HK1155955B

HK1155955B - Thienopyridone derivatives as amp-activated protein kinase (ampk) activators

Info

Publication number: HK1155955B
Application number: HK11110251.0A
Authority: HK
Inventors: Daniel Cravo; Franck Lepifre; Sophie Hallakou-Bozec; Christine Charon
Original assignee: Merck Patent Gmbh
Priority date: 2008-04-11
Filing date: 2009-03-17
Publication date: 2015-08-28

Description

Thienopyridone derivatives as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators

Technical Field

The present invention relates to thienopyridone derivatives of formula (I) which are activators of AMPK-activated protein kinase (AMPK).

The invention also relates to the preparation of these thienopyridones and their use in the treatment of disorders such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, cancer, inflammation.

Background

The object of the present invention was to find new compounds with valuable properties, in particular those which can be used for the preparation of medicaments.

The present invention relates to compounds useful for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, cancer, inflammation.

The invention also provides methods of treating diseases and conditions treatable by activation of AMPK comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of the invention.

The present invention therefore relates to the compounds of the invention as medicaments and/or pharmaceutically active ingredients in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of said diseases, to the use of the compounds of the invention for the preparation of medicaments for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of said diseases, and to methods for the treatment of said diseases, which comprise administering one or more compounds of the invention to a patient in need of such administration.

Surprisingly, we found that thienopyridone derivatives activate AMPK; therefore, these compounds are particularly suitable for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, cancer, inflammation. It has been found that the compounds of the invention and their salts have very valuable pharmacological properties while being well tolerated. They exhibit in particular an AMPK activating effect.

The host or patient may belong to any mammalian species, e.g. primates, particularly humans, rodents; including mice, rats and hamsters; a rabbit; horses, cattle, dogs, cats, etc. Animal models are of interest for experimental studies in which they provide a model for the treatment of human disease.

AMPK has been well established as a sensor and regulator of cellular energy homeostasis (Hardie D.G. and Hawley S.A.; "AMP-activated protein kinase: the energy charge hypothesis review)". Bioassays, 23, 1112, (2001), Kemp B.E. et al, "AMP-activated protein kinase, hypermetabolic regulator (AMP-activated protein kinase, hypermetabolic regulator)", Biochem; Soc.transactions, 31, 162 (2003)). Allosteric activation of this kinase by elevated AMP levels occurs in a state of cellular energy depletion. The resulting serine/threonine phosphorylation of the target enzyme leads to an adaptation of cellular metabolism to low energy states. The net effect of AMPK activation-induced changes is to inhibit ATP consuming processes and to activate ATP producing pathways, and thus regenerate ATP stores. Examples of AMPK substrates include acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and HMG-CoA-reductase (Carling D. et al, "common bicyclic protein kinase cascades inactivate regulatory enzymes of fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis" (A communic protein kinases enzymes of fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis), "FEBS letters, 223, 217 (1987)). Phosphorylation and resultant inhibition of ACC leads to a decrease in fatty acid synthesis (which consumes ATP) and simultaneously to an increase in fatty acid oxidation (which generates ATP). Phosphorylation and the resulting inhibition of HMG-CoA-reductase leads to a decrease in cholesterol synthesis. Other substrates for AMPK include hormone sensitive lipase (phosphorylation of bovine hormone sensitive lipase by AMP-activated protein kinase, et al; a possible anti-lipolysis mechanism (phosphorylation of bovine hormone-sensitive lipase by AMP-activated lipase; an available anti-lipolytic mechanism, Eur. J. biochem.179, 249, (1989)), glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (Muoo D. M., et al, "AMP-activated kinase cross-regulates triglyceride synthesis and fatty acid oxidation in liver and muscle; evidence that sn-glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase is a new target (AMP-activated kinase regulated lipase and fatty acid oxidation), glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (CoA-glycerol-3-phosphate decarboxylase, et al.) (CoA 338-phosphate decarboxylase, et al.), "activation of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (activation of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase in skeletal muscle and the AMP-activated protein kinase activator 5-amidiazole-4-caboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside)" in rat skeletal muscle by the activator of contraction and AMP-activated protein kinase, J.biol.chem., 275, 24279, (2000)).

AMPK is also involved in regulating liver metabolism. Elevated hepatic glucose production is the major cause of fasting hyperglycemia in T2D (saliel et al, "molecular pathogenesis of type 2diabetes and new perspective of treatment" (new perspectives in the molecular pathogenesis and treatment of type 2 diabetes), "Cell, 10, 517-529 (2001)). Gluconeogenesis in the liver is regulated by a variety of enzymes, such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6 Pase). Activation of AMPK inhibits transcription of these genes in hepatoma cells (Lochhead et al, "5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside mimics the effects of insulin on the expression of the 2 key gluconeogenic genes PEPCK and glucose-6-phosphatase (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside derivatives of the effects of insulin on the expression of the 2 key gluconeogenic genes PECK and glucose-6-phosphatase)", Diabetes, 49, 896-903 (2000)).

AMPK activation also down-regulates gluconeogenesis, which acts on the expression of several other genes. These effects can be attributed to the ability of key transcription factors, such as SREBP-1c (Zhou G. et al, "AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of action of metformin" (J. Clin. invest., 108, 7(2001)), ChrEBP (Kawaguchi T. et al, "fatty acid-sparing mechanism for glucose-induced transcription" -carbohydrate response element binding protein regulated by AMP-activated protein kinase (mechanism for regulating carbohydrate reaction on glucose induced transcription) "AMP. chem.277, 29. participating in regulation of carbohydrate binding protein kinase (liver kinase) in vitro binding protein by binding protein kinase J. Biokinase, 277, etc. (Lentic-type protein kinase, 2001-activated protein b-activated protein kinase, or the like (III-ligand-3) of human liver-receptor kinase, or the like (III-ligand-3-kinase) of the adult human type HN-kinase (III-3) of the liver-3-gamma-kinase in the mechanism of action of the type of diabetes mellitus (J. Biokinase) or the like is a novel target of AMP-activated protein kinase) "Diabetes, 50, 1515(2001)) or by direct phosphorylation of transcriptional co-activators, such as p300(Yang W; et al, "modulation of transcription by AMP-activated protein kinase; phosphorylation of p300 blocks its interaction with nuclear receptors (Regulation of transcription by AMP-activated protein kinase; Phosphorylation of p300 blocks interactions with nuclear receptors) "J.biol.chem.276, 38341(2001)) and TORC 2.

AMPK is considered an attractive candidate for contraction-induced skeletal muscle glucose uptake because it is activated in parallel with increased AMP and decreased phosphocreatine energy stores (Hutber et al, "Electrical stimulation inactivates muscle acetyl-CoA carboxylase and increases AMP-activated protein kinase (Electrical stimulation inactivates muscle acetyl-CoA carboxylase) am.j.physiological. endothelial. metal. metal.272, E262-E66 (1997)). In addition, AICAR-induced AMPK activation increases glucose uptake (Merrill et al, "AICA ribonucleosides increase AMP-activated protein kinase, fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake in rat muscle (AICA Ribose enzymes AMP-activated protein kinase, fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake in rat muscle)" am.J.Physiol.Endocrinol.Metab.273, E1107-E1112(1997)), accompanied by fusion of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4) to the plasma membrane (Kurth-Krank "5' -AMP-activated protein kinase activation causes GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle proteins, 16648, □ (1671999)). Overexpression of the kinase death subunit in skeletal muscle eliminates AICAR, but partially impairs contractile stimulated glucose uptake (Mu j. et al, "role of AMP-activated protein kinase in contraction and hypoxia-regulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle", mol. cell.7, 1085-. These findings suggest that an additional pathway mediates contraction-induced glucose uptake, whereas it is apparent that AMPK mediates the effects of AICAR on glucose uptake.

Despite extensive research into upstream stimuli that activate AMPK, there is a lack of research into downstream substrates of AMPK that mediate glucose uptake. More recent reports have revealed that the 160kDa Akt substrate (AS160) is an important downstream substrate of Akt involved in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. In addition to insulin, contraction and AMPK activation by AICAR are also associated with increased phosphorylation of AS160 in rodent skeletal muscle. Phosphorylation of AS160 in response to AICAR treatment was impaired or abolished in skeletal muscle from mice with AMPKa2 knockdown, g3 knockdown, and a 2-kinase death (Treeback et al, "AMPK-mediated AS160 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle is dependent on AMPK catalytic and regulatory subunits (AMPK-mediated AS160 phosphorylation in skin tissue and regulation subunits)," Diabetes (2006)). This confirms the results of a study of impaired AICAR-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle of these mice (Jorgensen s.b. et al, knock-out of the a2but not knock-out of the a1 isoform of5 '-AMP-activated protein kinase abolishes5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1b-4 ribofuranoside-induced glucose uptake but not abolishes contraction-induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle (knock-out of the a2but a 15' -AMP-activated protein kinase isozyme of diabetes 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1b-4 ribofuranosyl peptide kinase-induced glucose uptake), j.biol. chem.279, 2004-1079 (1070). AS160 was thus shown to be a downstream target for AMPK in mediating glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Taken together, all these metabolic actions provide the following evidence: AMPK inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipid production while reducing hepatic lipid deposition through increased lipid oxidation, thus improving glucose and lipid profiles in T2D.

More recently, it has become apparent that AMPK is involved not only in regulating cellular energy metabolism but also in regulating the energy metabolism throughout the body. It has been found that the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin, stimulates AMPK and thus increases fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle (Minokoshi y. et al, "leptin stimulates fatty acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase," Nature, 415, 339 (2002)). Adiponectin, another adipocyte-derived hormone that has been shown to lead to improvements in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, stimulates AMPK in the liver and skeletal muscle (yamanauchi et al, "adiponectin stimulates glucose utilization and fatty acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase" (adipokines kinases), Nature Medicine, 8, 1288, (2002)), Tomas e.g., "muscle fat oxidation and glucose transport enhanced by ACRP30globular domain: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibition and AMP-activated protein kinase activation (Enhanced muscle enzyme oxidation and gfucose transport by ACRP30 microbial domain: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibition and AMP-activating protein kinase activation) "PNAS, 99, 16309, (2002)). Activation of AMPK in these environments appears to be unrelated to elevated cellular AMP levels, but rather due to phosphorylation by one or more upstream kinases that are still to be identified.

Based on the recognition of the above-mentioned results of AMPK activation, it is expected that in vivo activation of AMPK will produce a significant beneficial effect. In the liver, decreased expression of gluconeogenic enzymes will reduce hepatic glucose production and improve overall glucose homeostasis, and direct inhibition and/or reduction of expression of key enzymes in lipid metabolism will increase glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation, with resultant improvement in glucose homeostasis and improved insulin action due to decreased accumulation of triglycerides in muscle cells. Finally, an increase in energy expenditure will lead to a decrease in body weight. The combination of these effects in metabolic syndrome is expected to significantly reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

Several studies in rodents support the hypothesis that infusion of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1 (. beta) -D-ribofuranoside on glucose metabolism in lean and obese Zucker rats in vivo (Effect of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1(beta) -D-ribofuranoside infusion on vitamin glucose in mice, Diabetes, 50, 1076 (2001); Song S.M. et al, treatment with 5-aminoimidazole-4-dicarboxamide ribofuranoside improves glucose homeostasis in diabetic (ob/ob) mice with insulin resistance (5-aminoimidazole-4-dicarboxylic acid dietary peptides/dietary peptides) ", diabetologia, 45, 56 (2002); halseth a.e. et al, "Acute and chronic treatment of ob/ob and db/db mice with AICAR to lower blood glucose concentrations (act and chronic treatment of ob/ob and db/db mice with AICAR derivatives glucose concentrations)", biochem.and biophysis.res.comm., 294, 798 (2002); buhl E.S. et al, "Long-term AICAR administration reduces metabolic disorders and lowers blood pressure in rats characterized by insulin resistance syndrome (Long-term AICAR administration of metabolic and lower blood pressure in rats displayingfeatures of the insulin resistance syndrome)", Diabetes, 51, 2199 (2002). Until recently, most in vivo studies relied on the AMPK activator AICAR, a cell-permeable precursor of ZMP. ZMP acts as an intracellular AMP mimic and, when accumulated to a sufficiently high level, is able to stimulate AMPK activity (Corton j.m. et al, "5-aminoimidazole-4-dicarboxamide ribonucleoside, a specific method for activating AMP-activated protein kinase in intact cells. However, ZMP is also used as an AMP mimetic in the modulation of other enzymes, and thus is not a specific AMPK activator (music n. and Goodyear l.j., "Targeting AMP-activated protein kinase for the treatment of type 2diabetes mellitus" (Targeting the AMP-activated protein kinase for the treatment of type 2 diabetes), Current drug targets-immume, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, 2119 (2002)). Several in vivo studies have demonstrated the beneficial Effect of acute and chronic AICAR administration in rodent models of obesity and type 2Diabetes (Bergeron r. et al, "5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1 b-D-ribofuranoside infusion on glucose metabolism in lean and obese Zucker rats (Effect of5-aminoimidazole-4-carboximide-1(beta) -D-ribofuranoside infusion on vitamin glucose metabolism and obesity Zucker rates", Diabetes, 50, 1076 (2001); sos.m. et al, "treatment with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside improves glucose homeostasis (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxanolide) in mice with insulin resistance (antidiabetic/ob)", diabetologia, 45, 56 (2002); halseth a.e. et al, "Acute and chronic treatment of ob/ob and db/db mice with AICAR reduces blood glucose concentrations (attack and cyclic treatment of ob/ob and db/db mice with AICAR derivatives glucose concentrations)", biochem. Buhl e.s. et al, "Long-term AICAR administration reduces metabolic disorders and lowers blood pressure in rats that exhibit characteristics of the insulin resistance syndrome (Long-term metabolic disorders and lower blood pressure in rats displaying features of the insulin resistance syndrome)", Diabetes, 51, 2199 (2002). For example, administration of AICAR7 for weeks in obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats results in a reduction in plasma triglycerides and free fatty acids, an increase in HDL cholesterol, and a normalization of glucose metabolism as assessed by the oral glucose tolerance test (Minokoshi y. et al, "Leptin stimulating fatty acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase" (Nature, 415, 339, -2002)). In ob/ob and db/db mice, administration of AICAR 8 daily reduced blood glucose by 35% (Halseth a.e. et al, "Acute and chronic treatment of ob/ob and db/db mice with AICAR reduced blood glucose concentrations (act and chronic treatment of ob/ob and db/db with AICAR preparations concentrations)", biochem. biophysis. res. comm., 294, 798 (2002)). In addition to AICAR, it has been discovered that high concentrations of the diabetic drug Metformin can activate AMPK in vivo (Zhou G. et al, "Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in the mechanism of action of Metformin" (J. Clin. invest., 108, 1167 (2001); Musi N. et al, "Metformin enhances AMP-activated protein kinase activity in skeletal muscle of subjects with type 2Diabetes mellitus" (Diabetes mellitus, 51, 2074, (2002)), although it is still to be determined to what extent antidiabetic action is dependent on this activation. Like leptin and adiponectin, the stimulatory effect of metformin is produced indirectly by activating upstream kinases (Zhou g. et al, "Role of AMP-activated protein kinases in mechanism of action of metformin" j. clin. invest., 108, 1167 (2001)).

More recently, a small molecule AMPK activator has been reported. This direct AMPK activator named a-769662 (a member of the thienopyridinone family) induces plasma glucose and triglyceride lowering in vivo (cool. b. et al, "Identification and characterization of small molecule AMPK activators of type 2diabetes mellitus and the key component of the metabolic syndrome treatment (Identification and characterization of small molecule AMPK activators of type 2diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome)", Cell metal, 3, 403-416, (2006)).

In addition to pharmacological measures, several transgenic mouse models have been developed over the past few years and preliminary results have been available initially. Expression of dominant negative AMPK in skeletal muscle of transgenic mice has shown that the Role of AICAR in stimulating glucose transport is dependent on AMPK activation (Mu j. et al, "Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in contractile and hypoxia regulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle" (Role for AMP-activated protein kinase in linkage and hypoxia regulated), mol.cell.7, 1085(2001)), and thus may not be caused by nonspecific ZMP effects. Similar studies in other tissues will help to further define the consequences of AMPK activation. Pharmacological activation of AMPK is expected to be beneficial in metabolic syndrome with improved glucose and lipid metabolism and weight loss. In determining that a patient has metabolic syndrome, 3 of the following 5 criteria must be met: abdominal obesity with blood pressure above 130/85mmHg, fasting plasma glucose above 110mg/dl, waist circumference above 40 "(male) or 35" (female) and blood lipid changes as defined by triglycerides above 150mg/dl or HDL cholesterol below 40mg/dl (male) or 50mg/dl (female). Thus, the combined effect that can be achieved by activating AMPK in patients identified as suffering from metabolic syndrome will increase the value of this target.

Stimulation of AMPK in skeletal muscle has been shown to stimulate the expression of uncoupling protein 3(UCP3) (Zhou m., et al, "UCP-3 expression in skeletal muscle: the effects of exercise, hypoxia and AMP-activated protein kinase" (UCP-3 expression in skin muscles: effects of exercise, hypoxia, an AMP-activated protein kinase) ", AM.J.Physiol.Endocrinol.Metab.279, E622, (2000)) and thus may be a method of preventing injury due to reactive oxygen species. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) has been shown to be activated by AMPK-mediated phosphorylation (Chen z. -p. et al, "AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (FEBS Letters, 443, 285, (1999)), and thus AMPK activation can be used to improve local circulation.

AMPK plays a role in regulating the mTOR pathway. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase and a key regulator of protein synthesis. To inhibit cell growth and protect cells from glucose starvation induced apoptosis, AMPK phosphorylates TSC2 at Thr-1227 and Ser-1345, thereby increasing TSC1 and TSC-2 complex activity to inhibit m-TOR. In addition, AMPK inhibits mTOR action by phosphorylation at Thr-2446. Thus, AMPK indirectly and directly inhibits the activity of mTOR to limit protein synthesis. AMPK may also be a therapeutic target for a variety of cancers with constitutively activated PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Treatment of various cancer cell lines with AICAR attenuated cell proliferation in both in vitro and in vivo studies (Giri R; R., "5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1- β -4-ribofuranoside inhibits cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) (5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-4-ribofuranoside in cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, j. biol. chem. 2005 (AMPK))). Two reports link Metformin therapy to a lower risk of cancer in diabetic patients (Evans j.m. "Metformin and reduced risk of cancer in diabetic patients" (BMJ, 330, 1304-1305, (2005)).

AMPK activated by AICAR has been shown to reduce the expression of lipase FAS and ACC, resulting in the inhibition of prostate cancer cell proliferation. A variety of cancer cells exhibit a significantly increased rate of de novo fatty acid synthesis associated with high levels of FAS. Inhibition of FAS suppresses cancer cell proliferation and induces cell death. AMPK activation and inhibition of FAS activity is therefore a clear target for pharmacological treatment of cancer.

In some publications, AICAR has been described to exhibit anti-inflammatory disease effects as an AMPK activator. It has been observed that AICAR attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokine and mediator production (s.giri et al, j.neuroscience 2004, 24: 479-.

Prior Art

US5,602,144 discloses thienopyridinone derivatives for the treatment of cerebral ischemia or schizophrenia.

US7,119,205 discloses thienopyridinone derivatives as AMPK activators for the treatment of diabetes, obesity.

WO2007019914 discloses thienopyridone derivatives as AMPK activators for the treatment of diabetes, obesity.

Summary of The Invention

The invention relates to compounds of formula (I)

Wherein:

R¹h, A, OA, OH, Hal, NO₂、COOA、COOH、CHO、COA、CONH₂、CONHA、CONA₂、CN、SO₂A、SO₂NH₂Ar or Het, R²、R³Each independently of the others, Ar or Het,

ar denotes phenyl, naphthyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by A, Hal, OA, OH, CHO, COA, NH₂、NHA、NA₂、NO₂、COOA、COOH、CONH₂、CONA、CONA₂、SO₂A、CN、C(＝NH)NH₂C (═ NH) NHOH and/or Het is mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-or pentasubstituted,

het denotes a monocyclic or bicyclic, unsaturated or aromatic heterocycle having 1 to 4N, O and/or S atoms which may be substituted by Hal, A, OA, OH, CHO, COA, COOH, COOA, CN, NO₂、NH₂、NHA、NA₂、CONH₂CONHA and/or CONA₂Mono-, di-or tri-substituted,

a denotes straight-chain or branched alkyl having 1 to 10C atoms, where 1 to 7H atoms may be replaced by OH, F, Cl and/or Br, or cycloalkyl having 3 to 7C atoms,

hal is F, Cl, Br or I,

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof in all ratios,

excluding compounds of the formula (I) in which

-R¹＝H，R²A phenyl group; r³3-methoxyphenyl radical

-R¹＝H；R²＝R³Is phenyl

-R¹＝H，R²Is phenyl, R³2-thiazolyl.

Some preferred compounds of formula (I) are as follows:

3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester,

3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester,

3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid,

3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-N-methyl-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide,

3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-2, 3, 5-triphenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridine-carboxamide,

3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-2-methanesulfonyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-cyano-3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-2-methyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (2-methoxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (2-methoxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (2-benzyloxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-5- (pyridin-4-yl) -2-methyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-5- (pyridin-3-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (4-methoxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (4-methoxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (4-cyanophenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (4-dimethylaminophenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (4-methoxyphenyl) -2-methyl-3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methyl-3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (4- (aminohydroxyiminomethyl) phenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (4-methanesulfonylphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4- (2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-5-yl) benzoic acid,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (4-trifluoromethylphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4- (2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-3-yl) benzamide,

n-methyl-4- (2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-3-yl) benzamide,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (3-methoxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (3-hydroxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (3-methoxyphenyl) -2-methyl-3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (3-methoxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (3-cyanophenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (3- (aminohydroxyiminomethyl) phenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (3-methanesulfonylphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-3-yl) benzoic acid,

4-hydroxy-5- (3-trifluoromethylphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (3-trifluoromethylphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (3-aminoiminomethylphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one hydrochloride,

n-methyl-3- (2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-3-yl) benzamide,

3- (4-bromophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (4-chlorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (4-bromophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5- (pyridin-3-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (4-bromophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5- (pyridin-4-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (4-bromophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5- (pyridin-2-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (4-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (naphthalen-2-yl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (naphthalen-2-yl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (1-hydroxy-naphthalen-2-yl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (1-hydroxy-naphthalen-2-yl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-trifluoromethylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-n-butylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (4-n-butylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-hydroxymethylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3, 5-bis- (4-methoxyphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3, 5-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-methoxyphenyl) -5- (4-fluorophenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -5- (4-fluorophenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -5- (4-fluorophenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-fluorophenyl) -5- (4-methoxyphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (4-fluorophenyl) -5- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (4-fluorophenyl) -5- (3-cyanophenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (4-fluorophenyl) -6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-5-yl) benzoic acid,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (4-methoxyphenyl) -5- (3-cyanophenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4- (4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-3-yl) benzamide,

4-hydroxy-3- (3-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (3-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (3-hydroxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (3-ethoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (3-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (3-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (3-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3-bromophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (3-hydroxymethylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (3-hydroxymethylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (3-methanesulfonylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-benzyloxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (2-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-bromophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-chlorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (2-chlorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2, 4-dimethoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (2-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (2-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2, 4-difluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (2, 4-difluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (5-chloro-2-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-benzyloxy-4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-benzyloxy-4-fluorophenyl) -2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-fluorophenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-fluorophenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3, 5-dibenzyloxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3, 5-dihydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-benzyloxy-5-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (3-methoxy-4-bromophenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (3-hydroxy-4-bromophenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-benzyloxy-5-fluorophenyl) -2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (4-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (4-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2, 6-difluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (2, 6-difluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-benzyloxy-5-methoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-methoxy-4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-methoxy-4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (3-methoxy-4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (3-methoxy-4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (3-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (3-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-methoxy-4-methylphenyl) -5- (3-cyanophenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5- (3-cyanophenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5- (3-cyanophenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2, 6-dihydroxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-6-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (1, 4-benzodi)Alk-6-yl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b](ii) a pyridin-6-one,

3- (1, 4-benzodi)Alk-6-yl) -2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b](ii) a pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (3, 4-difluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4- (4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-3-yl) benzoic acid,

4- (2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-3-yl) benzoic acid,

3- (3-carboxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (furan-2-yl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (furan-2-yl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (pyrazin-2-yl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-3- (pyridin-3-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-3- (pyridin-3-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-3- (pyridin-4-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-3- (pyridin-4-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-bromo-3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one.

These preferred compounds selected are:

2-cyano-3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

4-hydroxy-5- (2-methoxyphenyl) -2-methyl-3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (2-methylphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-5- (2-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-5- (pyridin-3-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (6-methoxypyridin-3-yl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-5- (thiophen-2-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-5- (thiophen-3-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (3-methyl) hydroxy-benzoic acidAzol-5-yl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b](ii) a pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-5- (4-trifluoromethylphenyl) -4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-5- (4-chlorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (4-methylphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-5- (3-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (3-methylphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5- (3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (4-chlorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (naphthalen-1-yl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (2-ethoxypyridin-5-yl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (4-ethylphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- [4- (1-methylethyl) phenyl ] -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-3- (4-propylphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (1-hydroxy-5-chloronaphthalen-2-yl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-3- (1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl) -5- (4-methylphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (4-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5- (4-methylphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (4-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5- (4-methoxyphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- [ 2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -6-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-5-yl ] -benzoic acid,

2-chloro-3- (4, 5-difluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5- (4-methylphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5- (pyridin-3-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (3, 4-dimethylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (3-fluoro-4-methyl-2-methoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3-fluoro-2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3-fluoro-4-methyl-2-methoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5- (4-methylphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3-fluoro-4-methyl-2-methoxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-methoxy-3, 4-dimethylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-3, 4-dimethylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (4-fluorophenyl) -5- (4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3-fluoro-2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5- (4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

3- (3-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-methylphenyl) -5- (4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (3-fluoro-2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5- (4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4, 5-dimethylphenylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (3, 4-difluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (3-fluoro-2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-fluoro-3- (3-fluoro-2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5- (4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (4-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5- (4-methoxyphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (4-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl) -5- (4-fluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (4-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5- (4-methylphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one.

The present invention relates to compounds of formula I and salts thereof, and to processes for the preparation of compounds of formula I according to claims 1-11, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and stereoisomers thereof, characterized in that a compound of formula (II) is cyclized under basic conditions, and/or a base or acid of formula I is converted into one of its salts,

wherein R is¹、R²、R³Has the meaning as indicated in claim 1, and ALK means C₁-C₆An alkyl group.

The invention also relates to racemic, tautomeric, enantiomeric, diastereomeric, epimeric and organic or inorganic salts of compounds of formula (I) and crystalline forms thereof, including polymorphic forms thereof and polymorphic forms of compounds of formula (I).

The invention relates not only to racemic mixtures of these compounds, but also to the individual stereoisomers and/or diastereomers thereof and to mixtures of these compounds in all ratios.

The invention also relates to stereoisomers (including E, Z isomer) and hydrates and solvates of these compounds. By solvate of the compound is meant an adduct of an inert solvent molecule on the compound, which is formed due to their mutual attraction. Solvates are for example mono-or dihydrate or alcoholates.

The compounds of formula I are also meant to be their pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives and their solvates.

Pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives mean, for example, salts of the compounds of the invention and also so-called prodrug compounds. Prodrug derivatives mean compounds of the formula I which have been modified, for example, with alkyl or acyl groups, sugars or oligopeptides and which are rapidly cleaved in organisms to form the active compounds of the invention.

These derivatives also include biodegradable polymer derivatives of the compounds of the invention, as described, for example, in J.Pharm.115, 61-67 (1995).

The term "prodrug" as used herein refers to any compound that, when administered to a biological system, produces a "drug" substance (biologically active compound) as a result of a spontaneous chemical reaction, an enzyme-catalyzed chemical reaction, and/or a metabolic chemical reaction.

The expression "effective amount" means the amount of a drug or pharmaceutically active ingredient that elicits the biological or medical response in a tissue, system, animal or human that is being sought, or targeted by, for example, a researcher or physician.

Furthermore, the term "therapeutically effective amount" refers to an amount that produces the following results, as compared to a corresponding individual who has not received that amount:

improving the treatment, curing, preventing or eliminating a disease, symptom, condition, complaint, disorder or prevention of a side effect or also slowing the progression of a disease, condition, disorder or side effect.

The expression "therapeutically effective amount" also includes an amount effective to increase normal physiological function.

The invention furthermore relates to mixtures of the compounds of the formula I according to the invention, for example mixtures of two diastereomers, for example mixtures in a ratio of 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 3, 1: 4, 1: 5, 1: 10, 1: 100 or 1: 1000.

These mixtures are particularly preferably mixtures of stereoisomeric compounds.

For all groups which occur more than once, their meanings are independent of one another.

In the above and in the following, unless expressly stated otherwise, the radicals and the parameters R¹、R²、R³Have the meaning indicated in formula I.

A denotes alkyl, which is straight-chain or branched and has 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7, 8, 9 or 10C atoms. A preferably denotes methyl, also ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl, also pentyl, 1-, 2-or 3-methylbutyl, 1-, 1, 2-or 2, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, 1-, 2-, 3-or 4-methylpentyl, 1-, 1, 2-, 1, 3-, 2, 2-, 2, 3-or 3, 3-dimethylbutyl, 1-or 2-ethylbutyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl, 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl, 1, 2-or 1, 2, 2-trimethylpropyl, also preferably, for example, trifluoromethyl. A particularly preferably denotes alkyl having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6C atoms, preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl or 1, 1, 1-trifluoroethyl.

In addition, A preferably means a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10C atoms, wherein 1 to 7H atoms may be replaced by OH, F and/or Cl.

Cycloalkyl preferably means cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cycloheptyl.

R¹Preferably H, A, Hal, COOA, COOH, CONH₂、CONHA、CONA₂、CN、SO₂A、SO₂NH₂Or a phenyl group.

R²Preferably phenyl, naphthyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by A, Hal, OA, OH, COOA, COOH, CONH₂、CONA、CONA₂And/or SO₂A is mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-or penta-substituted, or R²Refers to Het.

R³Preferably phenyl, naphthyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by A, Hal, OA, OH, NH₂、NHA、NA₂、COOA、COOH、CONH₂、CONA、CONA₂、SO₂A、CN、C(＝NH)NH₂And/or C (═ NH) NHOH is mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-or pentasubstituted, or R³Refers to Het.

Ar denotes, for example, phenyl, o-, m-or p-tolyl, o-, m-or p-ethylphenyl, o-, m-or p-propylphenyl, o-, m-or p-isopropylphenyl, o-, m-or p-tert-butylphenyl, o-, m-or p-hydroxyphenyl, o-, m-or p-nitrophenyl, o-, m-or p-aminophenyl, o-, m-or p- (N-methylamino) phenyl, o-, m-or p- (N-methylaminocarbonyl) phenyl, o-, m-or p-acetylaminophenyl, o-, m-or p-methoxyphenyl, o-, m-or p-ethoxyphenyl, o-, m-or p-ethoxycarbonylphenyl, o-, m-or p- (N, N-dimethylamino) phenyl, o-, m-or p- (N, N-dimethylaminocarbonyl) phenyl, o-, m-or p- (N-ethylamino) phenyl, o-, m-or p- (N, N-diethylamino) phenyl, o-, m-or p-fluorophenyl, o-, m-or p-bromophenyl, o-, m-or p-chlorophenyl, o-, m-or p- (methylsulfonylamino) phenyl, o-, m-or p- (methylsulfonyl) phenyl, o-, m-or p-cyanophenyl, o-, m-or p-ureidophenyl, o-, m-or p-formylphenyl, o-, m-or p-acetylphenyl, o-, m-or p-aminosulfonylphenyl, o-, m-or p-carboxyphenyl, o-, m-or p-carboxymethylphenyl, o-, m-or p-carboxymethoxyphenyl, preferably also 2, 3-, 2, 4-, 2, 5-, 2, 6-, 3, 4-or 3, 5-difluorophenyl, 2, 3-, 2, 4-, 2, 5-, 2, 6-, 3, 4-or 3, 5-dichlorophenyl, 2, 3-, 2, 4-, 2, 5-, 2, 6-, 3, 4-or 3, 5-dibromo-phenyl, 2, 4-or 2, 5-dinitrophenyl, 2, 5-or 3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl, 3-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl, 3-amino-4-chloro-, 2-amino-3-chloro-, 2-amino-4-chloro-, 2-amino-5-chloro-or 2-amino-6-chlorophenyl, 2-nitro-4-N, N-dimethylamino-or 3-nitro-4-N, N-dimethylaminophenyl, 2, 3-diaminophenyl, 2, 3, 4-, 2, 3, 5-, 2, 3, 6-, 2, 4, 6-or 3, 4, 5-trichlorophenyl, 2, 4, 6-trimethoxyphenyl, 2-hydroxy-3, 5-dichlorophenyl, p-iodophenyl, 3, 6-dichloro-4-aminophenyl, 4-fluoro-3-chlorophenyl, 2-fluoro-4-bromophenyl, 2, 5-difluoro-4-bromophenyl, 3-bromo-6-methoxyphenyl, 3-chloro-6-methoxyphenyl, 2, 4, 5-dichloro-4-bromophenyl, 4-fluoro-3-chlorophenyl, 2-fluoro-4-bromophenyl, and mixtures thereof, 3-chloro-acetamidophenyl, 3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl, 3-amino-6-methylphenyl, 3-chloro-4-acetamidophenyl or 2, 5-dimethyl-4-chlorophenyl.

Het means, irrespective of their further substitution, for example 2-or 3-furyl, 2-or 3-thienyl, 1-, 2-or 3-pyrrolyl, 1-, 2, 4-or 5-imidazolyl, 1-, 3-, 4-or 5-pyrazolyl, 2-, 4-or 5-Azolyl, 3-, 4-or 5-isoOxazolyl, 2-, 4-or 5-thiazolyl, 3-, 4-or 5-isothiazolyl, 2-, 3-or 4-pyridyl, 2-, 4-, 5-or 6-pyrimidinyl, and also preferably means 1, 2, 3-triazol-1-, -4-or-5-yl, 1, 2, 4-triazol-1-, -3-or 5-yl, 1-or 5-tetrazolyl, 1, 2, 3-Oxadiazol-4-or-5-yl, 1, 2, 4-Oxadiazol-3-or-5-yl, 1, 3, 4-thiadiazol-2-or-5-yl, 1, 2, 4-thiadiazol-3-or-5-yl, 1, 2, 3-thiadiazol-4-or-5-yl, 3-or 4-pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-or 7-indolyl, 4-or 5-isoindolyl, 1-, 2-, 4-or 5-benzimidazolyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-or 7-indazolyl, 1-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-or 7-benzopyrazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, 2-, 4-, 5-, 6-or 7-benzoAzolyl, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-or 7-benzisoxazoAzolyl, 2-, 4-, 5-, 6-or 7-benzothiazolyl, 2-, 4-, 5-, 6-or 7-benzisothiazolyl, 4-, 5-, 6-or 7-benzo-2, 1, 3-Diazolyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-quinolinyl, 1-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or,6-, 7-or 8-isoquinolinyl, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-cinnolinyl, 2-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-quinazolinyl, 5-or 6-quinazolylQuinolinyl, 2-, 3-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-2H-benzo-1, 4-Oxazinyl radical, also preferably refers to 1, 3-benzoDioxol-5-yl, 1, 4-benzodiAlk-6-yl, 2,1, 3-benzothiadiazol-4-or-5-yl or 2,1, 3-benzoOxadiazol-5-yl.

The heterocyclic group may also be partially or fully hydrogenated.

Het may thus also mean, for example, 2, 3-dihydro-2-, -3-, -4-or-5-furyl, 2, 5-dihydro-2-, -3-, -4-or 5-furyl, tetrahydro-2-or-3-furyl, 1, 3-dioxolan-4-yl, tetrahydro-2-or-3-thienyl, 2, 3-dihydro-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-or-5-pyrrolyl, 2, 5-dihydro-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-or-5-pyrrolyl, 1-, 1-, or, 2-or 3-pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydro-1-, -2-or 4-imidazolyl, 2, 3-dihydro-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-or 5-pyrazolyl, tetrahydro-1-, -3-or 4-pyrazolyl, 1, 4-dihydro-1-, -2-, -3-or 4-pyridyl, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-or 6-pyridyl, 1-, 2-, 3-or 4-piperidyl, 2-, 3-or 4-morpholinyl, tetrahydro-2-, -3-or 4-pyranyl, 1, 4-diAlkyl, 1, 3-diAlk-2-, -4-or-5-yl, hexahydro-1-, -3-or-4-pyridazinyl, hexahydro-1-, -2-, -4-or-5-pyrimidinyl, 1-, 2-or 3-piperazinyl, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7-or-8-quinolinyl, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7-or-8-isoquinolinyl, 2-, 3-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-3, 4-dihydro-2H-benzo-1, 4-Oxazinyl, preferably also 2, 3-methylenedioxyphenyl, 3, 4-methylenedioxyphenyl, 2, 3-ethylenedioxyphenyl, 3, 4- (difluoromethylenedioxy) -phenyl, 2, 3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-or 6-yl, 2, 3- (2-oxomethylenedioxy) -phenyl or also 3, 4-dihydro-2H-1, 5-benzodioxepin-6-or-7-yl, preferably also 2, 3-dihydro-benzofuranyl or 2, 3-dihydro-2-oxofuranyl.

Het preferably denotes a mono-or bicyclic aromatic heterocycle having 1 to 4N, O and/or S atoms.

Most preferably Het means pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, iso-pyridinylAzolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl,Oxazolyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thienyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl or indazolyl.

The present invention therefore relates in particular to compounds of the formula I in which at least one of the radicals mentioned has one of the preferred meanings mentioned above. Some preferred groups of compounds can be represented by the following subformulae Ia to Ig, which are identical to formula I and in which the radicals not described in further detail have the meanings stated in formula I, but in which:

in Ia, R¹H, A, Hal, COOA, COOH, CONH₂、CONHA、CONA₂、CN、SO₂A、SO₂NH₂Or phenyl;

in Ib, R²Means phenyl, naphthyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by A, Hal, OA, OH, COOA, COOH, CONH₂、CONA、CONA₂And/or SO₂A is mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-or penta-substituted or denotes Het;

in Ic, R³Means phenyl, naphthyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by A, Hal, OA, OH, NH₂、NHA、NA₂、COOA、COOH、CONH₂、CONA、CONA₂、SO₂A、CN、C(＝NH)NH₂And/or C (═ NH) NHOH is mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-or pentasubstituted, or refers to Het;

in Id, Het refers to a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocycle having 1 to 4N, O and/or S atoms;

in Ie, Het denotes pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, iso-pyridylAzolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl,Oxazolyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thienyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl or indazolyl;

in If, A denotes straight-chain or branched alkyl having 1 to 10C atoms, where 1 to 7H atoms may be replaced by OH, F, Cl and/or Br;

in the Ig class of the compounds, the compounds are,

R¹h, A, Hal, COOA, COOH, CONH₂、CONHA、CONA₂、CN、SO₂A、SO₂NH₂Or a phenyl group,

R²means phenyl, naphthyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by A, Hal, OA, OH, COOA, COOH, CONH₂、CONA、CONA₂And/or SO₂A is mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-or penta-substituted or denotes Het,

R³means phenyl, naphthyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by A, Hal, OA, OH, NH₂、NHA、NA₂、COOA、COOH、CONH₂、CONA、CONA₂、SO₂A、CN、C(＝NH)NH₂And/or C (═ NH) NHOH is mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-or pentasubstituted, or refers to Het,

het denotes a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocycle having 1 to 4N, O and/or S atoms,

a denotes straight-chain or branched alkyl having 1 to 10C atoms, where 1 to 7H atoms may be replaced by OH, F, Cl and/or Br,

hal means F, Cl, Br or I;

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof in all ratios.

Preparation of thienopyridone derivatives of formula (I)

The compounds of the present invention may be prepared by a number of methods well known to those skilled in the art, including but not limited to those described below, or by modified forms of these methods using standard techniques known to those skilled in the art of organic synthesis. All methods disclosed in connection with the present invention are contemplated to be practiced on any scale, including milligrams, grams, multiple grams (multigram), kilograms (multikilogram), or commercial industrial scale.

It will be appreciated that the compounds of the invention may contain one or more asymmetrically substituted carbon atoms and may be isolated in optically active or racemic form. Thus, the present invention relates to all chiral, diastereomeric, racemic forms and all geometric isomeric forms of a structure, unless the specific stereochemistry or isomeric form is specifically indicated. It is well known in the art how to prepare such optically active forms. For example, mixtures of stereoisomers may be separated by standard techniques including, but not limited to, resolution of racemic forms, normal phase, reverse phase and chiral chromatography, dominant salt formation, recrystallization, and the like, or by chiral synthesis from active starting materials or by specific chiral synthesis at the target center.

In the reactions described below, it may be necessary to protect desired reactive functional groups in the final product to avoid their undesired participation in the reaction, such as hydroxyl, amino, imino, mercapto or carboxyl groups. Conventional protecting Groups can be used according to standard methods, see, for example, protecting Groups in t.w.greene and p.g.m.wuts organic chemistry (Protective Groups in organic chemistry), John Wiley and Sons, 1991; protective Groups in McOmie Organic Chemistry (Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry), Plenum Press, 1973.

Some reactions may be carried out in the presence of a base. There is no particular limitation on the nature of the base to be used in the reaction, and any base conventionally used in this type of reaction may be used equally as long as it does not adversely affect the other parts of the molecule. Examples of suitable bases include: sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium tert-butoxide, triethylamine, potassium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide, alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride and potassium hydride; alkyl lithium compounds such as methyl lithium and butyl lithium; and alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide and sodium ethoxide.

Typically, the reaction is carried out in a suitable solvent. A variety of solvents may be used as long as they do not adversely affect the reaction or the reagents involved. Examples of suitable solvents include hydrocarbons, which may be aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, such as hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene and xylene; amides such as dimethylformamide; alcohols such as ethanol and methanol, and ethers such as diethyl ether, diethyl etherAlkane and tetrahydrofuran.

The reaction can take place over a wide temperature range. Generally, it has been found convenient to carry out the reaction at a temperature of from 0 ℃ to 150 ℃ (more preferably from about room temperature to 100 ℃). The time required for the reaction can also vary over a wide range, depending on a number of factors, in particular the reaction temperature and the nature of the reagents. However, as long as the reaction is carried out under the preferred conditions outlined above, a period of time from 3 hours to 20 hours will generally suffice.

The compound thus prepared can be recovered from the reaction mixture by conventional means. For example, the compound can be recovered by distilling off the solvent from the reaction mixture, or, if necessary, after distilling off the solvent from the reaction mixture, the residue is poured into water, followed by extraction with a water-immiscible organic solvent and distillation removal of the solvent from the extract. Furthermore, the product can be further purified as desired by various well-known techniques, such as recrystallization, reprecipitation or various chromatographic techniques, in particular column chromatography or preparative thin layer chromatography.

The compounds of formula (II) are preferably prepared by reacting a compound of formula (III)

Wherein R is¹And R²Has the meaning as indicated in claim 1,

with a compound of formula (IV),

X-CO-CH₂-R³(IV)

wherein R is³Has the meaning as indicated in claim 1, and X denotes hydroxyl or Cl, Br or I.

Most preferably, X denotes Cl or Br.

The 2-aminothiophene starting compound (III) is commercially available (chemis Gmbh, Fluorochem, Acros, Interchim) or is readily prepared by the skilled worker by the Gewald reaction described in Journal heterocyclic chemistry, volume 36, page 133, 1999.

In the compounds of formula IV, X is preferably Cl, Br, I or a free or reactively modified OH group, for example an activated ester, an imidazole anion (imidazolide) or an alkylsulfonyloxy group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably a methylsulfonyloxy or trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy group, or an arylsulfonyloxy group having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably a phenyl-or p-tolylsulfonyloxy group.

Reaction conditions are as follows: a) the compound of formula (III) is reacted with a compound of formula (IV) wherein X is hydroxy in the presence of a condensing agent, in the presence of a base such as pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, in an aprotic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile at 20 ℃ to 80 ℃, preferably 20 ℃ to 30 ℃.

The coupling agent is a carbodiimide derivative as described in reference to the internet link (http:// chemical and21.com/life science/phar/HBTU. htm), preferably HBTU: 2- (1H-benzotriazol-1-yl) -1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethylureaA hexafluorophosphate salt.

b) An alternative chemical route for preparing the compounds of formula (II) is to combine compound (III) with compound (IV) wherein X is Cl, Br or I, preferably Cl or Br, in an aprotic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxaneIn an alkane, the reaction is carried out at a temperature of 20 to 150 degrees, preferably 70 to 100 ℃.

Process for the synthesis of compounds of formula (I)

Formula (II) formula (I)

By cyclization using a base such as bis (trimethylsilyl) azanePotassium or sodium salts, e.g. sodium or potassium tert-amylate, sodium ethoxide, preferably bis (trimethylsilyl) nitride in an inert solvent, preferably in an aprotic solvent, e.g. tetrahydrofuran, bisThe compound of formula (I) is prepared from the compound of formula (II) by reaction in an alkane, toluene at 20 ℃ to 150 ℃, preferably 60 ℃ to 120 ℃ for 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 1 hour.

Suitable inert solvents are, for example, hydrocarbons, such as hexane, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene or xylene; chlorinated hydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene, 1, 2-dichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform or dichloromethane; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, n-butanol or tert-butanol; ethers, such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, Tetrahydrofuran (THF) or diAn alkane; glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme); ketones such as acetone or butanone; amides such as acetamide, dimethylacetamide or Dimethylformamide (DMF); nitriles, such as acetonitrile; sulfoxides, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); carbon disulfide; carboxylic acids such as formic acid or acetic acid; nitro compounds such as nitromethane or nitrobenzene; esters, such as ethyl acetate, or mixtures of the solvents.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts and other forms

The compounds of the invention described may be used in their final non-salt form. In another aspect, the invention also includes the use of these compounds in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts, which can be obtained from a variety of organic and inorganic acids and bases according to methods known in the art. The pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms of the compounds of formula I are most conveniently prepared according to conventional methods. If the compound of formula I contains a carboxyl group, one of the suitable salts can be obtained by reacting the compound with a suitable base to give the corresponding base addition salt. Such bases are, for example, alkali metal hydroxides, including potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide; alkaline earth metal hydroxides, including barium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide; alkali metal alkoxides such as potassium ethoxide and sodium propoxide; and various organic bases such as piperidine, diethanolamine and N-methyl glutamine. Also included are aluminum salts of the compounds of formula I. For certain compounds of formula I, acid addition salts can be obtained by treating these compounds with pharmaceutically acceptable organic or inorganic acids, such as, for example, hydrohalic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, or hydroiodic acid; other inorganic acids and their corresponding salts, such as sulfates, nitrates or phosphates, etc.; and alkyl-and monoaryl-sulfonates such as ethanesulfonate, toluenesulfonate and benzenesulfonate; and other organic acids and their corresponding salts such as acetate, trifluoroacetate, tartrate, maleate, succinate, citrate, benzoate, salicylate, ascorbate, and the like. Accordingly, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of compounds of formula I include, but are not limited to, the following salts: acetate, adipate, alginate, arginine, aspartate, benzoate, benzenesulfonate (phenylsulfonate), bisulfate, bisulfite, bromide, butyrate, camphorate, camphorsulfonate, caprylate, chloride, chlorobenzoate, citrate, cyclopentanepropionate, digluconate, dihydrogenphosphate, dinitrobenzoate, dodecylsulfate, ethanesulfonate, fumarate, galactarate (from mucic acid), galacturonate, glucoheptonate, gluconate, glutamate, glycerophosphate, hemisuccinate, hemisulfate, heptanoate, hexanoate, hippurate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate, iodide, isethionate, isobutyrate, lactate, lactobionate, malate, Maleate, malonate, mandelate, metaphosphate, methanesulfonate, methylbenzoate, monohydrogen phosphate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, nicotinate, nitrate, oxalate, oleate, palmitate, pectate, persulfate, phenylacetate, 3-phenylpropionate, phosphate, phosphonate, phthalate.

In addition, base salts of the compounds of the present invention include, but are not limited to, aluminum, ammonium, calcium, copper, iron (III), iron (II), lithium, magnesium, manganese (III), manganese (II), potassium, sodium, and zinc salts. Among the above salts, ammonium salts, sodium and potassium alkali metal salts and calcium and magnesium alkaline earth metal salts are preferred. Salts of compounds of formula I derived from pharmaceutically acceptable organic non-toxic bases include salts of primary, secondary and tertiary amines, substituted amines, and also include, but are not limited to, salts of natural substituted amines, cyclic amines, and basic ion exchange resins, such as arginine, betaine, caffeine, chloroprocaine, choline, N' -dibenzylethylenediamine (benzathine), dicyclohexylamine, diethanolamine, diethylamine, 2-diethylaminoethanol, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, N-ethylmorpholine, N-ethyl-piperidine, glucosamine, histamine, hydrabamine (hydrabamine), isopropylamine, lidocaine, lysine, meglumine, N-methyl-D-glucosamine, morpholine, piperazine, piperidine, polyamine resins, procaine, purines, theobromine, and mixtures thereof, Triethanolamine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, tripropylamine, and tris- (hydroxymethyl) methylamine (tromethamine).

The compounds of the present invention containing basic nitrogen-containing groups may be quaternized using agents such as: (C)₁-C₄) Alkyl halides such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl chloride, bromide and iodide; sulfuric acid di (C)₁-C₄) Alkyl esters such as dimethyl, diethyl and diamyl sulfate; (C)₁₀-C₁₈) Alkyl halides such as decyl, dodecyl, lauryl, myristyl and stearyl chlorides, bromides and iodides; aryl radical (C)₁-C₄) Alkyl halides, such as benzyl chloride and phenethyl bromide. The water-soluble and oil-soluble compounds of the present invention can be prepared using such salts.

Preferred salts of the above pharmaceutical salts include, but are not limited to, acetate, trifluoroacetate, benzenesulfonate, citrate, fumarate, gluconate, hemisuccinate, hippurate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, isethionate, mandelate, meglumine, nitrate, oleate, phosphonate, pivalate, sodium phosphate, stearate, sulfate, sulfosalicylate, tartrate, thiomalate, p-toluenesulfonate and tromethamine.

The acid addition salts of the basic compounds of formula I are prepared in a conventional manner by contacting the free base form with a sufficient amount of the desired acid to form the salt. The salt form is contacted with a base to isolate the free base in a conventional manner to regenerate the free base. The free base form differs from the corresponding salt form in certain respects, for example in certain physical properties such as solubility in polar solvents; for the purposes of the present invention, however, the salt form is comparable to the corresponding free base form.

As mentioned above, pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts of the compounds of formula I are formed with metals or amines, such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and organic amines. Preferred metals are sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium. Preferred organic amines are N, N' -dibenzylethylenediamine, chloroprocaine, choline, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, N-methyl-D-glucosamine and procaine.

The base addition salts of the acidic compounds of the present invention are prepared by contacting the free acid form with a sufficient amount of the desired base to form the salt in a conventional manner. The salt form is contacted with an acid to separate the free acid and regenerate the free acid in a conventional manner. The free acid form differs from the corresponding salt form in certain respects, for example in certain physical properties such as solubility in polar solvents; for the purposes of the present invention, however, the salt form is comparable to its corresponding free acid form.

If the compounds of the present invention contain more than one group capable of forming such pharmaceutically acceptable salts, multivalent salts are also encompassed by the present invention. Typical multivalent salt forms include, for example, but are not limited to, bitartrate, diacetate, difumarate, diglucamine, diphosphate, disodium and trihydrochloride.

In connection with the above, it will be seen that the term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" in the present invention refers to an active ingredient comprising one of the salt forms of the compound of formula I, especially when this salt form results in an improved pharmacokinetic profile of the active ingredient compared to the free form of the active ingredient or compared to any other salt form of the active ingredient used before. The pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms of the active ingredient may also for the first time confer a desired pharmacokinetic profile on the active ingredient which has never been achieved, and may even have a positive effect on the pharmacodynamics of the active ingredient in terms of its in vivo therapeutic effect.

The molecular structure of the compounds of formula I according to the invention can be chiral, and thus various enantiomeric forms can occur accordingly. They may therefore be present as racemates or in optically active form.

Since the pharmaceutical activity of racemates or stereoisomers of the compounds of the present invention may vary, it may be desirable to be able to use enantiomers. In these cases, the final products or even intermediates can be separated into enantiomeric compounds by physicochemical methods known to the person skilled in the art, or even enantiomers can be used in the synthesis.

For racemic amines, the mixture can be made diastereoisomeric by reaction with an optically active resolving agent. Examples of suitable resolving agents are optically active acids such as tartaric acid, diacetyltartaric acid, dibenzoyltartaric acid, mandelic acid, malic acid, the R and S forms of lactic acid, suitable N-protected amino acids (e.g.N-benzoylproline or N-benzenesulfonylproline) or various optically active camphorsulphonic acids. It is also advantageous to carry out the chromatographic resolution of the enantiomers with the aid of optically active resolving agents, such as dinitrobenzoylphenylglycine, cellulose triacetate or other carbohydrate derivatives or chirally derivatized methacrylate polymers fixed on silica gel. Suitable eluents in this connection are mixtures of aqueous or alcoholic solvents, for example hexane/isopropanol/acetonitrile, for example in a ratio of 82: 15: 3.

For chiral resolution of the racemate, the following acids and amines may be used. As examples, the following chiral acids may be used: (+) -D-di-O-benzoyltartaric acid, (-) -L-di-O, O '-p-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid, (+) -D-di-O.O' -p-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid, (R) - (+) -malic acid, (S) - (-) -malic acid, (+) -camphoric acid, (-) -camphoric acid, R- (-) -1, 1 '-binaphthalene-2, 2' -dihydrogenphosphonic acid, (+) -camphanoic acid, (-) -camphanoic acid, (S) - (+) -2-phenylpropionic acid, dihydrogenphosphonic acid, and mixtures thereof, (R) - (+) -2-phenylpropionic acid, D- (-) -mandelic acid, L- (+) -mandelic acid, D-tartaric acid, L-tartaric acid, or any mixture thereof.

As examples, the following chiral amines may be used: quinine, strychnine, (S) -1- (benzyloxymethyl) propylamine (III), (-) -ephedrine, (4S, 5R) - (+) -1, 2, 2, 3, 4-tetramethyl-5-phenyl-1, 3-Oxazolidines, (R) -1-phenyl-2-p-tolylethylamine, (S) -phenylglycinol, (-) -N-methylephedrine, (+) - (2S, 3R) -4-dimethylamino-3-methyl-1, 2-diphenyl-2-butanol, (S) -phenylglycinol, (S) - α -methylbenzylamine or any mixture thereof.

The invention also relates to the use of said compounds and/or their physiologically acceptable salts for producing medicaments (pharmaceutical compositions), in particular by non-chemical methods. In this case, they can be prepared in suitable dosage forms together with at least one solid, liquid and/or semi-liquid excipient or adjuvant and, if desired, one or more further active ingredients.

The invention also relates to medicaments containing at least one compound according to the invention and/or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives, solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof in all ratios, and optionally excipients and/or adjuvants.

The pharmaceutical preparations may be administered in the form of dosage units, each containing a predetermined amount of the active ingredient. Such units may contain, for example, from 0.5mg to 1g, preferably from 1mg to 700mg, particularly preferably from 5mg to 100mg, of a compound according to the invention, the particular amount depending on the disease state to be treated, the method of administration, the age, weight and condition of the patient, or the pharmaceutical preparations may be administered in the form of dosage units, each of which contains a predetermined amount of active ingredient. Preferred dosage unit dosage forms contain a daily dose or partial dose or corresponding fraction thereof of the active ingredient as described above. In addition, such pharmaceutical preparations may be prepared according to methods generally known in the pharmaceutical field.

Pharmaceutical formulations may be prepared for administration by any desired appropriate method, for example by the oral (including buccal or sublingual), rectal, nasal, topical (including buccal, sublingual or transdermal), vaginal or parenteral (including subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous or intradermal) route. Such formulations may be prepared according to all known processes in the pharmaceutical art, for example by mixing the active ingredient with excipients or auxiliaries.

Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for oral administration may be administered as discrete units, for example as capsules or tablets; powder or granules; solutions or suspensions in aqueous or non-aqueous liquids; edible foams or foamed foods; application in the form of oil-in-water liquid emulsion or water-in-oil liquid emulsion.

Thus, for example, for oral administration in the form of tablets or capsules, the active ingredient may be mixed with an orally non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable inert excipient such as ethanol, glycerol, water and the like. Powders are prepared by grinding the compound to an appropriate fine particle size and mixing it with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, such as an edible carbohydrate, e.g. starch or mannitol, which is ground in the same manner. Flavoring, preservative, dispersing and coloring agents may likewise be used.

Capsules were prepared by preparing a powder mixture as described above and filling it into shaped gelatin shells. Glidants and lubricants such as high-dispersing silicic acid, talc, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate or solid polyethylene glycols can be added to the powder mixture before the filling operation. Disintegrating agents or cosolvents such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate may likewise be added to improve bioavailability after administration of the capsule.

Furthermore, if desired or necessary, suitable binders, lubricants and disintegrants and also dyes can likewise be incorporated into the mixture. Suitable binders include starch, gelatin, natural sugars such as glucose or beta lactose, sweeteners prepared from corn, natural and synthetic gums such as acacia, tragacanth or sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, waxes and the like. Lubricants used in these dosage forms include sodium oleate, sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, and the like. Disintegrants include, but are not limited to, starch, methylcellulose, agar, bentonite, xanthan gum, and the like. The preparation of tablets may include, for example, preparing a powder blend, granulating or dry powder tableting, adding a lubricant and a disintegrant, compressing the entire blend into a tablet. As mentioned above, the powder mixture is prepared by mixing the compound ground in a suitable manner with a diluent or base, optionally with the addition of a binder such as carboxymethylcellulose, alginic acid, gelatin or polyvinylpyrrolidone, a dissolution retardant such as liquid paraffin, an absorption promoter such as a quaternary ammonium salt and/or an absorbent such as bentonite, kaolin or dicalcium phosphate. The powder mixture is granulated by wetting with a binder such as syrup, starch paste, acacia mucilage or solutions of cellulose or polymeric materials and sieving. As an alternative to granulation, the powder mixture may be processed directly by a tablet press to form non-uniform shaped agglomerates, which are then broken up to form granules. Stearic acid, stearate, talc or mineral oil may be added to lubricate the granules to prevent them from sticking when compressed into tablets. The lubricated mixture may be compressed into tablets. The compounds of the present invention may also be mixed with free-flowing inert excipients and then compressed directly into tablets without the need for granulation or dry compression steps. Transparent or opaque protective layers may also be used, which may consist of a shellac barrier layer, a sugar or polymer layer and a wax layer. Dyes may be added to the coating to distinguish different dosage units.

Oral liquids such as solutions, syrups and elixirs may be prepared in the form of dosage units so that a given quantity contains a predetermined amount of the compound. Syrups can be prepared by dissolving the compound in an aqueous solution containing a suitable flavoring agent, and elixirs can be prepared using a non-toxic alcoholic carrier. Suspensions may be prepared by dispersing the compound in a non-toxic vehicle. Cosolvents and emulsifiers such as ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols and polyoxyethylene sorbitol ethers, preservatives, flavouring agents such as peppermint oil, natural sweeteners or saccharin or other artificial sweeteners, and the like may likewise be added.

Dosage unit formulations for oral administration may be encapsulated in microcapsules, if desired. The formulations may be prepared, for example, as extended or delayed release dosage forms by coating or embedding the particulate material in a polymer, wax or the like.

The compounds of the invention and salts, solvates and physiologically functional derivatives thereof may also be administered in the form of liposome delivery systems such as, for example, unilamellar vesicles and multilamellar vesicles. Liposomes can be prepared from a variety of phospholipids, such as cholesterol, stearylamine or phosphatidylcholines.

The compounds of the invention and their salts, solvates and physiologically functional derivatives can also be delivered using monoclonal antibodies conjugated to the compound molecules as individual carriers. The compounds may also be conjugated to soluble polymers as targeted drug carriers. The polymer may include polyvinylpyrrolidone, pyran copolymer, polyhydroxypropylmethacrylamidophenol, polyhydroxyethylaspartamidophenol, or polyethylene oxide polylysine (substituted with palmitoyl). The compounds may also be coupled to a class of biodegradable, crosslinked or amphiphilic block copolymers suitable for achieving controlled release of drugs, such as polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polyorthoesters, polyacetals, polydihydroxypyrans, polycyanoacrylates and hydrogels.

Pharmaceutical formulations suitable for transdermal administration may be administered as a stand-alone paste for prolonged, intimate contact with the epidermis of the recipient. Thus, for example, active ingredients may be delivered from a paste by iontophoresis, which is generally described in Pharmaceutical Research, 3(6), 318 (1986).

Medicaments suitable for topical administration may be formulated as ointments, creams, suspensions, lotions, powders, solutions, pastes, gels, sprays, aerosols or oils.

For use in treating the eye or other external tissues such as the mouth and skin, the formulation is preferably applied in the form of a topical ointment or cream. For ointments, the active ingredient may be employed with a paraffinic or water-miscible cream base. Alternatively, the active ingredient may be formulated as a cream with an oil-in-water cream base or a water-in-oil base.

Pharmaceutical formulations suitable for topical administration to the eye include eye drops wherein the active ingredient is dissolved or suspended in a suitable carrier, particularly an aqueous solvent.

Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for topical administration to the mouth include lozenges, pastilles and mouthwashes.

Pharmaceutical preparations suitable for rectal administration may be administered in the form of suppositories or enemas.

Pharmaceutical formulations wherein the carrier substance is a solid suitable for nasal administration include coarse powder formulations, for example of particle size 20 to 500 microns, which are administered by inhalation, i.e. by rapid inhalation through the nasal passage from a powder-containing container adjacent the nose. Suitable pharmaceutical preparations with liquids as carrier substances which are suitable for use as nasal sprays or nasal drops include solutions of the active ingredient in water or in oil.

Pharmaceutical formulations suitable for administration by inhalation include finely divided powders or aerosols, which may be produced by means of a pressurised dispenser, nebuliser or inhaler filled with an aerosol.

Pharmaceutical formulations suitable for vaginal administration include pessaries, tampons, creams, gels, pastes, foams or spray formulations.

Pharmaceutical formulations suitable for parenteral administration include aqueous and non-aqueous sterile injection solutions containing antioxidants, buffers, bacteriostats and solutes which render the formulation isotonic with the blood of the patient to be treated; aqueous and non-aqueous sterile suspensions containing a suspending medium and a thickening agent. The formulations may be administered in unit-dose or multi-dose containers, for example sealed ampoules and vials, and stored in a freeze-dried state, requiring only the addition of the sterile carrier liquid, for example water for injection, immediately prior to use.

Injection solutions and suspensions prepared according to the formulation can be prepared from sterile powders, granules, and tablets.

It goes without saying that, in addition to the components specifically mentioned above, the formulations may also contain other ingredients commonly used in the art for this particular type of formulation; thus, for example, formulations suitable for oral administration may contain flavouring agents.

The therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention will depend upon a variety of factors including, for example, the age and weight of the human or animal, the particular disease condition being treated, its severity, the nature of the formulation and the method of administration, and will ultimately be at the discretion of the attendant physician or veterinarian. However, an effective amount of a compound of the invention will generally be from 0.1 to 100mg/kg of recipient (mammal) body weight per day, particularly usually from 1 to 10mg/kg of body weight per day. Thus, the actual daily amount of an adult mammal having a body weight of 70kg is typically 70 to 700mg, which amount may be administered daily as a single dose or as a series of partial doses (e.g. two, three, four, five or six doses) per day, such that the total daily dose is constant. An effective amount of a salt or solvate or physiologically functional derivative thereof may be determined as a fraction of the effective amount of the compound of the invention per se. Similar dosages may be speculated as appropriate for the treatment of the other conditions mentioned above.

Examples

A representative flow diagram of the cyclization process is shown in scheme 1.

Scheme 1

-an HBTU: 2- (1H-benzotriazol-1-yl) -1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate

-KHMDS: bis (trimethylsilyl) amino potassium salt

-DIEA: diisopropylethylamine

The following examples illustrate the invention without, however, limiting it. The starting materials used are known products or products prepared according to known methods. Percentages are expressed on a weight basis unless otherwise noted.

The compounds are characterized in particular by means of the following analytical techniques. NMR spectra were obtained using a Bruker Avance DPX 300MHz NMR spectrometer.

The mass was determined by HPLC coupled to an Agilent series 1100 mass detector. Melting points (m.p.) were measured on a StuartScientific unit.

Example 1:

4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-5- (pyridin-3-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one

Step 1: 3-Pyridylacetic acid (0.842g, 4.85mmol) in acetonitrile (30mL) was cooled at 0 ℃. HBTU (2.169g) and diisopropylethylamine (2.64g) were added. After stirring for 20 minutes, a solution of 2-amino-3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylthiophene (1g, 4.04mmol) in acetonitrile was added dropwise. After stirring at room temperature for 15 hours, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in dichloromethane. The organic solution was washed with sodium bicarbonate solution, water and then dried over sodium sulfate. The organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude was purified over silica gel (heptane/ethyl acetate 4/6). A yellow oil (407mg) was recovered.

¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆，300MHz)：11.45(br.s，1H)，8.64-8.59(m，2H)，7.87-7.84(m，1H)，7.44-7.39(m，1H)，7.31-7.24(m，5H)，6.60(s，1H)，4.03(q，2H)，3.88(s，2H)，0.89(t，3H)

Step 2: to the foregoing compound (197mg) in tetrahydrofuran (2mL) was added dropwise a solution of sodium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide (3.58mL, 4 equivalents) in tetrahydrofuran. The solution was heated at 80 ℃ for 15 hours, then cooled to room temperature and acetic acid was added until an acidic pH. All solvents were removed under reduced pressure and then water was added. The precipitated white solid (120mg) was obtained by filtration; MS: 321(M + 1);

¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆，300MHz)：8.49(bs，1H)，8.48-8.40(m，1H)，7.77-7.70(m，1H)，7.48-7.42(m，2H)，7.41-7.26(m，4H)，7.00(m，1H)。

example 2: 4-hydroxy-5- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -3-phenyl-2-methyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one

Step 1: ethyl cyanoacetate (24mL) was added dropwise to a solution of propiophenone (30mL, 0.226mol) in ethanol (670 mL). After 20 minutes at 60 ℃, morpholine (68.9mL) was added and after 5 minutes sulphur (14.5g) was added. Heat for 72 hours, then remove the solvent under reduced pressure. The crude was dissolved in dichloromethane, filtered through a pad of silica gel and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude was purified over silica gel (heptane/ethyl acetate 9/1) and a yellow solid (18.4g) was recovered;

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：7.34-7.27(m，3H)，7.12-7.15(m，2H)，3.91(q，2H)，2.02(s，3H)，0.78(t，3H)

step 2: to twoTo the aforementioned compound (800mg) in an alkane (5mL) was added dropwise 2-methoxybenzeneacetyl chloride (678mg) in dioxaneSolution in alkane (5 mL). AddingThe solution was heated to reflux for 15 hours, followed by removal of the solvent under reduced pressure. The crude was dissolved in ethyl acetate and the solution was washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate followed by water. The organic solution was dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. Yellow oil (1.42g) was recovered;

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：11.24(br.s，1H)，7.32-7.26(m，5H)，7.12-7.08(m，2H)，6.99-6.91(m，2H)，3.89(s，3H)，3.88(q，2H)，3.82(s，2H)，2.10(s，3H)，0.74(t，3H)。

and step 3: the foregoing compound (1.4g, 3.42mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20mL) was added dropwise to a solution of potassium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide (27.4mL, 0.5M in toluene). After 2 hours, the reaction was quenched with acetic acid and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude solid was dissolved in water and filtered. Recovering a pink solid (1.86 g); MS: 364.0(M + 1);

¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆，300MHz)：(ppm)：8.83(br.s，1H)，7.38-7.24(m，6H)，7.04-7.02(m，1H)，6.96-6.87(m，2H)，3.65(s，3H)，2.19(s，3H)。

and 4, step 4: the foregoing solid (366mg) in anhydrous dichloromethane (30mL) was cooled to 0 ℃. Boron tribromide (4ml, 1M solution in dichloromethane) was added. After stirring at room temperature for 3 hours, the solution was dissolved in a water/ice/triethylamine (few drops) mixture and stirred for 1 hour. The organic phase was recovered, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude was purified over silica gel (dichloromethane/methanol 98/2). An off-white solid (60mg) was recovered; MS: 350.2(M + 1);

¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆，300MHz)：9.06(bs，1H)，7.38-7.25(m，5H)，7.12-6.99(m，2H)，6.80-6.71(m，2H)，2.19(s，3H)。

example 3: 2-chloro-4-hydroxy-3- (3-methoxyphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one

Step 1: ethyl cyanoacetate was added dropwise to a solution of 3' -methoxyacetophenone (13.7mL, 0.1mol) in ethanol (335 mL). After 20 minutes at 60 ℃, morpholine (30.5mL) was added and after 5 minutes sulphur (6.4g) was added. Heat for 72 hours, then filter through a silica gel pad and remove the solvent under reduced pressure. The crude was purified over silica gel (heptane/ethyl acetate 9/1). A yellow solid (3.5g) was recovered;

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：7.26-7.20(m，1H)，6.88-6.80(m，3H)，6.07(br.s，1H)，4.04(q，2H)，3.81(s，3H)，0.95(t，3H)。

step 2: to the above compound (1.5g, 5.40mmol), bisPhenylacetyl chloride (858 μ L) was added dropwise to a solution of an alkane (9.3mL) and pyridine (523 μ L). The reaction mixture was heated to 105 ℃ for 1 hour, followed by evaporation of the solvent. The crude was dissolved in dichloromethane. The organic phase was washed 2 times with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and subsequently dried over sodium sulfate. After removal of the solvent by evaporation, the resulting oil was dissolved in ethyl acetate and poured into heptane. The solid formed (1.44g) was filtered off and washed with heptane.

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：11.22(br.s，1H)，7.44-7.28(m，5H)，7.22(dd，1H)，6.88-6.76(m，3H)，6.59(s，1H)，4.01(q，2H)，3.84(s，2H)，3.80(s，3H)，0.90(t，3H)。

And step 3: a solution of the aforementioned compound (1.44g, 3.64mmol), N-chlorosuccinimide (583mg) and 1, 2-dichloroethane (25mL) was heated at 40 ℃ for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was dissolved in dichloromethane and washed 2 times with water, then dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated off. The crude was used without any further purification.

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：11.24(br.s，1H)，7.44-7.30(m，5H)，7.24(dd，1H)，6.90-6.86(m，1H)，6.77-6.69(m，2H)，3.90(q，2H)，3.82(s，2H)，3.78(s，3H)，0.78(t，3H)。

And 4, step 4: a solution of the foregoing solid (3.64mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (16mL) was added to potassium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide (29mL, 0.5M in toluene), and the reaction mixture was heated to 45 ℃ for 1 hour. The reaction was quenched with acetic acid and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude was purified over silica gel (pentane/ethyl acetate 4/1) to give pure solid (550 mg); MS: 384(M + 1);

¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆，300MHz)：11.60(bs，1H)，9.46(bs，1H)，7.41-7.20(m，6H)，6.97-6.89(m，3H)，3.75(s，3H)。

example 4:

2-cyano-3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one

Step 1: a solution of benzonitrile (10g, 97mmol) and acetonitrile (10.2mL, 195mmol) was treated portionwise with potassium tert-butoxide (10 g). The resulting viscous suspension was stirred at room temperature overnight. Diethyl ether and aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution were added. The aqueous solution was extracted with ether and the total organic phases were combined. The organic solution was washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting oil was dissolved in ethyl acetate and poured into heptane. The yellow solid formed (8g) was filtered off and washed with heptane.

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：7.51-7.38(m，5H)，4.91(bs，2H)，4.24(s，1H)。

Step 2: ethyl cyanoacetate (3.4mL) was added dropwise to a solution of the foregoing compound (4.62g, 32mmol) in ethanol (95 mL). After 20 minutes at 60 ℃, piperidine (635mL) was added and sulfur (1.13g) was added after 5 minutes. Heat for 72 hours, then filter through a silica gel pad and remove the solvent under reduced pressure. The crude was purified over silica gel (pentane/ethyl acetate 9/1). A yellow solid (1g) was recovered.

And step 3: to the above-mentioned compound (1g, 3.67mmol) and bisA solution of an alkane (5mL) and pyridine (200. mu.L) was added dropwise phenylacetyl chloride (583. mu.L in 5mL of bisIn an alkane) solution. The reaction mixture was heated to 105 ℃ overnight, followed by evaporation of the solvent. The crude was dissolved with dichloromethane. The organic phase was washed 2 times with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and subsequently dried over sodium sulfate. After removal of the organic solvent by evaporation, a yellow solid (1.45g) was recovered; after removal of the organic solvent by evaporation, a yellow solid (1.45g) was recovered;

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：11.46(bs，1H)，7.45-7.34(m，8H)，7.26-7.23(m，2H)，3.96(q，2H)，3.89(s，2H)，0.82(t，3H)。

and 4, step 4: potassium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide (15mL, 0.5M in toluene) was added dropwise at 0 deg.C to a solution of the foregoing compound (600mg, 1.54mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (60 mL). After 1 hour, the reaction was quenched with methanol and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude was dissolved in a minimum amount of methanol and hydrochloric acid solution (4M) was added until an acidic pH. Recovering an off-white solid (260 mg); MS: 345.1(M + 1);

¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆，300MHz)：10.00(bs，1H)，7.56-7.21(m，10H)。

example 5:

2-chloro-3- (2, 6-difluorophenyl) -4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one

Step 1: ethyl cyanoacetate (6.8mL) was added dropwise to a solution of 2 ', 6' -difluoroacetophenone (10g, 64mmol) in ethanol (250 mL). After 20 minutes at 60 ℃ morpholine (19.6mL) was added and after 5 minutes sulphur (4.1g) was added. Heat for 72 hours, then filter through a silica gel pad and remove the solvent under reduced pressure. The crude was purified over silica gel (pentane/ethyl acetate 95/5). The oily compound (13.5g) containing ethyl cyanoacetate was recovered; MS: 284.0(M +1)

Step 2: the crude extract was purified with the above compound (11.6g, 20.4mmol based on 50% purity), bisTo a solution of alkane (30mL) and pyridine (1.11mL) was added phenylacetyl chloride (3.24mL in 25mL portionsIn an alkane) solution. After 1 hour, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude was dissolved in dichloromethane. The organic phase was washed 2 times with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, then dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated off. The crude was purified over silica gel (pentane/ethyl acetate 98/2) to give the desired compound (1 g); MS: 402.1(M + 1);

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：11.20(br.s，1H)，7.42-7.23(m，6H)，6.91-6.83(m，2H)，6.73(s，1H)，4.99(q，2H)，3.84(s，2H)，0.86(t，3H)。。

and step 3: a solution of the aforementioned compound (429mg, 1mmol), N-chlorosuccinimide (190mg) and 1, 2-dichloroethane (10mL) was heated under reflux overnight. The reaction mixture was dissolved in dichloromethane and washed 2 times with water, then dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated off. The crude oil (410mg) was used without any further purification: MS: 436.0(M + 1);

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：11.27(br.s)，7.41-7.29(m，6H)，6.95-6.89(m，2H)，3.96(q，2H)，3.84(s，2H)，0.83(t，3H)。

and 4, step 4: potassium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide (10mL, 0.5M in toluene) was added dropwise at 0 deg.C to a solution of the foregoing solid (410mg, 0.94mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (50 mL). After 3 hours at room temperature, the reaction was quenched with methanol and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude was dissolved in a minimum amount of methanol and hydrochloric acid solution (4M) was added until an acidic pH. The precipitated solid was dissolved in a minimum amount of ethyl acetate and poured into heptane. The precipitated solid (106mg) was filtered off and washed with heptane. Recovering an off-white solid (260 mg); MS: 389.7(M + 1);

¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆，300MHz)：9.76(bs，1H)，7.56-7.12(m，8H)。

example 6:

4-hydroxy-3- (2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl) -5-phenyl-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one

Step 1: a solution of 2 '-hydroxy-4' -methylacetophenone (10g, 66.7mmol), potassium hydroxide (5g), dimethyl sulfate (7.6mL) in acetone (175mL) was stirred overnight. Triethylamine was added to destroy the excess dimethyl sulfate and the reaction mixture was filtered off. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The solid obtained was recrystallized using pentane. Recovering white crystals (9 g); MS: 165.1(M + 1);

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：7.68(d，1H)，6.80(d，1H)，6.77(s，1H)，3.90(s，3H)，2.59(s，3H)，2.38(s，3H)。

step 2: ethyl cyanoacetate (2.93mL) was added dropwise to a solution of the foregoing compound (4.5g, 27.4mmol) in ethanol (100 mL). After 20 minutes at 60 ℃, morpholine (8.35mL) was added and after 5 minutes sulphur (1.76g) was added. Heat for 72 hours, then filter through a silica gel pad and remove the solvent under reduced pressure. The crude was purified over silica gel (pentane/ethyl acetate 95/5). A yellow solid (3.55g) was recovered; MS: 292.1(M + 1);

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：7.07(d，1H)，6.75(d，1H)，6.66(s，1H)，6.06(s，1H)，4.00(q，2H)，3.72(s，3H)，2.38(s，3H)，0.91(t，3H)。

and step 3: to the above-mentioned compound (2g, 6.87mmol) and bisTo a solution of an alkane (20mL) and pyridine (671. mu.L) was added phenylacetyl chloride (995. mu.L) dropwise. After 2 hours, the reaction mixture was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with water and brine. The organic solution was dried over sodium sulfate, followed by removal of the solvent under reduced pressure. The crude oil was crystallized from a mixture of ethyl acetate/pentane. A yellow solid (2.3g) was recovered; MS: 410(M + 1);

¹HNMR(CDCl₃，300MHz)：(ppm)：11.04(bs，1H)，7.45-7.25(m，5H)，7.04(d，1H)，6.74(d，1H)，6.65(s，1H)，6.55(s，1H)，3.95(q，2H)，3.82(s，2H)，3.67(s，3H)，2.37(s，3H)，0.86(t，3H)。

and 4, step 4: potassium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide (17.6mL, 0.5M in toluene) was added dropwise at 0 deg.C to a solution of the foregoing solid (900mg, 2.2mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (40 mL). After 2 hours at room temperature, the reaction was quenched with acetic acid and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude was dissolved in water. The precipitated solid (650mg) was filtered off and washed with diethyl ether; MS: 364.1(M + 1);

¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆，300MHz)：9.03(bs，1H)，7.40-7.15(m，5H)，7.08(d，1H)，6.84(s，1H)，6.81(s，1H)，6.72(d，1H)，3.68(s，3H)，2.31(s，3H)。

and 5: to a suspension of the above compound (250mg, 0.69mmol) in dichloromethane was added boron tribromide (2.75mL, 1M in dichloromethane) at 0 ℃. After 30 minutes at 0 ℃ and 45 minutes at room temperature, the reaction mixture was poured onto ice. The precipitated white solid (135mg) was filtered off and washed with diethyl ether; MS: 350.1(M + 1);

¹HNMR(DMSO-d₆，300MHz)：9.25(bs，1H)，7.34-7.22(m，5H)，7.03(d，1H)，6.84(s，1H)，6.64(s，1H)，6.60(d，1H)，3.68(s，3H)，2.22(s，3H)。

the following compounds in table I can be obtained analogously.

TABLE I

Biological assay

-enzyme Activity

The efficacy of the compounds of formula (I) on AMPK protein (recombinant α 1 β 1 γ 2) can be determined in the following biological tests.

Human recombinant AMPK enzyme was expressed in e.coli and reactivated in vitro by LKB1 before enzyme activity was determined.

AMPK enzyme activity was tested by using the a Delfia technique. AMPK enzyme activity assays were performed in microtiter plates (50mM Hepes buffer, ph7.4, with 125 μ M ATP each) in the presence of synthetic peptide substrate (AMARAASAAALARRR, "AMARA" peptide) and serial dilutions of activator. The reaction was initiated by the addition of AMPK (50-100 ng). After mixing, the plates were incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes. Enzyme activity was determined by using an anti-phosphoserine antibody to determine the amount of phosphate incorporated into amaraaa.

Numbering: numbering of molecules

Activity: the ratio between 30 μ M% of compound of formula (I) and 30 μ M% of AMP (natural substrate) in the control (basal activity).

If the ratio is 90% or higher, the compounds of formula (I) in Table II are considered to be direct activators of AMPK.

TABLE II

Numbering	Activity of	Numbering	Activity of	Numbering	Activity of	Numbering	Activity of
								3	102	20	99	32	147	42	110
9	410	22	121	33	201	44	98
								10	96	23	202	34	625	45	114
13	126	25	119	35	126	47	117
								14	116	26	128	36	121	48	109
15	181	27	114	38	119	49	131
								16	107	28	109	40	109	50	103
19	96	29	103	41	92	52	176
								55	146	63	115	73	94	81	223

56	107	64	109	74	112	83	403
								58	103	66	144	75	135	84	158
60	100	68	98	77	257	85	406
								61	146	71	131	78	160	87	287
62	101	72	150	79	593	100	103
								104	236	111	136	121	143	129	102
105	206	113	95	124	195	130	117
								106	115	114	115	125	101	131	331
108	305	115	118	126	98	132	108
								109	200	116	120	127	122	134	93
110	121	119	101	128	181	135	113
								136	488	142	126	149	120	155	95
137	129	143	99	150	130	156	95
								138	114	144	116	151	134	157	147
139	114	145	90	152	99	158	110
								140	123	146	103	153	111	159	164
141	403	148	121	154	131	161	113
														162	107
164	354	176	245	189	175	204	189
								165	238	177	234	190	256	205	148
166	225	178	138	191	187	206	184
								167	592	179	284	192	193	207	213
168	174	181	559	193	139	208	131
								169	196	182	165	194	183	209	297
170	423	183	146	195	156	210	181
								171	147	184	167	196	165	211	149
172	153	185	284	198	363	212	183

173	160	186	192	201	122	213	349
								174	245	187	124	202	305	214	207
175	252	188	183	203	251

Glucose uptake in muscle

Skeletal muscle is the major site of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and insulin resistance in this target tissue has long been considered as a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of type 2diabetes (T2D). Thus, an alternative pathway to stimulation of skeletal muscle glucose uptake independent of insulin signaling may potentially improve glycemic control in a subject. While exercise stimulates glucose uptake in skeletal muscle without relying on the insulin pathway, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely elusive. The results of studies in isolated skeletal muscle that can increase glucose transport in vitro in response to contraction indicate that this signaling pathway initiated by an internal cellular energy deficiency accounts in part for contraction-induced glucose uptake. AMPK is considered an attractive candidate for contraction-induced skeletal muscle glucose uptake because it is activated in parallel with increased AMP and decreased phosphocreatine energy stores (Hubter C.A., am.J.Physiol.Endocrinol.Metab.272: E262-E266; 1997). In addition, AICAR-induced activation of AMPK increases glucose uptake (Merrill G.F et al, am.J.Physiol.Endocrinol.Metab.273: E1107-E1112; 1997).

Glucose uptake in H-2Kb cells (in vitro cell assay)

The following cellular assays can determine the effect of AMPK activators such as the compound of formula (I) on glucose uptake in muscle cell models.

H-2Kb cells from heterozygous H-2Kb tsA58 transgenic mice were cultured in 24 wells in matrigel (matrigel) coated plates and cultured at 33 ℃ for 4 days under permissive conditions as previously described by Fryer et al (Diabetes 49 (12): 1978, 2000).

For differentiation in muscle, cells were switched to non-permissive culture conditions (37 ℃, in the absence of interferon- γ). After 3 days, the cells were incubated for 4 hours in DMEM1g/l glucose medium containing different concentrations of the test molecule. Subsequently, the cells are contacted with radiolabeled 2-deoxy-D- [1, 2%³H]Glucose uptake was determined by glucose incubation for 10 minutes. Glucose uptake was terminated by rapidly washing the plates 2 times with ice-cold 0.9% NaCl. The cells were then dissolved in 0.1N NaOH for 30 minutes. Radioactivity was determined by liquid scintillation counting.

Numbering: numbering of molecules

Activity (table III): for glucose uptake, the concentration of Compound (I) equal to or higher than insulin (170nM) induced glucose uptake

⁺⁺Or, a: the concentration of the compound (I) is less than or equal to 10 mu M

⁺Or, in addition: concentration of Compound (I) > 10. mu.M

Watch (III)

Numbering	Activity of	Numbering	Activity of	Numbering	Activity of	Numbering	Activity of	Numbering	Activity of
										9	＊	27	＊	102	＊＊	126	＊	143	＊
10	＊	33	＊	103	＊	127	＊	148	＊＊
										13	＊	34	＊	104	＊	128	＊	149	＊＊
14	＊	35	＊＊	108	＊	129	＊＊	156	＊＊
										15	＊	36	＊	109	＊＊	131	＊	157	＊＊
19	＊	47	＊	111	＊	136	＊＊	161	＊＊
										20	＊	63	＊	115	＊＊	137	＊	162	＊＊
22	＊＊	83	＊	119	＊	138	＊＊
										23	＊	100	＊＊	121	＊	139	＊＊
26	＊	101	＊	125	＊＊	140	＊＊
										164	+	176	++	189	+	204	+
165	+	177	++	190	+	205	+
										166	+	178	++	191	+	206	+
167	++	179	++	192	++	207	+
										168	++	181	++	193	+	208	+
169	++	182	+	194	++	209	++
										170	++	183	+	195	+	210	++
171	+	184	++	196	++	211	+
										172	+	185	++	198	+	212	+
173	++	186	++	201	+	213	+
										174	+	187	+	202	++
175	+	188	+

The compounds of the present invention are capable of increasing glucose uptake in a muscle cell line known as H-2Kb, independent of insulin.

These data, generated from the enzymatic assays, show that the thienopyridone derivatives as defined in formula (I) are direct AMPK activators after cellular assays and that these compounds are capable of increasing glucose uptake preferably in muscle cells.

Claims

1. A compound of formula (I)

Wherein:

R¹the number Hal is indicated as the number Hal,

R²means phenyl, naphthyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by A, Hal, OA, OH, COOA, COOH, CONH₂、CONHA、CONA₂And/or SO₂A is mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-or penta-substituted,

or

The number of the fingers Het is the number of Het,

R³means phenyl, naphthyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by A, Hal, OA, OH, NH₂、NHA、NA₂、COOA、COOH、CONH₂、CONHA、CONA₂、SO₂A、CN、C(＝NH)NH₂And/or C (═ NH) NHOH is mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-or pentasubstituted,

or

The number of the fingers Het is the number of Het,

het denotes a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocycle having 1 to 4N, O and/or S atoms which may be substituted by Hal, A, OA, OH, CHO, COA, COOH, COOA, CN, NO₂、NH₂、NHA、NA₂、CONH₂CONHA and/or CONA₂Mono-, di-or tri-substituted,

hal is F, Cl, Br or I,

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

2. A compound according to claim 1, wherein

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

3. A compound according to claim 1, wherein

Het denotes pyridyl, pyrimidyl, furyl or iso-pyridylAzolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl,Oxazolyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thienyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl or indazolyl,

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

4. A compound according to claim 2, wherein

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

5. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein

R²Are Het, and/or

R³The number of the fingers Het is the number of Het,

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

6. A compound according to claim 1, wherein

R¹The number Hal is indicated as the number Hal,

or

The number of the fingers Het is the number of Het,

or

The number of the fingers Het is the number of Het,

hal is F, Cl, Br or I,

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

7. A compound according to claim 6, wherein

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

8. A compound selected from:

2-bromo-3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3, 5-diphenyl-4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

2-chloro-3- (4-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl) -4-hydroxy-5- (4-methylphenyl) -6, 7-dihydro-thieno [2, 3-b ] pyridin-6-one,

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

9. A compound selected from:

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

10. Process for the preparation of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, characterized in that a compound of formula (II) is cyclized under basic conditions, and/or a base or acid of formula I is converted into one of its salts

Wherein R is¹、R²、R³Each having the corresponding meaning as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, and ALK means C₁-C₆An alkyl group.

11. A medicament comprising at least one compound according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and optionally excipients and/or auxiliaries.

12. Use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity, cancer, inflammation, cardiovascular disease.