HK1170454A - Sandwich plate with laminated cross-member and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of a sandwich panel consisting of at least one layer of deck to be laminated and at least one core material block and at least one transverse carrier with a laminated transverse carrier layer, in which the step is to arrange a core material block and a transverse carrier so that a surface of the core material block and an edge of the transverse carrier together form a laminated surface for the layer to be laminated and that the transverse carrier layer lies at an angle to the laminated surface, and a sandwich panel consisting of at least one laminated layer of deck and at least one core material block and at least one transverse carrier layer is a laminated transverse layer, where the surface of the deck is jointly laminated on a surface that is at an angle to the laminated surface and the core material block is at an angle to the laminated surface.

Sandwich panels are a common building material, and are a type of flat material that consists of at least two layers.

Sandwich panels are widely used, consisting of a relatively bulky core layer with a cover layer on each side of the core layer. For example, to give a sandwich panel both thermal insulation and mechanical support properties, a typical sandwich panel is made of a core layer of lightweight, form-stable plastic foam and two side cover layers, for example, of GFC or CFC laminate. Glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFC) and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFC) are known to consist of glass fiber or carbon fiber-reinforced matrix (including carbon fiber reinforcement) that are placed on the laminating matrix (a plastic block) to be laminated or overlaid on the core (e.g. with a layer of polyester and/or a layer of carbon dioxide) and are either layered on top of each other (e.g. with a layer of hardened plastic) or layered on top of each other (e.g. with a layer of polyester and/or carbon fiber) and are protected by a layer of heat and heat.

The present invention is based on the task of creating a sandwich plate with even better stiffness and resistivity.

This task is solved according to the invention by a process with the characteristics of claim 1 and by a sandwich plate with the characteristics of claim 7.

Err1:Expecting ',' delimiter: line 1 column 583 (char 582)

The method then consists of laminating the laminated surface (in which the surface of the core material block and the edge of the transverse carrier lie) in such a way that the resin forms a connection between the surface of the core material block and the edge of the transverse carrier and the layer to be laminated on the other side. At least in one area, where the edge of the transverse carrier lies within the laminated surface, the resin of the laminated layer forms a connection between the surface of the core material block and the edge of the transverse carrier on the one side and the layer to be laminated on the other side.

The resin in the gap makes the connection between the transverse support and the laminated cover layer of the sandwich plate manufactured in accordance with the invention considerably larger. Shear stresses and/or torsion stresses, especially when bending and/or torsion stresses the plate, are transferred at this point according to the invention by a larger and preferably less abruptly changing cross section, which reduces material stresses and the resulting failure.

According to the invention, a sandwich plate is also the shape resulting from the manufacture according to the invention.

According to the invention, sandwich panels (in particular the design mentioned at the beginning of the example with a lightweight, stable core layer and durable laminate outer layers) are thus equipped with additional bending and torsional stiffness by laminating at least one transverse bearing with a laminated transverse bearing layer (or from one) into the core layer.

The transverse carrier according to the invention may also be curved and/or arched, but may also be zigzag or wave-formed, for example. By laminating according to the invention, a plate may be produced, for example, by laying one or more glass or carbon-fibre-woven sheets on a transverse plane (or on a substrate according to the space-richness described below) and by laying, for example, epoxy matte laminated by sand-cutting, sand-blasting and/or sand-blasting.

Preferably, the method of the invention for the production of a plate according to the invention is carried out as follows: a core layer material block is laid next to a transverse bearing. This is done with an interstitial space in a region where the edge of the transverse bearing layer lies in the laminated surface, preferably flat. That is, a (preferably flat) transverse bearing is laid flat to an external surface (laterally, preferably flat) of the transverse bearing material block. For example, on the other side of the bearing a block is laid again, so that a transverse bearing is inserted and so on, for example, until the longer sandwiches are reached. These elements are laid horizontally opposite each other, forming the transverse bearing of the core.The core layer material blocks placed against these transverse bearings then have a corresponding height and a vertical side area which is flat against the vertical side bearings. Other transverse bearings can be oriented so that the length in which they were produced (for example cut from a previously laminated large plate) is now oriented diagonal - i.e. below 45°. The transverse bearings placed against these core layer material blocks are then cut diagonally and have a corresponding (for example 45°) inclined side area,The edges of these laid-out core layer components are preferably aligned (or, even later, cut to fit) one another. The next step is to laminate a deck layer, for example of GFC or CFC laminate, on a common outer side of these closely connected core layer components (the outer side from the tops of the core layer material block and the upper edges of the transverse bearings).After drying this layer, the arrangement is reversed and the lamination of the layer is repeated on its bottom: on the outside of the interconnected core layer components (the outside of the previous undersides of the core layer material blocks and the previous lower transverse edges of the transverse carriers), a cover layer, for example GKF or CKF material, is laminated so that the laminated resin layer produces a connection between the surface of the core block on one side and the soft surface of the decking on the other side.

Although it is particularly desirable, because of the geometrical clarity and simplicity and the resulting economic manufacturability (also because of the relatively greater need for flat sandwich panels), to make a flat sandwich panel with a top and a bottom cover layer from a square core layer material block material (or at least with a flat, planar top and bottom side), all other spatial arrangements with curved and/or curved elements having the characteristics of one of the two independent claims are also possible.

These and other features and advantages of the present invention are further explained by examples of execution in the accompanying illustrations. Figure 1 shows a spatial schematic of the three-stage manufacture of an inventive sandwich board,Figure 2 shows a spatial schematic of an alternative to Figure 1 in five stages,Figure 3 shows a side view of four different inventive sandwich boards andFigure 4 shows a spatial schematic of the cutting of cross-bearings of the invention from a previously laminated board.

First, by looking at Figure 4, you can see how to cut 2 cross-bearers 4 from a previously laminated plate. The cross-bearers 4 are cut off from the plate in a length L. That is, the parallel intersection edges 6 of the cross-bearers 4 have the distance L from each other. The cross-bearers 4 are cut, for example, by means of a band saw or a circular saw).

Figure 1a shows four core layer material blocks 8, 10, 12, 14 alternately arranged in a hollow with a cross-bearer 16, 4, 18 as the core layer of a sandwich plate 20 to be manufactured (Figure 1c).

The core layer material blocks have a top 22 and a bottom 24 each, which are parallel to each other. The cross-bearers 4, 16 and 18 are flat. They are (with their respective top or bottom) laid flat against a respective flat outer surface of one of the material blocks. The cross-bearer 4 is oriented so that its length L, in which it was cut off from the previously laminated large plate 2 according to Figure 4, is now oriented as a height - i.e. vertical in Figure 1a. The laid out material blocks 8, 10, 12, 14 have a corresponding height, i.e. an L distance from their top 22 from their flat outer side.

The next step is to laminate a layer 26 (Figure 1b) on the jointly laminated surface on the top 22 of these closely interlocking core layer components 8, 16, 10, 4, 12, 18, 14. After drying this layer 26, the arrangement is reversed, resulting in the arrangement shown in Figure 1b. The previous sub-page 24 can now be seen as a flat, jointly laminated surface 24 - (now) on the top of the core layer elements so arranged (from left to right 14, 18, 12, 4, 16, 10, 8). This flat, laminated surface 24 is also laminated and dried with a deck layer 28 (Figure 1c).

In particular, it can be seen in Figure 1c that the lamination of the two layers 26, 28 has taken place in such a way that the resin of the laminated layer forms a connection between the laminated layer 26, 28 on the one hand and the surfaces of the respective core layer material block (on both sides of the latter 22 and 24) on the other hand, and that the resin also forms a connection between the laminated layer 26, 28 on the one hand and the edges 6 of the transverse bearing 16, 4, 18 on the other hand. To enable this, according to the invention, the edges 6 of the transverse bearing 16, 4, 18 are located in a surface - even in a plane here - with the outer edges of the core layer material block (on the one side of which the material 22 and the other planarly material are located on page 24).

The connection between the edges 6 of the cross-bearings 16, 4, 18 and the respective laminated surfaces 26, 28 is made by the fact that when laminating the coating layers the resin joins the edge. This is particularly advantageous if the cross-bearings are made of the same laminate as the coating layers.

In the case of laminating the respective deck layer 26, 28 the spaces 30 wherever the respective cross-bearing ends at the surfaces to be laminated (here the top and bottom of the arrangement shown in Figure 1a) are filled with resin, thus creating a larger connection between the cross-bearing edge 6 and the deck layer 26 or 28 in each area of this edge, with a larger and preferably less abrupt change in direction of the intersection.

Err1:Expecting ',' delimiter: line 1 column 212 (char 211)

Figure 3c is an alternative design of a sandwich plate in which no vertical cross-bearers 4 are used, but only diagonal-oriented cross-bearers 16, 18 in both directions below 45°. Finally, Figure 3d shows a side view of a sandwich plate with cross-bearers not only vertical and below 45°, but also at another angle.

The space according to the invention can be formed simply by not directly interlacing a transverse carrier and a core layer material block (not shown), but a regionally interlaced space is preferred, as shown in Figure 1, and a space 30 only where an edge 6 of a transverse carrier 16, 4, 18 lies in the laminatable surface 22 or 24.

As an alternative to the cross-bearers 16, 4, 18 described above, which are made from a pre-laminated plate 2, a cross-section can also be achieved according to the invention by cross-bearers 42 made from sections 42 of a prefabricated cross-bearer sandwich plate 40. To this end, a series of cross-bearer sandwich plates 42 is first cut from a prefabricated sandwich plate 40 (Fig. 2a) according to Figure 2. From quadrilateral gem-layer material blocks 44 four parallel sound-volumes are cut, each cut at a phase of 45°. The cross-bearers 46 are cut according to Figure 2a and oriented according to Figure 2b with the cross-bearer sandwich plates 42 so that the lengths of the L are aligned according to Figure 2b.These cross-bearing sandwich plates 42 are arranged in accordance with Figure 5c, alternately with the material blocks 44 (with their four phases 46), with their vertical impact surfaces 48 colliding with each other. The lamination of the layers 26, 28 is now carried out as described in Figure 1, first on one side 22 with the result according to Figure 1d and then on the other side 24 with the result according to Figure 1e.where the edges 6 of the cross-bearing layers are facing the deck layers 26, 28, full of resin.

It should also be noted that in all figures 1 to 4, fractional edges 32 indicate that the element shown in each case extends in this direction.

Claims (15)

1. Manufacture from materials of any heading, except that of the product Other

   - at least one layer of the roof to be laminated, and

   - at least one core layer material block, and

   - at least one transverse layer with a laminated transverse layer,

   Other with the step: Other

   • Arrange a core layer material block and a transverse carrier in such a way that Other

   - that a surface of the core layer material block and an edge of the transverse carrier together form a laminated surface for the roof layer to be laminated, and

   - the cross-sectional layer is at an angle to the laminating surface,

   characterised by the fact that the arrangement is made in such a way that Other

   - at least in one area where the edge of the transverse layer lies in the laminated surface, an intermediate space remains between the core layer material block and the transverse layer,

   Other and by the following step:

   • Laminate the laminated surface so that the resin in the space between the transverse layer and the layer of the roof to be laminated forms a connection.
2. The method described above is characterised by the laminated cross-bearing layer being the core-laminated cover layer (cross-bearing layer) of a cross-bearing sandwich panel and by the arrangement of the surface of the core-bearing material block with a surface of the cross-bearing sandwich panel containing the edge to form the jointly laminated surface for the cover layer to be laminated.
3. A process according to one of the above claims, characterised by the removal of material volume in the core layer material block area where the cross-bearing layer ends at the surface to be laminated by the arrangement in an earlier step in time and by the formation of at least part of the space between the material volume area and the core layer material block area.
4. The method described above is characterised by the removal of the material volume along an edge of the core layer material block, in particular in the form of a phase of 30° to 60°, in particular 45°.
5. The method according to one of the above claims, characterised by the transverse layer forming an angle of 45° to 90°, in particular 45° or 90° +/-5°, with the surface to be laminated at the point where the transverse layer ends at the surface to be laminated.
6. The method according to one of the above claims, characterised by the transverse layer being formed from the top layer of the transverse sandwich plate and forming a 90° angle to the surface to be laminated where the transverse sandwich plate ends at the surface to be laminated.
7. A process according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by the step in time preceding the order to cut the cross-sectional sandwich plate as a section from a prefabricated plate.
8. The method according to one of the above claims, characterised by the placement of reinforcement fibres in the interlayer before laminating the laminating surface.
9. Sandwich plates of a kind used for tableware Other

   - at least one laminated roof layer, and

   - at least one core layer material block, and

   - at least one transverse layer of at least one laminated transverse layer, where: Other

   - the laminated ceiling layer is laminated on a co-laminated surface formed by a surface of the core layer material block and an edge of the transverse layer, and

   - the cross-bearing layer is at an angle to the laminated roof layer,

   characterised by the fact that at least in one area where the edge of the transverse layer lies in the laminated surface, a connection is made between the transverse layer and the laminated layer in an intermediate space between the core layer material block and the transverse layer resin of the laminated roof layer.
10. Sandwich plate as defined above, characterised by the laminated cross-sectional layer being the core-laminated deck layer (cross-sectional deck layer) of a cross-sectional sandwich plate, where the common laminated surface on which the laminated deck layer is laminated is formed by the surface of the core-sectional material block and a surface of the cross-sectional sandwich plate containing the edge.
11. Sandwich plate according to the previous claim, characterised by the material block having a deformation in the core layer material block area where the transverse carrier sandwich plate ends at the surface to be laminated and at least part of the space between the deformation areas.
12. Sandwich plate as described above, characterised by the fact that the abrasion is arranged along an edge of the core layer material block, in particular in the form of a phase of 30° to 60°, in particular 45°.
13. Sandwich panels according to one of the above claims, characterised by the fact that the top layer of the cross-sectional sandwich panels to the laminated surface where the cross-sectional sandwich panels end at the surface to be laminated forms an angle of 45° to 90°, in particular 90°.
14. Sandwich plate according to one of the above claims, characterised by the fact that the cross-sectional sandwich plate is a section of a prefabricated plate.
15. Sandwich plate according to one of the above claims, characterised by the insertion of reinforcement fibres in the interlayer.