HK1182910B - Force sensing toothbrush - Google Patents

Description

Force sensing toothbrush

Technical Field

The present invention relates to personal hygiene devices, and more particularly to personal hygiene devices including a force indicating system.

Background

The use of toothbrushes to clean teeth has long been known. During the brushing process, the user typically applies a force to the brush, which applies the force to the teeth and gums via the cleaning elements of the toothbrush. A minimum level of force must be applied to remove plaque and debris; however, for individuals, high levels of force can have negative health effects. For example, problems such as gum irritation may occur, or after a period of time, gum indentation or enamel erosion may occur. Unfortunately, the presence of these problems exacerbates the factor that causes the problem, namely high brushing force. Since some users may feel these problems result from poor cleaning, the user may apply even more force during brushing in an effort to correct the problem, which in turn may cause more gum irritation and/or gum indentation or enamel abrasion.

To avoid or mitigate these problems, dental professionals may recommend the use of a soft bristle toothbrush. However, the use of a soft bristle toothbrush does not preclude the application of high brushing forces to the oral cavity. Furthermore, it is extremely difficult for an individual to determine the optimum force required for cleaning while brushing their teeth. Although the user may apply a minimum level of force necessary to enable cleaning, it is difficult to feel an excessively high level of force. Furthermore, studies have shown that if brushing force is increased to too high a level, the cleaning ability of the toothbrush is actually reduced.

Other suggested solutions may be to apply less force while brushing. However, if too little force is applied during brushing, the cleaning efficacy of the toothbrush is often reduced. Furthermore, similar to high brushing force, individuals may find it difficult to determine when the brushing force is too low.

Accordingly, there is a need for a personal hygiene implement that signals the user when too high a brushing force is applied.

Disclosure of Invention

The personal hygiene implement of the present invention can provide feedback to the user regarding excessive brushing force being applied. And in some embodiments, the personal hygiene implement of the present invention may provide the user with information regarding too low of an applied brushing force, a sufficient amount of brushing force, the low end of a range of sufficient brushing force; and/or an indication of the high end of sufficient brushing force. In providing these feedback to the user, the personal hygiene implement of the present invention can help the user to obtain better results when utilizing the personal hygiene implement.

In some embodiments, an oral hygiene implement may comprise a handle region, a head, and a neck extending between the handle region and the head. The head includes a plurality of cleaning elements attached to the head. The handle region includes a first portion and a second portion and a force sensor pivotably connected to the first portion and the second portion. The force sensor comprises a head and a neck, and the force sensor and the first part and/or the second part are integrally formed.

In some embodiments, an oral hygiene implement comprises a handle region, a head, and a neck extending between the handle region and the head. The head includes a plurality of cleaning elements attached thereto, and the handle region forms a hollow cavity. The force sensor includes a head and a neck and a distal portion disposed within the hollow cavity. The force sensor is pivotably connected to the handle region and is integrally formed with the handle region. The output source is in signal communication with the force sensor such that the output source provides a signal to a user when the force sensor is moved a predetermined distance.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an elevational view showing the left side of an oral hygiene implement, such as a toothbrush constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the front of the oral hygiene implement of fig. 1.

Fig. 3A and 3B are side views showing the left side of the oral hygiene implement of fig. 1 providing a first indication and a second indication, respectively, to a user.

Fig. 4A is a close-up view showing the connection between the force sensor and the first and second portions of the handle region of the oral hygiene implement of fig. 1.

Fig. 4B is a close-up view partially showing the handle region of the oral hygiene implement of fig. 1, excluding the force sensor for ease of viewing.

Fig. 4C is a close-up view partially showing the force sensor of the oral hygiene implement of fig. 1, excluding the handle region for ease of viewing.

Fig. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing the oral hygiene implement of fig. 1 taken along line 5-5 shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 5B to 5D are close-up views showing the head and neck of the oral hygiene implement shown in fig. 5A.

Fig. 6A is an exploded view including hidden lines showing another embodiment for an oral hygiene implement.

Fig. 6B is an exploded view showing the toothbrush of fig. 6A.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the oral hygiene implement of fig. 6A.

Fig. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing the oral hygiene implement of fig. 6 taken along line 8A-8A shown in fig. 7.

Fig. 8B is a close-up view showing a portion of the oral hygiene implement of fig. 6A.

Fig. 9 is a close-up view showing a portion of another embodiment for the oral hygiene implement of fig. 6A.

Fig. 10 shows a sample toothbrush secured in a frame for testing.

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the sample toothbrush of fig. 10 and a pull block on the brush head of the sample toothbrush.

Fig. 12 is a close-up view showing the sample toothbrush of fig. 10 and a pull block on the brush head of the sample toothbrush.

Fig. 13 is a close-up view showing the load cell attached to the pull block of fig. 11 and 12.

Fig. 14 is a side view showing a toothbrush constructed according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

Definition of：

The following sets forth a broad description of numerous different embodiments of the invention. The description is to be construed as exemplary only and does not describe every possible embodiment since describing every possible embodiment would be impractical, if not impossible, and it will be understood that any feature, characteristic, component, composition, ingredient, product, step or methodology described herein can be deleted, combined with or substituted for, in whole or in part, any other feature, characteristic, component, composition, ingredient, product, step or methodology described herein. Numerous alternative embodiments could be implemented, using either current technology or technology developed after the filing date of this patent, which would still fall within the scope of the claims.

It will be further understood that, unless a term is defined in this patent using the sentence "as used herein, the term '_______' is defined to mean" or an analogous sentence, it is not intended that the meaning of that term be limited, either explicitly or implicitly, beyond its plain or ordinary meaning, and that such terms should not be construed as limited in scope based on any statement made in any part of this patent (other than the language of the claims). No term is essential to the invention unless so stated. To the extent that any term recited in the claims at the end of this patent is referred to in this patent in a manner consistent with a single meaning, that is done for sake of clarity only so as to not confuse the reader, and it is not intended that such claim term by limited, by implication or otherwise, to that single meaning. Finally, unless a claim element is defined by the language "means" and function without describing any structure, it is not intended that the scope of any claim element be construed based on the use of 35u.s.c. § 112 sixth.

As used herein, "oral hygiene implement" refers to any device that can be used for oral hygiene purposes. Some suitable examples of such devices include toothbrushes (manual and powered), flosses (manual and powered), dental floaters, and the like.

Description of the invention：

For ease of illustration, the oral hygiene implement described below will be a manual toothbrush; however, as noted above, oral hygiene implements constructed in accordance with the present invention are not limited to manual toothbrush constructions. Furthermore, the embodiments described below are equally applicable to blades, razors, other personal hygiene implements, and the like.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the toothbrush 10 includes a handle region 12, a head 14, and a neck 16 extending between the handle and the head 14. A plurality of cleaning elements 20 are attached to the head 14. The handle region 12 may include a first portion 30 and a second portion 40. The first portion 30 and the second portion 40 may form a portion of the outward facing surface of the handle region 12.

The force sensor 60 may be pivotally mounted to the first portion 30 and/or the second portion 40. The force sensor 60 may include a head 14 and a neck 16. Further, the force sensor 60 may include an output source 250. As shown, the output source 250 may be disposed proximate a distal end 260 of the force sensor 60. Force sensor 60 also includes a proximal end 270 opposite distal end 260.

The force sensor 60 may be mounted by springs 280 and 290. The springs 280 and 290 may be integrally formed with the force sensor 60 and/or the first portion 30 and/or the second portion 40. In some embodiments, the springs 280 and 290 may be integrally formed with the force sensor 60, which is then attached to the first portion 30 and or the second portion 40. In some embodiments, the springs 280 and/or 290 may be integrally formed with the first portion 30 and/or the second portion 40, and the force sensor 60 may then be attached to the springs 280 and/or 290. In some embodiments, a portion 2260 of the force sensor 60 may be integrally formed with the first portion 30 and/or the second portion 40. For example, the portion 2260 may be integrally formed with the springs 280 and/or 290, the first portion 30 and/or the second portion 40, while the force sensor 60 includes a replaceable head.

In embodiments where the force sensor 60 is integrally formed with the springs 280 and 290, the force sensor 60 and the springs 280 and 290 may be produced in a single injection molding process, for example. Similarly, for those embodiments in which the springs 280 and 290 are integrally formed with the first and second portions 30 and 40, the springs 280 and 290 and the first and second portions 30 and 40 may be produced in a single-step injection molding process, for example. Further, for those embodiments in which the force sensor 60, the springs 280 and 290, and the first and second portions 30 and 40 are integrally formed, they may be produced in a single step injection molding process, for example.

In operation, as shown in fig. 3A and 3B, the force sensor 60 may pivot relative to the handle region 12 when a suitable force 320 is applied to the cleaning elements 20. At a distal end 260 (shown in fig. 2) of force sensor 60, output source 250 provides a first visual cue 252 that indicates the appropriate force to apply to the user. As shown in fig. 3B, a higher force 330 applied to the cleaning elements 20 may cause the force sensor 60 to pivot to a greater extent relative to the handle region 12. The additional pivoting may cause the output source 250 to indicate the second visual cue 254. The second visual cue 254 may be different from the first visual cue 252. The second visual cue 254 may indicate to the user that the brushing force applied is too high.

In addition to the second visual cue 254, the force sensor 60 may similarly provide a tactile signal to the user. As shown in fig. 3B, a portion 360 between the springs 280 and 290 (shown in fig. 2) and the distal end 260 (shown in fig. 2) of the force sensor 60 may protrude from the outer facing surface 350 of the handle region 12, thereby providing tactile feedback to the user. In some embodiments, the portion 360 may be configured such that no tactile indication is provided to the user.

Referring to fig. 4A, as previously described, the force sensor 60 may include springs 280 and 290. As shown, the springs 280 and 290 may comprise torsion bars. The force sensor 60 is pivotable about springs 280 and 290. The springs 280 and 290 should be configured such that pivoting of the force sensor does not cause plastic deformation in the springs 280 and 290. Rather, the pivotal movement of the force sensor 60 should only cause elastic deformation of the springs 280 and 290.

The springs 280 and 290 should be designed to avoid fatigue failure. Variables that can affect fatigue failure and elastic deformation are material selection, spring sizing, and angular displacement of the springs 280 and 290.

The springs 280 and 290 may comprise any suitable dimensions. For example, in some embodiments, the springs 280 and 290 may comprise greater than about 3mm²To about 50mm²Or any single value within the stated range. In some embodiments, the spring may comprise between about 10mm²To about 20mm²Cross-sectional area therebetween. In other embodiments, the spring may comprise the following cross-sectional areas: greater than about 3mm²Greater than about 5mm²Greater than about 7mm²Greater than about 10mm²Greater than about 15mm²Greater than about 17mm²Greater than about 20mm²Greater than about 25mm²Greater than about 30mm²Greater than about 35mm²Greater than about 40mm²Greater than about 45mm²And/or is smallAt about 50mm²Less than about 45mm²Less than about 40mm²Less than about 35mm²Less than about 30mm²Less than about 25mm²Less than about 20mm²Less than about 15mm²Less than about 12mm²Less than about 10mm²Less than about 7mm²Less than about 5mm²Or within any range of values disclosed. It is noteworthy, however, that if the cross-sectional area of the springs 280 and 290 is too large, the force sensor 60 will tend to bend rather than pivot.

The springs 280 and 290 may be configured to affect the response force. One example of affecting the response force would be to vary the cross-sectional area of the springs 280 and/or 290. Other examples of influencing the response force include material selection, spring length. The length of the springs 280 and/or 290 is discussed in detail with respect to fig. 4B and 4C.

Referring to fig. 4A and 4B, in some embodiments, the force sensor 60 may then be attached to the springs 280 and 290. In such embodiments, the spring 280 may be configured such that the first surface 460A of the force sensor 60 engages the first engagement surface 280A of the spring 280 such that the first surface 460A does not rotate relative to the first engagement surface 280A. Similarly, the spring 290 may be configured such that the second surface 460B does not rotate relative to the first engagement surface 290A of the spring 290.

For example, the first engagement surface 280A may include a detent that engages a complementary recess on the first surface 460A. For example, the first engagement surface 280A may include a complementary notch that engages a detent included with the first surface 460A. As another example, both the first engagement surface 280A and the first engagement surface 460A can include a detent and a notch, and be configured such that the detent of the first surface 460A engages the notch of the first engagement surface 280A and the detent of the first engagement surface 280A engages the notch of the first surface 460A. The second surface 460B and the first engagement surface 290A may be similarly configured. Embodiments are contemplated in which a plurality of detents and complementary recesses are utilized on the first surface 460A, the second surface 460B, and/or the first engagement surfaces 280A and 290A.

Referring to fig. 4A and 4C, as previously described, the force sensor 60 may be integrally formed with the springs 280 and/or 290. In such embodiments, the springs 280 and/or 290 may be configured such that the first inwardly facing surface 30A of the first portion 30 engages the second engagement surface 280B of the spring 280 such that the first inwardly facing surface 30A does not rotate relative to the second engagement surface 280B. Similarly, the spring 290 may be configured such that the second inwardly facing surface 40A does not rotate relative to the second engagement surface 290B of the spring 290. The detents and recesses described above may be utilized in order to eliminate or at least reduce the possibility of rotation. As previously described, the length of the springs 280 and/or 290 may affect the response force provided by the springs 280 and/or 290. As shown in fig. 4B and 4C, the length 1580 of the spring 280 is defined by the distance between the first engagement surface 280A and the second engagement surface 280B. The length 1580 of the spring 280 may be affected by the material selected for the spring. Additional factors include aesthetics and the user's grip. The length 1580 may be any suitable length. In some embodiments, the length 1580 may be greater than about 1mm, greater than about 1.5mm, greater than about 2.0mm, greater than about 2.5mm, greater than about 3mm, greater than about 3.5mm, greater than about 4.0mm, greater than about 4.5mm, greater than about 5.0mm, greater than about 5.5mm, greater than about 6mm, greater than about 6.5mm, greater than about 7.0mm, greater than about 7.5mm, and/or equal to about 8.0mm, less than about 7.5mm, less than about 7.0mm, less than about 6.5mm, less than about 6.0mm, less than about 5.5mm, less than about 5.0mm, less than about 4.5mm, less than about 4.0mm, or less than about 3.5mm, less than about 3mm, less than about 2.5mm, less than about 2.0mm, less than about 1.5mm, or any single value or range within the stated values. The spring 290 may be similarly constructed.

Referring to fig. 5A, the output source 250 may include a first visual cue 252 and a second visual cue 254. The first and second visual cues 252, 254 may be different from each other. For example, the first visual cue 252 may comprise a first color and the second visual cue 254 may comprise a second color. The first color may indicate to the user that the proper amount of brushing force is being applied, while the second color may indicate to the user that an excessive amount of force is being applied. The toothbrush 10 of the present invention can be configured to provide any suitable number of indications to a user for one or more conditions. Such indications and conditions are discussed later.

It has been found that with respect to toothbrushes, consumers tend to dislike the large amount of movement in the head area of the toothbrush. In particular, consumers tend to dislike excessive movement of the toothbrush head in a plane generally perpendicular to the pivot axis 580. Referring to fig. 5B, 5C, and 5D, the movement of the head in this plane can be determined by measuring a straight line distance 1089 between the rest plane 1061 and the force application plane 1063, where the straight line 1089 is orthogonal to the rest plane 1061 and tangent to the brush head 14 at the intersection 1071.

The resting plane 1061 extends through the pivot axis 580 and through an intersection 1071 between a side 1073 (which includes the proximal end 270) and a first face 1075 of the brush head 14. Where the intersection 1071 includes a rounded edge, the intersection between the side 1073 and the first surface 1075 will bisect the rounded edge. The resting plane 1061 is referenced when there is no load on the contact element 20.

Similar to the rest plane 1061, the force plane 1063 extends through the pivot axis 580 and through the intersection 1071. The force plane 1063 is referenced in the presence of a predetermined applied load 1090 applied to the cleaning element 20. The predetermined applied load 1090 is 5 newtons.

In some embodiments, linear distance 1089 may be less than about 6mm, less than about 5mm, less than about 4mm, less than about 3mm, less than about 2mm, less than about 1mm and/or greater than about 1mm, greater than about 2mm, or any single value within the provided ranges.

At least one advantage of using a torsion bar is that the springs 280 and 290 (shown in FIG. 2) may be well suited to resist movement in undesired directions. For example, movement of the toothbrush head in a direction other than movement in a plane perpendicular to the pivot axis 580 is undesirable. Such undesired movement may cause a toothbrush indication to be misinformed to the user. False positives occur when an indication is provided to the user that the brushing force is too high, when in fact the brushing force is not too high. Furthermore, such undesired motion may cause the toothbrush to incorrectly detect the applied brushing force. For example, such undesirable motion may cause a mismatch in the internal system, such that the toothbrush does not provide an indication to the user even if too high a brushing force is applied. Furthermore, consumers tend to dislike such undesirable movements, as such movements can cause a feeling of loss of control.

Also variations in manufacturing tolerances, in particular non-unitary constructions can make pressure sensing toothbrushes susceptible to undesired motion and thus increase the likelihood of incorrectly detecting an applied brushing force. Also, brushes constructed according to the present disclosure disclosed herein may be less susceptible to undesired motion, which may reduce the likelihood of incorrectly detecting an applied brushing force.

Referring to fig. 5A, to achieve a reduced linear distance 1089 (see fig. 5D), variables such as a first distance 520 defined by the maximum linear distance between proximal end 270 of force sensor 60 and pivot axis 580 and a second distance 524 defined by the maximum linear distance between distal end 260 and pivot axis 580 are important. To accommodate consumer demand, the first distance 520 may be shorter than the second distance 524. For example, the first distance 520 may be less than about 90% of the second distance 524, less than about 80%, less than about 70%, less than about 60%, less than about 50%, less than about 40%, less than about 30%, less than about 20%, less than about 10%, and/or greater than about 10%, greater than about 20%, greater than about 30%, greater than about 40%, greater than about 50%, greater than about 60%, greater than about 70%, greater than about 80%, and/or any range or single value disclosed within the percentages provided. When first distance 520 and second distance 524 are properly configured, a minimal amount of movement in the head may result in a much greater movement proximate distal end 260 of force sensor 60.

In some embodiments, toothbrushes constructed in accordance with the present invention can include electrically powered elements for providing an indication to a user. For example, toothbrushes according to the present invention can include LEDs that provide a signal to a user regarding a particular condition. As shown in fig. 6A and 6B, toothbrush 610 may include an output source 650 having an LED. The toothbrush 610 may include a handle region 612, a head 514, and a neck 516 extending between the handle region 612 and the head 514. As shown, the force sensor 660 can include a head 514, a neck 516, and a distal end portion 545 disposed within the hollow cavity of the handle region 612.

The hollow cavity of the handle region 612 may be suitably sized such that the component carrier 681 may be inserted into the hollow cavity. The sub-carrier 681 can include a plurality of electrical contacts, such as 694, 696, and 698, and one or more power sources 691, such as batteries. An end cap 692 may be connected to the handle region 612 to enclose the sub-carrier 681 within the hollow cavity. The end cap 692 may engage the sub-carrier 681 such that one or more electrical contacts, such as 698, engage the power supply 690 when the end cap 692 is connected to the handle region 612.

Further, as shown, the front cover 675 may cover the hollow cavity of the handle region 612 adjacent the neck 516. The front cover 675 may reduce the likelihood of water and/or other contaminants entering the hollow cavity. For a toothbrush 610 with electronics, water and/or contaminants may cause an electrical short circuit, which in turn may interfere with the functionality of the output source 650.

Any suitable material may be used for front cover 675. Some examples of suitable materials include thermoplastic elastomers, silicones, nitrile butadiene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, and the like. Further, the front cover 675 may be secured to the handle region 612 in any suitable manner, such as by overmolding. In some embodiments, the handle region 612 and the front cover 675 may overlap to some extent to help reduce the likelihood of contaminants entering between the seam of the front cover 675 and the handle region 612. In some embodiments, the material of the front cover 675 may also extend along a portion or portions of the handle region 612 to provide a gripping surface.

As shown in fig. 7, the force sensor 660 may be attached to the handle region 612 by springs 680 and 690. In some embodiments, the force sensor 660 may be integrally formed with the springs 680 and 690. In such embodiments, the springs 680 and 690 are then attached to the wall 721 of the handle region 612. In some embodiments, the force sensor 660, the springs 680 and/or 690, and the handle region 612 are all integrally formed. In some embodiments, the springs 680 and/or 690 may be integrally formed with the handle region 612 and then the force sensors 660 may be attached to the springs 680 and/or 690. Where useful, the springs 680, 690, force sensor 660 and/or wall 721 may be provided with detents and complementary recesses as described above. The springs 680 and/or 690 may be configured as described herein with respect to the springs 280 and 290. For example, the springs 680 and/or 690 may include torsion bars.

Referring to fig. 8A, force sensor 660 may be constructed similarly to force sensor 60 (shown in fig. 5). That is, the first portion 661 of the force sensor 660 including the head 514 may include a first distance 820 defined by a maximum linear distance between the proximal end 870 and the pivot axis 880 of the force sensor 660, and the second portion 662 of the force sensor 660 may include a second distance 824 defined by a maximum linear distance between the pivot axis 880 and the distal end 860 of the force sensor 660. First distance 820 may be shorter than second distance 824 by the same percentage discussed herein with respect to first distance 520 and second distance 524.

In operation, a force 875 is applied to the cleaning elements 620 on the head 514 of the toothbrush 610. If the force 875 is at an appropriate level that does not exceed the predetermined value, the distal end 860 of the force sensor 660 does not move to such an extent that the contacts 694 and 696 are closed. However, if the force 875 is deemed too high, the force sensor 660 may pivot about the pivot axis 880 to such an extent that the contacts 694 and 696 close, completing the electrical circuit. Once the circuit is completed, energy may be sent to the output source 650, thereby energizing the output source 650.

The contacts 696 along with the springs 680 and/or 690 may provide suitable resistance such that a suitable brushing force 875 does not cause the contacts 694 and 696 to close. However, embodiments are contemplated in which the contacts 696 are designed to provide all of the resistance of the force sensor 660 such that a properly applied brushing force 875 does not cause the contacts 696 and 694 to close, thereby energizing the circuit. In these embodiments, the springs 680 and 690 may not provide resistance to movement of the force sensor 660 relative to the handle region 612. Also, in these embodiments, the force sensor 660 may be produced separately from the handle region 612 and subsequently attached to the handle region 612.

Several variables of stylus 696 may affect the resistance that stylus 696 provides to the movement of force sensor 660. For example, material selection, cross-sectional area, width, thickness, free length, etc., or combinations thereof, may affect the resistance provided by the contact 696. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the contact 696 may provide more fine tuning of the force response of the force sensor than the configuration of the spring discussed above.

As shown in fig. 8B, the contact 696 may be a separate component comprising a conductive material. Any suitable conductive material may be utilized. For example, steel, copper, aluminum, brass, tin, or the like, or combinations thereof, may be used for one or more of the contacts 694, 696, and/or 698. However, embodiments are contemplated in which one or more of the electrical contacts are formed from an electrically conductive, non-metallic material.

The term "electrically conductive non-metallic material" as used herein includes materials comprising one or more non-metals and one or more metals, such as polymer compositions comprising metal particles. Typically such compounds are made by mixing solid conductive particles (e.g., carbon black, stainless steel fibers, silver or aluminum flakes or nickel coated fibers) with electrically insulating bulk thermoplastics (e.g., polystyrene, polyolefin, nylon, polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), etc.).

Recently, there has been increasing interest in replacing carbon black or metal particle-filled compounds of the above type with polymers that are inherently conductive and their blends with common insulating polymers (including but not limited to polyaniline). Polyaniline (or PANI for short) and its synthesis and preparation of the conductive morphology of the polymer (e.g., salt complexes obtained by contacting polyaniline with protonic acids) have been described in the prior art. Furthermore, conductive polymers are known and used in industrial production, in particular in the manufacture of electronic component parts. Some examples of conductive polymer compositions are shown in U.S. patent publication 5,256,335; 5,281,363, respectively; 5,378,403, respectively; 5,662,833, respectively; 5,958,303, respectively; 6,030,550, respectively; and 6,149,840. Additional conductive polymer compositions are described in U.S. patent publications 5,866,043 and 6,685,854. As used herein, the term "conductive non-metallic material" also includes these types of compositions.

Another conductive substrate suitable for use in the present invention is described in U.S. patent publications 6,291,568, 6,495,069 and 6,646,540. The substrate has a first level of electrical conductance when at rest or inactive and a second level of electrical conductance due to stress changes (i.e., mechanical or electrical stress). The mechanical stress may comprise tension and/or compression. The substrate comprises a composition in particulate form, each particle of which comprises at least one substantially non-conductive polymer and at least one conductive filler. The conductive filler may be one or more metals, other conductive or semiconductive elements, and oxides or semiconductive inorganic or organic polymers that are conductive in nature. The particles are typically at most 1mm and the particle (conductor) to polymer volume ratio is suitably at least 3: 1. Other substrates that are expected to conduct electricity when compressed are also suitable for use in the present invention.

In such embodiments where contact 696 includes a conductive, non-metallic material, contact 696 may be integrally formed with sub-carrier 681. However, in such embodiments, care should be taken to ensure that the remaining contacts 694 and 692 are isolated from any conductive portions of sub-carrier 681 to reduce the likelihood of a circuit short.

As shown in fig. 9, force sensor 960 may comprise a conductive, non-metallic material. In such embodiments, the contacts 696 (shown in fig. 7, 8A, and 8B) may not be needed. For example, during periods of non-use, force sensor 960 may be non-conductive; however, during use, if a predetermined mechanical stress or higher is applied, force sensor 960 may become conductive. As another example, force sensor 960 may be non-conductive during appropriate forces during brushing, but force sensor 960 may become conductive during application of high applied brushing forces.

Referring back to fig. 6A, 6B, 7, 8A, and 8B, the output source 650 may be in electrical communication with the force sensor 660 and provide an output signal to the user when the user applies excessive force. However, embodiments are contemplated in which the toothbrush 610 provides an output signal to the user corresponding to (1) too little force being applied, and/or (2) sufficient force being applied during their oral hygiene routine. Any suitable output signal may be provided to the user. Some suitable examples of output signals include vibration (touch), audio, video, etc., or combinations thereof. For example, where the output signal is vibration, the output source 650 may comprise a motor that rotates an eccentric weight. As another example, where the output signal is audio, the output source 650 may include a horn, a piezoelectric audio indicator, a magnetic field audio indicator, an audio sensor, a speaker, a buzzer, and/or the like.

Any suitable number may be provided for the visual cues provided to the user. For example, a plurality of visual cues may be provided to the user. Visual cues or other signals/indications may be provided to the user for many different situations. For example, the output source 650 may be configured such that the user provides only a single signal corresponding to one of the following conditions: (1) too little force is being applied; (2) excessive force is being applied; or (3) a sufficient force is being applied. As another example, the output source 650 may be configured such that the user may provide two signals selected from: (1) too little force is being applied; (2) excessive force is being applied; and/or (3) a sufficient force is being applied. As another example, the output source 650 may be configured such that the user is provided with two signals, which may include issuing the following conditions: (1) excessive force being exerted in a range above sufficient force; and (2) is exerting a much higher force (much higher than the appropriate force). As another example, the output source 650 may be configured to provide more than two signals to the user. In such embodiments, the output source 650 may be configured to provide a signal to the user regarding each of the following conditions: (1) too little force is being applied; (2) excessive force is being applied; and/or (3) a sufficient force is being applied. As another example, the output source 650 may be configured such that the user is provided with more than two signals, which may include signaling for: (1) excessive force being exerted in a range above sufficient force; and (2) is exerting a much higher force (much higher than the appropriate force) and/or (3) is exerting a sufficient force. Other contemplated conditions that may provide a signal to the user include a limit for sufficient force. For example, the user may be signaled at the high and low ends of a sufficient force range. In such instances, the user may be signaled at the lower end of the sufficient force range and/or at the upper end of the sufficient force range. In this regard, a sufficient force range may be created to allow a user some flexibility.

As described above, signal combining can be used for any combination of conditions. For example, to indicate to the user that too little force is being applied, a first signal is audible, while a second signal indicating too much force is visible. Any suitable combination of signals may be utilized. As another example, to indicate to the user that too little force is being applied, the first signal is visible and includes a first color, while the second signal indicating too much force may be a second color that contrasts with the first color. Any suitable color may be utilized, such as red, green, yellow, blue, violet, and the like, or combinations thereof. Such signal combinations may also be applied where the output source 650 is configured to provide for sufficient force and/or its upper and lower values.

When attempting to evaluate the above conditions, several factors may be taken into account. E.g., mouthfeel, cleaning efficacy, etc. For example, in terms of mouthfeel, oral care implements that include extremely soft cleaning elements can generally provide a comfortable mouthfeel for a user at higher forces than those oral care implements having harder cleaning elements. As another example, cleaning elements comprising elastomeric materials are more comfortable for the user and thus may allow higher forces to be applied during brushing while still being within the user's comfort level. Regarding efficacy, when compared to cleaning elements having smooth surface features, such as disclosed in U.S. patent publication 5,722,106; 5,836,769, respectively; 6,058,541, respectively; 6,018,840; U.S. patent application publication 2006/0080794; 2006/0272112, respectively; and 2007/0251040 may require lower forces during brushing to provide adequate cleaning/plaque removal.

Another consideration that may be taken into account includes clinical safety. For example, the force to provide a good mouth feel to the consumer can result in gum irritation, gum dentin, and/or enamel erosion.

Several variables can influence the above considerations, such as taste, cleaning efficacy, clinical safety. For example, a user may apply a particular brushing force when using an electric toothbrush and a different force when using a manual toothbrush. As another example, the length of the cleaning element, the cross-sectional shape of the cleaning element, such as diameter, bending characteristics, and the like. As numerous variables, consumer tests, clinical trials or robotic tests that may affect the above considerations may be used to empirically determine values for the following conditions: (1) too little force is being applied; (2) excessive force is being applied; and/or (3) is exerting sufficient force; (4) the low end of the range of sufficient force being applied; and/or (5) is applying the high end of a sufficient force range that may still provide a pleasant mouth feel, cleaning efficacy, and clinical safety.

With respect to appropriate values for the upper end of the sufficient force margin for a particular brushing and/or appropriate values for the lower end of the sufficient force margin for a particular brushing, consumer testing and/or clinical testing may provide some identifying force. Generally, the consumer will try a particular toothbrush and can apply a prescribed force while brushing. After brushing, the consumer can be asked to provide feedback regarding the sensation of brushing within the mouth. In addition, plaque scanning of the consumer's mouth can be performed prior to brushing and subsequently after brushing. Comparisons can be made between before and after brushing to determine efficacy at a particular force. In addition, clinical testing may be performed on the upper end of the range of sufficient force to determine if gum irritation, gum recession, and/or enamel erosion occurred at this value.

Similarly, robotic testing can be used to determine the efficacy of a particular brushing regimen at a given force. Generally, in robotic testing, a toothbrush is manipulated by a robotic arm that moves the toothbrush in a brushing motion along the teeth of an oral cavity model. Generally, model teeth are covered with synthetic plaque, well known in the art. The robotic arm may apply a predetermined force to the toothbrush during the simulation. After the simulation, plaque analysis before and after brushing can be compared. Cleaning/efficacy can be determined from both anterior and posterior plaque analysis. By repeating, the lower limit of the range of sufficient force for any cleaning element/massage element configuration may be determined.

Each of the consumer test, clinical trial, and robotic test may provide useful information on the magnitude of the forces associated with the following conditions: (1) too little force is being applied; (2) excessive force is being applied; and/or (3) is exerting sufficient force; (4) the lower end of the range of sufficient force being applied; and/or (5) are applying the upper end of a sufficient range of forces, they may still provide a comfortable mouth feel as well as cleaning efficacy.

In some embodiments, the value of the excessive applied brushing force may be greater than or equal to about 1 newton, 1.25 newtons, 1.5 newtons, 1.75 newtons, 2.00 newtons, 2.10 newtons, 2.20 newtons, 2.30 newtons, 2.40 newtons, 2.50 newtons, 2.60 newtons, 2.75 newtons, 2.85 newtons, greater than or equal to about 3.00 newtons, greater than or equal to about 3.50 newtons, greater than or equal to about 3.75 newtons, greater than or equal to about 4.00 newtons, greater than or equal to about 4.25 newtons, greater than or equal to about 4.50 newtons, greater than or equal to about 4.75 newtons, greater than or equal to about 5.00 newtons, greater than or equal to about 5.25 newtons, greater than or equal to about 5.50 newtons, greater than or equal to about 5.75 newtons, or greater than or equal to about 6.00 newtons. In some embodiments, the value of too little force being applied may be less than or equal to about 5.00 newtons, about 4.75 newtons, about 4.5 newtons, about 4.25 newtons, about 4.00 newtons, about 3.75 newtons, about 3.5 newtons, about 3.25 newtons, about 3.00 newtons, about 2.75 newtons, about 2.50 newtons, about 2.25 newtons, about 2.00 newtons, about 1.75 newtons, about 1.50 newtons, about 1.25 newtons, about 1.00 newtons, about 0.75 newtons, or about 0.50 newtons. In some embodiments, the values for the lower end of the sufficient force range, the upper end of the sufficient force range, and/or the sufficient force range may be selected from any of the values provided above for the excessive force and/or the insufficient force condition.

The signal provided to the user may be constant, for example, providing a signal to the user throughout a routine brushing session. Alternatively, the signal provided to the user may be provided at the end of a routine brushing. For example, where the user applies too high a force during a substantial portion of the routine brushing, the signal provided to the user may flash red or display a red visible signal for a predetermined period of time. As another example, where the user applies too low a force for a majority of the routine brushing, the signal provided to the user may flash yellow or display a yellow visual signal for a predetermined period of time. As another example, where the user applies sufficient force during a majority of the routine brushing, the signal provided to the user may flash green or display a green visible signal for a predetermined period of time.

In other embodiments, the signal may be provided to the user intermittently during routine brushing. For example, the signal may be provided to the user over a predetermined time interval. For example, the signal may be provided to the user every 20 seconds. Any suitable time interval may be selected. For example, the time interval between signals may be greater than about 0.1 second, greater than about 0.2 second, greater than about 0.3 second, greater than about 0.4 second, greater than about 0.5 second, greater than about 0.6 second, greater than about 0.7 second, greater than about 0.8 second, greater than about 0.9 second, greater than about 1 second, greater than about 2 seconds, greater than about 3 seconds, greater than about 4 seconds, greater than about 5 seconds, greater than about 6 seconds, greater than about 10 seconds, greater than about 15 seconds, greater than about 20 seconds, greater than about 25 seconds, greater than about 30 seconds, greater than about 40 seconds, greater than about 50 seconds, greater than about 60 seconds, and/or less than about 60 seconds, less than about 50 seconds, less than about 40 seconds, less than about 30 seconds, less than about 25 seconds, less than about 20 seconds, less than about 15 seconds, less than about 10 seconds, less than about 5 seconds, less than about 4 seconds, less than about 3 seconds, less than about 2 seconds, less than about 1.5 seconds, less than about 1.9 seconds, less than about 0.8 seconds, less than about 0.6 seconds, less than about 0.5 seconds, less than about 0.4 seconds, less than about 0.2 seconds, or less than about 0.1 seconds.

Still referring to fig. 6A and 6B, the toothbrush 610 of the present invention may further include a processor. The processor may be in signal communication with the force sensor 660 and the output source 650. The processor may be used to record the user's performance during routine brushing. For example, the user may brush their teeth for a predetermined period of time, such as two minutes, after which the processor may cause the output source 650 to provide a signal to the user indicating that sufficient force was applied for the duration of the two minute period. As another example, the processor may cause the output source 650 to provide a signal to the user indicating that sufficient force is being applied for about half of a two minute period. As another example, the processor may cause the output source 650 to provide a signal to the user indicating that the greater force is applied for all and/or more than 50% of the two minute period. As another example, the processor may cause the output source 650 to provide a signal to the user indicating that the lesser force was applied for all and/or more than 50% of the two minute period. The signals provided to the user may include those described herein above.

Further, the processor may be configured to exclude force peaks from the indication. In such embodiments, the processor may function as a buffer for the output source 650 by establishing a time delay between the occurrence of the condition and the signal provided by the output source 650. For example, the processor may be configured to include a five second time delay such that an excessive brushing force applied must remain excessive for at least five seconds before the processor causes the output source 650 to provide a signal to the user. Configured in this manner, the processor may filter the input from the force sensor 660 such that the output source 650 does not cause multiple flashing signals to be issued to the user. The time delay may be any suitable delay. For example, in some embodiments, the time delay may be less than about 10 seconds, less than about 9 seconds, less than about 8 seconds, less than about 7 seconds, less than about 6 seconds, less than about 5 seconds, less than about 4 seconds, less than about 3 seconds, less than about 2 seconds, less than about 1 second, less than about 0.75 seconds, less than about 0.5 seconds, less than about 0.25 seconds, less than about 0.10 seconds.

Other suitable mechanisms for reducing and/or eliminating force spikes may be utilized. For example, in some embodiments, at least a first stage of a low pass filter may be utilized. In such embodiments, the low pass filter may prevent force peaks from passing to the output source 650 due to the high frequency of the force peaks. As another example, the processor may be programmed to include a digital filter that eliminates force peaks resulting in a signal output. Force spike filtering is further described in U.S. patent publication 7120960.

The time intervals between signals are discussed previously. In some embodiments, the processor may be configured to adjust the time interval between signals provided to the user during a particular routine brushing or a series of routine brushing. For example, during a first brushing routine, if the user alternates between too much force and/or too little force, the interval between signals provided to the user may be at a first time interval. However, if the user also provides a force that is predetermined to be within a sufficient force range during the first brushing routine, the signal provided to the user may be at a second time interval. In such embodiments, the first time interval may be less than the second time interval, thereby providing more feedback to the user. In some embodiments, the time interval may be switched such that the user is provided more feedback for forces within a predetermined sufficient force range.

As described above, the processor may similarly adjust the time interval between signals provided to the user during a series of routine brushings. For example, during the first brushing routine, the user may apply too much force and/or too little force for a majority of the first brushing routine. During the first brushing routine, the time interval between signals may be at a first time interval. The processor may be configured to process data regarding the application of force during the first brushing routine and adjust the time interval for the next brushing routine. For example, for the second routine scrub, the processor may adjust the time interval between signals to a second time interval during the second routine scrub based on the data of the first routine scrub. The second time interval may be less than the first time interval so that the user may be provided more feedback during the second routine brushing. If during the second routine brushing, the user applies a force within a sufficient force range for a majority of the period of the second routine brushing, the processor may adjust the time interval between signals for the third routine brushing. For example, the time interval between signals for the third routine brushing may be less than the second time interval. However, if during the second time interval, the user applies too high and/or too low a force for a majority of the period of the second routine brushing for a majority of the second routine brushing, the processor may adjust the time interval between signals for the third routine brushing to be less than the second time interval so that the user may be provided with even more feedback than in the second routine brushing. In some embodiments, the processor may be configured to provide more feedback regarding the force within the sufficient force range at increasing and/or decreasing time intervals.

The output source 650 may include a plurality of visual components such as LEDs. For example, as described above, the visual output signal may include a series of light sources, which may form a histogram. The use of at least one light source and/or a plurality of light sources to provide feedback to a user is discussed in more detail in U.S. patent publication 7,120,960 and PCT patent application serial No. IB2010/051194 entitled "electric tooth brush and method of manufacturing and electric tooth brush", filed 3/18 2010.

For an output signal comprising a visual signal, for example, the positioning of the light source may be at any suitable location. Referring to fig. 6A, some examples of suitable locations include on the handle region 612; between the neck 616 and the handle region 612. Although the light source may be placed on the handle region 612, there is a tendency for the light source to impede the user's view due to the user's hand. To facilitate user viewing, a region 557 overlapping the neck 616 and handle 612 may be particularly advantageous for light source placement. The region 557 can be disposed on a rear side surface of the toothbrush 610.

Furthermore, the light source may be selected such that the light source has a wide dispersion angle. The light source may be positioned on the toothbrush such that light emitted by the light source is in the line of sight of the user. In some embodiments, the light source may be positioned such that light emitted by the light source shines on the face of the user. For example, light from the light source may illuminate the user's face when activated. This lighting on the user's face may facilitate viewing by the user even when the mirror is not present. In such embodiments, the light source may be positioned asymmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the toothbrush 10. In such embodiments, the light source may be positioned at an angle toward the face of the user.

The output source 650 may be provided on the toothbrush 610 at any suitable location, such as the handle 612, neck 616, and/or head 614. For example, the output source 650 can be disposed inside the toothbrush 10; disposed on the surface of toothbrush 10; or partially disposed inside toothbrush 10 and partially disposed outside toothbrush 10.

In some embodiments, the output source 650 may include an external display in signal communication with the toothbrush 610. In such embodiments, the external display and the toothbrush 610 may communicate with each other by any suitable means. Some suitable examples of communication between a personal hygiene device, such as a toothbrush, and an external display are described in the following patents: U.S. patent application serial No. 61/176,618, entitled "persinocalcasesystems, producs, ands", filed on 8.5.2009; 61/180,617 entitled "PERSONALCASERSYSTEMS, PRODUCTS, ANDMETHDS" filed 5/22/2009; and U.S. patent application publication 2008/0109973. In such embodiments, the signals discussed herein may be provided to the user through an external display.

The force sensors 60, 660, and 960 may be formed from a variety of suitable materials. Materials suitable for force sensor 960 are discussed above. For the force sensors 60 and 660, the materials for these force sensors should be selected such that the force sensors 60 and 660 can withstand the forces applied during brushing, e.g., non-permanent deformation, minimal deflection (if any). Further, suitable materials may be non-corrosive and rigid. Some suitable examples of materials that may be used for the force sensors 60 and 660 include stainless steel, aluminized steel, high density plastic, and the like, and/or combinations thereof. Other examples of suitable materials include polypropylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyoxymethylene, polyamide, acrylonitrile styrene acrylic, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

In some embodiments, recycled and/or plant-derived plastics may be utilized. For example, PET may be utilized in some embodiments. The PET may be bio-based. For example, PET can include about 25% to about 75% by weight of a terephthalic acid component and about 20% to about 50% by weight of a diol component, wherein at least about 1% by weight of at least one of the terephthalic acid and/or diol components is derived from at least one bio-based material. Similarly, the terephthalic acid component can be derived from bio-based materials. Some examples of suitable biobased materials include, but are not limited to, corn, sugar cane, sugar beet, potato, starch, citrus fruits, woody plants, cellulosic lignin, vegetable oils, natural fibers, oily wood materials, and combinations thereof.

Some specific components of PET may be biobased. For example, monoethylene glycol and terephthalic acid may be made of bio-based materials. The composition of bio-based PET and its manufacture are described in U.S. patent application publications 20090246430a1 and 20100028512a 1.

In some embodiments, the toothbrush can include a replaceable head such as 14, 614 and/or neck 16, 616. Specifically, the head 14, 614 may be removable from the neck 16, 616, and/or the neck 16, 616 may be removable from the handle region 12, 612. Hereinafter, such replaceable elements will be referred to as "replacements" whether the head 14, 614 is removable from the neck 16, 616 or the neck 16, 616 is removable from the handle region 12, 612. In such embodiments, the processor may be programmed with a plurality of algorithms to establish predetermined values for the following forces for a number of different alternatives: (1) too high; (2) too low; (3) sufficient; (4) at the low end of the range of sufficient force, and/or (5) at the high end of the range of sufficient force. For example, if the high end of the sufficient force range for the first replacement is 3.00 newtons and the high end of the sufficient brushing force range for the second replacement is 3.50 newtons, the processor may be configured to identify a high end range value for the first replacement and a high end range value for the second replacement. Also, the processor can be programmed so that the output source 650 provides a signal to the user corresponding to a particular replacement. Some suitable examples of oral care implements capable of identifying particular alternatives are described in U.S. patent publication 7,086,111; 7,207,080, respectively; and 7,024,717.

Interconnectivity between the neck 16, 616 and handle region 12, 612 may be provided in any suitable manner. Some suitable embodiments are discussed with respect to U.S. patent publications 7,086,111, 7207080, and 7,024,717.

The toothbrush of the present invention may further comprise a timer. The timer may be located within the toothbrush or may be located within a remote display. The timer may be configured to automatically start, for example, with the application of brushing force. Independently or in conjunction with the application of brushing force, a timer may be activated by the movement of the toothbrush. In such embodiments, the toothbrush may include an accelerometer or other suitable device for measuring/monitoring the movement of the toothbrush. Such devices for monitoring/measuring toothbrush movement are described in U.S. patent application serial No. 61/116,327 entitled "persinol systems, producs, ands," filed on 20.11.2008. One example of a suitable timer is a 555 timer integrated circuit, which is commercially available from many electronics stores that sell integrated circuits.

The toothbrush of the present invention may also include a power source as previously described. The power source can be any suitable element that can power the toothbrush. Suitable examples include batteries. The battery can be sized to minimize the amount of real estate required within the toothbrush. For example, where the output source 650 consists of a light emitting element or a vibrating motor (for signaling to the user and not for vibrating the cleaning elements of the head and/or the motion of the head), the power source may be sized smaller, e.g., smaller than an AAA battery. In such embodiments, the vibration device may be smaller. The battery may be rechargeable or may be disposable. In addition, multiple batteries may be utilized. In some embodiments, the power source may include alternating current, as provided by a utility company to a residence. Other suitable power sources are described in U.S. patent application serial No. 12/102881 entitled "personal careproductsadmethods," filed on 15.4.2008.

In some embodiments, a user-operated switch may be provided that may allow the user to control when the pressure indication is initiated and the timer is initiated. A switch (as shown) may be in electrical communication with the power supply and output signal elements and/or the timer.

The handle region, e.g., 12, 612, may be constructed of any suitable material. Some examples include polypropylene, nylon, high density polyethylene, other moldable stabilizing polymers, and the like, and/or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the handle region 12, 612, neck 16, 616, and/or head 14, 614 may be formed from a first material and include notches, grooves for receiving a second material different from the first material. For example, the handle may include a resilient gripping member or a plurality of resilient gripping members. The elastomers in the plurality of resilient gripping members may be similar materials or may be different materials, such as color, hardness, combinations thereof, and the like.

The resilient gripping member of the handle may be used to at least partially overmold a portion of the timer, the output signal element, the processor, and/or the power source. In such embodiments, the components may be in electrical communication through circuitry that may resemble overmolding. The resilient gripping member may include a portion positioned for gripping by the palm of a user's hand and/or a portion positioned for gripping by the thumb and forefinger of a user. These resilient gripping members may be composed of the same material or may be composed of different materials, such as color, shape, composition, hardness, etc., and/or combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, the front cover 675 and/or the elastomeric gripping member can include visual textures or features that provide visual signals indicating the flexibility of the toothbrush sensor. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the front cover 675 can include wrinkles 1430. The wrinkles 1430 can provide the consumer with visual communication regarding the flexibility of the toothbrush. As shown, the front cover 675 can be configured to include an opening 1450 that can allow the output source 650 (shown in fig. 6A) to provide a visual signal to a consumer.

In some embodiments, the front cover 675 may be transparent and/or translucent. For example, the output source 650 may include a white LED and the front cover 675 may include a red translucent material. When the white LED is energized, the visual signal provided to the user may be a red visual cue.

The resilient gripping member of the handle may communicate with the groove, groove and/or recess in the neck through an outer groove, recess and/or through an inner groove, recess. In some embodiments, the resilient gripping member may communicate with the groove, and/or recess in the head through an inner groove, and/or recess and/or an outer groove, and/or recess. Alternatively, the gripping means of the handle may be a discrete element from the head and/or neck.

Further, as used herein, the term "cleaning element" is used to refer to any suitable element that can be inserted into the oral cavity. Some suitable elements include bristle tufts, elastomeric massage elements, elastomeric cleaning elements, massage elements, tongue scrapers, soft tissue cleaners, hard surface cleaners, combinations thereof, and the like. The head 14, 614 may include a variety of cleaning elements. For example, the head 14, 614 may include bristles, abrasive elastomeric elements, elastomeric elements in a particular orientation or arrangement, such as pivoting fins, prophy cups, and the like. Some suitable examples of elastomeric cleaning elements and/or massage elements are described in U.S. patent application publication 2007/0251040; 2004/0154112, respectively; 2006/0272112, respectively; and those described in U.S. patent nos. 6,553,604; 6,151,745. The cleaning elements may be sharpened, notched, crimped, dimpled, etc. Some suitable examples of such cleaning and/or massaging elements are described in U.S. patent nos. 6,151,745; 6,058,541, respectively; 5,268,005, respectively; 5,313,909, respectively; 4,802, 255; 6,018,840; 5,836,769, respectively; 5,722,106, respectively; 6,475,553; and U.S. patent application publication 2006/0080794.

The cleaning elements may be attached to the head 14, 614 in any suitable manner. Conventional methods include reticulation, free tufting of anchoring agents and injection molding of the tufts. For those cleaning elements that include an elastomer, these elements may be integrally formed with one another, e.g., having an integral base portion and extending outwardly therefrom.

The head may comprise a soft tissue cleanser constructed of any suitable material. Some examples of suitable materials include elastomeric materials; polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like; etc., and/or combinations thereof. The soft tissue cleaner may comprise any suitable soft tissue cleaning elements. Some examples of such elements on toothbrushes and the configuration of soft tissue cleaners are described in U.S. patent applications 2006/0010628; 2005/0166344, respectively; 2005/0210612, respectively; 2006/0195995, respectively; 2008/0189888, respectively; 2006/0052806, respectively; 2004/0255416, respectively; 2005/0000049, respectively; 2005/0038461, respectively; 2004/0134007, respectively; 2006/0026784, respectively; 20070049956, respectively; 2008/0244849, respectively; 2005/0000043, respectively; 2007/140959, respectively; and U.S. patent publication 5,980,542; 6,402,768, respectively; and 6,102,923.

For those embodiments that include an elastomeric element on a first side of the head and an elastomeric element on a second side of the head (opposite the first side), the elastomeric element may be integrally formed by a groove or slit extending through the material of the head. These grooves or slits may allow the elastomeric material to flow through the head during the injection molding process so that the elastomeric elements of both the first side and the second side may be molded in one injection molding step.

In such embodiments including a soft tissue cleanser, a consumer test, a robotic test, and/or a clinical test may be conducted such that a higher threshold of force and a lower threshold of force may be set to provide feedback to the user regarding the application of force to soft tissue, such as the tongue. For those embodiments that include a soft tissue cleanser, the toothbrush may include an accelerometer or other suitable device for monitoring the orientation of the toothbrush. In combination with the application of force, such as brushing force, the processor may determine whether the soft tissue cleaner is engaging or whether the cleaning elements are engaging. The signal or signals may be provided to the user as described herein. Providing feedback to the user regarding the application of force to the soft tissue may help the user prevent trauma to the soft tissue, such as the papilla, yet still achieve effective cleaning.

A test method for determining an applied force in which an indication occurs.

The test for determining the applied force in which the indication occurs requires an adjustable frame and load cell 1097 (shown in fig. 13). The force gauge used should be capable of providing a force reading (hundredths of a newton) accurate to at least two digits to the right of the decimal point. Suitable load cells are available from Lutron electronic Enterprise Co., Ltd and are available under the model FG-20 KG. Before testing, the load cell should be calibrated as recommended by the manufacturer or should be sent to the manufacturer for calibration.

As shown in fig. 10, the sample toothbrush 1000 is placed in a three point fixture 1050 on an adjustable frame. The three point fixture 1050 will secure the handle region 1012 of the toothbrush 1000 through the first 1002, second 1004, and third 1006 points. The points 1002, 1004, 1006 should be adjusted to prevent the handle region 1012 from moving during testing. Additionally, the toothbrush 1000 should be secured in the fixture 1050 such that the head 1014 (shown in FIG. 11) is substantially parallel to a horizontal surface.

The pull block 1020 is attached to the head 1014 of the toothbrush 1000 (shown in fig. 11 and covered by the pull block 1020 in fig. 10). The pull block 1020 should be made of a rigid material that can allow a force of 10-15 newtons to be applied to the head 1014 of the toothbrush 1000. As shown in fig. 11, pull block 1040 should engage top surface 2075 of the head. The cleaning element 1021 should not be positioned between the top surface 2075 and the pull block 1020. If desired, the cleaning element 1021, or a portion thereof, can be removed to allow the pull block 1020 to properly engage the top surface 2075 of the head 1014.

Pull block 1020 should be configured such that hook 1040 can extend from underside 2090 of pull block 1020. Hooks 1040 may be attached to pull block 1020 in any suitable manner. The hooks 1040 should be rigidly fixed to the pull block 1020 so that the hooks 1040 do not move during testing. The hooks 1040 should be positioned on the pull block 1020 such that a centerline 1041 of the hooks 1040 bisects the distance 1060 of the cleaning element 1021. Distance 1060 is the maximum linear distance between the cleaning elements that are the farthest from each other in the lateral direction.

As shown in fig. 12, the hooks 1040 should be positioned on the pull block 1020 such that the centerline 1041 bisects the distance 1070 of the cleaning element 1021. Distance 1070 is the maximum linear distance between the cleaning elements that are the furthest from each other in the longitudinal direction.

A load cell 1097 is suspended from the hook 1040 of the pull block 1040. The lower end (not shown) of the load cell 1097 should be secured to a horizontal surface of the head 1014 (shown in fig. 11) of the toothbrush that is substantially parallel thereto. The load cell 1097 is fixed to a horizontal surface such that the load cell is perpendicular to the horizontal surface. The adjustable frame is raised until the toothbrush 1000 provides an indication of the predetermined force. The reading on the load cell 1097 is recorded. The test was repeated five times on additional samples of the toothbrush 1000.

The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Rather, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, the disclosed dimension "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm".

Claims (14)

1. An oral hygiene implement comprising:

a handle region (12, 612, 1012), a head (14, 514, 614, 1014), and a neck (16, 516, 616) extending between the handle and the head, the head comprising a plurality of cleaning elements (20, 620, 1021) attached to the head, the handle comprising a first portion (30, 661) and a second portion (40, 662) and a force sensor (60, 660, 960) pivotally connected to the first portion and the second portion, and characterized in that the handle region forms a hollow cavity and the force sensor comprises the head, the neck, and a distal end portion (545) disposed within the hollow cavity of the handle region, wherein a portion of the force sensor is integrally formed with the first portion and/or the second portion, and the oral hygiene implement comprises an electrically powered element in electrical communication with the force sensor for providing an output signal to a user.

2. The oral hygiene implement of claim 1, characterized in that the force sensor is integrally formed with the first portion and the second portion.

3. The oral hygiene implement of any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force sensor is connected to the first part and/or the second part by a spring.

4. The oral hygiene implement of claim 3, characterized in that the spring is a torsion bar integrally formed with the force sensor.

5. The oral hygiene implement of claim 3, characterized in that the spring is a torsion bar integrally formed with the first portion and/or the second portion.

6. The oral hygiene implement of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the oral hygiene implement further comprises a spring attached to the force sensor and the first portion and a spring attached to the force sensor and the second portion, wherein the spring attached to the force sensor and the first portion, the spring attached to the force sensor and the second portion, the force sensor, the first portion, and the second portion are integrally formed.

7. The oral hygiene implement of claim 6, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the force sensor surrounds the spring attached to the force sensor and the first portion and the spring attached to the force sensor and the second portion.

8. The oral hygiene implement of any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force sensor comprises a proximal end (270, 870) and a distal end (260, 860), wherein the proximal end is disposed at the tip of the head, and wherein the distal end is opposite the proximal end, and wherein a first distance between the proximal end of the force sensor and a pivot axis (580, 880) is shorter than a second distance between the pivot axis and the distal end.

9. The oral hygiene implement of claim 8, characterized in that an output source (250, 850) is disposed adjacent a distal end of the second portion.

10. The oral hygiene implement of claim 9, characterized in that the output source comprises a first visual cue and a second visual cue, wherein the first visual cue provides an indication of an amount of force applied by a user.

11. The oral hygiene implement of claim 10, characterized in that the second visual cue provides an indication that the force applied by the user is too high.

12. The oral hygiene implement of claim 8, characterized in that the first distance is less than 90% of the second distance.

13. The oral hygiene implement of claim 8, characterized in that the first distance is greater than 30% of the second distance.

14. The oral hygiene implement in accordance with claim 9, wherein the output source comprises an LED.