HK1182995B - Compound body - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a process for the production of multilayered compounds with improved optical and physical-chemical surface properties and the multilayered compounds resulting from the process and their use, in particular as furniture film and for furniture.

The requirements for high gloss furniture surfaces are extensive and varied: in addition to the optical properties, the main role is played by the resistance to scratches and abrasion and resistance to certain chemicals. Increasingly, ecological requirements also arise: large areas are painted and this leads to environmental issues such as solvent emission of the paint, over-spray and the like. Based on these findings, it has been possible for many years to apply the coating of furniture facades by laminating surface dyed, scratch-resistant, highly adhesive films on thin layers, for example MDF (= high-density lacquer with high-density polymers) to polymer panels.

In addition, glass has also gained a good position as a material, which is printed with the preferred color on the back and then further processed. Printed glass panels combine both the optical properties of the co-extruded films and the physical properties that are applied to surfaces in the furniture sector in a very high mass. In particular, glass surfaces show outstanding properties in both the micro-scratch resistance measured according to prEN 16094 (issue standard 2009-11-1) and the chemical resistance measured according to DIN EN 12720 (as of July 2009). However, glass panels are known to have a high surface area and are very difficult to work.

WO 00/63015 A1 describes the use of a bonded film or plate for coating moulded parts, where this film consists of a substrate and a radiation hardened coating layer. Radiation hardening occurs after deep drawing of the film. The coating layer is transparent. A coloring intermediate layer may be inserted. Between the coating layer and the coloring intermediate layer there may be a layer of PMMA or other thermoplastics. The disadvantage of this film is that it is not hardened until after the processing step (thermoforms). Unhardened, i.e. hardened lacquer coatings are very sensitive to mechanical damage, but the coating layer is not sensitive to further lacquer and the coating layer is not hardened by the heat.

WO 2009/024310 A2 describes a coating that is cured or partially cured and at least partially applied to a substrate. The construction can be single- and multi-layered and consists of thermoplastics, including ABS and/or PMMA. The support has a thickness of 10 - 1500 μm. The coating thickness after full curing is 15 - 80 μm. Between the coating and the support layer there may be a colour or effect coating layer. It is described that the coating system on support films is also suitable for applications in furniture and that they have a tensile strength of 50 - 80% which can be stretched, stretched or coated.

WO 02/090109 A1 describes a multilayered furniture film which has certain elastic properties at elevated temperatures. Although this type of film has good surface properties, it is scratch-resistant due to its high tensile strength. These films are mainly processed by thermal deformation processes such as membrane pressing and have good bending and stretching properties. However, they have serious deficiencies in both the resistance to micro-cratching as measured by prEN 16094 (issuance standard 200911-1) and the resistance to chemicals as measured by DIN 68861-1 (issuance standard April 2001) and are classified in class A1 as grade 5.

A process whereby an in-line extrusion coat a substrate with at least one protective layer covering at least one single layer, whereby the protective layer is photochemically hardened by electromagnetic radiation, is described in WO 2011/012294 A1. The substrate layer is non-dyed and is produced by (Co) extrusion. The substrate shows a temperature of 60 to 90 °C when the protective layer is applied. The substrate may include PMMA, PC and PET.

WO 2005/042248 A1 describes a multilayer composite material with a PMMA coating on which a coating of paint is printed. The coating can be solvent based, UV curing or water based. The coating thickness is 1 - 50 μm, does not need to be applied fully and may contain dyes or matting agents. The composite material can be thermally deformed. Printed semi-finished products of this type offer the possibility of decorating surfaces, where the print can be fully surface and then partially re-wears by laser or engraving techniques.

The state of the art does not allow for a composite material which meets all the requirements for optical and mechanical properties, while being of low surface weight and high chemical resistance, in sufficient quantities to be durably used in the furniture industry, especially in areas with very high stress.

The present invention is therefore intended to provide a composite material which can be used as a substitute for paint and glass and which has the following characteristics: The micro-scratch resistance and chemical resistance should be very high compared to conventional composites.The surface should have good optical properties similar to glass.The composite should be halogen-free.The composite should be colour-free according to customer requirements.The composite should be deformable.The paint systems used must be solvent-free to meet the increasing environmental requirements.

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It has been found that such multilayer composites of the invention combine optical as well as mechanical, physical and physicochemical properties to meet the requirements of the furniture industry.

The initial task is also solved by a process for the production of a composite material, which is characterised by the application of a UV-curing solvent-free coating forming the coating layer on a UV-transparent transfer medium, whereby the UV-curing coating is pressed with the transfer medium onto the upper or lower intermediate layer and then hardened by irradiating the coating with UV radiation, whereby the UV radiation is carried by the UV-transparent transfer medium.

It may be preferable to provide for UV irradiation under simultaneous pressure.

Furthermore, it may be provided that the UV irradiation is carried out in several stages, at least the first being carried out by the carrier medium.

One variant provides for the application of a protective film to the roof layer after UV irradiation.

UV-transparent means a medium which has a transmission of UV radiation sufficient to allow the polymerisation of the UV-curable paint to take place. The choice of material depends on the wavelength required for the UV-curable paint to cure and on the amount of UV radiation required.

It has been shown that the optical properties of the UV transparent optically sound transmission medium are almost identical after the curing has been applied to the surface of the coating layer, so that the surface of the transmission medium prefers to have the optical properties (gloss and gloss veil) required.

The following are preferred designs and embodiments of the process and composite material of the invention.

Coating process

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The following are the characteristics of visual observation: wavelength, orange peel, hammer blow effect

To characterize optical phenomena such as gloss, gloss veil and waviness, methods have been developed for measuring surface structures by means of laser beams. These consist in determining the reflection changing when the textured surface is sensed.

The Wave Scan Device (Wave-Scan Dual® measuring device from BYK-Gardner GmbH, Lausitzer Straße 8, 82538 Geretsried) reproduces the visual observation and analyzes the surface structures in terms of their size. The procedure is described in detail in DE 103 39 227 A1, with reference to DE 41 27 215 A1 for better understanding. For the characterization of the Wave-Scan Dual® measuring device, reference is made to DE 10 2004 037 040 A1. The procedure conditions can be derived from the DE 103 39 227 A1 so that reference is made to this and the other two fonts and reference may be made to the different versions. Other Tabelle 1.: Klassifizierung der Wellenlängenbereiche zur optischen Oberflächenbeurteilung

	Wa	Wb	Wc	Wd	We
Wellenlänge [mm]	0,1- 0,3	0,3- 1,0	1,0- 3,0	3,0- 10	10- 30

Characterization of visual viewing: glow and haze

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Table 2 summarizes the results of the measurements of optical properties of glass as a starting point for the development of ABS-PMMA coextrudate, of various lacquered surfaces produced by the most common processes in the furniture industry and of composites of the invention.

As can be seen from Table 2, glass has excellent optical surface properties. This also applies to PMMA ABS, although with losses in gloss and gloss veil. Foils with lacquered surfaces according to the common coating methods (as in columns P4 to P9) show defects compared to glass or PMMA ABS. Tabelle 2.: Zusammenstellung der optischen Eigenschaften beschichteter Oberflächen im Möbelbereich.

Parameter	Glas	PMMA-ABS	Erfindungsgemäßer Auftrag mit UV Lack	Walzenauftrag mit 100%-UV-Lack	Walzenauftrag mit Lösemittel UV-Lack	Walzenauftrag mit Elektronenstrahlhärtung	Sprühlackieren	Fluten	Rakeln
P1	P2	P3	P4	P5	P6	P7	P8	P9
Wa	0,6	0,4	0,3	1,6	2,9	9,1	10,4	0,1	2,1
Wb	0,5	0,9	0,3	2,8	3,9	14,5	21	0,3	6,8
Wc	0,4	0,3	0,6	14,6	2,0	6,4	12,6	2,7	2,5
Wd	0,7	0,2	3,6	11,7	3,6	4,2	13,5	12,7	3,5
We	0,2	1,1	2,0	6,2	10,1	3,5	4,6	10,4	1,5
SW	0,3	0,5	0,2	2,7	2,7	15,8	13,5	2,9	5,2
LW	0,2	0,1	0,8	6,7	1,2	2,0	5,2	0,2	0,9
Glanz	97	82	86	46	81	78	85	78	75
Haze	0	3	8	19	28	25	20	90	26

Tabelle 2.: Zusammenstellung der optischen Eigenschaften beschichteter Oberflächen im Möbelbereich.

A custom system was therefore developed in which the solvent-free, UV-curing paint system is applied to a surface with optically perfect transfer medium, transparent to UV light up to 1600 mm wide, on which the optically perfect transfer medium is applied. This coated, UV-transparent, optically perfect transfer medium is then applied to the substrate (the co-extruded composite) with a certain pressure and immediately connected by UV-lasers, so that the paint curves to the cover layer. The UV-radiation is carried out by the UV-free surface, which is a narrow optical transmission medium. The UV-transfer medium, an optical transmission medium, is defined by UV-transfer media, which is in contact with the UV-particle of the coating system, which is converted into UV-transfer medium by the UV-transfer medium, which is in contact with the optical transmission medium, which is at the same time converted into UV-particle of the solvent-free surface of the coating system.

The first UV irradiation can be carried out during the application process of the coated, UV transparent medium to the substrate, but there is also the possibility of a second UV irradiation for retrofitting, in which case the UV after-irradiation can be carried out either through the UV transparent, optically sound transfer medium or after removal of the UV transparent, optically free transfer medium directly onto the previous coating. The two-sided embedding of the UV-cured coating system during the surface crosslinking phase of the surface structure of the substrate means that virtually no parallel reactions occur, for example with the air pressure, through which a high density transfer medium is passed on the surface of the UV-transparent medium.

It is intended that the UV-transparent optically sound transfer medium is removed from the coating (1) after curing, but may also remain on it as a surface protection. If the UV-transparent optically sound transfer medium is removed, it is also possible to apply a protective film to the interlocked coating to protect the surface for transport and further processing. Protective films of this type are usually made of polyethylene and may have an adhesive layer on the back.

Characterisation of the mechanical load capacity of the surface

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The test is evaluated using the method described in prEN 16094: 2010 under 8.2.1 method A, giving the mean value of the change in glare. Other Tabelle 3.: Resultate der Untersuchung zur Mikrokratzbeständigkeit nach prEN 16094: 2010

	Ermittelter Reflektometerwert bei einer Geometrie von 20° [GLE]
Probe	Ausgangszustand	Nach 80 Scheuerzyklen	Glanzänderung in %
1	83,4	67,3	19,3
2	92,2	90,1	2,3
3	80,5	71,0	11,8
4	97	96,5	0,5
5	80	0,6	99,3

Tabelle 3.: Resultate der Untersuchung zur Mikrokratzbeständigkeit nach prEN 16094: 2010

As can be seen from Table 3, the frames 2 and 3 of the invention are of a considerably better quality than the films commonly available on the market and are very close to glass.

Characterisation of the chemical resistance of the surface

Err1:Expecting ',' delimiter: line 1 column 177 (char 176) Tabelle 3: Prüfungsresultate zur Prüfung der Beständigkeit von Möbelfolien gegen Flüssigkeiten gem. DIN EN 12720:2009

	Probe 1	Probe 2	Probe 3	Probe 4
Medium	Aceton	Aceton	Aceton	Aceton
Prüfzeit	1 h	1 h	1 h	1 h
Einstufung	5	1	5	1

Tabelle 3: Prüfungsresultate zur Prüfung der Beständigkeit von Möbelfolien gegen Flüssigkeiten gem. DIN EN 12720:2009

The figures show the inventive layered structures. Figure 1 shows a layer structure with a top layer (1), an upper intermediate layer (2), a lower intermediate layer (3-1), a substrate layer (3) a back cover (3-2) and an adhesive layer (4).

Manufacture of the substrate

Substrate is a flat multilayer composite material comprising at least the second intermediate layer (3-1) and the substrate layer (3). It is produced by extrusion or co-extrusion. The composite materials of at least two layers according to the invention can be produced in a one-step process by means of adapter or jet co-extrusion. The materials of the different layers are made fluid by thermal action in each extruder and brought together in an adapter system or a multi-channel or a combination of both to the said multilayer substrate and cooled by the jet injection, through a glow calender.

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The coating is made by applying and hardening the paint according to the method of the invention to the substrate to represent the composite body according to the invention. For this purpose, 100% UV-visible paint is used as starting materials. In contrast to oil, dispersion and 2-component paints, 100% UV-fluid lacquer is not used.In addition to reactive groups such as acrylates (unsaturated polymers of acrylic acid), they may contain reactive diluents, photo-initiators, pigments, dyes, effect pigments and other additives. The use of UV additives (UV absorbers and UV stabilizers) in the range of 0,01 to 5% protects the materials and preparations used in the layers below from UV radiation, thereby significantly improving the colour stability and the consistency of the material properties when coated with UV light. Different widths of UV light can also be used to make the coating transparent or with nanoparticles or coatings that can be used to improve the colour.The cover layer is applied to the optional upper intermediate layer (2) or to the lower intermediate layer (3-1) in the method of the invention.

Optional upper intermediate layer (2)

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A high transparency of the upper layer (2) is advantageous, since the combination of the transparent top layer and the transparent layer (2) below it with the coloured substrate layer (3) gives a high depth effect similar to that of backpressed glass.

In the visible light range (380 nm to 780 nm), the spectral transmission of the thermoplastic material in one embodiment is at least 80% (preferably at least 85%) measured on colourless samples according to ISO 13468-2 (output level: 1999) at the layer thickness selected in the composite body. Of course, the thermoplastic material can also be a mixture of plastics. In the case that the thermoplastic material is a blend of plastics, this blend of plastics should show a spectral transmission of at least 80% measured on samples according to ISO 13468-2 (output level 1999) at the entire wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm.

The upper intermediate layer (2) may also be dyed, and UV additives may be required.The upper intermediate layer (2) is applied to the lower intermediate layer (3-1) in the coextrusion process.

Lower intermediate layer (3-1)

The lower interlayer (3-1) contains a thermoplastic polymer and may, for example, contain the same polymer as the substrate layer. In this case, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymers (ABS) are an example. One embodiment provides that the lower interlayer (3-1) contains glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG).

When PETG is used as a material for the further interlayer (3-1), a staining with a dye can be done, but the layer can also be unstained. UV additives can be added optionally. The lower interlayer (3-1) preferably does not contain any ground, recycled or regenerated material. Since the substrate (3) forms the staining layer and the requirements of the furniture industry regarding colour tolerance are very high, the addition of ground, recycled or regenerated material makes it significantly difficult to maintain the colours, the lower interlayer (3-1) serves to achieve the highest possible colour consistency. Therefore, it may be necessary to introduce polymers with all the UV-colour additives in the lower interlayer (3-1) to make the substrates suitable for use in the intermediate layer.

The much larger substrate (3) can be dyed at much lower concentrations or with less expensive dyes than the lower intermediate (3-1).

Substrate layer (3)

The substrate layer (3) represents the largest percentage of the multilayer composite. Thermoplastic polymers are used as materials. For the purposes of the invention, a thermoplastic material is a plastic that can be thermoplastically deformed in a certain temperature range. The thermoplastic deformability is a reversible process, so that the thermoplastic material can be repeated as many times as desired by cooling and heating to the deformable state.

Preferably, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene terpolymers (ABS), impact modified polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile styrene acrylisers (ASA), styrene copolymers, polyolefins such as polypropylene or polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or modified copolymers such as glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) may be used.

In addition, a blend of plastics may be available as a thermoplastic material or additional substances may be required to achieve desired properties, but in any case the thermoplastic used is essentially free of PVC.

The substrate layer may contain grinding, recycling or regenerate materials (e.g. from previous production steps or from the setting up of the extrusion equipment or the edge cutting), where appropriate; the substrate layer (3) may be dyed, the combination of dyes of various types is necessary to adjust the colour tones desired by the customer; and UV additives may be necessary.

Where the substrate is not composed of a single layer but of multiple layers, the design shall be such that a lower intermediate layer (3-1) may be located between the top layer (1) or the intermediate layer (2) and the substrate layer (3). This layer is preferably made of the same polymer as the substrate layer (3), especially in ABS. When using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or modified copolymers such as glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) as material, glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) is preferably used in the lower intermediate layer (3-1).

The maximum number of vehicles shall be:

On the opposite side of the cover (1) of the multilayer composite of the invention, an additional optional back cover (3-2) may be fitted, consisting essentially of the thermoplastic material described in substrate (3) but no grinding, recycling or regenerating material is added:

If the substrate layer (3) contains polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or modified copolymers such as glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG), the backing (3-2) is preferably and essentially glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG).

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If the backing (3-2) is made of polymer blends, the morphology given in the polymer alloy can also produce a matted backing layer which has the same positive effect on further processing as the addition of a matting agent.

If the adhesion of the multilayer compound according to the invention to the adhesive/primary layer (4) is insufficient, chemical adhesive agents can be added to the backing coating (3-2). This is especially applicable to substrate layers based on polyolefins, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers in polyethylene or polypropylene with maleic acid hydrides. In both cases, the added comonomers increase the polarity of the surface, resulting in improved adhesion.

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It has been shown that furniture films which are equipped with additives of this type are much less statically charged and thus attract dust to a much lesser extent. Dust on the furniture films is trapped between films and MDF (= medium density fibreboard) during the lamination process and leads to unsightly defects (hoppering) on the finished furniture panel.

Here again, the advantages of co-extrusion are used: the much bulkier substrate layer (3) does not need to be coated with the additives or dyes used in the optional backing coating (3-2).

The number of prisoners in the prison is not limited to the number of prisoners who are in the prison.

On the back of the substrate layer (3) or backing coating (3-2), an adhesive layer (4) is optionally applied. The surface is pre-treated by activation on behalf of the primary layer. This is done, for example, by corona treatment, flame, plasma treatment or fluoridation. On this activated surface, the primer/adhesive is now applied.

Colouring matter

Colouring agents are pigments, dyes or effect pigments.The combination of colouring agents of various kinds is necessary to be able to adjust the colour tones desired by the customers.

Unlike dyes, pigments are insoluble in the carrier medium. The carrier medium is the substance into which the pigment is incorporated, such as a paint or plastic.

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UV additives

UV additives can be added to prevent or delay effects of this type. Depending on the mode of action of these UV additives, UV absorbers and UV stabilizers are distinguished. UV absorbers cause an absorption of UV radiation, which passes through the polymer and converts into heat energy.

Examples of implementation

The invention is illustrated below by examples, for which the thermoplastic materials were produced by coextrusion with a width of 1300 mm and subsequently composite bodies were produced by the inventive process.

Example 1:

The coating layer (1): 11 μm UV cured paintOptional intermediate layer (2): 0,024 mm Altuglass V046 clear PMMAIntermediate layer (3-1): 0,059 mm Styron Magnum 3404 Natural ABS + staining Substrate layer (3): 0,480 mm Styron Magnum 3404 Natural ABS + staining + 20% applied groundnutOptional back coating layer (3-2): 0,031 mm Styron Magnum 3404 Natural ABS + 85% Styron Magnum XZ96515 ABS matte

Example 2:

The coating layer (1): 11 μm UV cured lacquerIntermediate layer (3-1): 0.061 mm Styron Magnum 3404 Natural ABS + ColouringSubstrate layer (3): 0.299 mm Styron Magnum 3404 Natural ABS + Colouring + 20% of the applied gritOptional back coating layer (3-2): 0.030 mm 85% Styron Magnum 3404 Natural ABS + 15% Styron Magnum XZ96515 ABS matte

Example 3:

The coating layer (1): 6 μm UV cured paintOptional intermediate layer (2): 0,024 mm Altuglass V046 clear PMMAIntermediate layer (3-1): 0,061 mm Styron Magnum 3404 Natural ABS + stainingSubstrate layer (3): 0,380 mm Styron Magnum 3404 Natural ABS + staining + 30% applied groundnutOptional back coating layer (3-2): 0,029 mm Styron Magnum 3404 ABS + 15% Styron Magnum XZ96515 Natural ABS 85% matte

Characterisation of the UV paint used:

Contains, inter alia, 1,6-hexandiol diacrylate and trimethoxyvinylsilanes, in small quantities, triphenylphosphite, the density is given as 1,14 g/ml at a supply viscosity of 0,15 to 0,25 pas at 25°C, measured with a rotational viscosimeter according to DIN 53019/ISO 3219, 1994.

The tests in examples 1 to 3 have given the following results: Other Tabelle 4: Resultate der Prüfungen an Beispielen 1- 3.

Beispiel 1	11	3,9	5	87,4	9,8	0,8	0,2
Beispiel 2	11	6,5	5	88,2	5,7	0,9	0,4
Beispiel 3	6	15,9	5	86,3	14,3	1,0	0,3

Tabelle 4: Resultate der Prüfungen an Beispielen 1- 3.

Claims (15)

1. A composite body, including in the order mentioned:

   (i) an UV-cured solvent free cover layer (1) forming the surface and having a layer thickness of 1 - 20 µm,

   (ii) optionally an upper intermediate layer (2) arranged underneath the cover layer (1),

   (iii) a lower intermediate layer (3-1), containing colorants and optionally additives for improving UV resistance,

   (iv) a substrate layer (3), containing a thermoplastic polymer or a blend of thermoplastic polymers, colorants as well as optionally grinding material, recyclate or regenerate,

   (v) optionally a rear cover (3-2), preferably containing a thermoplastic polymer or a blend of thermoplastic polymers,

   (vi) optionally an adhesion promoter layer (4), characterized in that the surface has the following features:

   a) a gloss loss of at most 30%, preferably at most 20% following a micro-scratch resistance test measured following prEN 16094 (as of 2010-05-15: "Laminate floor coverings - Test method for the determination of micro-scratch resistance"),

   b) a numerical assessment of ≥3, in a chemical resistance test measured according to DIN EN 12720 (as of July 2009: "Furniture - Assessment of surface resistance to cold liquids") using acetone as a test liquid for a test duration of 1 h,

   c) a gloss of at least 80, preferably at least 85 GLE measured according to ISO s (as of 1999-06-01: "Coating materials - Determination of the reflectometer value of coatings at 20°, 60° and 85°") at an observation angle of 20° and

   d) a haze of at most 20, preferably at most 15, measured according to ISO 13803 (as of 2004-09-01: "Coating materials - Determination of the haze of coatings at 20°").
2. A composite body according to claim 1, characterized by an upper intermediate layer (2) of polymethyl methacrylate, impact-resistant-modified polymethyl methacrylate or a blend of both.
3. composite body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the substrate layer includes ABS or PET.
4. A composite body according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lower intermediate layer (3-1) includes the same polymer as the substrate layer (3).
5. A composite body according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lower intermediate layer (3-1) includes PETG, the substrate layer (3) PET or PETG and the rear cover (3-2) PETG.
6. A composite body according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cover layer (1) and/or the upper intermediate layer (2) has UV additives, in particular UV absorbers and UV stabilizers, to the extent of 0.01 to 5% per weight.
7. A composite body according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the upper intermediate layer (2) and/or the cover layer (1) and/or the rear cover (3-2) includes colorants.
8. A composite body according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the upper intermediate layer (2) has in the layer thickness selected for the composite body over the entire wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm a spectral transmission of at least 80 %, preferably at least 85 %, measured with non-coloured test bodies according to ISO 13468-2 (as of 1999).
9. A composite body according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rear cover (3-2) contains additives, selected from the group consisting of matting agents, adhesion promoters, antistatic agents or mixtures thereof.
10. A method for the production of a composite body according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that an UV-curing surface-coating material forming the cover layer (1) and being free of solvents is applied to an UV-transparent transfer medium, wherein the UV-curing surface-coating material is pressed with the transfer medium onto the upper intermediate layer (2) or the lower intermediate layer (3-1) and consequently cured by exposure of the surface-coating material to UV radiation, wherein the UV irradiation is realized through the UV-transparent transfer medium.
11. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the UV irradiation is realized with simultaneous application of pressure.
12. A method according to claim 10 or claim 11, characterized in that UV irradiation is realized in several steps, wherein at least the first irradiation is realized through the transfer medium.
13. A method according to any of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that a protective layer is applied to the cover layer (1) following UV irradiation.
14. A furniture film, including a composite body according to any of claims 1 to 9.
15. A piece of furniture, including a furniture body as well as a composite body according to any of claims 1 to 9.