticaba fruit pulp and cashew fruit pulp, or combinations of these pulps, identified throughout the specification (including, for example, the pulp described in example 1, the test formulations identified in tables 2-3, and the carriers identified in tables 4-5) can be determined by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The following are non-limiting tests that may be used within the scope of the invention. It should be recognized that other testing procedures may be used, including, for example, objective and subjective procedures.

Erythema test: one test to measure the reduction in skin redness can be evaluated using a Minolta colorimeter. Skin erythema can be induced by applying a 0.2% sodium lauryl sulfate solution to the forearm of a patient. The area was protected by a closing patch for 24 hr. After 24hr, the patch was removed and the red color induced by inflammation was determined using the a-value of the Minolta chromameter. a-value measures the change in skin color in the red zone. Immediately after taking the reading, the area was treated with the composition of the present invention. The measurements were repeated at regular intervals to determine the ability of the formula to reduce redness and irritation.

Skin moisture/hydration test: skin moisture/hydration benefits can be measured by impedance measurements using the novadermal phasemeter. Impedance meters measure changes in skin moisture content. The outer layer of skin has unique electrical properties. When the skin is dry, it conducts current very poorly. As it becomes more hydrated, the conductivity results increase. Thus, changes in skin impedance (relative to conductivity) can be used to determine changes in skin hydration. The units may be calibrated per test day according to instrument instructions. Notes on temperature and relative humidity may also be made. The subject can be evaluated as follows: before the measurements, they can be equilibrated in a room with defined humidity (e.g., 30-50%) and temperature (e.g., 68-72 ℃). Three separate impedance readings may be taken on each side of the face, recorded and averaged. A T5 setting on the impedance meter may be used that averages the impedance value applied to the face every five seconds. Changes can be reported with statistical variance and significance.

Skin smoothness and freckle and age spot reduction test: the minilta colorimeter can be used to evaluate the reduction of skin smoothness and freckles and age spots. The a-value of the Minolta chromameter can be used to measure changes in skin color to determine irritation potential due to product handling. a-values measure the change in skin color in the red areas. This was used to determine whether the composition induced inflammation. Measurements may be made on each side of the face and averaged as the value of the left and right faces. Skin smoothness can also be measured using a Minolta meter. The measurements are a combination of a, b and L values in Minolta and are related to skin radiance and are closely related to skin smoothness and hydration. Skin readings were taken as above. In one non-limiting aspect, the skin finish can be described as L/C, where C is chroma and is defined as (a)²+b²)^1/2。

Skin dryness, surface fine lines, skin smoothness and skin tone test: clinical grading techniques can be used to assess skin dryness, surface fine lines, skin smoothness and skin tone. For example, the clinical grade of skin dryness can be determined by a five point standard Kligman scale: (0) the skin is soft and moist; (1) the skin appeared normal with no apparent dryness; (2) the skin feels slightly dry to the touch and does not drop off obviously; (3) the skin feels dry, rough, and has a whitish appearance, with some flaking; and (4) the skin feels very dry, rough, and has a whitish appearance and flaking. The evaluations can be performed by two clinicians individually and averaged.

Clinical grading test of skin color: clinical grading of skin color can be done by ten point analog digital grading: (10) smooth skin with a uniform pink-brown color. No black, red or scaly spots when examined with a hand-held magnifying glass; the microtexture of the skin was very uniform when touched (7) without magnifying glass, a uniform skin tone was observed. There were no scaly areas, but slight discoloration due to pigmentation or erythema. No discoloration beyond 1cm in diameter; (4) easily noticeable discoloration of the skin and uneven texture. Slightly scaly. Some areas have rough skin feel, and (1) uneven skin tone and texture. Many areas are scaly and discolored, hypopigmentation, erythema or dark spots. Large areas of non-uniform color with diameters exceeding 1 cm. Evaluation was performed by two clinicians individually and averaged.

Clinical grading test of skin smoothness: clinical grading of skin smoothness can be done by ten point analog digital scale: (10) smooth, moist and shiny skin, no hindrance to the fingers sliding over the surface; (7) somewhat smooth and slightly obstructive; (4) coarse, obviously changed, and has friction force during friction; and (1) rough, scaly, uneven surfaces. Evaluation was performed by two clinicians individually and averaged.

Skin smoothness and wrinkle reduction tests using the method disclosed by Packman et al (1978): skin smoothness and wrinkle reduction can also be determined visually by using the method disclosed by Packman et al (1978). For example, the depth, shallowness and total number of facial surface wrinkles (SFLs) for each subject can be carefully scored and recorded at each subject examination. The numerical score is obtained by multiplying the numerical factor times by the depth/width/length factor. Scores for the eyes and mouth (left and right) were obtained and added together as a total wrinkle score.

Skin firmness test using the HargensBallistometer: skin firmness can be measured using a Hargensbalystometer by dropping a small object on the skin and recording the headTwo rebound peaks to evaluate the elasticity and firmness of the skin. A ballistometry was used, which is a small lightweight probe with a relatively blunt tip (4 mm)²-a contact surface). The probe penetrates slightly into the skin and obtains measurements that depend on the properties of the outer layers of the skin, including the stratum corneum and the outer epidermis and some of the dermis layers.

Skin softness/softness test using gasbearingelectrodynameter: skin softness/softness can be evaluated using a gasbearingelectrodynameter, a tool that measures skin stress/tension characteristics. The viscoelastic properties of skin are related to skin moisturization. Measurements can be obtained at a predetermined site on the cheek area by attaching the probe to the skin surface using a double sided tape. Approximately 3.5gm of force was applied parallel to the skin surface and the skin displacement was accurately measured. Skin softness can then be calculated and expressed as DSR (dynamic spring stiffness in gm/mm).

Fine line and wrinkle appearance test using replicas: the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles on the skin can be evaluated using a replica, which is an impression of the skin surface. A silicone rubber-like material may be used. The replica can be analyzed by image analysis. Changes in the visibility of fine lines and wrinkles can be objectively quantified by taking a silicon replica form of a subject's face and analyzing the replica image using a computer image analysis system. Replicas can be taken from the eyes and neck and photographs taken with a digital camera using low angle incident light. The digital image may be analyzed using an image processing program and determined to be a duplicate of a wrinkle or fine line overlay.

Skin surface profile test using profilometer/stylus method: the surface profile of the skin can be measured by using a profilometer/stylus method. This involves emitting a light or dragging the stylus across the replica surface. The vertical displacement of the stylus can be input into the computer via a distance converter and, after scanning a replica of a fixed length, a cross-sectional analysis of the skin features can be generated as a two-dimensional curve. This scan can be repeated any number of times along the fixed axis to produce a 3-D image of the simulated skin. Ten random replica cross sections using stylus technology can be obtained and combined to produce an average. The target value includes Ra, which is the arithmetic average of all roughness (height) values calculated by integrating the profile height with respect to the average profile height. Rt is the maximum vertical distance between the highest peak and the lowest valley, and Rz is the average peak amplitude minus the average peak height. Values are given in mm calibration values. Before each use, the device should be standardized by scanning a metal standard of known value. The Ra value can be calculated by the following equation: ra = normalized roughness; lm = run (scan) length; and y = absolute value of the cross-sectional position (x-axis) relative to the average cross-sectional height.

Melandodermtm assay: in other non-limiting aspects, the skin can be treated by using a skin analog, such as, for example, melandoderm^TMTo evaluate the efficacy of the compositions of the invention. Melanocytes, one of the cells in the skin analog, stain positively when exposed to L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) (melanin precursor). The skin analog melandoderm can be treated with various bases containing the composition of the invention and whitening agent or as a control base alone^TM. Alternatively, an untreated skin analog sample can be used as a control.

ORAC test: the oxygen radical absorbance (or adsorption) capacity (ORAC) of the aromatic skin active ingredients and compositions can also be determined by measuring the antioxidant capacity of these ingredients or compositions. This assay can quantify the extent and length of time required to inhibit the action of oxidants (such as oxygen radicals) known to cause damage to cells (e.g., skin cells). ORAC values for aromatic skin active ingredients and compositions can be determined by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art (see, U.S. publication Nos. 2004/0109905 and 2005/0163880; Cao et al (1993)), which are incorporated by reference in their entirety). In summary, the assay described in Cao et al (1993) measures the ability of antioxidant compounds in test materials to inhibit the decrease in B-phycoerythrin (B-PE) fluorescence induced by the peroxyradical generator AAPH.

**************

All of the skin active ingredients, compositions, and methods disclosed and claimed in this specification can be made and executed without undue experimentation in light of the present disclosure. While the skin active ingredients, compositions, or methods of this invention have been described in terms of particular embodiments, it will be apparent to those of skill in the art that variations may be applied to the skin active ingredients, compositions, or methods and in the steps or in the sequence of steps of the method described herein without departing from the concept, spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. Use of a composition comprising an effective amount of jaboticaba fruit pulp for the preparation of a medicament for increasing hyaluronic acid synthesis in skin, thereby treating skin erythema or inflammation, hydrating the skin, moisturizing the skin, increasing skin elasticity, and/or reducing the appearance of fine lines or wrinkles, comprising topically applying the composition to skin in need thereof, wherein the composition further comprises:

25% to 35% by weight of water;

at least 35% by weight of a silicone phase comprising cyclopentasiloxane, silicone-11, PEG-10 dimethicone, and dimethicone;

3% to 7% by weight of silica;

3% to 5% by weight of glycerol;

1 to 3% by weight of pentanediol; and

1% to 3% by weight of caprylic/capric triglyceride.

2. The use of claim 1, wherein the jaboticaba fruit pulp is in dry powder form.

3. The use of claim 1, wherein the medicament is for reducing the appearance of fine lines or wrinkles.

4. The use of claim 1, wherein the jaboticaba fruit pulp moisturizes and increases skin elasticity.

5. The use of claim 1, wherein the jaboticaba fruit pulp inhibits COX-1 and TNF- α activity of the skin.

6. The use of claim 5, wherein the medicament is for treating erythema or inflammation of the skin.

7. The use of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises 0.01% to 20% by weight of jaboticaba fruit pulp.

8. The use of claim 1, wherein the composition is a lotion, cream, serum or emulsion.

9. The use of claim 1, wherein the composition does not comprise hyaluronic acid, a carboxymethyl cysteamine compound, and a rose hip extract.