HK1146274A

HK1146274A - Macrocyclic hepatitis c serine protease inhibitors

Info

Publication number: HK1146274A
Application number: HK11100397.6A
Authority: HK
Inventors: Ku Yiyin; F. Mcdaniel Keith; Chen Hui-Ju; P. Shanley Jason; J. Kempf Dale; J. Grampovnik David; Sun Ying; Liu Dong; Gai Yonghua; Sun Or Yat; H. Wagaw Seble; Engstrom Ken; Grieme Tim; Sheikh Ahmad; Mei Jianzhang
Original assignee: Abbott Laboratories; Enanta Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Priority date: 2008-09-11
Filing date: 2011-01-14
Publication date: 2011-05-20

Description

Macrocyclic hepatitis c serine protease inhibitors

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application serial No. 61/191,725 filed on 11/9/2008 and U.S. provisional patent application No. 61/209,689 filed on 10/3/2009. The disclosures of the above-mentioned patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Collaborative research protocol

The invention described in this application was made by or on behalf of the Aboott Laboratories (Aboott Laboratories) and Enanta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., who are the parties to a collaborative research agreement that was in effect on or before the date such invention was made, and was made as a result of work performed within the scope of the collaborative research agreement.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to novel macrocyclic compounds having activity against Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and are useful in the treatment of HCV infections. More particularly, the invention relates to macrocyclic compounds, compositions comprising such compounds and methods of using them, as well as methods of making such compounds.

Background

HCV is a major cause of non-a, non-b hepatitis and is an increasingly serious public health problem in both the developed and developing world. It is estimated that the virus infects more than 2 billion people worldwide, nearly 5-fold more than individuals infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HCV infected patients are at high risk of developing cirrhosis of the liver, followed by hepatocellular carcinoma and end-stage liver disease, due to a high percentage of individuals affected by chronic infection. HCV is the most common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma and the cause of patients in the western world who require liver transplantation.

There are considerable obstacles to the development of anti-HCV therapeutics, including but not limited to the persistence of the virus, genetic differences during replication of the virus in the host, high incidence of virus-producing resistant mutants, and the lack of reproducible infection culture systems and small animal models for HCV replication and pathogenesis. In most cases exhibiting a mild course of infection and complex biology of the liver, careful consideration must be given to prescribed antiviral drugs, which are likely to have significant side effects.

Summary of The Invention

The present invention relates to novel macrocyclic compounds and methods of using the macrocyclic compounds to treat hepatitis c infections in patients in need of such therapy. The compounds of the present invention interfere with the life cycle of the hepatitis c virus and are useful as antiviral agents. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

In one aspect, the invention provides compounds of formula I or I':

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein:

j is absent, is optionally substituted alkylene, optionally substituted alkenylene, optionally substituted alkynylene, -C (O) -, -O-C (O) -, -N (R)₃)-C(O)-、-C(S)-、-C(＝NR₄)-、-S(O)-、-S(O₂) -or-N (R)₃)-；

A is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl or optionally substituted alkynyl, each containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted arylalkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl or optionally substituted carbocyclyl;

each R₁Is independently selected from

(i) Halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-SOR₄、-SO₂R₄、-N(R₃)S(O₂)-R₄、-N(R₃)S(O₂)NR₃R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄or-N (R)₃)C(O)R₄；

(ii) Optionally substituted aryl;

(iii) optionally substituted heteroaryl;

(iv) an optionally substituted heterocyclic group;

(v) optionally substituted carbocyclyl; or

(vi) Optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl or optionally substituted alkynyl, each containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N;

g is-E-R₅；

Wherein E is absent, is optionally substituted alkylene, optionally substituted alkenylene, optionally substituted alkynylene, each containing 0, 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; or-O-, -S-, -N (R)₃)-、-N(R₃)S(O_p)-、-N(R₃)C(O)-、-N(R₃)C(O)S(O_p)-、-OS(O_p)-、-C(O)S(O_p) -or-C (O) N (R)₃)S(O_p)-；

P is 0, 1 or 2;

R₅is H; optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl or optionally substituted alkynyl, each containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; optionally substituted carbocyclyl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl;

R₃and R₄Each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of: optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl or optionally substituted alkynyl, each containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted carbocyclyl; or hydrogen;

l is absent or selected from optionally substituted alkylene, optionally substituted alkenylene or optionally substituted alkynylene, each containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N;

y is N or-C (R') -;

a, R therein₁R ', and/or R' may be joined together to form a ring;

j is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;

k is 0, 1, 2 or 3;

m is 0, 1 or 2;

n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

represents a carbon-carbon single bond or double bond,

wherein if Y is N, R 'is optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted carbocyclyl, and comprises two or more fused rings, and wherein R' is not N

Wherein if Y is-C (R ') -, then R ' and R ' are taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form an aryl or heteroaryl ring, each of said rings being optionally substituted;

with the proviso that the compound is not tert-butyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane (cyclopentadien) -6-ylcarbamate.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I or I', or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a method of treating a viral infection in a patient, comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I or I', or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising said compound.

Detailed Description

The present invention provides compounds of formula I or I':

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein:

each R₁Is independently selected from

(i) Halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-SOR₄、-SO₂R₄、-N(R₃)S(O₂)-R₄、-N(R₃)(SO₂)NR₃R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄or-N (R)₃)C(O)R₄；

(ii) Optionally substituted aryl;

(iii) optionally substituted heteroaryl;

(iv) an optionally substituted heterocyclic group;

(v) optionally substituted carbocyclyl; or

g is-E-R₅；

P is 0, 1 or 2;

l is absent or selected from optionally substituted alkylene, optionally substituted alkenylene, optionally substituted alkynylene, each containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N;

y is N or-C (R') -;

a, R therein₁R ', and/or R' may be joined together to form a ring;

j is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;

k is 0, 1, 2 or 3;

m is 0, 1 or 2;

n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

represents a carbon-carbon single or double bond (i.e.,means that

with the proviso that the compound is not tert-butyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamate.

It is to be understood that the various embodiments of the invention discussed below relating to preferred variable selections may be employed alone or in combination with one or more other embodiments of the invention, or preferred variable selections, as if each combination were explicitly exemplified herein.

In one aspect, the invention provides a compound of formula I or I ', or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or prodrug thereof, wherein Y is CR ", and R' and R" are taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl ring.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula I or I ', or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein Y is-CR ", and R' and R" are taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted aryl ring, preferably phenyl.

Alternatively or additionally, k-3, j-1 and L are absent.

Alternatively or additionally, R 'and R' together with the carbon atom to which they are each attached form a quilt (R)₂)_xSubstituted aryl, wherein each R₂Independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-SOR₄、-SO₂R₄、-N(R₃)S(O₂)-R₄、-N(R₃)(SO₂)NR₃R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄or-N (R)₃)C(O)R₄(ii) a Optionally substituted aryl; optionally substituted heteroaryl; an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; optionally substituted carbocyclyl; or optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl or optionally substituted alkynyl, each containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; and x is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

Alternatively or additionally, R₁Is absent (i.e. n ═ 0) or is halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-SOR₄、-SO₂R₄、-N(R₃)S(O₂)-R₄、-N(R₃)S(O₂)NR₃R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄or-N (R)₃)C(O)R₄。

Alternatively or additionally, R 'and R' together with the atoms to which they are each attached form a quilt (R)₂)_xSubstituted aryl, wherein each R₂Independently absent (i.e., x ═ 0) or halo.

Alternatively or additionally, R₁Absent (i.e., n ═ 0) or halo.

Alternatively or additionally, E is-NH-, -NHS (O)_p) -or-NH (CO) S (O)_p) -, and p is 2.

Alternatively or additionally, E is-NHS (O)_p) -, and p is 2.

Alternatively or additionally, R₅Is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or imidazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted. In further embodiments, R₅Is an optionally substituted cyclopropyl group or an optionally substituted thienyl group, preferably a cyclopropyl group or a thienyl group.

Alternatively or additionally, J is-C (O) -, -O-C (O) -, -C(s) -, -C (═ NR)₄) -, -S (O) -or-S (O)₂) -. Preferably J is-C (O) -.

Alternatively or additionally, m is 1.

Alternatively or additionally, each R₃Is H.

Alternatively or additionally, A is optionally substituted-C₁-C₈Alkyl containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted-C₁-C₈Alkoxy, optionally substituted heteroAryl, optionally substituted-C₃-C₁₂Cycloalkyl or optionally substituted-C₃-C₁₂A heterocycloalkyl group. In a further embodiment, A is selected from

Preferably, a is 5-methyl-pyrazin-2-yl.

In yet another aspect, the invention provides a compound of formula I or I ', or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or prodrug thereof, wherein Y is CR ", and R' and R" are taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted heteroaryl ring. The remaining variables are as defined above, including alternative or preferred embodiments, as repeated herein.

The invention also features compounds of formula I or I '(preferably formula I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or prodrug thereof, wherein Y is CR ", and R' and R" are taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form an aryl or heteroaryl ring, preferably phenyl, optionally substituted with one or more R₂Substitution;

k is 0, j is 0, m is 1, n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, and L is C₃-C₆Alkylene radical, C₃-C₆Alkenylene or C₃-C₆Alkynylene optionally substituted with one or more R₇Substituted (preferably butylene);

j is-C (O) -or-O-C (O) - (preferably-C (O) -;

a is C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₃-C₁₀Carbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl containing 5 to 10 ring atoms, and A is optionally substituted with one or more R₆Substitution;

g is-E-R₅(ii) a E is-NHS (O)₂)-；R₅Is C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₃-C₁₀Carbocyclyl (preferably cyclopropyl), heteroaryl (preferably thienyl) or heterocyclyl containing 5 to 10 ring atoms, R₅Optionally substituted by one or more R₇Substitution;

each R is₁And R₂Independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-S(O)R₄、-S(O₂)R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄、-N(R₃)C(O)R₄、C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₁-C₆Haloalkyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkenyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkynyl, optionally substituted with one or more R₇Substituted C₃-C₁₀Carbocyclyl, or containing 5 to 10 ring atoms and optionally substituted by one or more R₇A substituted heterocyclic group, a heterocyclic group,

wherein each R₆And R₇Independently at each occurrence, selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CF₃、-CN、-N₃、-NO₂、-C₁-C₆Alkyl (preferably methyl), C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₁-C₆Haloalkyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkenyl or C₂-C₆Haloalkynyl (and preferably, R)₁And R₂Absent at each occurrence); and

R₃and R₄Each occurrence independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl or C₂-C₆Alkynyl and R₃Hydrogen is preferred.

The invention further features compounds of formula I or I' (preferably formula I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereofAn acceptable salt, ester or prodrug, wherein Y is CR "and R' and R" are taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form a compound optionally substituted with one or more R₂Substituted phenyl;

k is 3, j is 1, m is 1, n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, and L is absent;

j is-C (O) -or-O-C (O) -;

a is C₁-C₆Alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C₅-C₆Carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl containing 5 to 6 ring atoms, and optionally substituted with one or more R₆Substitution;

g is-E-R₅(ii) a E is-NHS (O)₂)-；R₅Is C₃-C₆Carbocyclyl or heteroaryl, and optionally substituted with one or more R₇Substitution; in one embodiment, R₅Selected from cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl or imidazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more R₇Substitution; preferably R₅Is cyclopropyl.

Each R is₁And R₂Independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -N₃、-CF₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-S(O)R₄、-S(O₂)R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄、-N(R₃)C(O)R₄、C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₁-C₆Haloalkyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkenyl or C₂-C₆A haloalkynyl group;

R₃is hydrogen; and each R₄Independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl or C₂-C₆An alkynyl group;

R₆and R₇Independently at each occurrence, selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CF₃、-CN、-N₃、-NO₂、-C₁-C₆Alkyl (preferably methyl), C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₁-C₆Haloalkyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkenyl or C₂-C₆A haloalkynyl group;

a may, for example, be selected from the group consisting of each group optionally substituted by one or more R₆And (3) substitution:

in yet another aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula I or I ', or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein R ' is optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted carbocyclyl, and comprises two or more fused rings, and wherein R ' is notAnd Y is N.

In a further aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula I or I ', or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein R ' is optionally substituted heterocyclyl or optionally substituted heteroaryl, comprising two or more fused rings, and wherein R ' is notAnd Y is N. Preferably, R' is an optionally substituted fused bicyclic heterocyclic group or fused bicyclic heteroaryl group. Alternatively or additionally, R' is optionally substituted with one or more R₂(and preferably by alkyl or aryl).

The remaining variables are as defined above, including preferred or alternative embodiments.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula I or I ', or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein R ' is optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted carbocyclyl, and comprises two or more fused rings, and wherein R ' is notAnd Y is N; wherein k is 3, j is 1 and L is absent.

Preferably, the compound has formula I.

Alternatively or additionally, m is 1.

Alternatively or additionally, each R₃Is H.

Alternatively or additionally, R₁And R₂Independently hydrogen or halogen.

Alternatively or additionally, E is-NHS (O)_p) -, and p is 2.

Alternatively or additionally, J is-C (O) -.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula I or I ', or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein Y is N, and R' isAnd is optionally substituted; with the proviso that the compound is not (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ]]Thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] e]Pyrrolo [1, 2-a][1，4]Diazacyclopentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester.

The invention also features compounds of formula I or I '(preferably formula I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein Y is N, and R' isAnd optionally substituted with one or more R₂Substitution;

k is 0, j is 0, m is 1, n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, and L is C₃-C₆Alkylene radical, C₃-C₆Alkenylene or C₃-C₆Alkynylene optionally substituted with one or more R₇Substitution;

j is-C (O) -or-O-C (O) -;

a is C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₃-C₁₀Carbocyclic, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclic radicals containing 5 to 10 ring atomsAnd A is optionally substituted with one or more R₆Substitution;

g is-E-R₅(ii) a E is-NHS (O)₂)-；R₅Is C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₃-C₁₀Carbocyclyl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl containing 5 to 10 ring atoms, and R₅Optionally substituted by one or more R₇Substitution;

each R is₁And R₂Independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-S(O)R₄、-S(O₂)R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄、-N(R₃)C(O)R₄、C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₁-C₆Haloalkyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkenyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkynyl, optionally substituted with one or more R₇Substituted C₃-C₁₀Carbocyclyl, or containing 5 to 10 ring atoms and optionally substituted by one or more R₇A substituted heterocyclic group;

wherein each R₆And R₇Independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₁-C₆Haloalkyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkenyl or C₂-C₆A haloalkynyl group; and R₃And R₄Independently at each occurrence selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl or C₂-C₆An alkynyl group;

The invention further features compounds of formula I or I '(preferably formula I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein Y is N, and R' isAnd optionally substituted with one or more R₂Substitution;

k is 0, j is 0, m is 1, n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, and L is C₃-C₆Alkylene radical, C₃-C₆Alkenylene or C₃-C₆Alkynylene and optionally substituted with one or more halo;

j is-C (O) -or-O-C (O) -; a is C₁-C₆Alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C₃-C₁₀Carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl containing 5 to 10 ring atoms, and optionally substituted with one or more R₆Substitution;

g is-E-R₅(ii) a E is-NHS (O)₂)-；R₅Is C₃-C₁₀Carbocyclyl or heteroaryl, and optionally substituted with one or more R₇Substitution;

each R is₁And R₂Independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-S(O)R₄、-S(O₂)R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄、-N(R₃)C(O)R₄、C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₁-C₆Haloalkyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkenyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkynyl, optionally monoA plurality of R₇Substituted C₃-C₁₀Carbocyclyl, or containing 5 to 10 ring atoms and optionally substituted by one or more R₇A substituted heterocyclic group;

wherein each R₆And R₇Independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₁-C₆Haloalkyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkenyl or C₂-C₆A haloalkynyl group; r₃Is hydrogen; and each R₄Independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl or C₂-C₆An alkynyl group;

Furthermore, the invention features compounds of formula I or I '(preferably formula I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein Y is N, and R' isAnd optionally substituted with one or more R₂Substitution;

k is 3, j is 1, m is 1, n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, and L is absent; j is-C (O) -or-O-C (O) -; a is C₅-C₆Carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl containing 5 to 6 ring atoms, and optionally substituted with one or more R₆Substitution;

g is-E-R₅(ii) a E is-NHS (O)₂)-；R₅Is C₃-C₆Carbocyclyl or heteroaryl, and optionally substituted with one or more R₇Substitution;

each R is₁And R₂Independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-S(O)R₄、-S(O₂)R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄、-N(R₃)C(O)R₄、C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkynyl, C₁-C₆Haloalkyl, C₂-C₆Haloalkenyl or C₂-C₆A haloalkynyl group;

R₃is hydrogen; and each R₄Independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆Alkyl radical, C₂-C₆Alkenyl or C₂-C₆Alkynyl, and R₆And R₇As defined above;

In one embodiment, R₅Selected from cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl or imidazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more R₇And (4) substitution. Preferably, R₅Is cyclopropyl. A may, for example, be selected from the following groups, and optionally substituted with one or more R₆And (3) substitution:

representative compounds include, but are not limited to, the following:

(1) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(2) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (isonicotinamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(3) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (2-fluorobenzamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(4) n- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide;

(5) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(6) n- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-yl) isoxazole-5-carboxamide;

(7) n- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-yl) thiazole-4-carboxamide;

(8) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxamide;

(9) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-6- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(10) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1, 3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxamide;

(11) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (3-fluorobenzamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(12) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(13) n- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide;

(14) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(15) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(16) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(17) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-6- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxamide;

(18) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(19) n- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide;

(20) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(21) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxamide;

(22) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxamide; and

(23) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-6- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide.

(24) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(25) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -6- (pyrazine-2-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(26) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid cyclopentyl ester;

(27) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(28) n- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide;

(29) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(30) n- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-yl) thiazole-5-carboxamide;

(31) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (2-fluorobenzamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(32) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -6- (pyridazine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(33) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -6- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(34) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(35) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(36) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(37) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -2- (2-fluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid cyclopentyl ester;

(38) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -2- (2, 9-difluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(39) (2R, 6S, 13aRS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) octadecylcyclopropano [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(40) (2R, 6S, 13aR, 14aR, 16aS) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) octadecahydrocyclopropano [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamic acid cyclopentyl ester;

(41) (2R, 6S, 13aR, 14aR, 16aS) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -14a- (thien-2-ylsulfonylcarbamoyl) octadecahydrocyclopropano [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(42) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide;

(43) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aS, Z) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5- (2-fluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-9-ylcarbamic acid cyclopentyl ester;

(44) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aS, Z) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5- (9-fluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(45) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aS, Z) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5- (8-fluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(46) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aS, Z) -5- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -9- (isonicotinamido yl) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-1 a-carboxamide;

(47) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aS, Z) -5- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -9- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-1 a-carboxamide;

(48) (2R, 6S, 13aR, 14aR, 16aS) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) octadecahydrocyclopropano [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamic acid cyclopentyl ester;

(49) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aS, Z) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5- (2, 9-difluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(50) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aS, Z) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5- (2, 10-difluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(51) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aR, Z) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5- (3- (naphthalen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(52) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aR, Z) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5- (3- (naphthalen-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(53) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aR, Z) -5- (3- (1H-indol-5-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(54) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aR, Z) -5- (3- (1H-indol-6-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(55) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aR, Z) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -3, 8-dioxo-5- (3- (quinolin-3-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(56) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aR, Z) -5- (3- (benzo [ d ] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(57) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aR, Z) -5- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -9- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -3, 8-dioxo-1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-1 a-carboxamide; and

(58) (1aR, 3aS, 5R, 9S, 16aS, Z) -1a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -3, 8-dioxo-5- (thiazolo [4, 5-c ] quinolin-4-yloxy) -1, 1a, 2, 3, 3a, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-9-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester; and

(59) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -2- (3, 9-difluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I or I' as described herein or in the above embodiments, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

According to another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may further comprise one or more other anti-HCV agents. Examples of anti-HCV drugs include, but are not limited to, interferon-alpha; a beta-interferon; pegylated interferon- α; pegylated interferon- λ; ribavirin; ribavirin analogs (viramidine); r-5158; nitrozole kaempferol; amantadine; debio-025; NIM-811; HCV polymerase inhibitors such as R7128, R1626, R4048, T-1106, PSI-7851, PF-00868554, ANA-598, IDX184, IDX102, IDX375, GS-9190, VCH-759, VCH-916, MK-3281, BCX-4678, MK-3281, VBY708, ANA598, GL59728, or GL 60667; BMS-790052; BMS-791325; BMS-650032; HCV entry (entry), helicase (helicase) or ribosome entry site inhibitors; or other HCV replication inhibitors such as GS-9132, ACH-1095, AP-H005, A-831, A-689, AZD 2836. For further details see s.tan.a.pause, y.shi, n.sonenberg, hepatitis c therapy: current state and emerging strategies, naturerev. drug discov., 1, 867-; WO 00/59929 (2000); WO 99/07733 (1999); WO 00/09543 (2000); WO 99/50230 (1999); US5861297 (1999); and US2002/0037998 (2002).

According to a further embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition of the invention may further comprise another HCV protease inhibitor, such as telaprevir, boceprevir, ITMN-191, BI-201335, TMC-435, MK-7009, VBY-376, VX-500, VX-813, PHX-B, ACH-1625, IDX136 or IDX 316.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions further comprising a pegylated interferon, another antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal or anticancer agent, or an immunomodulator, and/or further comprising a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (monooxysynthase) inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitor is ritonavir.

In another aspect, the invention provides the use of a compound of the invention for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of a viral infection. In another aspect, the present invention provides the use of a compound of the present invention for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of hepatitis c infection. The present invention also contemplates the use of solvates (e.g., hydrates) of the compounds of the present invention for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the prevention or treatment of hepatitis c infection. As used herein, "solvate" refers to the physical association of a compound of the present invention with one or more solvent molecules, whether organic or inorganic. Such physical association typically involves hydrogen bonding. In certain instances, solvates can be isolated, for example, when one or more solvent molecules are incorporated into the crystal lattice of a crystalline solid.

In another embodiment, the compound or pharmaceutical composition of the invention and ritonavir may be administered simultaneously or sequentially. In certain embodiments, the compound or pharmaceutical composition of the invention is administered in the same composition as ritonavir. In another embodiment, the compound or pharmaceutical composition of the invention is administered in a different composition than ritonavir.

According to yet another embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further comprise inhibitors of other targets in the HCV life cycle, including but not limited to helicase, polymerase, metalloprotease, CD81, NS5A, cyclophilin, and inhibitors of the inner ribosome entry site.

According to a further embodiment, the present invention includes a method of treating hepatitis c infection in a patient in need of such treatment by administering to said patient an anti-HCV virally effective or inhibitory amount of a compound or pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.

According to another embodiment, the invention includes a method of treating hepatitis C infection in a patient in need of such treatment by administering to said patient a compound or pharmaceutical composition of the invention. The method may further comprise administering an additional therapeutic agent, including another antiviral agent or an anti-HCV agent as described above. The additional therapeutic agent may be co-administered (e.g., concurrently or sequentially) with the compound of the invention (a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or prodrug thereof) or the pharmaceutical composition. The additional therapeutic agent and the compound of the invention (a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof) may be formulated in the same composition, or in separate compositions, but co-administered in a simultaneous or sequential manner. The methods herein can further comprise the step of identifying a patient in need of treatment for hepatitis c infection. The identification can be made by subjective (e.g., health care provider's judgment) or objective (e.g., diagnostic test) means.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a method of inhibiting replication of hepatitis c virus, the method comprising contacting hepatitis c virus with an effective amount of a compound or pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides the method as described above, further comprising administering an additional anti-hepatitis c virus agent. Examples of anti-hepatitis c virus drugs include, but are not limited to, interferon-alpha; a beta-interferon; pegylated interferon- α; pegylated interferon- λ; ribavirin; viramidine; r-5158; nitrozole kaempferol; amantadine; debio-025; NIM-811; HCV polymerase inhibitors such as R7128, R1626, R4048, T-1106, PSI-7851, PF-00868554, ANA-598, IDX184, IDX102, IDX375, GS-9190, VCH-759, VCH-916, MK-3281, BCX-4678, MK-3281, VBY708, ANA598, GL59728, or GL 60667; BMS-790052; BMS-791352; BMS-650032; inhibitors of HCV entry, helicase or inner ribosome entry sites; or other HCV replication inhibitors such as GS-9132, ACH-1095, AP-H005, A-831, A-689, AZD 2836. For further details see s.tan.a.pause, y.shi, n.sonenberg, hepatitis c therapy: current state and emerging strategies, Nature rev. drug discov., 1, 867-; WO 00/59929 (2000); WO 99/07733 (1999); WO 00/09543 (2000); WO 99/50230 (1999); US5861297 (1999); and US2002/0037998 (2002). Preferably, the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are co-administered or co-administered with pegylated interferon (e.g., pegylated interferon alfa-2 a or 2b) and ribavirin. Ritonavir or another cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitor may also be used to promote the pharmacokinetics of the compounds of the present invention. The patient to be treated is preferably infected with HCV genotype 1 (e.g. genotype 1a or 1 b). Patients infected with other HCV genotypes (e.g., genotype 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) can also be treated with a compound or pharmaceutical composition of the invention.

In another embodiment, the invention provides a method as described above, further comprising administering another HCV protease inhibitor, HCV polymerase inhibitor, HCV helicase inhibitor, or Inner Ribosome Entry Site (IRES) inhibitor, such as telaprevir, boceprevir, ITMN-191, BI-201335, TMC-435, MK-7009, VBY-376, VX-500, VX-813, PHX-B, ACH-1625, IDX136, or IDX316, pegylated interferon, another antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, or anticancer agent, or an immunomodulator, and/or further comprising a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase is ritonavir.

Further embodiments of the invention include methods of treating a biological sample by contacting the biological sample with a compound of the invention.

Yet another aspect of the invention is a method of making any of the compounds described herein using any of the synthetic methods described herein.

Definition of

The following are definitions of various terms used to describe the present invention. When a term is used throughout this specification and claims, either alone or as part of a larger group, these definitions apply to that term unless otherwise defined in specific instances. The number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl substituent may be preceded by the prefix "C_x-C_y"indicates where x is the minimum number of carbon atoms in the substituent and y is the maximum number of carbon atoms in the substituent.

The prefix "halo" indicates that the substituent to which the prefix is attached is substituted with one or more independently selected halogen groups. For example, "haloalkyl" means an alkyl substituent in which at least one hydrogen group is replaced with a halogen group.

If a connection element is "absent" in the depicted structure, the element on the left in the depicted structure is directly connected to the element on the right in the depicted structure. For example, if a chemical structure is described as X-L-Y, where L is absent, then the chemical structure is X-Y.

The term "alkyl" as used herein, refers to a saturated, straight or branched chain hydrocarbon group typically containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms. For example, "C₁-C₆Alkyl "or" C₁-C₈Alkyl groups "contain 1-6, or 1-8 carbon atoms, respectively. Examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-propylAlkyl, tert-butyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, heptyl, octyl and the like.

The term "alkenyl" as used herein, refers to a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical containing one or more double bonds and typically from 2 to 20 carbon atoms. For example, "C₂-C₆Alkenyl "or" C₂-C₈Alkenyl "contains 2-6, or 2-8 carbon atoms, respectively. Alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, for example, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, 1-methyl-2-buten-1-yl, heptenyl, octenyl, and the like.

The term "alkynyl" as used herein refers to a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical containing one or more triple bonds and typically from 2 to 20 carbon atoms. For example, "C₂-C₆Alkynyl "or" C₂-C₈Alkynyl "contains 2-6, or 2-8 carbon atoms, respectively. Representative alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, for example, ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 1-butynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, and the like.

The term "alkylene" refers to a divalent group derived from a straight or branched saturated hydrocarbyl (hydrocarbyl) chain typically containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more typically containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and even more typically containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Representative examples of alkylene groups include, but are not limited to, -CH₂-、-CH₂CH₂-、-CH₂CH₂CH₂-、-CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂-and-CH₂CH(CH₃)CH₂-。

The term "alkenylene" refers to a divalent unsaturated hydrocarbon group that may be straight or branched chain and that contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Alkenylene groups typically contain 2-20 carbon atoms, more typically 2-8 carbon atoms, and even more typically 2-6 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of alkenylene include-c (h) ═ c (h) -, -c (h) ═ c (h) -CH₂-、-C(H)＝C(H)-CH₂-CH₂-、-CH₂-C(H)＝C(H)-CH₂-、-C(H)＝C(H)-CH(CH₃) -and-CH₂-C(H)＝C(H)-CH(CH₂CH₃)-。

The term "alkynylene" refers to a divalent unsaturated hydrocarbon group that may be straight or branched chain and that contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Examples of representative alkynylene groups include-C.ident.C-, -C.ident.C-CH₂-、-C≡C-CH₂-CH₂-、-CH₂-C≡C-CH₂-、-C≡C-CH(CH₃) -and-CH₂-C≡C-CH(CH₂CH₃)-。

The term "cycloalkyl" denotes a monovalent group derived from a monocyclic or polycyclic saturated carbocyclic compound. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, bicyclo [2.2.1] heptyl, and bicyclo [2.2.2] octyl, and the like.

The term "carbocycle" or "carbocyclic" or "carbocyclyl" refers to a saturated (e.g., "cycloalkyl"), partially saturated (e.g., "cycloalkenyl" or "cycloalkynyl") or fully unsaturated (e.g., aryl) ring system containing 0 heteroatom ring atoms and typically containing from 3 to 18 carbon ring atoms. Carbocyclyl may be (without limitation) a single ring or two or more fused rings, or a bridged or spiro ring. The carbocyclyl group may contain, for example, 3 to 14 ring members (i.e., C)₃-C₁₄Carbocyclic radicals, e.g. C₃-C₁₄Cycloalkyl), 3-10 ring members (i.e., C)₃-C₁₀Carbocyclic radicals, e.g. C₃-C₁₀Cycloalkyl), 3-8 ring members (i.e., C)₃-C₈Carbocyclic radicals, e.g. C₃-C₈Cycloalkyl), or 3 to 6 ring members (i.e., C)₃-C₆Carbocyclic radicals, e.g. C₃-C₆Cycloalkyl groups). Saturated carbocycles may have either cis or trans geometry. Representative examples of carbocyclyl include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexadienyl, adamantyl, decahydronaphthyl, octahydroindenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, indanyl, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-naphthyl, indenyl, isoindolyl, bicyclodecanyl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl, benzonaphthyl (also known as "phenalenyl"), decahydronaphthyl, and norpinanyl, and the like. The carbocyclic group being attached to the aromatic ring via any substitutable carbon atom of the groupAttached to the parent molecular moiety.

The term "aryl" refers to an aromatic carbocyclic group containing 6 to 14 carbon ring atoms. Non-limiting examples of aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, and indenyl groups, and the like. The aryl group may be attached to the parent molecular moiety through any substitutable carbon atom of the group.

The term "aralkyl" or "arylalkyl" refers to an alkyl residue attached to an aromatic ring. Examples of aralkyl groups include, but are not limited to, benzyl, phenethyl, and the like.

The term "heteroaryl" refers to aromatic heterocyclic groups typically containing 5 to 18 ring atoms. Heteroaryl groups can be a single ring, or two or more fused rings. Non-limiting examples of 5-membered heterocycles include imidazolyl; a furyl group; thienyl (or thienyl or thiophenyl)); a pyrazolyl group; an oxazolyl group; an isoxazolyl group; a thiazolyl group; 1, 2, 3-, 1, 2, 4-, 1, 2, 5-and 1, 3, 4-oxadiazolyl; and an isothiazolyl group. Non-limiting examples of six membered heteroaryl groups include pyridyl; a pyrazinyl group; a pyrimidinyl group; a pyridazinyl group; and 1, 3, 5-, 1, 2, 4-, and 1, 2, 3-triazinyl groups. Non-limiting examples of 6/5 membered fused ring heteroaryl groups include benzothienyl, isobenzothienyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, purinyl, and anthrenyl. Non-limiting examples of 6/6-membered fused ring heteroaryls include quinolinyl; an isoquinolinyl group; and benzoxazinyl (including cinnolinyl and quinazolinyl).

The term "heteroaralkyl" or "heteroarylalkyl" refers to an alkyl residue attached to a heteroaromatic ring. Examples include, but are not limited to, pyridylmethyl, pyrimidinylethyl, and the like.

The term "heterocycloalkyl" refers to a non-aromatic 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, or 7-membered ring or a bicyclic or tricyclic group fused system in which (i) each ring contains 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen, (ii) each 5-membered ring has 0-1 double bonds and each 6-membered ring has 0-2 double bonds, (iii) the nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may be optionally oxidized, (iv) the nitrogen heteroatom may be optionally quaternized, and (v) any of the above rings may be fused to a benzene ring. Representative heterocycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, [1, 3] dioxolane, pyrrolidinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolidinyl, morpholinyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl and the like.

The term "heterocyclic" or "heterocycle" or "heterocyclyl" refers to a saturated (e.g., "heterocycloalkyl"), partially unsaturated (e.g., "heterocycloalkenyl" or "heterocycloalkynyl") or fully unsaturated (e.g., heteroaryl) ring system, typically containing from 3 to 18 carbon ring atoms in which at least one ring atom is a heteroatom (e.g., nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur) and the remaining ring atoms are independently selected from carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. The heterocyclyl may be attached to the parent molecular moiety through any substitutable carbon or nitrogen atom in that group. A heterocyclyl group can be, without limitation, a monocyclic ring, which typically contains 3-14 ring atoms, 3-8 ring atoms, 3-6 ring atoms, or 5-6 ring atoms. Non-limiting examples of monocyclic heterocyclyl groups include furyl, dihydrofuryl, pyrrolyl, isopyrrolyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, isoimidazolyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, dithiacyclopentadienyl, oxathiolanyl (oxathiyl), oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiazolinyl, isothiazolinyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, thiadiazolyl, oxathiadiazolyl (oxathiazolyl), oxadiazolyl, pyranyl, dihydropyranyl, pyridyl, piperidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, piperazinyl, triazinyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolidinyl, oxathizinyl, oxadiazolyl, morpholinyl, azaazaazanylOxygen radical and oxygen radicalBasic, sulfur heteroRadicals or diazepinesAnd (4) a base. Heterocyclyl groups may also include, without limitation, two or more rings fused together, for example, naphthyridinyl, thiazolopyrimidinyl, thienopyrimidinyl, pyrimidopyrimidinyl, or pyridopyrimidinyl. Heterocyclyl groups may contain one or more sulfur atoms as ring members; and in some cases, the sulfur atom is oxidized to SO or SO₂. The nitrogen heteroatom in the heterocyclyl may or may not be quaternized and may or may not be oxidized to the N-oxide. Furthermore, the nitrogen heteroatom may or may not be N-protected.

The terms "optionally substituted," "optionally substituted alkyl," "optionally substituted alkenyl," "optionally substituted alkynyl," "optionally substituted carbocyclyl," "optionally substituted aryl," "optionally substituted heteroaryl," "optionally substituted heterocyclyl," and any other optionally substituted group used herein, refer to a group substituted or unsubstituted with one, two, or three or more hydrogen atoms independently replaced thereon by substituents including, but not limited to:

-F、-Cl、-Br、-I，

-OH, protected hydroxy, alkoxy, oxo, thioxo,

-NO₂、-CN、CF₃、N₃，

-NH₂protected amino, -NH alkyl, -NH alkenyl, -NH alkynyl, -NH cycloalkyl, -NH-aryl, -NH-heteroaryl, -NH-heterocyclyl, -dialkylamino, -diarylamino, -diheteroarylamino,

-O-alkyl, -O-alkenyl, -O-alkynyl, -O-cycloalkyl, -O-aryl, -O-heteroaryl, -O-heterocyclyl,

-C (O) -alkyl, -C (O) -alkenyl, -C (O) -alkynyl, -C (O) -cycloalkyl, -C (O) -aryl, -C (O) -heteroaryl, -C (O) -heterocycloalkyl,

-CONH₂-, -CONH-alkyl, -CONH-alkenyl, -CONH-alkynyl, -CONH-cycloalkyl, -CONH-aryl, -CONH-heteroaryl, -CONH-heterocycloalkyl,

-OCO₂-alkyl, -OCO₂-alkenyl, -OCO₂-alkynyl, -OCO₂-cycloalkyl, -OCO₂-aryl, -OCO₂-heteroaryl, -OCO₂-heterocycloalkyl, -OCONH₂-, -OCONH-alkyl, -OCONH-alkenyl, -OCONH-alkynyl, -OCONH-cycloalkyl, -OCONH-aryl, -OCONH-heteroaryl, -OCONH-heterocycloalkyl,

-NHC (O) -alkyl, -NHC (O) -alkenyl, -NHC (O) -alkynyl, -NHC (O) -cycloalkyl, -NHC (O) -aryl, -NHC (O) -heteroaryl, -NHC (O) -heterocycloalkyl, -NHCO₂-alkyl, -NHCO₂-alkenyl, -NHCO₂-alkynyl, -NHCO₂-cycloalkyl, -NHCO₂-aryl, -NHCO₂-heteroaryl, -NHCO₂-heterocycloalkyl, -NHC (O) NH₂-, -NHC (O) NH-alkyl, -NHC (O) NH-alkenyl, -NHC (O) NH-alkynyl, -NHC (O) NH-cycloalkyl, -NHC (O) NH-aryl, -NHC (O) NH-heteroaryl, -NHC (O) NH-heterocycloalkyl, -NHC (S) NH-alkyl₂-, -NHC (S) NH-alkyl, -NHC (S) NH-alkenyl, -NHC (S) NH-alkynyl, -NHC (S) NH-cycloalkyl, -NHC (S) NH-aryl, -NHC (S) NH-heteroaryl, -NHC (S) NH-heterocycloalkyl, -NHC (NH) NH-alkyl₂-, -NHC (NH) NH-alkyl, -NHC (NH) NH-alkenyl, -NHC (NH) NH-alkynyl, -NHC (NH) NH-cycloalkyl, -NHC (NH) NH-aryl, -NHC (NH) NH-heteroaryl, -NHC (NH) NH-heterocycloalkyl, -NHC (NH) -alkyl, -NHC (NH) -alkenyl, -NHC (NH) -alkynyl, -NHC (NH) -cycloalkyl, -NHC (NH) -aryl, -NHC (NH) -heteroaryl, -NHC (NH) -heterocycloalkyl,

-C (NH) NH-alkyl, -C (NH) NH-alkenyl, -C (NH) NH-alkynyl, -C (NH) NH-cycloalkyl, -C (NH) NH-aryl, -C (NH) NH-heteroaryl, -C (NH) NH-heterocycloalkyl,

-S (O) -alkyl, -S (O) -alkenyl, -S (O) -alkynyl, -S (O) -cycloalkyl, -S (O) -aryl, -S (O) -heteroaryl, -S (O) -heterocycloalkyl, -SO₂NH₂-、-SO₂NH-alkyl, -SO₂NH-alkenesRadical, -SO₂NH-alkynyl, -SO₂NH-cycloalkyl, -SO₂NH-aryl, -SO₂NH-heteroaryl, -SO₂An NH-heterocycloalkyl group, which is a cyclic or cyclic alkyl group,

-NHSO₂-alkyl, -NHSO₂-alkenyl, -NHSO₂-alkynyl, -NHSO₂-cycloalkyl, -NHSO₂-aryl, -NHSO₂-heteroaryl, -NHSO₂-a heterocycloalkyl group,

-CH₂NH₂-、-CH₂SO₂CH₃-alkyl, -alkenyl, -alkynyl, -aryl, -arylalkyl, -heteroaryl, -heteroarylalkyl, -heterocycloalkyl, -cycloalkyl, -carbocyclyl, -heterocyclyl, -polyalkoxyalkyl, polyalkoxy, -methoxymethoxy, -methoxyethoxy, -SH, -S-alkyl, -S-alkenyl, -S-alkynyl, -S-cycloalkyl, -S-aryl, -S-heteroaryl, -S-heterocycloalkyl, or methylthiomethyl.

It is understood that aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, alkyl, and the like may be further substituted.

The terms "halo" and "halogen", as used herein, refer to a compound selected from fluorine, chlorine. Bromine and iodine atoms.

The term "patient" as used herein refers to a mammal. Thus, the patient refers to, for example, dogs, cats, horses, cows, pigs, guinea pigs, and the like. Preferably the patient is a human. When the patient is a human, the patient may be a patient or a healthy person.

The term "hydroxyl reactive group," as used herein, refers to a labile chemical moiety known in the art that activates a hydroxyl group so that it leaves during synthetic steps, such as substitution or elimination reactions. Examples of hydroxyl-reactive groups include, but are not limited to, mesylate, tosylate, triflate, p-nitrobenzoate, phosphonate, and the like.

The term "leaving group" or "LC", as used herein, refers to any group that leaves during a chemical reaction in which the group participates, including, but not limited to, for example, halogen, p-bromobenzenesulfonate, mesylate, tosylate, triflate, p-nitrobenzoate, phosphonate groups.

The term "protected hydroxy", as used herein, refers to a hydroxy group protected with a hydroxy protecting group as defined above, including, for example, benzoyl, acetyl, trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, methoxymethyl.

The term "hydroxyl protecting group," as used herein, refers to labile chemical moieties known in the art that protect a hydroxyl group from unwanted reactions during synthetic steps. After the synthesis step, the hydroxyl protecting group as defined herein may be selectively removed. Hydroxy protecting groups known in the art are generally described in T.H, Greene and p.g.m.wuts, organic synthetic protecting groups, 3 rd edition, John Wiley&Sons, New York (1999). Examples of the hydroxyl-protecting group include benzyloxycarbonyl, 4-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl, 4-bromobenzyloxycarbonyl, 4-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, methoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, diphenylmethoxycarbonyl, 2, 2, 2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl, 2- (trimethylsilyl) ethoxycarbonyl, 2-furfuryloxycarbonyl, allyloxycarbonyl, acetyl, formyl, chloroacetyl, trifluoroacetyl, methoxyacetyl, phenoxyacetyl, benzoyl, methyl, tert-butyl, 2, 2, 2-trichloroethyl, 2-trimethylsilylethyl, 1-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 3-methyl-3-butenyl, allyl, benzyl, p-methoxybenzyldiphenylmethyl, tert-butyloxycarbonyl, 2-furfuryloxycarbonyl, allyloxycarbonyl, methyl, 2-methyl-ethyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 3-methyl-3-butenyl, allyl, benzyl, p-, Triphenylmethyl (trityl), tetrahydrofuryl, methoxymethyl, methylthiomethyl, benzyloxymethyl, 2, 2, 2-trichloro (trihalo) ethoxymethyl, 2- (trimethylsilyl) ethoxymethyl, methanesulfonyl, p-toluenesulfonyl, trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, triisopropylsilyl and the like. Preferred hydroxyl protecting groups for use in the present invention are acetyl (Ac or-C (O) CH₃) Benzoyl (Bz or-C (O) C)₆H₅) And trimethylsilyl (TMS or-Si (CH)₃)₃)。

The term "amino protecting group", as used herein, refers to labile chemical moieties known in the art that protect an amino group from unwanted reactions during synthetic steps. Following the synthetic steps, the amino protecting groups as described herein may be selectively removed. Amino protecting groups known in the art are generally described in T.H, Greene and P.G.M.Wuts, organic synthetic protecting groups, 3 rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1999). Examples of amino protecting groups include, but are not limited to, tert-butoxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and the like.

The term "protected amino", as used herein, refers to an amino group that is protected with an amino protecting group as defined above.

The term "alkylamino" refers to a group having the structure-N (R)_aR_b) Wherein R is_aAnd R_bIndependently is H or alkyl.

The term "acyl" includes residues derived from acids including, but not limited to, carboxylic acids, carbamic acids, carbonic acids, sulfonic acids, and phosphoric acids. Examples include aliphatic carbonyls, aromatic carbonyls, aliphatic sulfonyls, aromatic sulfinyls, aliphatic sulfinyls, aromatic phosphates, and aliphatic phosphates. Examples of aliphatic carbonyl groups include, but are not limited to, acetyl, propionyl, 2-fluoroacetyl, butyryl, 2-hydroxyacetyl, and the like.

As used herein, the term "pharmaceutically acceptable salts" refers to those salts of the compounds formed by the methods of the present invention which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, and the like, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are well known in the art. For example, s.m.berge, et al, in j.pharmaceutical Sciences, 66: pharmaceutically acceptable salts are described in detail in 1-19 (1977). The salts may be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compounds of the invention or may be isolated by reaction with a free base functionality with a suitable organic acid. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, non-toxic acid addition salts or amino salts formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and perchloric acid or with organic acids such as acetic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid or malonic acid or by other methods used in the art such as ion exchange. Other pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, adipates, alginates, ascorbates, aspartates, benzenesulfonates, benzoates, bisulfates, borates, butyrates, camphorates, camphorsulfonates, citrates, cyclopentanepropionates, digluconates (digluconate), dodecylsulfates, ethanesulfonates, formates, fumarates, glucoheptonates (glucoheptonate), glycerophosphates, gluconates, hemisulfates, heptanoates, hexanoates, hydroiodiates, 2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonates, lactobionates, lactates, lauryls, malates, maleates, malonates, methanesulfonates, 2-naphthalenesulfonates, nicotinates, nitrates, oleates, oxalates, palmitates, pamoates, pectinates, persulfates, 3-phenylpropionates, propionates, lauryls, malates, maleates, malonates, methanesulfonates, 2-naphthalenesulfonates, nicotinates, nitrates, oleates, oxalates, palmitates, pamoates, pectinates, Phosphates, picrates, pivalates, propionates, stearates, succinates, sulfates, tartrates, thiocyanates, p-toluenesulfonates, undecanoates, pentanoates, and the like. Representative alkali or alkaline earth metal salts include sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, or magnesium salts and the like. Other pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the suitable non-toxic ammonium salts, quaternary ammonium salts, and ammonium cations formed using counterions such as halides, hydroxides, carboxylates, sulfates, phosphates, nitrates, alkyl, sulfonates and arylsulfonates having 1-6 carbon atoms.

As used herein, the term "pharmaceutically acceptable esters" refers to those esters of the compounds formed by the process of the present invention that hydrolyze in vivo and include esters that readily decompose in the human body to leave the parent compound or salt thereof. Suitable ester groups include, for example, those derived from pharmaceutically acceptable aliphatic carboxylic acids, particularly alkanoic acids (alkonoic), alkenoic acids (alkenoic), naphthenic acids and alkanedioic acids (alkanedioic acids), wherein each alkyl or alkenyl moiety advantageously has no more than 6 carbon atoms. Examples of specific esters include, but are not limited to, formates, acetates, propionates, butyrates, acrylates, and ethylsuccinates.

The term "pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs" as used herein refers to those prodrugs of the compounds formed by the process of the present invention which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, and the like, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio, and effective for their intended use, as well as the zwitterionic forms of the compounds of the present invention, where possible. "prodrug" as used herein means a compound that can be converted in vivo by metabolic means to provide any compound represented by the structural formula of the present invention. Various forms of prodrugs are known in the art. For example, in Bundgaard, (ed.), Design of produgs, Elsevier (1985); widder, et al (ed.), Methods in Enzymology, vol.4, Academic Press (1985); Krogsgaard-Larsen, et al (ed), "Design and Application of Prodrugs, Textbook of Drug Design and Development", Chapter 5, 113-; bundgaard, et al, Journal of Drug delivery Reviews, 8: 1-38 (1992); bundgaard, J of Pjpharmaceutical Sciences, 77: 285 et seq (1988); higuchi and Stella (eds.) Prodrugs as Novel Drug Delivery System (prodrug as new Drug Delivery System), American Chemical Society (American Chemical Society) (1975); and Bernard Testa & Joachim Mayer, "Hydrolysis In Drug And Prodrug metabolism: chemistry, Biochemistry And Enzymology (hydrolysis of drug And prodrug metabolism: Chemistry, Biochemistry And Enzymology), "John Wiley And Sons, Ltd. (2002).

The invention also includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of the compounds of the invention, and methods of treating viral infections by administering pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of the compounds of the invention. For example, compounds of the present invention having a free amino, amido, hydroxyl or carboxyl group may be converted to prodrugs. Prodrugs include compounds in which an amino acid residue, or a polypeptide chain of two or more (e.g., 2, 3, or 4) amino acid residues, is covalently linked through an amide or ester bond to a free amino, hydroxyl, or carboxylic acid group of a compound of the invention. The amino acid residues include, but are not limited to, 20 naturally occurring amino acids generally represented by 3 letter symbols and also include 4-hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, demosine, isodemosine, 3-methylhistidine, norvaline (norvaline), β -alanine, γ -aminobutyric acid, citrulline, homocysteine, homoserine, ornithine and methionine sulfone. Additional types of prodrugs are also included. For example, the free carboxyl groups may be derivatized as amides or alkyl esters. Free hydroxyl groups can be derivatized with groups including, but not limited to hemisuccinates (hemisuccinates), phosphates, dimethylaminoacetates, and phosphoryloxymethoxycarbonyls, as outlined in Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 1996, 19, 115. Carbamate prodrugs of hydroxy and amino groups are also included, as are carbonate prodrugs, sulfonate prodrugs, and sulfate prodrugs of hydroxy groups. Also included are derivatives of hydroxyl groups as (acyloxy) methyl and (acyloxy) ethyl esters (where the acyl group may be an alkyl ester, optionally substituted with groups including, but not limited to, ether, amine, and carboxylic acid functionalities, or where the acyl group is an amino acid ester as described above). Prodrugs of this type are described in j.med.chem.1996, 39, 10. The free amines may also be derivatized as amides, sulfonamides or phosphonamides. All of these prodrug moieties may be conjugated to groups including, but not limited to, ether, amine, and carboxylic acid functional groups.

Combinations of substituents and variables contemplated by the present invention are only those combinations that result in the formation of stable compounds. The term "stable", as used herein, refers to a compound that has sufficient integrity to withstand the stability of manufacture and to maintain the compound for a sufficient period of time for purposes described herein (e.g., therapeutic or prophylactic administration to a patient).

Pharmaceutical composition

The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention comprise a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention formulated with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. As used herein, the term "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" means a non-toxic inert solid, semi-solid or liquid filler, diluent, encapsulating material or formulation auxiliary of any type. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be administered to humans and other animals orally, rectally, parenterally, intracisternally, intravaginally, intraperitoneally, topically (as powders, ointments or drops), buccally, or as an oral or nasal spray.

Liquid dosage forms include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, microemulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups and elixirs. In addition to the active compounds, the liquid dosage forms may contain inert diluents commonly used in the art such as, for example, water, alcohols or other solvents, solubilizing agents and emulsifiers such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene glycol, 1, 3-butylene glycol, polysorbate, dimethylformamide, oils (in particular, cottonseed, groundnut, corn, germ, olive, castor and sesame oils), mono-or diglycerides, glycerol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, polyethylene glycols and fatty acid esters of sorbitan, and mixtures thereof. In addition to inert diluents, the oral compositions can also include adjuvants such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, antioxidants, sweetening, flavoring, and perfuming agents. Liquid dosage forms may also be enclosed in gelatin capsules wherein a compound of the invention may be dissolved in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier containing, for example, one or more solubilizing agents (polysorbate 80 and mono-or diglycerides) and other suitable excipients, such as antioxidants, e.g. ascorbyl palmitate, or sweetening or flavoring agents.

Injectable preparations, for example, sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous suspensions may be formulated according to the methods known in the art using suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents. The sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution, suspension or emulsion in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1, 3-butanediol. Among the acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be used are water, Ringer's solution, U.S. p., and isotonic sodium chloride solution. In addition, sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium. For this purpose, any bland fixed oil may be employed including synthetic mono-or diglycerides. In addition, fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the preparation of injectables.

In order to prolong the effect of a drug, it is often desirable to slow the absorption of the drug from subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. This can be achieved by using liquid suspensions of crystalline or amorphous materials with low water solubility. The rate of absorption of a drug may depend on its rate of dissolution, which in turn may depend on the crystallite size and crystalline form. Alternatively, prolonged absorption of the parenteral dosage form can be achieved by dissolving or suspending the drug in an oily vehicle. The instant invention also contemplates immediate release forms.

Compositions for rectal or vaginal administration are preferably suppositories which can be prepared by mixing the compounds of the invention with suitable non-irritating excipients or carriers such as cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol or a suppository wax which are solid at ambient temperature but liquid at body temperature and therefore melt in the rectum or vaginal cavity and release the active compound.

Solid compositions of a similar type may also be employed as fillers in soft and hard-filled capsules using such excipients as lactose or milk sugar (milk sugar) and high molecular weight polyethylene glycols and the like.

The active compound may also be present in micro-encapsulated form together with one or more excipients as described above.

Solid dosage forms of tablets, dragees, capsules, pills and granules can be prepared with coatings and shells such as enteric coatings, control coatings and other coatings well known in the pharmaceutical formulating art. In such solid dosage forms, the active compound may be mixed with at least one inert diluent, such as sucrose, lactose or starch. In normal practice, such dosage forms may also contain other substances other than inert diluents, such as tablet lubricants and other tableting aids such as magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose. In the case of capsules, tablets and pills, the dosage forms may also comprise buffering agents.

Dosage forms for topical or transdermal administration of the compounds of the present invention include ointments, pastes, creams, lotions, gels, powders, solutions, sprays, inhalants or patches. The active compound is mixed under sterile conditions with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and any necessary preservatives or buffers that may be required. Ophthalmic formulations, ear drops, eye ointments, powders, and solutions are also included within the scope of the present invention.

Ointments, pastes, creams and gels may contain, in addition to an active compound of the invention, excipients such as animal and vegetable fats, oils, waxes, paraffins, starch, tragacanth, cellulose derivatives, polyethylene glycols, silicones, bentonites, silicic acid, talc and zinc oxide, or mixtures thereof.

Powders and sprays can contain, in addition to a compound of the present invention, excipients such as lactose, talc, silicic acid, aluminum hydroxide, calcium silicate and polyamide powder, or mixtures of these substances. Sprays can additionally contain conventional propellants such as chlorofluorocarbons.

Transdermal patches have the additional advantage of providing controlled delivery of compounds to the body. Such dosage forms may be prepared by dissolving or dispersing the compound in a suitable medium. Absorption enhancers may also be used to increase the flux of the compound through the skin. The permeation rate can be controlled by providing a rate controlling membrane or by dispersing the compound in a polymer matrix or gel.

According to the treatment methods of the present invention, viral infections in a patient are treated or prevented by administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or prodrug thereof), such amount and duration being necessary to achieve the desired effect. As used herein, the term "therapeutically effective amount" of a compound of the present invention means an amount of the compound sufficient to reduce the viral load in a patient and/or reduce the symptoms of HCV in a patient. As is well understood in the medical arts, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention will apply to any medical treatment at a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.

Antiviral activity

The inhibitory amount or dose of the compounds of the present invention may be in the range of about 0.1mg/Kg to about 500mg/Kg, or about 1 to 50 mg/Kg. The amount or dosage of inhibition will also vary depending on the route of administration, and the possibility of other drugs being co-used.

According to the treatment methods of the present invention, viral infections in a patient, such as a human or a lower animal, are treated or prevented by administering to said patient an anti-hepatitis C effective or inhibiting amount of a compound of the present invention, such amount and duration being necessary to achieve the desired effect. Other methods of the invention are to treat a biological sample with an inhibitory amount of a compound or composition of the invention, such amount and duration being necessary to achieve the desired effect.

As used herein, the term "anti-hepatitis c virus effective amount" of a compound of the present invention means a sufficient amount of the compound to reduce the amount of virus in a biological sample or patient. As is well understood in the medical arts, an anti-hepatitis c virus effective amount of a compound of the present invention will apply to any medical treatment at a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.

The term "inhibitory amount" of a compound of the invention means an amount sufficient to reduce the amount of hepatitis c virus in a biological sample or patient. It is to be understood that the inhibitory amount of the compounds of the present invention, when administered to a patient, will be determined by the clinician to apply to any medical treatment at a reasonable benefit/risk ratio. The term "biological sample", as used herein, refers to a substance of biological origin intended for administration to a patient. Examples of biological samples include, but are not limited to, blood and its components such as plasma, platelets, subpopulations of blood cells, and the like; organs such as kidney, liver, heart, lung, etc.; sperm and eggs; bone marrow and its components; or a stem cell. Thus, another embodiment of the invention is a method of treating a biological sample by contacting the biological sample with an inhibitory amount of a compound or pharmaceutical composition of the invention.

When the patient's condition improves, a maintenance dose of a compound, composition or combination of the present invention can be administered, if necessary. Subsequently, as a function of the symptoms, the dose or frequency of administration, or both, may be reduced to a level that maintains an improved condition, and treatment should be discontinued when the symptoms are alleviated to the desired level. However, intermittent treatment of the patient on a long-term basis may be required when any recurrence of disease symptoms occurs.

It will be understood, however, that the total daily dosage of the compounds and compositions of the present invention will be determined by the attending physician within the scope of sound medical judgment. The specific inhibitory dose for any particular patient will depend upon a variety of factors, including the disease to be treated and the severity of the disease; the activity of the particular compound used; the particular composition used; the age, weight, general health, sex, and eating habits of the patient; the number of administrations, the route of administration, the rate of excretion of the particular compound employed; the course of treatment; drugs used in combination or association with the particular compound employed; and similar factors well known in the medical arts.

The total daily inhibitory dose of the compounds of the invention administered to a patient in a single dose or in divided doses may amount to, for example, 0.01 to 50mg/kg body weight, or more commonly 0.1 to 25mg/kg body weight. Single dose compositions may contain such amounts or submultiples thereof to make up the daily dose. In one embodiment, a treatment regimen according to the invention comprises administering to a patient in need of such treatment from about 10mg to about 1000mg of one or more compounds of the invention in a single dose or in multiple doses per day. In another embodiment, the treatment regimen comprises administering to a patient in need of such treatment from about 25mg to about 6000mg of one or more compounds of the invention, either with or without a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitor such as ritonavir, in a single dose or in multiple doses per day. Suitable daily dosages of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitors such as ritonavir for co-administration may be in the range of (but not limited to) 10-200 mg. Preferably, the compound of the invention, or the combination of the compound of the invention and ritonavir, is administered 1 or twice daily to achieve the desired daily dosage amount. For example, when used without ritonavir, a compound of the invention may be administered to a patient twice a day at a total daily dose of 4000, 4200, 4400, 4600, 4800 or 5000 mg. For another example, when administered in combination with ritonavir, the compounds of the invention may be administered to a patient once or twice a day at a total daily dose of 200, 400, 600 or 800mg, wherein the amount of ritonavir administered per administration may be 25, 50 or 100 mg.

Synthesis method

The compounds and methods of the present invention will be better understood in conjunction with the following synthetic schemes which illustrate the manner in which the compounds of the present invention may be prepared.

The definitions of the variables in the structures of the schemes herein are comparable to those of the corresponding positions in the structural formulae described herein.

Scheme 1

Scheme 1 describes the synthesis of various compounds of the present invention. Macrocyclic compounds in which the starting material is displaced at leaving groups (leaving groups) by reaction with a nucleophile, are displaced by nucleophiles. Basic hydrolysis of the ester to acid is followed by coupling of the sulfonamide derivative. The protected nitrogen is then deprotected and substituted with another group.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing a compound of formula I, the process comprising reacting a compound of formula II:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

j is absent, is optionally substituted alkylene, optionallySubstituted alkenylene, optionally substituted alkynylene, -C (O) -, -O-C (O) -, -N (R)₃)-C(O)-、-C(S)-、-C(＝NR₄)-、-S(O)-、-S(O₂) -or-N (R)₃)-；

g is-E-R₅；

Wherein E is absent, is optionally substituted alkylene, optionally substituted alkenylene, optionally substituted alkynylene, each containing 0, 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; or-O-, -S-, -N (R)₃)-、-N(R₃)S(O_p)-、-N(R₃)-C(O)-、-N(R₃)C(O)S(O_p)-、-OS(O_p)-、-C(O)S(O_p) -or-C (O) N (R)₃)S(O_p)-；

P is 0, 1 or 2;

each R₃And R₄Independently at each occurrence, is selected from the group consisting of: optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl or optionally substituted alkynyl, each containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; optionally substituted aryl; optionally substituted heteroaryl; an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; optionally substituted carbocyclyl; or hydrogen;

j is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;

k is 0, 1, 2 or 3;

m is 0, 1 or 2;

n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

represents a carbon-carbon single or double bond, and

LG is a leaving group;

a step of reacting with a compound of formula III:

wherein:

each R₁Is independently selected from

(ii) Optionally substituted aryl;

(iii) optionally substituted heteroaryl;

(iv) an optionally substituted heterocyclic group;

(v) optionally substituted carbocyclyl; or

y is N or C (R');

With the further proviso that the compound is not tert-butyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamate;

a, R therein₁R ', and/or R' may be joined together to form a ring;

thereby obtaining the compound of formula I or I'.

Compounds of formula I can also be prepared according to the procedures described in scheme 2, wherein A, J, L, G, Y, R', R₁、R₃N, m, j and k are as defined above, andis composed ofAnd wherein Q is halogen or a leaving group, PG and PG_NEach independently an amino protecting group, and PG_CFor carboxylic acid protecting groups, compounds (b) may be prepared by reactingWith halogenating agents, e.g. POCl₃And reacting to prepare the compound. Non-limiting examples of amino protecting groups include C₁-C₆Alkoxycarbonyl (such as tert-butoxycarbonyl or Boc), carboxybenzyl, p-methoxybenzylcarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl, benzyl, p-methoxybenzyl, 3, 4-dimethoxybenzyl, p-methoxyphenyl, benzoyl, or tosyl or other suitable sulfonamide. Non-limiting examples of carboxylic acid protecting groups include C₁-C₆Alkyl (such as t-butyl, methyl or ethyl), benzyl or silyl, all of which protect the carboxylic acid moiety in the ester form.

Scheme 2

In step 1, compound (a) is reacted with compound (b) to form compound (c), wherein the reaction may be carried out in the presence of sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, as non-limiting examples. Preferably, the reaction is carried out in the absence of lanthanum chloride. It is also preferred that the yield of the reaction is at least 50%. More preferably, the yield of the reaction is at least 60%, 70% or 80%. Highly preferably, the yield of the reaction is at least 90% or 95%. Preferred PG is C₁-C₆Alkoxycarbonyl such as tert-butoxycarbonyl or Boc.

Then theCompound (c) is reacted with compound (d) or a salt thereof, such as a TsOH salt, to form compound (e) (step 2), followed by deprotection of the amino group to form compound (f) or a salt thereof (e.g., an HCl salt) (step 3). Preferred PG_CIncluding, but not limited to C₁-C₆Alkyl groups such as ethyl. Compound (f) is then reacted with compound (g) to form compound (h) (step 4), which is subsequently amino-protected to form compound (i) (step 5), and then subjected to ring-closing metathesis (metathesis) to form mixture (j) (step 6). Preferred PG_NIncluding, but not limited to C₁-C₆Alkoxycarbonyl such as tert-butoxycarbonyl or Boc. General methods for Ring Closing Metathesis (RCM) are well known in the art. Preferred processes involve the use of transition metal catalysts, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,921,753 and U.S. patent application publication No. 20070043180. Non-limiting examples of suitable catalysts include Zhan catalyst-1B (Wherein Mes is 2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl; also known as Zhan-B) and Zhan catalyst-1C (Where Cy is cyclohexyl), both of which are commercially available from Zannan Pharma, Ltd. (shanghai, china). Deprotection of the amino moiety in compound (j) affords compound (k) (or its free base) (step 7). In some cases, compound (h) can be directly subjected to a ring-closing metathesis reaction to prepare compound (k) (or its free base) without the need for an amino-protection and deprotection step.

The carboxylic acid moiety in compound (k) may then be deprotected to form compound (l) (step 8), and reacted with compound (m) to form compound (n) (step 9). G in the compound (m) is defined as-E-R₅Wherein E and R₅As defined above.

The compounds of formula I' as defined above may be prepared analogously according to scheme 2.

The compounds described herein contain one or moreMultiple asymmetric centers, thus giving rise to enantiomers, diastereomers and other stereoisomeric forms, which may be defined as (R) -or (S) -or (D) -or (L) -for amino acids, depending on the absolute stereochemistry. The present invention is intended to include all such possible isomers, as well as racemic and optically pure forms thereof. Optical isomers can be prepared from their respective optically active precursors by the methods described above, or by resolution of racemic mixtures. Resolution may be carried out in the presence of a resolving agent, by chromatography or by repeated crystallization or by some combination of these techniques known to those skilled in the art. Further details regarding the resolution can be found in Jacques, et al,Enantiomers，Racemates，and Resolutions(enantiomers, racemates, and resolution) (John Wiley)&Sons, 1981). When the compounds described herein contain olefinic double bonds, or other centers of geometric asymmetry, unless otherwise indicated, the compounds are intended to include both E and Z geometric isomers. Likewise, all tautomeric forms are intended to be included. The configuration of any carbon-carbon double bond present herein is chosen for convenience, but no specific configuration is intended to be specified unless so described herein; thus, any carbon-carbon double bond described herein as trans (trans) may be cis (cis), trans (trans), or a mixture of the two in any proportion.

The synthesized compound may be isolated from the reaction mixture and further purified by a method such as column chromatography, high pressure liquid chromatography, or recrystallization. As can be appreciated by the skilled artisan, other methods of synthesizing the compounds of the formulae herein will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, the various synthetic steps may be performed in varying order or sequence to provide the desired compounds. In addition, the solvents, temperatures, reaction times, and the like, described herein are for illustrative purposes only, and one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that a variety of reaction conditions can produce the desired bridged macrocyclic products of the present invention. Synthetic chemical transformations and protecting group methodologies (protection and deprotection) for synthesizing the compounds described herein are known in the art and include, for example, those described in r.larock,Comprehensive Organic TransformationsVCH Publishers (1989); T.W, Greene and p.g.m.wuts, organic synthetic protecting groups, 2 nd edition, john wiley&Sons, New York (1991); l.fieser and m.fieser,Fieser and Fieser’s Reagents for Organic Synthesis，John Wiley&Sons(1994)；and L.Paquette，ed.，Encyclopedia ofReagentsforOrganicSynthesis(reagents for organic Synthesis), John Wiley&Sons (1995); and those described in later versions thereof.

The compounds of the present invention may be modified by any of the synthetic means described herein, with the addition of various functional groups, to enhance selective biological properties. Such modifications are known in the art and include those that increase bio-penetration into a given biological system (e.g., blood, lymphatic system, central nervous system), increase oral availability, increase solubility for administration by injection, alter metabolism, and alter rate of excretion.

In any definition of a variable herein, a description of a list of chemical groups includes the definition of the variable as any single group or combination of groups listed. The description of embodiments with respect to variables herein includes embodiments as any single embodiment or in combination with any other embodiments or portions thereof.

Examples

The compounds and methods of the present invention will be better understood by reference to the following examples, which are intended as illustrations only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The following examples can be prepared according to scheme 1 or scheme 2 as described above. Respective changes and modifications to the disclosed embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and such changes and modifications (including, but not limited to, those relating to the chemical structures, substituents, derivatives, formulations and/or methods of the present invention) may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

EXAMPLE 1 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester

EXAMPLE 1a Ethyl (2S, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (4-bromophenylsulfonyloxy) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylate

A solution of ethyl 2S, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -2-hydroxy-5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxylate and DABCO in toluene was stirred at room temperature. To this solution was added a toluene solution of 4-bromobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride. After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was quenched with 10% aqueous sodium carbonate and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes. Tetrahydrofuran was added and the mixture was washed sequentially with 0.5M HCl, water, then saturated aqueous sodium chloride. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound.

Example 1b.

2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -2- (3-chloroquinoxalin-2-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (1b)

To a solution of compound 1a (15.0g, 21.0mmol) in NMP (55ml) was added 3-chloroquinoxalin-2-ol (4.56g, 25.3mmol) followed by addition of Cs₂CO₃(17.1g, 52.6 mmol). The resulting mixture was heated to 70 ℃ for 18 hours. Allowing the reaction to proceedThe mixture was cooled to room temperature and then partitioned between ethyl acetate (300ml) and 1N HCl (100 ml). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (100ml), dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the crude product as a solid. The solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc-hexanes gradient) to give the title compound as a solid (6.2g, 45% yield); ms (esi): 656.3[ M + H ] M/z]。

Example 1c.

2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (3-phenylquinoxalin-2-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (1c)

To a microwave vessel, the product from 1b (700mg, 1.07mmole), 2- (tert-butylstannyl) benzo [ d ] was added]Thiazole (905mg, 2.13mmole), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (113mg,. 11mmole) and dioxane (5 ml). The vessel was evacuated and nitrogen introduced and the process was repeated twice. The mixture was allowed to react in a microwave reactor at 110 ℃ for 1 hour. The reaction was diluted with MeCN and washed 3 times with hexane. Evaporating the MeCN layer and subjecting to silica gel column chromatography (CHCl)₃EtOAc gradient) to give the title compound (692mg, 86% yield); ms (esi): m/z 755.2[ M + H ]]。

Example 1d.

(2R, 6S, 13aR, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecine-14 a-carboxylic acid (1d)

To a solution of the product of example 1c (692mg, 0.95mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (5 ml)/ethanol (2.5 ml)/water (2.5ml) was added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (154mg, 3.7 mmol). The resulting mixture was heated to 50 ℃ for 1 hour and then cooled to room temperature. Most of the organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure, EtOAc (100ml.) was added, followed by washing with 1n hcl (30 ml). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (20ml), dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give 666mg of product 1d.

Example 1f.

To a solution of the product from example 1d (666mg, 0.92mmol) in 1, 2-dichloroethane (9ml) was added 1, 1' -carbonyldiimidazole (246mg, 1.52 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 40 ℃ for 2 hours. Cyclopropanesulfonamide (184mg, 1.52mmol) was then added to the above solution followed by DBU (0.23ml, 1.52 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 40 ℃ for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (100ml) and washed with 1N HCl (20ml) and then saturated sodium chloride (20 ml). The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was chromatographed on a silica gel column (CHCl)₃EtOAc gradient) to give the title compound (322mg, 38% yield); ms (esi): 830.0[ M + H ] M/z]。

Example 1 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀₀A value; EC of < 1nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 20-50nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a And EC of 25-50nM in a transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 1 also shows a stability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 2 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (isonicotinamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 2a.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6-amino-2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

To a suspension of the product of example 1 (320mg, 0.39mmol) in EtOAc (3mL) was added 4M HCl in dioxane (1.9mL, 7.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the resulting solid was dried under vacuum to give (2R, 6S, 13aR, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6-amino-2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxamide, hydrochloric acid (295mg, quantitative yield).

Example 2b.

To a solution of example 2a (28mg, 0.037mmol) in dichloromethane (0.5mL) was added isonicotinic acid (5.0mg, 0.040mmol), HATU (16.7mg, 0.044mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (0.021mL, 0.12 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 2 hours and evaporated. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 835.0[ M + H ].

Example 2 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; 2.5-5.0nM EC in 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 5-10nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀₀The value is obtained.

EXAMPLE 3 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (2-fluorobenzamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 3 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 2, substituting 2-fluorobenzoic acid for isonicotinic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 851.9[ M + H ].

Example 3 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a And an EC of 250-1000nM in a transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 29 also shows a stability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

Example 4N- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide

Example 4 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 2, substituting 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid for isonicotinic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 838.9[ M + H ].

Example 4 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 3-20nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a EC < 25nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀And EC of 1-10nM in a transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 4 also shows a stability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 5 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 5 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 2, substituting 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid for isonicotinic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 849.9[ M + H ].

Example 5 provides an IC of 2.5-5.0nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; 2.5-5.0nM EC in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a And an EC of 250-1000nM in a transient replicon assay using the D168v mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 5 also shows stabilization when Human Liver Microsomes (HLM) are usedStability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested by sex determination.

Example 6N- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-yl) isoxazole-5-carboxamide

Example 6 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 2, substituting isoxazole-5-carboxylic acid for isonicotinic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 824.9[ M + H ].

Example 6 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; 2.5-5.0nM EC in 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a And EC of 50-250nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 6 also shows a stability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

Example 7N- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-yl) thiazole-4-carboxamide

Example 7 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 2, substituting thiazole-4-carboxylic acid for isonicotinic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 840.9[ M + H ].

Example 7 provides an IC in the presence of 5% FBS of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a And EC of 50-250nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 7 also shows that the stability when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay is 100-150 ul/min/mg.

EXAMPLE 8 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 8 was prepared according to the procedure used for the preparation of example 2, substituting 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid for isonicotinic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 838.0[ M + H ].

Example 8 provides an IC of 50-100nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; 2.5-5.0nM EC in 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a And an EC of 250-1000nM in a transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Practice ofExample 8 also shows stability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 9 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-6- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 9 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 2, substituting pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid for isonicotinic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 835.9[ M + H ].

Example 9 provides an EC of 5-10nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained. Example 9 also shows a stability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 10 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1, 3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 10 was prepared according to the procedure used for the preparation of example 2, substituting 1, 3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid for isonicotinic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 852.0[ M + H ].

EXAMPLE 11 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (3-fluorobenzamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 11 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 2, substituting 3-fluorobenzoyl chloride for isonicotinic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 838.0[ M + H ].

Example 11 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀50-250nM EC in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀And an EC of 25-50nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 11 also shows 150-200ul/min/mg stability when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 12 tert-butyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamate

Example 12a. (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -2-hydroxy-5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester

To a solution of (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (9H-fluoren-9-ylideneaminooxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-ylcarboxamide (20.0g, 26.8mmol) in acetic acid (80ml) was added zinc powder (10.52g, 166mmol) with stirring at 40 ℃. After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was stirred at 40 ℃ for 1 hour. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, diluted with toluene, and filtered through celite. The mother liquor was washed with water, 1N HCl and saturated sodium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was then evaporated under reduced pressure to give the title compound 12a (14.8g, 97% yield).

EXAMPLE 12b (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3-chloroquinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester

A solution of compound 12a (10.0g, 17.6mmol), cesium carbonate (17.2, 52.8mmol) and 2, 3-dichloroquinoxaline (3.50g, 17.6mmol) in dimethylformamide (175ml) was heated to 70 ℃ for 18 hours. An additional portion of 2, 3-dichloroquinoxaline (0.70g, 3.5mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 70 ℃ for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and then partitioned between ethyl acetate (300ml) and 1N HCl (100 ml). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (100ml), dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the crude product as a solid. The solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc-hexanes gradient) to give the title compound as a solid (4.7g, 37% yield); ms (esi): and M/z is 731.1[ M + H ].

Example 12c.

To a microwave vessel were added the product from 12b (0.40g, 0.547mmole), benzofuran-2-yl tributylstannane (0.245g, 0.602mmole), tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0) (50mg, 0.055mmol), 1, 3, 5, 7-tetramethyl-2, 4, 8-trioxa-6-phenyl-6-phospha-adamantane (32mg, 0.11mmol), sodium bicarbonate (46mg, 0.547mmol), and dioxane (3 ml). The vessel was evacuated and nitrogen introduced. The mixture was allowed to react in a microwave reactor at 110 ℃ for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with 1N HCl, followed by saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The mixture was filtered through celite and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in acetonitrile and washed with hexane (5 times), then evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was chromatographed on a silica gel column (CHCl)₃EtOAc gradient) to give the title compound (386mg, 87% yield); ms (esi): 813.0[ M + H ] M/z]。

Example 12 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 20-50nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a EC < 25nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀And EC of 1-10nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 12 also shows 150- "200 ul/min/mg stability when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

Example 13N- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide

EXAMPLE 13a (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6-amino-2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide hydrochloride

The product of example 12 (0.386g, 0.475mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of ethyl acetate (2.4mL) and 4N HCl in dioxane (2.4mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The mixture was then evaporated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (0.338mg, 100% yield).

Example 13b.

A mixture of the product from example 13a (30mg, 0.040mmol), 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid (5.1g, 0.040mmol), N-ethyl-N-isopropylpropan-2-amine (15.6mg, 0.12mmol) and HATU (18.3mg, 0.048mmol) in dichloromethane (0.5ml) was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. And then evaporated. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to give the title compound (14mg, 42% yield). Ms (esi): and M/z is 822.0[ M + H ].

Example 13 provides an IC of < 10nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of < 1nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 1nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a Transient Using the D168E mutation in the context of 1a-H77EC < 3nM in replicon assay₅₀(ii) a EC < 25nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀And EC of 1-10nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀。

EXAMPLE 14 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 14 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 13 substituting 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid for 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 833.0[ M + H ].

Example 14 provides an IC of 50-100nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained. Example 14 also shows a stability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 15 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 15 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 13 substituting 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid for 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 821.1[ M + H ].

Example 15 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 3-20nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀And an EC of 25-50nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 15 also shows a stability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 16 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 16 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 13 substituting 1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid for 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 835.0[ M + H ].

Example 16 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; in thatEC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 3-20nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀And EC of 10-25nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 16 also shows 150-200ul/min/mg stability when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 17 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-6- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 17 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 13 substituting pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid for 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 818.9[ M + H ].

Example 17 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; and an EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained.

EXAMPLE 18 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester

Example 18 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 12, substituting benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl tributylstannane for benzofuran-2-yl tributylstannane. The crude material was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with hexane/ethyl acetate (1: 2) to give the title compound. Ms (esi): m/z 829.1[ M + H ].

Example 18 provides an IC of 50-100nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 5-10nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; and an EC of 2.5-5.0nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained.

Example 19N- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide

Example 19a.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6-amino-2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide hydrochloride

The product of example 18 (0.296g, 0.357mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of ethyl acetate (1.7mL) and 4N HCl in dioxane (1.7mL) and stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The mixture was then evaporated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (0.262mg, 96% yield).

Example 19b.

A mixture of the product from example 19a (30mg, 0.039mmol), 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid (5.0mg, 0.039mmol), N-ethyl-N-isopropylpropan-2-amine (15.2mg, 0.118mmol) and HATU (17.9mg, 0.047mmol) in dichloromethane (0.5ml) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. And then evaporated. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to give the title compound (18mg, 53% yield). Ms (esi): and M/z is 837.9[ M + H ].

Example 19 provides an IC of < 10nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 3-20nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a EC of 50-250nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀And EC of 10-25nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀。

EXAMPLE 20 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 20 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 19 substituting 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid for 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 848.7[ M + H ].

Example 20 provides an IC of 50-100nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 5-10nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; 2.5-5.0nM EC in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 250-1000nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀And an EC of 25-50nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀。

EXAMPLE 21 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 21 was prepared according to the procedure used for the preparation of example 19 substituting 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid for 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 836.9[ M + H ].

Example 21 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 3-20nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a EC of 250-1000nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀And an EC of 25-50nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 21 also shows the stability of 100-150ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 22 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 22 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 19 substituting 1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid for 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 851.0[ M + H ].

Example 22 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 20-50nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a EC of 50-250nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀And E in the context of 1a-H77, 25-50nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutationC₅₀. Example 22 also shows 150 and 200ul/min/mg stability when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 23 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-6- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 23 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 19 substituting pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid for 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 835.1[ M + H ].

Example 23 provides an IC of 50-100nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 5-10nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained. Example 23 also shows the stability of 100-150ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 24 tert-butyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamate

Example 24a.

Ethyl (2S, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (4-bromophenylsulfonyloxy) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylate

A solution of ethyl (2S, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -2-hydroxy-5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxylate (22.1g, 44.8mmol) and DABCO (8.5g, 76.7mmol) in toluene (88ml) was stirred at room temperature. To the solution was added a solution of 4-bromobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (17.2g, 67.2mmol) in toluene (44 ml). After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was quenched with 10% aqueous sodium carbonate (110mL) and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes. Tetrahydrofuran was added and the mixture was washed sequentially with 0.5M HCl, water, then saturated aqueous sodium chloride. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (27.7g, 87% yield), which was used without further purification.

Example 24b.

2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylic acid ethyl ester

To a solution of compound 24a (11.0g, 15.4mmol) in NMP (100ml) was added phenanthridin-6 (5H) -one (3.15g, 16.2mmol), followed by Cs₂CO₃(7.53g, 23.1 mmol). The resulting mixture was heated to 55 ℃ for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and then partitioned between ethyl acetate (250ml) and 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (200 ml). The organic layer was separated, washed successively with 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate (200ml) and brine (150ml), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the crude product as a solid. The solid was then dissolved in methyl tert-butyl ether (200ml), the resulting suspension was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and filtered. The filtrate containing the desired product was concentrated under reduced pressure to give 7.95g of product 24b as a solid; MS-DCI/NH₃：m/z＝671(M+H)⁺。

Example 24c.

2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylic acid (24c)

To a solution of the product from example 24b (7.8g, 11.6mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (40 ml)/ethanol (40ml) was added aqueous lithium hydroxide (0.84g lithium hydroxide in 40ml H₂In O). The resulting mixture was heated to 50 ℃ for 2 hours and then cooled to room temperature. Most of the organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was acidified with 10% aqueous citric acid solution and acidified with ethyl acetate (200 ml). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine (200ml), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a pale yellow solid which was further dried in a vacuum oven at 45 ℃ for 18 hours to give 7.5g of product 24c as a pale yellow solid; MS-DCI/NH₃：643(M+H)⁺。

Example 24d.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester

To a solution of the product from example 24c (7.46g, 11.6mmol) in DMF (80ml) was added 1, 1' -carbonyldiimidazole (5.64g, 34.8 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. Cyclopropanesulfonamide (4.21g, 34.8mmol) was then added to the above solution followed by DBU (5.73ml, 36.0 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 14 hours. EtOAc (200ml), 10% aqueous citric acid solution (200ml) and saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (50ml) were added to the reaction mixture. The organic layer was separated, washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride (100ml), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate/heptane gradient) to give the title compound as a white solid (6.40g, 74% yield); ms (esi): and M/z is 746.1[ M + H ].

Example 24 provides an IC of < 10nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 3nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀(ii) a And EC of 50-250nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀。

Example 25 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -6- (pyrazine-2-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 25a

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6-amino-N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide hydrochloride

To a suspension of the product of example 24 (0.35g, 0.47mmol) in acetonitrile (5ml) was added 4M HCl dioxane (0.6ml, 2.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the resulting solid was dried under vacuum to give the title compound (0.32g, quantitative yield).

Example 25b.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -6- (pyrazine-2-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

To a solution of the product from example 25a (320mg, 0.47mmol) in dimethylformamide (5ml) was added pyrazinecarboxylic acid (0.065g, 0.52mmol), HATU (214mg, 0.56mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (0.2mg, 1.18 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 2 hours and then partitioned between 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The residue was purified by crystallization from ethyl acetate/hexanes to give the desired product as an off-white solid (155mg, 44%). Ms (esi): and M/z is 752.0[ M + H ].

Example 25 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained. Example 25 also shows 150-200ul/min/mg stability when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 26 cyclopentyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamate

Example 26a

Ethyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (cyclopentyloxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylate

According to the method for preparing example 24b, the compound (2S, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (4-bromophenylsulfonyloxy) -6- (cyclopentyloxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] is used]Pyrrolo [1, 2-a][1，4]Example 26a was prepared by substituting ethyl diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylate for the compound of example 24a to give the title compound. MS (DCI/NH)₃)：m/z＝683.0[M+H]。

Example 26b

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (cyclopentyloxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylic acid

Example 26b was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 24c, substituting compound 26a for compound 24b to give the title compound. MS (DCI/NH)₃)：m/z＝655.0[M+H]。

Example 26c

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid cyclopentyl ester

The title compound of example 26 was prepared according to the procedure used for the preparation of example 24 substituting compound 26b for compound 24c to afford the title compound. MS (DCI/NH)₃)：m/z＝758.0[M+H]。

Example 26 provides an IC of < 10nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; in the presence of 5% FBS, the 1a-H77 replicon assayEC of 0.5-2.5nM in medium₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a And EC < 3nM in transient replicon assay using the D168E mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀。

EXAMPLE 27 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 27 was prepared according to the procedure used for the preparation of example 25 substituting 5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid for 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 754.2[ M + H ].

Example 27 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; 2.5-5.0nM EC in 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 3-20nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a And an EC of 250-1000nM in a transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 27 also shows when using human liverStability of 100-150ul/min/mg when tested in the microsomal (HLM) stability assay.

Example 28N- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-pentadecan-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide

Example 28 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 25 substituting 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid for 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): m/z 755.1[ M + H ].

Example 28 provides an IC of < 10nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 1nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 3nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀(ii) a EC of 50-250nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀And EC of 1-10nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 28 also shows the use of Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay when tested 200 and 300ul/min/mg stability.

Example 29 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 29 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 25 substituting 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid for 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 766.1[ M + H ].

Example 29 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 20-50nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a EC of 50-250nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀And EC of 1-10nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 29 also shows a stability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

Example 30N- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-yl) thiazole-5-carboxamide

Example 30 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 25, substituting thiazole-5-carboxylic acid for 2-pyrazine carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 757.1[ M + H ].

Example 30 provides an IC of < 10nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 1nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 1nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1b-N₅₀(ii) a EC of < 3nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 30 also shows the stability of 200-300ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 31 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (2-fluorobenzamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 31 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 25 substituting 2-fluorobenzoic acid for 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 768.1[ M + H ].

Example 31 provides an IC of < 10nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 1nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a In the context of a 1b-N background,EC < 3nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation₅₀(ii) a EC of < 3nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 31 also shows 150-200ul/min/mg stability when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 32 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -6- (pyridazine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 32 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 25, substituting pyridazine-4-carboxylic acid for 2-pyrazine carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 752.1[ M + H ].

Example 32 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 5-10nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 5-10nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained. Example 32 also shows the stability of 100-150ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 33 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -6- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 33 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 25, substituting pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid for 2-pyrazine carboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 752.1[ M + H ].

Example 33 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation against a 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 1nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 3-20nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀. Example 33 also shows 200- & lt 300 & gt ul/min/mg stability when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 34 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 34 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 25 substituting 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid for 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 754.2[ M + H ].

Example 34 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 1nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a Transient replicon assays using the R155K mutation in a 1b-N background1-10nM EC in₅₀(ii) a EC of < 3nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀(ii) a And EC of 50-250nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 34 also shows the stability of 100-150ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 35 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 35 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 25 substituting 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid for 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 732.2[ M + H ].

Example 35 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀The value is obtained. Example 35 also shows the stability of 100-150ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 36 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 36 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 25 substituting 1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid for 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid. The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with acetonitrile/water/TFA to afford the title compound. Ms (esi): and M/z is 768.1[ M + H ].

Example 36 provides its use against recombinant HC derived from HCV genotype 3aIC of 25-50nM for V NS3 protease inhibitory Activity₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 25-50nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 3nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀(ii) a EC of 50-250nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀. Example 36 also shows stability of less than 100ul/min/mg when tested using the Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay.

EXAMPLE 37 cyclopentyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -2- (2-fluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecan-6-ylcarbamate

Example 37a.

5 '-fluoro-2' -nitrobiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid esters

To a microwave vessel was added 2- (methoxycarbonyl) phenylboronic acid (63.4mg, 0.352mmol), 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-nitrobenzene (77mg, 0.35mmol), diacetoxypalladium (0.93mg, 4.1. mu. mol) and dicyclohexyl (2 ', 6' -dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl) phosphine (3.47mg, 8.45. mu. mol). Ethanol (1760. mu.l) and sodium carbonate (176. mu.l, 0.352mmol) were added and the mixture was allowed to react in a microwave reactor at 100 ℃ for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by preparative thin layer chromatography (eluent: 9: 1 hexane/ethyl acetate) to give methyl 5 '-fluoro-2' -nitrobiphenyl-2-carboxylate (37a, 54.8mg, 0.199mmol, 56.6% yield).

Example 37b.

2-fluoro-5-hydroxy-phenanthridin-6 (5H) -one

To a solution of the product of example 37a (methyl 5 '-fluoro-2' -nitrobiphenyl-2-carboxylate, 56.79mg, 0.206mmol) in methanol (9ml) was added 10% palladium on carbon (15.6mg, 0.015 mmol). A hydrogen balloon was mounted on the flask and degassed 3 times with hydrogen. The reaction mixture was stirred, diluted with dimethylformamide and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give 2-fluoro-5-hydroxyphenanthridin-6 (5H) -one (37b, 46.36mg, 0.202mmol, 98% yield).

Example 37c.

2-Fluorophenanthridin-6 (5H) -one

A mixture of the product from example 37b (2-fluoro-5-hydroxyphenanthr-6 (5H) -one, 46.4mg, 0.202mmol), acetic acid (3ml) and zinc (99mg, 1.517mmol) was heated at 130 ℃ under reflux for 1 hour. The mixture was diluted with dimethylformamide and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give a brown solid (100 mg). The solid was partitioned between dichloromethane/dimethylformamide (2/1, 50ml) and sodium carbonate (10 ml). The organic layer was washed with water (2X 10ml) and concentrated to give 2-fluorophenanthridin-6 (5H) -one (37c, 38.2mg, 88% yield).

Example 37d.

Ethyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (cyclopentyloxycarbonylamino) -2- (2-fluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylate

Example 37d was prepared according to the procedure used for the preparation of example 37b, using (2S, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (4-bromophenylsulfonyloxy) -6- (cyclopentyloxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylic acid ethyl ester instead of 1a and 2-fluorophenanthridin-6 (5H) -one (80c) instead of phenanthridin-6 (5H) -one to give the title compound in 48% yield.

Example 37e.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (cyclopentyloxycarbonylamino) -2- (2-fluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylic acid

Example 37e was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 67c, substituting the product of example 37d for the product of example 24b.

Example 37f.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -2- (2-fluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid cyclopentyl ester

The compound of example 37 (14.6mg, 78% yield) was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 24 substituting the product of example 37e for the product of example 24c. Ms (esi): and M/z is 776.1[ M + H ].

Example 37 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained.

EXAMPLE 38 tert-butyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -2- (2, 9-difluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-ylcarbamate

Example 38a.

5, 5 '-difluoro-2' -nitrobiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester

To 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-nitrobenzene (185.16mg, 0.842mmol) was added Pd₂dba₃(23.12mg, 0.025mmol) and copper powder (271mg, 4.26 mmol). Dimethyl sulfoxide (2.3ml) and methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (0.122ml, 0.842mmol) were added and the mixture was stirred vigorously at 100 ℃ for 2 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate (20ml) and filtered. The filtrate was washed with water, dried (anhydrous sodium sulfate) and concentrated to give a yellow oil (279.8 mg). This oil was used without purification to prepare example 38b.

Example 38b.

2, 9-difluoro-5-hydroxy-phenanthridin-6 (5H) -one

To the product of example 38a (279.8mg) were added methanol (7.5ml) and 10% palladium on carbon (76mg, 0.071 mmol). A hydrogen balloon was mounted on the flask and the mixture was degassed and backfilled 3 times with hydrogen. The reaction mixture was stirred under hydrogen for 16 hours, diluted with dimethylformamide and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give a red solid. This material was triturated with dichloromethane/hexanes (9/1) and filtered to give the title compound (example 38b, 43.15mg, 0.175mmol, quantitative yield).

Example 38c.

2, 9-Difluorophenanthidin-6 (5H) -ones

Example 38c was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 37c, substituting the product of example 38b for the product of example 80 b.

Example 38d.

Ethyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -2- (2, 9-difluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylate

Example 38d was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 24c, substituting the product of example 38c for phenanthridin-6 (5H) -one.

Example 38e.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -2- (2, 9-difluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylic acid

Example 38e was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 24c, substituting the product of example 38d for the product of example 24b.

Example 38f.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -2- (2, 9-difluorophenanthridin-6-yloxy) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester

Example 38 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 24, substituting the product of example 38e for the product of example 24c. Ms (esi): and M/z is 782.1[ M + H ].

Example 38 provides an IC of 25-50nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; 2.5-5.0nM EC in 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained. Example 38 also shows the use of Human Liver Microsome (HLM) stability assay when tested 200 and 300ul/min/mg stability.

Example 39 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) octadecahydrocyclopropano [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester

Argon degassed ethanol (0.8ml) was added to the product of example 24 (79.1mg, 0.106mmol) and Crabtree's catalyst (3.45mg, 4.24 μmol) (4 mole%) in a 4ml pressure bottle. The vessel was purged 3 times with argon and then pressurized with hydrogen (50 psi). The mixture was heated to 50 ℃ under hydrogen and stirred at 50 ℃ for 4.5 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by reverse phase chromatography eluting with a gradient of acetonitrile (1% TFA)/water to give the title compound as a white solid (70.41mg, 0.094mmol, 89% yield). Ms (esi): and M/z is 748.2[ M + H ].

Example 39 provides an IC of < 10nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 10-25nM in transient replicon assay using the D168V mutation in the 1b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of 1-10nM in transient replicon assay using A156T mutation against A1 b-N background₅₀(ii) a EC of < 1nM in transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1b-N₅₀(ii) a EC of 3-20nM in transient replicon assay using D168E mutation in the 1a-H77 background₅₀(ii) a EC of 50-250nM in transient replicon assay using D168V mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀And EC of 1-10nM in a transient replicon assay using the R155K mutation in the context of 1a-H77₅₀。

EXAMPLE 40 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) octadecahydrocyclopropano [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamic acid cyclopentyl ester

Example 40 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 39 substituting the product of example 26 for the product of example 24. Ms (esi): and M/z is 760.2[ M + H ].

Example 40 provides an IC of < 10nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC < 0.5nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained.

EXAMPLE 41 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -14a- (thien-2-ylsulfonylcarbamoyl) octadecahydrocyclopropano [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester

Example 41 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 24, substituting thiophene-2-sulfonamide for cyclopropanesulfonamide. Ms (esi): and M/z is 788.0[ M + H ].

Example 41 provides an IC of 10-25nM for its inhibitory activity against recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from HCV genotype 3a₅₀A value; EC of 5-10nM in the 1a-H77 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀A value; EC of 0.5-2.5nM in the 1b-Con1 replicon assay in the presence of 5% FBS₅₀The value is obtained.

EXAMPLE 42 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (2-methylpyridine-5-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 42a.

(S) -2- (2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxamido) non-8-enoic acid.

Boc-2(S) -amino-non-8-enoic acid dicyclohexylamine salt was suspended in isopropyl acetate, washed several times with aqueous citric acid solution and then 1 time with water. The washed product, concentrated and then re-diluted with isopropyl acetate, can be reacted with HCl to give the 2(S) -amino-non-8-enoic acid HCl salt. 2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid, N' -disuccinimidyl (disuccinimidyl) carbonate and N, N-dimethylaminopyridine were dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and stirred. Subsequent addition of 2(S) -amino-non-8-enoic acid HCl salt, followed by triethylamine, and stirring provided the title compound of example 42a, which crystallized from the addition of HCl followed by water.

Example 42b.

Ethyl (1R, 2S) -1- ((2S, 4R) -N- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -1- ((S) -2- (2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxamido) non-8-enoyl-4- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido) -2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate

(2S, 4R) -N-Boc-4-hydroxyproline can be reacted with 2-chloro-3- (thien-2-yl) quinoxaline in the presence of sodium tert-butoxide in NMP to give (2S, 4R) -1- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -4- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid then methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and water can be added the aqueous layer separated, washed, then HCl added, then extracted with MTBE the extracted product can be mixed with Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) and HATU (CAS #148893-10-1) and then reacted with ethyl (1R, 2S) -1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate tosylate in Dimethylformamide (DMF) and toluene 2S, 4R) -2- ((1R, 2S) -1- (ethoxycarbonyl) -2- (2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxamido) non-8-enoyl-4- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-vinylcyclopropylcarbamoyl) -4- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester, which can be extracted with MTBE and washed with HCl, further extracted, washed, dried and dissolved in 2-propanol.

HCl can be added to the 2-propanol solution to give ethyl (1R, 2S) -1- ((2S, 4R) -4- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido) -2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate, which can be crystallized by neutralization with NaOH.

Ethyl (1R, 2S) -1- ((2S, 4R) -4- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido) -2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate, the title compound of example 42a, N-hydroxy-5-norbornene-2, 3-dicarboxamide and N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -N' -ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride can be mixed and stirred in DMF for a number of hours, followed by addition of N, N-dimethylethylenediamine. This reaction yielded ethyl (1R, 2S) -1- ((2S, 4R) -1- ((S) -2- (2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxamido) non-8-enoyl) -4- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido) -2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate, which was soluble in isopropyl acetate and extracted with aqueous phosphoric acid, followed by extraction with aqueous dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. The product was reacted with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate in the presence of dimethylaminopyridine followed by extraction with a mixture of citric acid solution and sodium chloride solution to give the title compound of example 42b.

Example 42c.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxylic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride

The product of example 42B was subjected to ring closure metathesis in toluene in the presence of a Zhan-B catalyst to give (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 16, 16 a-tetradecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a, 15(1H) -dicarboxylic acid 15-tert-butyl ester 14a ethyl ester. After the reaction, the catalyst can be quenched with imidazole.

Ring closure product in toluene the solvent can be converted to acetonitrile followed by addition of hydrogen chloride in dioxane and heating to afford the title compound of example 42c.

Example 42d.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (2-methylpyridine-5-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

The isolated product of example 42c was separated from tetrahydrofuran, water and LiOH H₂O was mixed, then heated and stirred. Subsequently, the reaction mixture was cooled, an aqueous phosphoric acid solution, an aqueous NaCl solution and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran were added, and the organic layer was separated, washed and filtered. MeCN was added to the concentrated organic layer, heated and cooled, then diethylamine was added. Heating the slurry and cooling to form (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (3- (benzo [ d ] carbonyl]Thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e]Pyrrolo [1, 2-a][1，4]Diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylate diethylamine salt, which may be further washed and dried.

The diethylamine salt was mixed with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid. The organic layer was separated, washed with aqueous NaCl solution, and then concentrated and/or purified. The product may then be mixed with NMP, followed by the addition of Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) and then the addition of 1, 8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU). Cyclopropyl sulfonamide may then be added. The reaction mixture was stirred for several hours. Isopropyl acetate may then be added followed by sequential addition of aqueous potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and aqueous phosphoric acid solution. The organic layer can be filtered, washed and purified to give the title compound of example 42d.

Example 43N- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-yl) -3-methylisoxazole-5-carboxamide

Example 43 can be prepared according to the procedure described for the preparation of example 42, substituting the 3-methylisoxazole-5-carboxylic acid of example 43a for the 2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid of example 42a to give (S) -2- (3-methylisoxazole-5-carboxamido) non-8-enoic acid. All subsequent steps will be performed in a similar manner to example 42 to give example 43.

Example 44N- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ b ] thiophen-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide

Example 44 can be prepared according to the procedure described for the preparation of example 42, substituting the 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid of example 44a for the 2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid of example 42a to give (S) -2- (5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamido) non-8-enoic acid. All subsequent steps will be performed in a similar manner to example 42 to give example 44.

EXAMPLE 45 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (3-fluorobenzamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 45 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 42 substituting the 3-fluorobenzoic acid of example 45a for the 2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid of example 42a to give (S) -2- (3-fluorobenzamido) non-8-enoic acid. All subsequent steps will be performed in a similar manner to example 42 to give example 45.

EXAMPLE 46 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-6- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 46 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 42 substituting the pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid of example 46a for the 2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid of example 42a to give (S) -2- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) non-8-enoic acid. All subsequent steps will be performed in a similar manner to example 42 to give example 46.

Example 47N- ((2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-yl) isoxazole-5-carboxamide

Example 47 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 42 substituting the isoxazole-5-carboxylic acid of example 47a for the 2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid of example 42a to give (S) -2- (isoxazole-5-carboxamido) non-8-enoic acid. All subsequent steps will be performed in a similar manner to example 42 to give example 47.

EXAMPLE 48 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 48 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 42 substituting the 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid of example 48a for the 2-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid of example 42a to give (S) -2- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) non-8-enoic acid. All subsequent steps will be performed in a similar manner to example 42 to give example 48.

EXAMPLE 49 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 49a.

(S) -2- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) non-8-enoic acid

Boc-2(S) -amino-non-8-enoic acid dicyclohexylamine salt can be suspended in isopropyl acetate, washed several times with aqueous citric acid solution and then 1 time with water. The washed product, concentrated and then re-diluted with isopropyl acetate, can be reacted with HCl to give the 2(S) -amino-non-8-enoic acid HCl salt. 5-methyl-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid, N' -disuccinimidyl carbonate (disuccinimidyl carbonate) and N, N-dimethylaminopyridine may be dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and stirred. Subsequent addition of 2(S) -amino-non-8-enoic acid HCl salt, followed by triethylamine, and stirring gave the title compound of example 49a, which crystallized from the addition of HCl followed by water.

Example 49b.

Ethyl (1R, 2S) -1- ((2S, 4R) -N- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -1- ((S) -2- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) non-8-enoyl-4- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido) -2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate

(2S, 4R) -N-Boc-4-hydroxyproline can be reacted with 6-chlorophenanthridine in NMP in the presence of sodium tert-butoxide to give (2S, 4R) -1- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -4- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid. Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and water may then be added. The aqueous layer was separated, washed, then HCl was added, followed by extraction with MTBE. The extracted product can be mixed with Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) and HATU (CAS #148893-10-1), and then reacted with ethyl (1R, 2S) -1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate tosylate in Dimethylformamide (DMF) and toluene. The reaction yielded tert-butyl (2S, 4R) -2- ((1R, 2S) -1- (ethoxycarbonyl) -2-vinylcyclopropylcarbamoyl) -4- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate, which was extractable with MTBE and washed with HCl, further extracted, washed, dried and dissolved in 2-propanol.

HCl can be added to the 2-propanol solution to give ethyl (1R, 2S) -1- ((2S, 4R) -4- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido) -2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate, which can be crystallized by neutralization with NaOH.

Ethyl (1R, 2S) -1- ((2S, 4R) -4- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido) -2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate, the title compound of example 49a, N-hydroxy-5-norbornene-2, 3-dicarboxamide and N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -N' -ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride were mixed and stirred in DMF, followed by the addition of N, N-dimethylethylenediamine. This reaction yielded ethyl (1R, 2S) -1- ((2S, 4R) -1- ((S) -2- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) non-8-enoyl) -4- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido) -2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate, which was soluble in isopropyl acetate and extracted with aqueous phosphoric acid followed by aqueous dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. The product was reacted with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate in the presence of dimethylaminopyridine followed by extraction with a mixture of citric acid solution and sodium chloride solution to give the title compound of example 49b.

Example 49c.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride

The product of example 49B was subjected to ring closure metathesis in toluene in the presence of Zhan-B catalyst to give (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 16, 16 a-tetradecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecine-14 a, 15(1H) -dicarboxylic acid 15-tert-butyl ester 14a ethyl ester. After the reaction, the catalyst can be quenched with imidazole.

Ring closure product in toluene the solvent can be converted to acetonitrile followed by addition of hydrogen chloride in dioxane and heating to give the title compound of example 49c.

Example 49d.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

The isolated product of example 49c was separated from tetrahydrofuran, water and LiOH H₂O was mixed, then heated and stirred. Subsequently, the reaction mixture was cooled, an aqueous phosphoric acid solution, an aqueous NaCl solution and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran were added, and the organic layer was separated, washed and filtered. MeCN was added to the concentrated organic layer, heated and cooled, then diethylamine was added. Heating the slurry and cooling to form (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] S]Pyrrolo [1, 2-a][1，4]Diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxylate diethylamine salt, which may be further washed and dried.

The diethylamine salt was mixed with tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid. The organic layer was separated, washed with aqueous NaCl solution, and then concentrated and/or purified. The product may then be mixed with NMP, followed by the addition of Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) and then the addition of 1, 8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU). Cyclopropyl sulfonamide may then be added. The reaction mixture was stirred for several hours. Isopropyl acetate may then be added followed by sequential addition of aqueous potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and aqueous phosphoric acid solution. The organic layer can be separated, washed and purified to give the title compound of example 49d. The isolated product can be further dissolved in isopropyl acetate and the solution then diluted with ethanol. Water is added to the resulting solution in portions, with sufficient time left at each addition to ensure sub-supersaturation. The addition of water was stopped when the ternary solvent system just became two-phase due to partial immiscibility of the isopropyl acetate, ethanol, water solvent system. The slurry was stirred for several hours, then the solid was isolated by filtration and dried to give the title compound as a crystalline hydrate.

EXAMPLE 50 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 50 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 49 substituting the- (1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid of example 50a for the 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid of example 49a to give (S) -2- (1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) non-8-enoic acid all the subsequent steps were carried out in a similar manner to example 49 to give example 50.

EXAMPLE 51 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepipentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 51 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 49 substituting 5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid of example 51a for 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid of example 49a to give (S) -2- (5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) non-8-enoic acid. All subsequent steps will be performed in a similar manner to example 49 to give example 51.

EXAMPLE 52 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (2-fluorobenzamido) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 52 was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare example 49, substituting example 52a of 2-fluorobenzoic acid for example 49a of 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid to give (S) -2- (2-fluorobenzamido) non-8-enoic acid. All subsequent steps will be performed in a similar manner to example 49 to give example 52.

Example 53 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -6- (pyrazine-2-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

Example 53 was prepared according to the procedure described for the preparation of example 49 substituting the pyrazine carboxylic acid of example 53a for the 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid of example 49a to give (S) -2- (pyrazine-2-carboxamido) non-8-enoic acid. All subsequent steps will be performed in a similar manner to example 49 to give example 53.

Example 54 (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (thiazolo [4, 5-c ] quinolin-4-yloxy) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-pentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester

A mixture of methyl 5-bromothiazole-4-carboxylate (0.521g, 2.35mmol), 2- (4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) aniline (0.514g, 2.35mmol), 1' -bis (di-tert-butylphosphino) ferrocene palladium chloride (0.060g, 0.094mmol) and sodium carbonate (1.17ml of a 2M aqueous solution) in tetrahydrofuran (12ml) was stirred at room temperature under nitrogen for 48 hours. The reaction mixture was then heated at 50 ℃ for a further 16 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room temperature, diluted with dichloromethane (120mL) and dimethylformamide (40mL) and washed with water (20 mL). The resulting solid was isolated by vacuum filtration to give the title compound (0.251mg, 53% yield, thiazolo [4, 5-c ] quinolin-4 (5H) -one).

Example 55

Synthesis of Cyclic peptide precursors

To a solution of Boc-L-2-amino-8-nonenoic acid 42a (1.36g, 5mol) and commercially available cis-L-hydroxyproline methyl ester 42b (1.09g, 6mmol) in 15ml DMF were added DIEA (4ml 4eq.) and HATU (4g, 2 eq.). The coupling was carried out at 0 ℃ for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was diluted with 100ml EtOAc, followed by 5% citric acid (2X 20ml), water (2X 20ml), 1M NaHCO respectively₃(4X 20ml) and brine (2X 10 ml). The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then evaporated to give dipeptide 42c (1.91g, 95.8%) which was purified by HPLC (retention time 8.9 min, 30-70%, 90% B) and MS (found 421.37, M + Na)⁺) And (5) identifying.

Dipeptide 42c (1.91g) was dissolved in 15mL of dioxane and 15mL of 1N LiON aqueous solution, and hydrolysis reaction was carried out at room temperature for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was acidified with 5% citric acid, extracted with 100mL EtOAc, then washed with water (2X 20mL) and brine (2X 20mL), respectively. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then removed in vacuo to give the free carboxylic acid compound 42d (1.79g, 97%) which was used in the next synthetic step without further purification.

To a solution of the free acid obtained above (1.77, 4.64mmol) in 5ml of DMF was added D- β -vinylcyclopropaneaminoethyl ester (0.95g, 5mmol), DIEA (4ml, 4eq.) and HATU (4g, 2 eq.). The coupling was carried out at 0 ℃ for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with 80ml EtOAc, followed by 5% citric acid (2 in a prepared form), respectively20ml), water (2X 20ml), 1M NaHCO₃(4X 20ml) and brine (2X 10 ml). The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then evaporated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel using different ratios of hexane: EtOAc as the elution phase (5: 1 → 3: 1 → 1: 2 → 1: 5). After removal of the elution solvent, the linear tripeptide 42e (1.59g, 65.4%) was isolated as an oil by HPLC (retention time 11.43 min, 30-70%, 90% B) and MS (found 544.84, M + Na)⁺) And (5) identifying.

A solution of linear tripeptide 42e (1.51g, 2.89mmol) in 200ml of anhydrous DCM was bubbled through N₂Removing oxygen. Hoveyda's first generation catalyst (5 mol% eq.) was then added as a solid. The reaction was refluxed for 12 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel using different ratios of hexane: EtOAc as the elution phase (9: 1 → 5: 1 → 3: 1 → 1: 2 → 1: 5). After removal of the elution solvent, the cyclic peptide precursor (1.24g, 87%) was isolated as a white powder by HPLC (retention time 7.84 min, 30-70%, 90% B) and MS (found 516.28, M + Na)⁺) And (5) identifying.

(2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (4-bromophenylsulfonyloxy) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide

A solution of ethyl (2S, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -6- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) -2-hydroxy-5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxylate (22.1g, 44.8mmol) and DABCO (8.5g, 76.7mmol) in toluene (88ml) was stirred at room temperature. To this solution was added a solution of 4-bromobenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (17.2g, 76.2mmol) in toluene (44 ml). After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was quenched with 10% aqueous sodium carbonate (110ml) and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes. Tetrahydrofuran (44ml) was added and the mixture was washed sequentially with 0.5M HCl, water and then saturated aqueous sodium chloride. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (27.7g, 87% yield), which was used without further purification.

Example 56

Measurement of the efficacy of inhibition Using purified NS3 protease

The activity of the recombinant HCV NS3 protease derived from isolated expression genotypes 1, 2, 3 or 4 was measured by cleavage of the following peptide substrates:

the substrate is labeled with fluorite and a fluorescence quencher. Cleavage results in the release of the quencher and an increase in fluorescence. NS3 protease was incubated with serial dilutions of the inhibitor in 150mM nacl, 10% glycerol, 5mM DTT (with or without 0.01% dodecyl maltoside) for 30 minutes or 300 minutes. Substrate was added at a concentration of 5 μ M to initiate the reaction and fluorescence was measured at 2 minute intervals for 30 minutes. Enzyme concentrations ranged from 10-100nM in the absence of detergent or in the presence of 10-fold less detergent. The substrate peptides were labeled with EDANS and DABCYL (excitation wavelength 355nm, emission wavelength 485nm) or TAMRA and QSY (excitation wavelength 544nm, emission wavelength 590 nm). For the conventional IC50 assay, 3-fold serial dilutions were used at starting concentrations of 100. mu.M, 200. mu.M or 2 mM. For having K_iCompounds with values near or below enzyme concentration were calculated in a tight binding calculation format (light binding calculation format) using 24 inhibitor dilutions covering the range of 0-100nM inhibitor. Calculating K according to the following equation by adopting a tight bound calculation format_iThe value:

V＝A{[(K+I-E)²+4KE])^1/2- (K + I-E) }, wherein I ═ total inhibitor concentration, E ═ active enzyme concentration, K ═ apparent K ═_iThe sum of values A ═ k_cat)S/2][K_m＝(S)]。

Replicon cell lines

Two subgenomic replicon cell lines can be used for compound characterization in cell culture: one derived from genotype 1a and one derived from genotype 1b. Both replicon constructs are dicistronic subgenomic replicons substantially similar to those described by Bartenschlager and colleagues (Lohmann et al, Science (1999)285 (5424): 110-113). The genotype 1a replicon construct comprises the NS3-NS5B coding region derived from the H77 strain of HCV (1a-H77) (blank et al, J Virol (2003)77 (5): 3181-3190). The first cistron of the construct consists of the first 36 nucleotides of the HCV 1a-H77 core gene fused to a firefly luciferase reporter gene and a neomycin phosphotransferase (Neo) selectable marker. The luciferase and Neo coding regions are separated by FMDV 2a protease. The second cistron contains the coding region NS3-NS5B derived from 1a-H77 with the addition of adaptive mutations of E1202G in NS3, K1691R in NS4A, and K2040R and S2204I in NS 5A. The 1b-Con-1 replicon construct is identical to the 1a-H77 replicon, except that the 5 'and 3' NTRs and the NS3-NS5B coding region can be derived from the 1b-Con-1 strain (Blight et al, Science (2000)290 (5498): 1972-.

Replicon compound assay

The replicon cell lines were maintained in Dulbecco's Modified Eagles Medium (DMEM) containing 100IU/ml penicillin, 100mg/ml streptomycin (Invitrogen), 200mg/ml G418(Invitrogen), and 10% (v/v) Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS). Replicon-containing cells can be seeded at a density of 5000 cells per well in DMEM with 5% FBS in 96-well plates. The next day, compounds were initially diluted in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to generate a series of 8 half-log diluted 200x stocks of inhibitor. Dilutions can then be made in series with 5% FBSDiluted 100-fold in culture medium. 100 microliters of inhibitor-containing medium was added to each well of an overnight cell culture plate already containing 100 μ l DMEM containing 5% FBS. In an assay to evaluate the effect of protein binding on inhibitor potency, media from overnight cell culture plates can be replaced with 200 μ l DMEM containing 40% human plasma (Innovative Research) plus 5% FBS and compound. The cells may be grown in a tissue culture incubator for 4 days. Inhibition of the replicon by a compound can be determined by measuring either the level of luciferase or the level of HCV RNA. Luciferase assays were performed using the luciferase assay System kit (Promega) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Briefly, the cell culture medium was removed and each well was washed with 200 μ l phosphate buffered saline. Passive Lysis buffer (Passive Lysis buffer) (Promega, Wis.) was added to each well. The plates were incubated with shaking for 30 minutes to lyse the cells. Luciferase activity was measured by adding luciferin solution (50. mu.l, Promega) using a vector II luminometer (Perkin-Elmer). To determine HCV RNA levels, RNA extraction can be performed using the CellsDirect kit (Invitrogen), while HCV RNA copy number can be measured using the SuperScript III platinum One-Step (One-Step) qRT-PCR system (Invitrogen) and primers specific for the HCV 5' untranslated region. The cytotoxicity can be improved by 3- [4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl group]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay. Replicon cells were plated on 96-well plates (4000 cells per plate) and the next day, dilutions of compounds were added in the activity assay. And the cells were grown in the presence of the inhibitor for 4 days. MTT solution was diluted in DMEM containing 5% FBS, and 60 μ l of the solution was added to the cells. After 4 hours, the cells were lysed by adding 30. mu.l SDS (20% in 0.02N HCl). The plate was incubated overnight and the optical density was measured at 570 nm. To determine the EC of a compound₅₀And TD₅₀Luciferase, RNA inhibition, and MTT data (equation: dose-response-variable slope of sigmoidal curve) can be analyzed using GraphPad Prism 4 software.

Mutants of transient replicons

Mutations detected in the sustained selection study can be introduced into wild-type transient replicon constructs based on 1a-H77 and 1 b-N. Both replicons are bicistronic subgenomic members containing firefly luciferase reporter genes similar to those described above, but do not contain Neo selectable markers and are therefore only suitable for transient replicon assays. The 1a-H77 replicon used for transient analysis also differed from the replicon in the stable cell line in that it also contained NS2 through NS5B in the second cistron. The 1b-N strain replicon contained NS3 through NS5B in the second cistron, accompanied by E1202G in NS3 and S2204I adaptive mutations in NS 5A. Mutagenesis can be performed using the Stratagene QuikChange XL II site directed mutagenesis kit. The sequence of the mutant can be confirmed and the plasmid can be linearized with Xba I restriction enzyme and used as a template for an in vitro transcription reaction to prepare mutant replicon RNA for transient transfection. In vitro transcription was performed using the T7Megascript kit (Ambion).

Transient replicon transfections can be performed essentially as described in Mo et al (Antitirob Agents Chemother (2005)49 (10): 4305-4314), with minor modifications. A volume of 3X 10 of 200. mu.l in a 0.2cm cuvette using 15. mu.g of template RNA⁶Individual cells were subjected to electroporation. The cells used for transient transfection may be Huh7 cells obtained by treating replicon-containing cells with IFN (Mo et al, supra). Electroporation was also performed using two manual pulses using Gene Pulser II (Bio-Rad, Calif.) at 480V and 25. mu.F. Transfected cells can be diluted to 7.5X 10⁴Cells/ml and at 7.5X 10 per well³The individual cells were plated in 96-well plates in DMEM (containing 5% FBS and 100IU/ml penicillin, 100mg/ml streptomycin) (Invitrogen). 4 hours after transfection, one plate was harvested for luciferase assay; the plate can provide a measure of the amount of input RNA that can be translated and thereby determine transfection efficiency. To retain the plate, serial dilutions of test compounds in DMSO (0.5% DMSO final concentration) can be added and the plate incubated for 4 days.

Exemplary compounds of the present invention were tested for anti-HCV activity. Many of the compounds tested exhibited unexpected anti-HCV activity, including superior activity in biochemical assays that inhibit various HCV genotypes as indicated by the HCV protease, superior activity in standard HCV replicon assays, including activity in the inhibition of 1a-H77 and 1b-con1HCV strains in the presence or absence of 40% human plasma, and/or superior activity in transient replicon assays that inhibit drug-resistant mutants in a number of different HCV genetic backgrounds.

The contents of all documents cited throughout this application, including references, issued patents, published patent applications, and co-pending patent applications, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety, specifically. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific embodiments of the invention described herein. Such equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the scope of the following claims.

Claims

1. A compound of formula I or I':

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof,

wherein:

each R₁Is independently selected from

(i) Halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-SOR₄、-SO₂R₄、-N(R₃)S(O₂)-R₄、-N(R₃)(SO₂)NR₃R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)-OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄or-N (R)₃)C(O)R₄；

(ii) Optionally substituted aryl;

(iii) optionally substituted heteroaryl;

(iv) an optionally substituted heterocyclic group;

(v) optionally substituted carbocyclyl; or

g is-E-R₅；

P is 0, 1 or 2;

R₅is H; optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl or optionally substituted alkynyl, each containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected fromO, S or a heteroatom of N; optionally substituted carbocyclyl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl;

y is N or-C (R') -;

a, R therein₁R ', and/or R' may be joined together to form a ring;

j is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;

k is 0, 1, 2 or 3;

m is 0, 1 or 2;

n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and

represents a carbon-carbon single bond or double bond,

wherein if Y is N, R 'is optionally substituted heterocyclyl or optionally substituted carbocyclyl and comprises two or more fused rings, and wherein R' is not

2. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein R' is H, Y is N, and wherein k ═ 3, j ═ 1, and L are absent.

3. The compound of claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein R₁Is hydrogen or halogen, E is-NHS (O) -or-NHS (O)₂) -, and R₅Is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or imidazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted.

4. The compound of claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein J is-C (O) -and A is optionally substituted-C₁-C₈Alkyl containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted-C₁-C₈Alkoxy, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted-C₃-C₁₂Cycloalkyl or optionally substituted-C₃-C₁₂A heterocycloalkyl group.

5. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or prodrug thereof, wherein Y is-C (R ") -, and R' and R" are taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form an aryl or heteroaryl ring, each of said rings being optionally substituted; and wherein k is 3, j is 1 and L is absent.

6. The compound of claim 5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein R₁Is hydrogen or halogen, E is-NHS (O) -or-NHS (O)₂) -, and R₅Is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cycloPentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or imidazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted.

7. The compound of claim 5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein J is-C (O) -and A is optionally substituted-C₁-C₈Alkyl containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted-C₁-C₈Alkoxy, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted-C₃-C₁₂Cycloalkyl or optionally substituted-C₃-C₁₂A heterocycloalkyl group.

8. The compound of claim 5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or prodrug thereof, wherein R' and R "together form an optionally substituted aryl.

9. The compound of claim 5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein R' and R "are taken together with the carbon atom to which each is attached to form a compound represented by (R)₂)_xSubstituted aryl radicals, in which

Each R₂Is independently selected from

(i) Halogen, hydroxy, amino, -CN, -CF₃、-N₃、-NO₂、-OR₄、-SR₄、-SOR₄、-SO₂R₄、-NHS(O₂)-R₄、-NHS(O₂)NR₃R₄、-NR₃R₄、-C(O)OR₄、-C(O)R₄、-C(O)NR₃R₄or-N (R)₃)C(O)R₄；

(ii) Optionally substituted aryl;

(iii) optionally substituted heteroaryl;

(iv) an optionally substituted heterocyclic group;

(v) optionally substituted carbocyclyl; or

and x is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

10. The compound of claim 5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, wherein R₁Is hydrogen or halogen, E is-NHS (O) -or-NHS (O)₂) -, and R₅Is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or imidazolyl, each of which is optionally substituted.

11. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, selected from the group consisting of:

(2) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (isonicotinamido-5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxamide;

(4) n- (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide;

(6) n- (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-yl) isoxazole-5-carboxamide;

(7) n- (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-yl) thiazole-4-carboxamide;

(13) n- (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-yl) -5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide;

(16) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -6- (1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecane-14 a-carboxamide; and

(17) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzofuran-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -N- (cyclopropylsulfonyl) -5, 16-dioxo-6- (pyrimidine-4-carboxamido) -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepidyne-14 a-carboxamide.

12. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, selected from the group consisting of:

(39) (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) octadecylcyclopropano [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester;

(40) (2R, 6S, 13aR, 14aR, 16aS) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) octadecahydrocyclopropano [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazepin-6-ylcarbamic acid cyclopentyl ester; and

(41) (2R, 6S, 13aR, 14aR, 16aS) -5, 16-dioxo-2- (phenanthridin-6-yloxy) -14a- (thien-2-ylsulfonylcarbamoyl) octadecahydrocyclopropano [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester.

13. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

14. A method of treating a viral infection in a patient, comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof.

15. A process for preparing a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, comprising reacting a compound of formula II:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

g is-E-R₅；

P is 0, 1 or 2;

each R₃Independently at each occurrence, is selected from the group consisting of: optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl or optionally substituted alkynyl, each containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; optionally substituted aryl; optionally substituted heteroaryl; an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; optionally substituted carbocyclyl; or hydrogen;

j is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;

k is 0, 1, 2 or 3;

m is 0, 1 or 2; and

represents a carbon-carbon single or double bond, and

LG is a leaving group;

a step of reacting with a compound of formula III:

wherein:

each R₁Is independently selected from

(ii) Optionally substituted aryl;

(iii) optionally substituted heteroaryl;

(iv) an optionally substituted heterocyclic group;

(v) optionally substituted carbocyclyl; or

n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;

y is N or CR ";

a, R therein₁R ', and/or R' may be joined together to form a ring;

provided that the compound is not tert-butyl (2R, 6S, 13aS, 14aR, 16aS, Z) -2- (3- (benzo [ d ] thiazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-2-yloxy) -14a- (cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl) -5, 16-dioxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13a, 14, 14a, 15, 16, 16 a-hexadecahydrocyclopropa [ e ] pyrrolo [1, 2-a ] [1, 4] diazacyclopentadecan-6-ylcarbamate;

thereby obtaining the compound of formula I.

16. A process according to claim 1 for the preparation of a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, which process comprises reacting

Deprotection of form

Then reacting the latter compound with H-G to form said compound, wherein PG_NIs amino protecting group and PG_CIs a carboxylic acid protecting group.