HK1167121B - Method and device for regenerating cutting blade - Google Patents

Description

Method and apparatus for regenerating cutting blade

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for regenerating a cutting blade used in a shear crusher or the like.

Background

Conventionally, there is known a shear crusher for shearing and crushing a solid object to be crushed such as plastic, wood chips, paper, metal, rubber, fiber, and leather. As such a shear crusher, there is, for example, a shear crusher which the present applicant has previously applied (see patent document 1).

As shown in a plan view showing the shear crusher in fig. 18 and an XIX-XIX sectional view shown in fig. 18 in fig. 19, in this shear crusher 100, a plurality of rotating blades 103 are alternately arranged with spacers 104 interposed therebetween in the axial direction of the rotating shafts 101, 102. The spacer 104 is formed with an outer diameter that positions and fixes the rotary blade 103 in the axial direction and that can position the base of the rotary blade 103 in the axial direction.

These rotary blades 103 have blade rests 106 fixed to the rotary shafts 101 and 102 and split-type cutting blades 105 fixed around the periphery of the blade rests 106, and the cutting blades 105 are arranged in a state of being meshed with each other and overlapping in a state in which an axial gap of, for example, about 0.5mm to 1mm is provided between the side surfaces of the rotary blades 103 rotating in the rotation direction R. The cutting blades 105 provided on the outer periphery of the rotating blades 103 crush the object to be crushed 120 by shearing action between the rotating blades 103 and the object to be crushed 120 while introducing the object to be crushed 120.

An engagement step 107 is provided on the mounting surface of the cutting blade 105, and engages with an engagement projection 108 provided on the blade base 106 to receive the crushing reaction force. The divided cutting blade 105 has a tip edge portion 109 that protrudes outward and is pointed in the direction of rotation at the blade tip, and a side edge portion 110 (side edge) that follows the outer shape of the side surface, and the cutting blade 105 having these edge portions 109 and 110 that wear out early due to shear fracture is divided, so that even if wear occurs, only the cutting blade 105 can be replaced. In the following description, the divided cutting blade 105 will be mainly described.

However, in the cutting blade 105 of this type of shear crusher, since the object to be crushed is drawn in and crushed by the tip edge portion 109 and is cut and crushed by the tip edge portion 109 and the side edge portion 110, early wear occurs in the tip edge portion 109 and the side edge portion 110.

As such early wear, the tip edge portion 109 and the side edge portion 110 form circular wear, and when such wear occurs, the crushing performance is lowered, and the crushing efficiency is lowered. Further, the object to be crushed may be chipped at the tip lip portion 109 and the side lip portion 110, and even if such chipping occurs, the crushing performance may be deteriorated, and the crushing efficiency may be deteriorated. Therefore, in the case where such wear and chipping (these "wear" and "chipping" are collectively referred to as "wear" in the present specification and claims) occur, a new cutting blade 105 is usually replaced each time.

However, in the case of a crusher using a plurality of cutting blades 105 in one crusher, particularly, in the case of a crusher using the divided cutting blades 105 as described above, for example, tens of cutting blades 105 are used for 1 crusher, and thus, it is very expensive to replace them.

In addition, in the case of a shear type crusher using a large number of cutting blades 105 as described above, if all of the cutting blades 105 are replaced with new cutting blades, a large amount of cost is required and effective use of resources is not facilitated.

As a prior art of this kind, the present applicant has already filed an invention in which, for example, a base portion (central metal base) is formed of inexpensive carbon steel or the like, and a surface portion such as a tip edge portion of a blade tip portion is formed of a special powder alloy layer having excellent wear resistance, impact resistance, and the like, thereby extending the life of the blade tip portion (see patent document 2). However, in the case of forming a part of the cutting blade 105 with a special powder alloy layer as in this invention, the manufacturing equipment and the working work are sometimes expensive and difficult to realize.

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 8-323232;

patent document 2: japanese patent No. 2851000.

Disclosure of Invention

However, since it is expensive to replace the entire worn cutting blade 105 with a new one as described above, it is conceivable to weld the worn cutting blade 105 with a weld deposit hardening material, to rework the weld deposit into the cutting edges 109 and 110, and to reuse the cutting blade 105 itself.

However, in such recycling, the quality and state of the weld deposit vary depending on the skill level of the operator, and the accuracy varies, so that it is difficult to maintain stable quality. Moreover, since much time is required for recycling the plurality of cutting blades 105, it is actually very difficult to perform.

On the other hand, if the edge portion of the cutting blade 105 is regenerated by an automatic machine, since the shape of the edge portion of the cutting blade 105 is formed by the tip edge portion 109 of the blade tip portion projecting outward and pointed in the rotation direction and the side edge portion 110 of the curved surface shape connected to the tip edge portion 109, when a part of the edge portion is worn out, for example, the automatic build-up welding performed by the automatic machine in this part has a trouble of stopping (hereinafter referred to as "slight stop (チョコ stop)") and, in order to restart the automatic build-up welding, the machine is stopped before this by a measure such as restart, and the production efficiency is lowered. But there is a lack of effective countermeasures to prevent such "stubbing" in the recycling of the cutting edge 105.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for regenerating a cutting edge, which can efficiently and stably regenerate the cutting edge worn at a cutting edge portion with stable quality.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of regenerating a cutting blade, the cutting blade having a blade tip portion protruding outward from a fixed portion, the blade tip portion has a tip edge portion pointed in the rotation direction, and the side edge portion has a side edge portion at a side outer end portion including the blade tip portion, and the regenerating method includes the following steps in order, namely, a chamfering step of chamfering the edge portion of the cutting blade which can be repaired by a predetermined chamfering method, a preheating step of preheating the chamfered cutting blade at a predetermined temperature, a build-up welding step of continuously and automatically building up a hardened build-up welding material on the edge portion chamfered by the preheated cutting blade, a post-weld heat treatment step of performing a post-weld heat treatment on the built-up welding blade at a predetermined temperature, and a machining step of regenerating the build-up welding portion of the post-weld heat treated cutting blade into the predetermined edge portion. With this, the cutting edge portion of the cutting edge that can be repaired is chamfered, then subjected to a preheating treatment, subjected to build-up welding for hardening a build-up welding material by an automatic build-up welding method, and subjected to a post-weld heat treatment, and then the build-up welding portion is subjected to regeneration processing to form a predetermined cutting edge portion, thereby enabling the cutting edge to be regenerated. Moreover, by executing the automatic build-up welding, the quality of the regenerated edge portion of the cutting blade can be stabilized.

Before or after the chamfering step, a determination step of determining whether or not the cutting edge can be repaired based on the wear state of the cutting edge may be performed, and the cutting edge that needs to be manually corrected before the build-up welding may be determined based on the wear state of the cutting edge in the determination step, and may be manually corrected after the preheating step. If this is done, the presence of a portion in a worn state unsuitable for automatic build-up welding is checked in advance before welding, and if such a portion is present, manual correction is performed before automatic build-up welding, so that stabilization of automatic build-up welding can be achieved.

After the build-up welding step, an inspection step of inspecting whether or not the build-up welding state of the build-up welding is appropriate may be performed, and a correction step of performing appropriate build-up welding may be performed on the portion of the build-up welding determined to be inappropriate in the inspection step. In this way, even when sufficient build-up welding cannot be performed in a defective portion or the like, the weld deposit amount can be corrected in a state where the cutting edge is preheated by checking and confirming the weld deposit amount.

The build-up welding process may be performed as follows: the adjustment fin is brought into contact with the lower surface of the distal edge lip portion pointed in the rotational direction of the blade distal end portion projecting outward of the cutting blade, and after the surfacing of the distal edge lip portion is performed, the side lip portion is subjected to the surfacing. In this way, the lower surface of the weld deposit of the sharpened portion of the tip gash portion can be made flat by the shim, and the portion where the shim contacts can be kept flat by the welding of the subsequent side gash portion, so that the machining after the weld deposit can be simplified.

The movement of the cutting blade may be performed by a robot arm between the preheating step, the build-up welding step, and the post-weld heat treatment step. By doing so, even if the cutting edge portion is a cutting blade having a complicated shape, the movement of the cutting blade from the pre-heating treatment before the automatic welding to the post-welding heat treatment after the automatic welding can be realized quickly and stably.

The robot may move the cutting blade so that the welding posture of the cutting blade is directed downward and high and low even if the cutting blade is displaced. By doing so, when performing overlay welding on the cutting blade, overlay welding of the hardened overlay welding material can be stably performed in a welding posture in which the front is high and the rear is low.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, there is provided a regenerating device for a cutting blade having a blade tip portion protruding outward from a fixed portion, the blade tip portion having a tip portion sharpened in a rotational direction, and a side edge portion at an end portion of a side surface profile including the blade tip portion, the regenerating device comprising a carrying-in/carrying-out machine having the cutting blade capable of being repaired, an operation robot moving the cutting blade carried in by the carrying-in/carrying-out machine, a preheating machine preheating the cutting blade at a predetermined temperature, a multi-axis support machine supporting the cutting blade preheated by the preheating machine, a welding robot continuously and automatically performing weld overlay welding and hardening on a weld material at a cutting edge portion of the cutting blade in accordance with a posture of the cutting blade displaced by the multi-axis support machine, and a welding robot, The welding device comprises a post-welding heat treatment machine for performing post-welding heat treatment on the cutting blade welded by the automatic welding machine at a predetermined temperature, and a control device for conveying the cutting blade to the preheating machine for preheating treatment, conveying the cutting blade to the multi-shaft support machine for supporting the cutting blade after the preheating treatment, changing the posture of the cutting blade by the multi-shaft support machine, performing the welding on the cutting edge by the automatic welding machine, and conveying the cutting blade to the post-welding heat treatment machine for performing the post-welding heat treatment after the welding is performed. In the present specification and claims, "continuous automatic build-up welding" means that welding is continuously performed from one end of the cutting edge portion to the other end. With this, the repairable cutting blade is moved to the preheating machine by the operation robot, supported by the multi-axis support machine after the preheating treatment, and the post-weld heat treatment is performed by the post-weld heat treatment machine after the blade portion is weld-hardened by the automatic welding machine while controlling the posture by the multi-axis support machine. Moreover, the regeneration of the cutting edge part with stable quality can be realized through automatic overlaying.

The manipulator may have a function of supporting the welding flux adjusting fin (フッラックスタブ) in contact with the cutting edge portion on the side opposite to the automatic welding machine when the automatic welding machine performs the overlay welding of the cutting edge portion. By doing so, it is possible to realize build-up welding in which the side of the blade portion opposite to the automatic welding machine is formed to be flat by the tab, and therefore, it is possible to simplify the processing after build-up welding.

The multi-axis support may have a function of displacing the cutting blade during the overlay welding to perform the welding in a downward welding posture and maintaining a welding posture with a high front and a low rear. By doing so, when the cutting edge is subjected to build-up welding, it is possible to stably perform build-up welding of the hardened build-up welding material while maintaining the posture of being high in the front and low in the rear while keeping the downward direction.

The automatic welding machine may have a function of moving a welding torch provided in the automatic welding machine in cooperation with the displacement of the cutting blade by the multi-axis support to maintain a welding posture of being directed downward and being high in front and low in back. By doing so, the cutting blade can be welded more stably.

According to the present invention, the cutting blade worn at the blade portion can be efficiently recycled, and the quality of the recycled cutting blade can be stabilized. In addition, the running cost of the cutting blade of the shear crusher can be greatly reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a reproduction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an operation robot of the recycling apparatus shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 (a) is a side view, and fig. 2 (b) is a view from direction II shown in fig. 2 (a).

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a multi-axis support machine of the regeneration facility shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 (a) is a plan view, and fig. 3 (b) is a side view.

Fig. 4 is a side view showing an automatic welding machine of the recycling apparatus shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a flowchart schematically showing a method of regenerating a cutting blade by the regenerating device shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which the cutting blade is moved to the preheater in the preheating process in the flowchart shown in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which the cutting blade after the preheating treatment in the flowchart shown in fig. 5 is supported by the multi-axis support machine.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a state where the tip edge portion of the cutting blade is welded at the time of overlay welding in the flowchart shown in fig. 5, fig. 8 (a) is a perspective view, and fig. 8 (b) is a side view.

Fig. 9 (a) to 9 (c) are perspective views showing steps in the tip edge part welding shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing a state where the side lip portion of the cutting blade is welded at the time of overlay welding in the flowchart shown in fig. 5.

Fig. 11 (a) and 11 (b) are perspective views showing steps in the side lip portion welding shown in fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing a state in welding of a side lip portion different from the side lip portion shown in fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing a step in welding the side lip portion shown in fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view showing a state where slag is removed after welding at the side edge portion shown in fig. 13.

Fig. 15 (a) is a perspective view showing an inspection state after build-up welding of the flowchart shown in fig. 5, and fig. 15 (b) is a perspective view showing a state of manual correction.

Fig. 16 is a perspective view showing a state in which the cutting blade is moved toward the post-weld heat treatment machine at the time of the post-weld heat treatment in the flowchart shown in fig. 5.

Fig. 17 (a) is a side view showing a rotary blade on which the cutting blade shown in fig. 16 is disposed after the post-weld heat treatment, and fig. 17 (b) is a side view showing another cutting blade.

Fig. 18 is a top view of a prior art shear crusher.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of XIX-XIX shown in FIG. 18.

Description of the symbols

1a regeneration device;

3 cutting blade;

5 tab (tab);

10 rotating the blade;

11 an integral cutting blade;

15 input/output machine;

a 16 placement part;

17a conveying part;

20 operating the manipulator;

25 a grip part;

26, 1 st gripping part;

27 the 2 nd grip;

30 overlaying;

31 a front end blade portion;

a 32-sided edge portion;

40 multi-axis support machine;

a 42 dump section;

43 a rotating part;

44a support part;

45 a fixing member;

50, automatic welding machine;

55 welding torch;

60 a preheater;

70 post-weld heat treatment machine;

80 a control device;

82 a determination unit;

83 manually correcting the welding machine;

84 the tool is inspected.

Detailed Description

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a reproduction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which main parts are shown. In the drawings of the present embodiment, the following structures necessary for rough machining and finish machining of the cutting blade 3 are omitted, and only the structure in which the overlay welding is performed on the cutting blade 3 will be described.

As shown in fig. 1, the regeneration facility 1 of the present embodiment is configured to be partitioned into a predetermined range of partition walls 2, and includes a loading/unloading device 15 that loads/unloads a cutting blade 3 into/from the partition walls 2, an operation robot 20 that moves the cutting blade 3 to a predetermined position in the partition walls 2, a preheating device 60 that preheats the cutting blade 3 to a predetermined temperature, a multi-axis support device 40 that holds the preheated cutting blade 3 in a predetermined welding posture, an automatic welding machine 50 (welding robot) that automatically performs build-up welding on the cutting blade 3 supported by the multi-axis support device 40 to weld a hardened build-up welding material, and a post-welding heat treatment device 70 that performs post-welding heat treatment such as slow cooling of the built-up cutting blade 3. The loading/unloading device 15 is provided with a placing part 16 on which the cutting blade 3 is placed, and the placing part 16 can be moved into and out of the partition wall 2 by a conveying part 17.

The operation range W20 of the operation robot 20 includes a standby unit 4 for waiting the plurality of cutting blades 3 at a predetermined position, an adjustment blade table 6 on which the adjustment blades 5 used for welding are placed, a brush 7 for removing slag, and a torch adjustment machine 56 for cleaning the welding torch 55 of the automatic welding machine 50. The cutting blade 3 is disposed at a predetermined position of the standby portion 4, and the type of the cutting blade 3, the preheating time, and the like are input to a control device 80 described below. At this time, information such as where the "cutting blade requiring manual correction" described below is on standby is also input to the control device 80. The tab 5 is also disposed at a predetermined position on the tab plate 6.

The partition wall 2 is provided with an operation robot 20, which operates based on the coordinates of the cutting blade 3 disposed at the predetermined position, the arrangement coordinates of the adjustment fins 5, and the arrangement coordinates of the other devices, a multi-axis support machine 40, and a control device 80 which controls the operation of the automatic welding machine 50 and the like, outside thereof. The apparatus further includes a preheating/postweld heat treatment machine control device 81 for controlling the temperature of the preheating machine 60 and the postweld heat treatment machine 70, and a manual correction welder 83 for correcting the cutting blade 3 by a determination unit 82 provided in the loading/unloading machine 15 formed outside the partition wall 2.

The manipulator 20 performs movement of the cutting blade 3 within the working range W20, such as movement of the cutting blade 3 disposed in the standby unit 4 to the preheater 60, movement of the cutting blade from the preheater 60 to the multi-axis support 40, movement of the multi-axis support 40 to the post-weld heat treatment machine 70, and movement between the preheater 60, the post-weld heat treatment machine 70, and the loading/unloading machine 15. The cutting blade 3 supported by the multi-axis support 40 is supported by the adjusting blade 5 and the brush 7 on the adjusting blade table 6 so as to be movable.

The preheating machine 60 has a function of preheating the cutting blade 3 to a temperature suitable for build-up welding.

The multi-axis support device 40 supports the cutting blade 3 and has a function of changing the posture of the cutting blade 3 according to the position of the build-up welding.

The automatic welding machine 50 is a multi-axis automatic welding robot capable of changing the position of the welding torch 55 within the working range W50, and the welding torch adjuster 56 has functions of adjusting the length of the welding wire at the tip of the welding torch 55, removing spatter from the welding torch, cleaning the inside of the welding torch, and the like.

The post-weld heat treatment machine 70 has a post-weld heat treatment function of gradually cooling the cutting blade 3 entering from the opening/closing port 71 to a predetermined temperature by the manipulator 20. The post-weld heat treatment machine 70 may place the cutting blade 3 on the mounting table 72 outside the opening/closing opening 71, and sequentially move the cutting blade 3 subjected to the post-weld heat treatment to the opposite side of the opening/closing opening.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an operation robot of the recycling apparatus shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 (a) is a side view, and fig. 2 (b) is a view from direction II shown in fig. 2 (a). Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a multi-axis support machine of the regeneration facility shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 (a) is a plan view, and fig. 3 (b) is a side view.

As shown in fig. 2 (a), the manipulator 20 is a multi-joint manipulator, and includes a base 21 fixed to a floor, a lower arm 22, an upper arm 23, and a wrist 24. The lower arm 22 is provided on the base 21 so that its lower end portion can rotate about a vertical 1 st axis J1, and is provided on the base 21 so that its angle can be changed back and forth about a horizontal 2 nd axis J2. At the upper end of the lower arm 22, the base end of the upper arm 23 is disposed to be angularly changeable up and down about a horizontal 3 rd axis J3. The wrist 24 attached to the tip end of the upper arm 23 is angularly displaceable about a 4 th axis J4 parallel to the axis of the upper arm 23, and is angularly displaceable about a 5 th axis J5 perpendicular to the axis of the upper arm 23. The grip 25 attached to the wrist 24 can be angled about a 6 th axis J6 perpendicular to the 5 th axis J5.

The grip portion 25 includes a 1 st grip portion 26 capable of gripping the cutting blade 3 (fig. 1) preheated to a high temperature with a movable piece 26a, and a 2 nd grip portion 27 having a movable piece 27a moving in a direction perpendicular to the 1 st grip portion 26 as shown in fig. 2 (b).

The axes J1 to J6 of the articulated robot 20 are driven by servo motors, not shown. The attitude of the robot 20 is controlled by these servomotors, and the grip 25 is moved within the working range W20 (fig. 1). The 1 st grip 26 and the 2 nd grip 27 of the grip 25 are opened and closed by hydraulic cylinders 26b and 27 b.

As shown in fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the multi-axis support device 40 (positioner) includes a base 41 fixed to a base, a tilting portion 42, a rotating portion 43, and a support portion 44. The tilting portion 42 is provided to the base 41 to be tiltable around a horizontal 7 th axis J7. The rotation portion 43 is rotatably provided around an 8 th axis J8 perpendicular to the 7 th axis J7 on the tilting portion 42. The support portion 44 includes a position support member 44a and a fixing member 45 so that the cutting blade 3 (fig. 7) can be supported at a predetermined position on the rotating portion 43. The fixed member 45 is a movable member, supports the cutting blade 3 with the position support member 44a, and by this, the posture of the cutting blade 3 supported by the support portion 44 is controlled by the rotation of the rotating portion 43 and the tilting of the tilting portion 42.

As shown in fig. 4, the automatic welding machine 50 is a multi-joint robot, and includes a base 51 fixed to a floor, a lower arm 52, an upper arm 53, and a wrist 54. The lower arm 52 is provided at its lower end portion on the base 51 so as to be rotatable about a vertical 9 th axis J9 and is provided on the base 51 so as to be angularly changeable in the front-rear direction about a horizontal 10 th axis J10. At the upper end of the lower arm 52, the base end of the upper arm 53 is angularly displaceable up and down about a horizontal 11 th axis J11. The wrist 54 provided at the front end of the upper arm 53 is rotatably provided around a 12 th axis J12 parallel to the axis of the upper arm 53 while being capable of changing the angle around a 13 th axis J13 perpendicular to the axis of the upper arm 53. The welding torch 55 mounted to the wrist 54 can be angled by the control of the wrist 54.

The welding torch 55 provided on the wrist 54 drives the lower arm 52, the upper arm 53, and the wrist 54 by a servo motor not shown, thereby performing attitude control. The attitude control of the welding torch 55 is performed together with the attitude control of the cutting blade 3 by the multi-axis support 40. The welding torch 55 is movable within the working range W50.

Fig. 5 is a flowchart schematically showing a method of regenerating a cutting blade by the regenerating device shown in fig. 1. Next, a general method of regenerating the cutting blade 3 by the above-described regenerating device 1 will be described based on the flowchart and the above-described fig. 1.

< judgment >

First, when the worn cutting blade 3 is stored, it is determined whether or not the repair is possible based on the worn state of the cutting blade 3 (S1). If it is determined that the repair is impossible, the material is disposed of without being reused (S2). Further, it is also determined whether or not the manual correction is necessary for the cutting blade 3 determined to be repairable (S3), and if the manual correction is necessary, the manual correction is inputted and stored in the control device 80 (S4). The judgment as to whether such manual correction is necessary is based on the presence or absence of the occurrence of the wear such as the "slight stop" described above.

< processing required >

When it is determined that the repair is possible, the required chamfering/grooving process (surface-treated り/open-ended first-time process) is performed on the front edge port portion 31 and the side edge port portion 32 (S5). The chamfering and grooving process is performed to make the wear of the cutting edges 31 and 32 uniform, to make the welding uniform by keeping the arc length constant, to keep the quality of the molten metal constant, and to keep the hardness constant. As such chamfering and grooving, chamfering and grooving according to the amount of build-up welding by build-up welding, the type of hardened build-up welding material, and the like are used.

< preheating treatment >

The preheating process is performed for a predetermined time in the preheating machine 60 capable of preheating the cutting blade 3 to a temperature suitable for build-up welding, depending on the material, size, and the like of the cutting blade (S6).

< Manual correction >

Among the cutting blades 3 preheated to the predetermined temperature by the preheating process, the cutting blade 3 judged to be required to be manually corrected is transferred to the judgment unit 82 by the carrying in/out machine 15 (S7) and is manually corrected by the operator M (S8). This manual correction is to perform overlay welding on the lip portions 31 and 32 so that no problem occurs in automatic welding by an automatic welding machine 50 described below.

< build-up welding >

The cutting blade 3 that does not require the manual correction and the cutting blade 3 that has been corrected manually are subjected to the build-up welding 30 of the blade portions 31 and 32 by the automatic welding machine 50 as follows (S9). The weld deposit 30 is formed by arc welding on the chamfered edge portions 31 and 32. In performing such overlay welding, the overlay welding is continuously performed from one end to the other end of the cutting edges 31 and 32 while controlling the respective axes J1 to J13 to be at the optimum positions, based on the welding position of the cutting blade 3, the coordinates of the multi-axis support 40, the coordinates of the tip of the welding torch 55 of the automatic welding machine 50, and the like, which are input to the control device 80 in advance.

< inspection >

After performing the above-described build-up welding 30, the operator checks whether or not there is a portion where the thickness of the build-up welding is insufficient after performing the build-up welding 30 (S10). When a portion having an insufficient bead thickness is found in the inspection, the repair is performed by a manual correction method, and a required amount of the hardened bead filler is deposited (S11).

< postweld Heat treatment >

As described above, the cutting blade 3 after the tip lip portion 31 and the side lip portion 32 are subjected to the build-up welding 30, and then subjected to the post-weld heat treatment such as slow cooling at a predetermined temperature (S12). By performing such post-weld heat treatment, the bead weld 30 of the hardened bead weld material is performed on the cutting edge portions 31 and 32 of the worn cutting blade 3.

< rough working >

The cutting blade 3 having undergone the above build-up welding 30 is first roughly machined by a vertical milling machine or the like to remove the excess thickness of the back surfaces of the side lip portion 32 and the tip lip portion 31 having undergone the build-up welding (S13).

< finishing >

Next, the front edge portion 31 and the side edge portion 32 of the cutting blade 3 are subjected to a regenerating process by grinding both side surfaces and the front edge portion 31 using a rotary grinder or the like to finish the cutting edges to predetermined cutting edges (S14).

Further, the machining operations of the above-described < rough machining > < finish machining > may be performed by a machine tool having an automatic tool replacement function capable of automatically replacing a plurality of types of cutting tools stored in a tool magazine, automatically replacing the tools in accordance with a command of Computer Numerical Control (CNC) according to the purpose, and performing different types of machining operations by one machine.

The main steps shown in the flowchart of fig. 5 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 6 to 16. In the following description, the divided type cutting blade 3 is also taken as an example, and the components described in the above drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals and their description is omitted.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which the cutting blade is moved to the preheater in the preheating process in the flowchart shown in fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which the cutting blade after the preheating treatment in the flowchart shown in fig. 5 is supported by the multi-axis support machine.

As shown in fig. 6, the preheating machine 60 has a structure in which a support base 61 on which the cutting blade 3 is placed and a lid 62 that is integrally opened and closed with the support base 61 are slidable in the horizontal direction, and as shown in fig. 6, if the lid 62 is closed with the cutting blade 3 placed on the support base 61, the cutting blade 3 is accommodated in the preheating machine 60. The cutting blade 3 is placed on the support base 61 of the preheating machine 60 by holding the cutting blade 3 disposed at a predetermined position of the standby unit 4 by the manipulator 20 and moving the same. The cutting blade 3 is preheated by the preheater 60 to a temperature suitable for build-up welding (for example, about 150 to 500 degrees celsius) depending on the material and size of the cutting blade.

As shown in fig. 7, the cutting blade 3 preheated by the preheater 60 is moved to the multi-axis support 40 by the manipulator 20 and held by the support portion 44 of the multi-axis support 40. The cutting blade 3 is supported by moving the cutting blade 3 by the manipulator 20 so as to be in contact with the position support member 44a of the support portion 44 and by being held between the position support member 44a and the fixing member 45.

The cutting blade 3 determined to be in need of the manual correction in the determination step (S3) for determining whether the manual correction is in need shown in fig. 5 is moved to the determination unit 82 by the carrying in/out machine 15 before being supported by the multi-axis support machine 40, and is manually corrected (fig. 1).

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a state where the cutting edge tip portion is welded at the time of overlay welding in the flowchart shown in fig. 5, fig. 8 (a) is a perspective view, and fig. 8 (b) is a side view. Fig. 9 (a) to 9 (c) are perspective views showing steps in the tip edge part welding shown in fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing a state where the side edge portion of the cutting blade is welded during overlay welding. Fig. 11 (a) and 11 (b) are perspective views showing steps in the side lip portion welding shown in fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing a state in welding of a side lip portion different from the side lip portion shown in fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing a step in welding the side lip portion shown in fig. 12. In fig. 9, 11, and 13, for the sake of explanation, the cutting blade 3 is assumed to be in a horizontally placed state, and the angular positions (end positions) of the cutting blade 3 are denoted by (a) to (F), and the operation sequence is denoted by (1) to (9).

As shown in fig. 8 (a), the overlay welding of the cutting edge portions 31 and 32 of the cutting blade 3 supported by the multi-axis support 40 is first performed on the distal edge portion 31. Since the tip edge portion 31 is pointed to the front side in the rotation direction, the welding torch 55 of the automatic welding machine 50 performs overlay welding from the upper side in a state where the tab 5 is brought into contact with the side (lower surface side) opposite to the welding machine by the manipulator 20. That is, as shown in fig. 8 (b), the tab 5 is brought into contact with the side opposite to the welding torch (the side opposite to the welding machine) along the lower surface of the tip edge portion 31, and welding is performed from the upper side by the welding torch 55, so that the build-up welding thickness is prevented from being excessively accumulated on the side opposite to the welding torch, and the rework of the tip edge portion 31 after welding is facilitated. The adjusting fin 5 (pad) is made of refractory ceramic block or metal block such as copper block.

In the posture of welding by welding torch 55, welding torch 55 is basically welded downward with its tip facing downward, and cutting blade 3 is held in a posture so as to be slightly raised from the horizontal. In this welding posture, the posture of the cutting blade 3 is controlled to be the most suitable posture by the multi-axis support 40, and the posture of the welding torch 55 is controlled by the automatic welding machine 50.

As shown in fig. 9 (a) to 9 (c), in detail of the overlay welding of the tip lip portion 31, as shown in fig. 9 (a), first, arc spot welding 33, 34[ (1), (2) ] is performed by a welding torch 55 sequentially at both ends (a), (B) in the thickness direction of the tip lip portion 31. Then, as shown in fig. 9 (b), build-up welding 30[ (3) ] is continuously performed between the arc spot welding 33 and 34 of the distal edge portion 31. Such overlay welding 30 is first performed from the position (a) to the position (B) where the arc spot welding 33 is performed, and the arc spot welding 33 and 34 effectively prevent uneven welding. In this example, as shown in fig. 9 (c), two-layer build-up welding 30 is performed. The overlay welding 30 on the tip edge portion 31 is most likely to be worn, and therefore, two or more layers are preferable.

Next, as shown in fig. 10, the side edge portion 32 of the cutting blade 3 is subjected to build-up welding. This build-up welding is also performed by welding torch 55 in an attitude substantially in which the tip of torch 55 is welded downward, and the attitude of cutting blade 3 is controlled so as to be slightly raised from the horizontal. In this welding posture, the posture of the cutting blade 3 is controlled to be the most suitable posture by the multi-axis support 40, and the posture of the welding torch 55 is controlled by the automatic welding machine 50.

As shown in fig. 11 (a) and 11 (B), the weld deposit 30 on the side lip portion 32 is formed by arc spot welding 35, 36[ (4) and (5) ] sequentially at the positions of both the ends (C) and (D) in the thickness direction of the acute angle portion at the end portion in the counter rotation direction of the cutting blade 3, and as shown in fig. 11 (B), the weld deposit 30[ (6) and (7) ] is continuously formed from the positions of the ends (C) and (D) at which the arc spot welding 35 and 36 is performed to the positions (a) and (B) of the tip lip portion 31. The overlay welding 30 is also performed from the position (C) of the arc spot welding 35 performed in front to the position (a) of the distal edge portion 31, and the spot welding 35 and 36 effectively prevent uneven welding.

Next, as shown in fig. 12, the other-side lip portion 32 sandwiching the tip lip portion 31 is subjected to build-up welding. This build-up welding is also performed by welding torch 55 in an attitude substantially in which the tip of torch 55 is welded downward, and the attitude of cutting blade 3 is controlled so as to be slightly raised from the horizontal. In this welding posture, the posture of the cutting blade 3 is controlled to be the most suitable posture by the multi-axis support 40, and the posture of the welding torch 55 is controlled by the automatic welding machine 50.

As shown in fig. 13, the weld 30 on the side lip portion 32 is formed by continuously performing weld 30[ (8), (9) ] from the positions of the circumferential ends (E), (F) of the side lip portion 32 to the positions (a), (B) of the tip lip portion 31. Since the positions of the circumferential ends (E) and (F) are not acute angles, the above-described arc spot welding 35 and 36 is not performed to perform the overlay welding 30.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view showing a state where slag is removed after welding at the side edge portion shown in fig. 13. As described above, once the build-up welding 30 (fig. 13) is completed on the tip edge portion 31 and the side edge portion 32 of the cutting blade 3, the manipulator 20 grips the brush 7 with the 1 st gripping portion 26 and moves the brush 7 along the side edge portion 32 to sweep away the slag in order to remove the slag of the build-up welding 30.

In addition, using the time for removing the slag in this way, the welding torch 55 of the automatic welding machine 50 performs adjustment of the welding wire, cleaning of torch spatter, cleaning of the inside of the welding torch, adjustment of the length of the welding wire, and the like by the torch adjustment machine 56 shown in fig. 1 in preparation for the next welding.

In the case of performing the multilayer overlay welding 30 on the side lip portion 32, the weld proceeding direction may be reversed in the odd-numbered layers and the even-numbered layers, and the recesses at the weld ends may be dispersed.

Fig. 15 (a) is a perspective view showing an inspection state after build-up welding of the flowchart shown in fig. 5, and fig. 15 (b) is a perspective view showing a state of manual correction. As shown in the drawing, when the build-up welding 30 by the automatic welding machine 50 is completed, the cutting blade 3 is temporarily carried out to the determination unit 82 by the carrying-in/out machine 15, and the operator M performs a visual inspection (fig. 1). As shown in fig. 15 (a), this inspection is performed by inspecting the build-up amount of the build-up welding 30 with an inspection tool 84. In this inspection, when the build-up amount is found to be insufficient, as shown in fig. 15 (b), build-up correction is performed by manual operation by the operator M using a welding torch 83a of the manual correction welding machine 83 (fig. 1).

Fig. 16 is a perspective view showing a state in which the cutting blade is moved toward the post-weld heat treatment machine at the time of the post-weld heat treatment in the flowchart shown in fig. 5. The cutting blade 3 inspected as described above is carried into the inside of the partition wall 2 again by the carrying in/out machine 15 (fig. 1), placed on the mounting table 72 of the post-weld heat treatment machine 70 by the handling robot 20, and put into the post-weld heat treatment machine 70 through the opening/closing opening 71. The cutting blade 3 is subjected to a post-weld heat treatment in the post-weld heat treatment machine 70 for a predetermined time.

The cutting blade 3 subjected to the post-weld heat treatment by the post-weld heat treatment machine 70 is returned to a predetermined position of the standby space 4 by the manipulator 20 (fig. 1). The cutting blade 3 subjected to the post-weld heat treatment is subjected to the above-described rough machining and finish machining by a machining machine not shown, and becomes the cutting blade 3 from which the tip edge portion 31 and the side edge portion 32 are regenerated.

The method of regenerating the cutting blade shown in fig. 8 to 16 described above is a description of a case where the manual correction of the cutting blade 3 is required, and when there is no need to prevent the automatic welding machine 50 from generating the "slight stop" of the cutting blade 3 during the automatic welding by the manual correction, all the steps for the manual correction may be omitted.

Fig. 17 (a) is a side view showing a rotary blade on which the cutting blade shown in fig. 16 is disposed, and fig. 17 (b) is a side view showing another cutting blade.

As shown in fig. 17 (a), if the above-described regenerative divided cutting blade 3 is used, the rotary blade 10 on which the hardened overlay welding material is overlaid can be regenerated over the entire circumference of the tip lip portion 31 and the side lip portion 32 in a state of being attached around the blade base 106 (having the same configuration as that of fig. 19), and therefore a shear type crushing apparatus can be used which can reduce the cost and the running cost required for the cutting blade 3 compared to the case of replacing with a new blade. Further, the hardened surfacing material is used for the entire circumference of the edge portion of the rotary blade 10 rotating in the rotation direction R, and the rotary blade 10 having a high hardness edge portion can be formed.

As shown in fig. 17 (b), the divided cutting blade 3 is described as an example in the above embodiment, but the integrated cutting blade 11 may be regenerated in the same manner. In the case of the integral type cutting blade 11 in which the cutting blade 3 and the blade base 106 are integrally formed, the configuration is changed such that the multi-axis support 40 can support the integral type cutting blade 11 and perform attitude control, and the side blade portions 32 from the end portion of the leading edge blade portion 31 to the end portion of the next leading edge blade portion 31 are continuously and automatically welded. Further, if the integral type cutting blade 11 in which the tip edge portion 31 and the side edge portion 32 are subjected to the build-up welding 30 is used, the integral type cutting blade 11 in which the most effective tip edge portion 31 and side edge portion 32 are formed of a hardened build-up welding material having high hardness can be regenerated, and therefore, a shear type crushing apparatus can be used which can reduce the cost and the running cost required for the integral type cutting blade 11 as compared with a case where a new blade is replaced. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the divided cutting blade 3, but is also applicable to the integrated cutting blade 11.

In the case of the above-described recycling machine 1 of the embodiment, the description has been given mainly of the structure in which the bead weld 30 is applied to the recycled cutting blade 3, but it is preferable that various machines and the recycling machine are disposed to be able to continuously operate so as to include a device for chamfering the cutting edges 31 and 32 of the cutting blade 3 stored in storage and a device (the above-described vertical milling machine, rotary grinding machine, or the like) for recycling the cutting edges 31 and 32 of the cutting blade 3 on which the bead weld 30 is applied.

The above embodiments are merely examples, and various modifications are possible within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.

Industrial applicability

The method for regenerating a cutting blade according to the present invention can be used for regenerating a cutting blade used in a shear type crusher.

Claims (8)

1. A device for regenerating a cutting blade having a blade tip portion protruding outward from a fixed portion, the blade tip portion having a tip portion pointed in a rotational direction, and a side portion at a side outer end portion including the blade tip portion, the device comprising a regeneration device for regenerating the cutting blade having a blade tip portion protruding outward from the fixed portion, the regeneration device including a blade tip portion having a tip portion pointed in the rotational direction, and a side portion having a side portion

A carrying-in/out device for carrying in/out the repairable cutting blade,

An operation manipulator for moving the cutting blade carried in by the carrying-in and carrying-out machine,

A preheater for preheating the cutting blade at a predetermined temperature,

A multi-axis supporting machine for supporting the cutting blade preheated by the preheating machine and displacing the cutting blade to a predetermined welding posture,

An automatic welding machine for automatically and continuously overlaying and hardening a surfacing material on the cutting edge of the cutting blade in accordance with the posture of the cutting blade displaced by the multi-axis support machine,

A post-weld heat treatment machine for performing post-weld heat treatment at a predetermined temperature on the cutting blade bead-welded by the automatic welding machine, and

and a controller for conveying the cutting blade to the preheater for preheating, conveying the cutting blade to the multi-axis support device after the preheating, supporting the cutting blade by the multi-axis support device, changing the posture of the cutting blade by the multi-axis support device, performing overlay welding on the cutting edge by the automatic welding machine, and conveying the cutting blade to the post-weld heat treatment device after the overlay welding is performed, and performing post-weld heat treatment.

2. The device for regenerating a cutting edge according to claim 1, wherein the manipulator has a function of bringing the flux adjusting tab into contact with and supporting the cutting edge portion on a side opposite to the automatic welding machine when the bead welding of the cutting edge portion is performed by the automatic welding machine.

3. The apparatus for regenerating a cutting blade according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multi-axis support has a function of displacing the cutting blade when performing the build-up welding, performing the welding in a downward welding posture, and maintaining a welding posture in which a front side is high and a rear side is low.

4. The device for regenerating a cutting blade according to claim 3, wherein said automatic welding machine has a function of moving a welding torch provided in the automatic welding machine in cooperation with the displacement of the cutting blade by said multi-axis supporting machine to maintain a welding posture of downward and high front and low back.

5. A method of regenerating a cutting edge portion of a cutting edge by the regenerating device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge has a cutting edge tip portion protruding outward from a fixed portion, the cutting edge tip portion has a tip edge portion pointed in a rotational direction, and a side edge portion is provided at a side outer end portion including the cutting edge tip portion, the regenerating method comprising sequentially performing the steps of

A chamfering step of performing a predetermined chamfering to the edge part of the cutting blade capable of being repaired,

A preheating step of preheating the chamfered cutting edge at a predetermined temperature,

A build-up welding step of automatically and continuously building up and hardening a build-up welding material from one end of the cutting edge portion to the other end of the cutting edge portion, wherein the welding torch is displaced in cooperation with the displacement of the cutting edge by the multi-axis support so as to maintain a welding posture in which the welding torch is directed downward and the welding torch is advanced upward and downward, and the cutting edge portion is chamfered by the pre-heat treatment of the cutting edge portion,

A post-weld heat treatment step of performing a post-weld heat treatment at a predetermined temperature on the cut blade subjected to the build-up welding, and

and a machining step of regenerating and machining the bead weld portion of the cutting blade subjected to the post-weld heat treatment to a predetermined cutting edge portion.

6. The method for regenerating a cutting edge according to claim 5, wherein an inspection step of inspecting whether or not a build-up state of the build-up welding is appropriate is performed after the build-up welding step, and a correction step of performing appropriate build-up welding is performed on a portion of the build-up welding determined to be inappropriate in the inspection step.

7. The method for regenerating a cutting edge according to claim 5, wherein the build-up welding step is performed as follows: the robot arm brings the tab into contact with the lower surface of the distal edge portion pointed in the rotation direction of the outwardly projecting blade distal end portion of the cutting blade, and after performing the overlay welding of the distal edge portion, the side edge portion is subjected to the overlay welding.

8. The method for regenerating a cutting edge according to claim 5, wherein the movement of the cutting edge between the preheating step, the build-up welding step, and the post-weld heat treatment step is performed by a robot.