HK1189045B - Drive device and method for driving a drill rod - Google Patents

Description

Drive device and method for driving a drill rod

Technical Field

The invention relates to a drive device for driving a drill rod having an outer rod and an inner rod. And the invention also relates to a method for driving a drill rod.

Background

The drive device comprises a first rotary drive unit by means of which the outer rod can be driven in a rotary manner via an outer drive shaft; a second rotary drive unit by which the inner lever can be rotationally driven independently of the outer lever via an inner drive shaft; and a vibration unit for generating vibration having a vibration element capable of being driven in a vibration manner.

In the method, it is provided that the outer rod is driven in a rotating manner via an outer drive shaft by means of a first rotary drive unit, the inner rod is driven in a rotating manner independently of the outer rod via an inner drive shaft by means of a second rotary drive unit, and the vibration is generated by means of a vibration unit.

The drive device is provided in particular for so-called double-ended drilling, wherein the outer rod and the inner rod received therein are driven by two independent rotary drive units.

For driving the outer rod, the drive device comprises an outer drive shaft which can be coupled with the outer rod. For driving the inner rod, the drive device comprises an inner drive shaft which can be coupled with the inner rod.

The outer rod may in particular be a drill pipe as a housing stabilizing the ground surrounding the borehole. The inner rod extends inside the outer casing and may have a ground working tool for removing ground material and/or a conveyor slat for conveying ground material.

In order to increase the drilling progress, it is known to provide, in addition to the rotary drive, a vibration drive by means of which vibrations or oscillations can be transmitted to the outer rod or the inner rod.

In DE 202010014478U 1, a drive device for a drill rod is described, which has a vibration unit for transmitting oscillations to the drill rod.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention is based on the object of providing a driving device and a method for driving a drill rod which allow particularly efficient production of a borehole.

According to the invention, the object is solved by a drive device for driving a drill rod and a method for driving a drill rod.

In the case of a drive apparatus, it is provided according to the invention that the vibration element is connected to the outer drive shaft via a first transmission unit for transmitting vibrations to the outer drive shaft, and that the vibration element is connected to the inner drive shaft via a second transmission unit for transmitting vibrations to the inner drive shaft.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that the vibrations generated by the vibration unit are transmitted to the outer drive shaft via the first transmission unit and to the inner drive shaft via the second transmission unit.

The basic idea of the invention lies in the fact that in the case of a drive apparatus with independent rotary drilling drives for the outer and inner rods, a common vibration unit is provided which generates vibrations or oscillations which are transmitted to both the outer and inner rods. Thus, according to the invention, the same vibration or oscillation is transmitted to the outer rod on the one hand and to the inner rod on the other hand.

As a result of the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a second vibration unit. Therefore, the driving apparatus becomes compact while requiring a small amount of power. Also, vibration drilling is quieter and easier to overcome lateral friction than percussive drilling.

The vibration unit comprises a vibrating element or body which moves up and down in the longitudinal direction of the drill rod, i.e. it oscillates or vibrates. The vibration body is operatively connected to two rods or two drive shafts by means of a transmission unit transmitting the oscillation or vibration of the vibration element.

The drive shaft of the drive device may preferably be driven at different speeds and/or in different directions. The first rotary drive unit drives exclusively the outer rod and the second rotary drive unit drives exclusively the inner rod.

Preferably, the vibration unit comprises a non-rotating vibration element, the axial oscillation of which is transmitted to the rotating drive shaft via the transmission unit. In order to transmit the oscillation of the vibration element to the outer and inner rods, it is preferred according to the invention that the first transmission unit has at least a first pivot bearing via which the outer drive shaft is rotatably supported relative to the vibration element, and that the second transmission unit has at least a second pivot bearing via which the inner drive shaft is rotatably supported relative to the vibration element. The transmission unit, which is designed as a pivot bearing, enables the vibration element to be arranged in a housing of the drive device in a non-rotating manner. For transmitting vibrations, the pivot bearing is preferably designed as an axial bearing which ensures the transmission of axial forces.

According to the invention, the outer drive shaft and/or the inner drive shaft is/are preferably mounted in an axially displaceable manner via an engagement element, in particular an engagement tooth system, on a drive element which rotationally drives the drive shaft. The outer drive shaft and/or the inner drive shaft have an external toothing system which engages, for example, with the toothing system of the drive element. The drive element can be designed in particular as a hollow shaft with an internal gear system. By means of the toothing system, the outer drive shaft and/or the inner drive shaft is supported in an axially displaceable manner relative to the drive element. As a result, the meshing tooth system ensures that on the one hand torque is transmitted to the drive shaft and on the other hand the drive shaft is disengaged in the axial direction relative to the drive element, so that vibrations of the drive shaft are not transmitted to the drive element or the rotary drive unit.

A particularly compact and stable drive device is achieved in that at least one of the rotary drive unit and the vibration unit is arranged on a common receptacle or support and in that the vibration unit is axially movably supported on the common receptacle or support. The rotary drive unit preferably comprises a frame or housing which is securely connected to the receiving portion. Between the vibration unit, more particularly the vibration element, and the receiving portion, e.g. the elastic element, e.g. a rubber bearing, may be provided. Since the vibration unit is disengaged from the receiving portion, the transmission of vibrations to the rotary drive unit via the receiving portion is largely avoided.

An advantageous coupling of the vibration unit to the two drive shafts can be obtained in that the vibration unit is arranged between the first rotary drive unit and the second rotary drive unit.

Also, it is preferable that the first transmission unit is provided on a first axial side of the vibration element, and the second transmission unit is provided on a second axial side of the vibration element. This achieves a uniform loading of the vibration unit and a good vibration transmission to the drive shaft.

Preferably, the inner drive shaft passes through the vibratory element. This allows the second transmission unit and/or the second rotary drive unit to be arranged on the side of the vibration unit facing away from the drill rod.

In order to transmit axial forces to the inner drive shaft and/or the outer drive shaft, it is preferred that the vibration element comprises a bearing seat, for example, in the shape of a cylinder, on the outer circumference of which the first transmission unit and/or the second transmission unit is arranged. Thus, the inner drive shaft and the outer drive shaft each preferably have a bearing seat, on the inner circumference of which a corresponding transmission unit is arranged.

In order to adjust the axial relative position between the inner and outer rods and/or to change the vibration characteristics, an actuator is preferably provided by means of which the outer drive shaft can be adjusted axially relative to the inner drive shaft. The actuator is preferably arranged between one of the transfer units and the vibration body. By means of the actuator, the position of the transmission unit can be adjusted relative to the vibrating body. This axially moves or adjusts the respective drive shaft relative to the oscillating body.

An accurate and efficient setting of the relative position between the outer drive shaft and the inner drive shaft can be achieved, since the actuator has a positioning cylinder and/or a toothed rack. In particular, the positioning cylinder may be actuated hydraulically and/or electrically. It is also possible to distribute several actuators in circumferential direction around the drive shaft.

A compact drive device can be provided, since the first transmission unit and/or the second transmission unit are designed to transmit both vibrations and torques. It is particularly preferred that the vibrations of the vibration element can be transmitted to the outer drive shaft or the inner drive shaft via the first rotary drive unit and/or the second rotary drive unit. For example, it may be provided that the vibrations of the vibration elements are transmitted to the rotary drive unit via the common receptacle and from the rotary drive unit to the associated drive shaft via the rotary drive element serving as transmission unit. As a transmission unit, the drive element thus transmits both torque and vibration to the drive shaft.

Drawings

The invention will be further described hereinafter with the aid of the schematic drawing, in which:

fig. 1 is a first embodiment of a drive device according to the invention; and

fig. 2 is a second embodiment of the driving device according to the invention.

Detailed Description

The same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to designate the same or mutually corresponding components.

Fig. 1 shows a drive device 10 for driving a drill rod, not shown here, which comprises an outer rod and an inner rod received therein.

The drive device 10 has a first rotary drive unit 20 for the outer lever and a second rotary drive unit 30 for the inner lever. The first rotary drive unit 20 comprises an outer drive shaft 22, the outer drive shaft 22 being able to be coupled with the outer rod in a rotationally fixed manner. For this purpose, coupling means are provided in a generally known manner. The outer drive shaft 22 is driven by a drive motor 28 via a drive element 24. The drive element 24 is designed as a hollow shaft with an internal gearing 25. The outer drive shaft 22 is received in the hollow shaft and comprises a system of meshing teeth 23 designed as an outer system of teeth, the system of meshing teeth 23 meshing with an inner system of teeth 25 of a drive element 24 in order to be able to transmit torque to the outer drive shaft 22. The system of meshing teeth 23 ensures axial displacement of the outer drive shaft 22 relative to the drive element 24.

The drive element 24 is supported in the housing 21 of the first rotary drive unit 20 by means of one or several pivot bearings 29. A drive pinion 26 is arranged between the drive motor 28 and the drive element 24, the drive pinion 26 meshing with an external gear system of the drive element 24.

Correspondingly, the inner drive shaft 32 is driven in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the second rotary drive unit 30, the inner drive shaft 32 being able to be coupled in a rotationally fixed manner with the inner rod. Via a drive pinion 36, a drive motor 38 drives the drive element 34, which is designed as a hollow shaft. The drive element 34 is supported in the housing 31 of the second rotary drive unit 30 by means of one or several pivot bearings 39 and comprises a tooth system 35 via which tooth system 35 a torque can be transmitted to the inner drive shaft 32. The inner drive shaft 32 has an engaging tooth system 33 which engages with a tooth system 35. The meshing tooth system 33 and the tooth system 35 enable the inner drive shaft 32 to be axially displaced relative to the drive element 34.

A vibration unit 40 is provided between the first rotary drive unit 20 and the second rotary drive unit 30 along the axial direction. The vibrating unit 40 comprises at least two rotating masses 41 drivable in opposite directions, the rotating masses 41 initiating an axial oscillating movement of a vibrating element 42 along the drilling or longitudinal axis 12. The rotor masses 41 each have a shaft 43 with an eccentric weight 44. The shafts 43 with the eccentric weights 44 are set in synchronous rotational movement, so that the portions of unbalanced masses acting radially on the longitudinal axis 12 can compensate one another and produce an axial upward and downward movement of the vibration element 42.

In order to transmit the vibration generated by the vibration unit 40 to the outer drive shaft 22, a pivot bearing 52 is provided as the first transmission unit 50 between the vibration unit 40 and the outer drive shaft 22. The inner drive shaft 32 is connected to the vibration element 42 via a second transmission unit 60 designed as a pivot bearing 62. The pivot bearings 52, 62 are designed to transmit axial forces. Thus, the vibration unit 40 is connected to the two drive shafts 22, 32 in an axially fixed manner, so that the two drive shafts 22, 32 are simultaneously set into oscillation by the vibration element 42.

The first pivot bearing 52 is located on a first axial side of the vibration element 42 facing the drill rod, while the second pivot bearing 62 is located on a second axial side of the vibration element 42 facing away from the drill rod. The outer drive shaft 22 has a bearing flange 54 with a bearing seat 56 formed by a cylindrical inner side surface at the end. The inner drive shaft 32 passes through a cylindrical passage opening of the vibrating element 42 and comprises, between its meshing tooth system 33 and the vibrating element 42, a bearing flange 64 with a bearing seat 66 for the pivot bearing 62.

The pivot bearings 52, 62 are arranged between the meshing tooth systems 23, 33 in the longitudinal direction of the drive shafts 22, 32 and are each mounted on the bearing seat 46 of the vibration element 42. The bearing seat 46 is formed by a cylindrical outer side surface.

The rotary drive units 20, 30 and the vibration unit 40 are connected to each other via a common receptacle 70, which common receptacle 70 may also be referred to as a frame, support or housing. The vibration unit 40 is supported on the receiving portion 70 via the elastic member 72.

Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the drive device 10. Unlike the embodiment according to fig. 1, the outer drive shaft 22 and the inner drive shaft 32 are axially adjustable relative to each other. For this purpose, an adjusting unit with an actuator 48 is provided between the inner drive shaft 32 and the vibration element 42. In this case, the bearing seat 46 for the transmission unit 60 is arranged on a bearing ring 47 which can be moved relative to the vibration element 42. By means of the actuator 48, the bearing ring 47 or the transmission unit 60 can be adjusted axially relative to the vibrationally driven vibration element 42. In this way, the inner drive shaft 32 is able to move in the axial direction relative to the vibration element 42. By way of example, the actuator 48 designed as a positioning cylinder can set a predetermined distance of the second transmission unit 60 relative to the vibration element 42. Similarly, the outer drive shaft 22 on the vibratory element 42 may also be adjusted via the actuator 48.

In the embodiment of the drive device 10 shown in fig. 1 and 2, the up-and-down movement of the vibration element 42 is transmitted to the outer drive shaft 22 and the inner drive shaft 32 independently of the two rotary drive units 20, 30. However, it can also be provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the entire drive device 10 oscillates jointly with the rotary drive units 20, 30 and the vibration unit 40 and that the vibration motion is transmitted to the outer drive shaft 22 and the inner drive shaft 32 via the rotary drive units 20, 30, respectively. This is achieved in particular because the drive elements 24, 34 not only transmit torque to the outer drive shaft 22 or the inner drive shaft 32, but also transmit a vibration movement.

Claims (12)

1. A drive apparatus for driving a drill rod having an outer rod and an inner rod, the drive apparatus providing for double-ended drilling, wherein the outer rod and the inner rod are driven by two independent rotary drive units, having:

a first rotary drive unit by means of which the outer rod can be driven in a rotary manner in double-ended drilling via an outer drive shaft;

a second rotary drive unit by means of which the inner rod can be driven in a rotary manner independently of the outer rod via an inner drive shaft in double-ended drilling; and

a vibration unit for generating vibrations, having a vibration element which can be driven in a vibratory manner,

wherein

-for transmitting vibrations to the outer drive shaft, the vibrating element is connected to the outer drive shaft via a first transmission unit, and

-for transmitting vibrations to the inner drive shaft, the vibrating element is connected to the inner drive shaft via a second transmission unit.

2. The drive apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein

The first transmission unit has at least a first pivot bearing via which the outer drive shaft is rotatably supported relative to the vibratory element, and the second transmission unit has at least a second pivot bearing via which the inner drive shaft is rotatably supported relative to the vibratory element.

3. The drive apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein

The outer drive shaft and/or the inner drive shaft are supported via a toothing system in an axially displaceable manner on a drive element which is supported in the housing of the first rotary drive unit and/or the second rotary drive unit by means of one or several pivot bearings.

4. The drive apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein

At least one of the rotary drive unit and the vibration unit is disposed on a common receiving portion, and

the vibration unit is supported on the common receptacle in an axially movable manner.

5. The drive apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein

The vibration unit is disposed between the first rotary drive unit and the second rotary drive unit.

6. The drive apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein

The first transmission unit is disposed on a first axial side of the vibration element, and

the second transmission unit is disposed on a second axial side of the vibration element.

7. The drive apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein

The inner drive shaft passes through the vibrating element.

8. The drive apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein

The vibration element includes a bearing housing, and the first and/or second transmission units are disposed on an outer circumference of the bearing housing.

9. The drive apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein

An actuator is provided by means of which the outer drive shaft can be axially adjusted relative to the inner drive shaft.

10. The drive apparatus according to claim 9,

wherein

The actuator has a positioning cylinder and/or a rack.

11. The drive apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein

The first transmission unit and/or the second transmission unit are designed to transmit both vibrations and torques.

12. Method for driving a drill rod having an outer rod and an inner rod by means of a drive apparatus according to claim 1, which drive apparatus is provided for double-ended drilling, wherein the outer rod and the inner rod are driven by two independent rotary drive units, wherein

-driving the outer rod in a rotary manner at double-end drilling via an outer drive shaft by means of a first rotary drive unit,

-driving the inner rod in a rotary manner independently of the outer rod via an inner drive shaft by a second rotary drive unit in double-ended drilling, and

-generating vibrations by means of a vibration unit,

wherein

The vibration generated by the vibration unit is transmitted to the outer drive shaft via a first transmission unit and is transmitted to the inner drive shaft via a second transmission unit.