HK1021956B - Machine tool system - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a machine tool system for machining symmetrical and asymmetrical workpieces.

The mechanical machining of workpieces is carried out on machine tools such as lathes, milling machines or drilling rigs, whereby so-called production systems have already become known and CNC machining machines are used.

The integration of individual machine tools or machine systems into production lines is used in practice to reduce the additional time spent on machining and thus increase productivity and production possibilities. To meet these requirements, solutions have already been proposed for such operations as the clamping and unclamping of workpieces on tool plates, the positioning of workpieces on the machining tool, the adjustment possibilities from the tool to be machined to the machining tool and the drive possibilities.

Thus, DE-OS 21 02 234 refers to a drive for moving tool carriers within a production line, which are placed in predetermined positions on a conveyor belt. This is achieved by using several primary and secondary components, which interact with each other alternately and by impulse excitation, as power sources in known linear motors. The primary components are distributed separately and in groups on the transport path at intervals, and the secondary components are arranged on the tool holder. The primary components, arranged in groups, are parallel or angular to each other. Certain groups of primary components can be connected by the switch operated by the tool holder to a rotary or direct current network in successive switches. Each of the secondary components consists of a plate with a higher magnetic conductivity, which is directed towards the primary, is coated with a plate with a higher electrical conductivity, and both are more widely oriented than the poles of each plate.

This solution involves the installation of an air cushion between the tool carrier and the conveyor belt and the use of a known linear motor as the drive.

The use of a magnetic tension plate for lifting or unfastening workpieces is well known and EP 0357904 A 1 describes a magnetic tension plate which not only can safely hold workpieces of different materials, including weak or non-magnetic materials, but whose surface is designed in such a way that no support is missing from the workpiece at any point but still allows a safe and good transmission of a vacuum, unimpeded air penetration. Two embodiments are then described: one embodiment contains slots or holes in the magnetic polarity sections between the nonferromagnetic poles and is filled with fine-porous sinter metal; the other embodiment contains slots in the poles and is also filled with fine-porous sinter metal, which is not ferromagnetic. Although this combined vacuum magnetic tension plate is capable of producing a tension by means of magnetic forces, other possibilities such as the positioning or operation of a workpiece intended for a tension plate are not possible with this solution.

EP 0637482 A 1 describes a method for positioning a tool holder in a machine and its tool holder, in which the tool holder is moved and fixed in a position approximately corresponding to the intended position and its actual position is then determined by at least two reference marks placed on the tool holder. The measurement of the tools fitted in the tool holder is carried out at a specially equipped measuring point. The measurement data obtained are transmitted to the machine. The effective position of the tools on the machine can then be calculated by reference to the position of the reference marks. Although this method involves the positioning of a tool holder in a machine, the feasibility of this method is very complex, the intended clamping elements being used to open and secure the tool holder, the actual clamping being done mechanically, preferably by spring force and the loosening pneumatically.

The known solutions described are only for individual process steps or processes on machine tools, combined or multiple continuous operations are not possible with the solutions mentioned.

The object of the present invention is to develop a machine tool system for the uncoupled machining of symmetrical and asymmetrical workpieces, which allows the incorporation of workpieces into coupled devices within the system, their positioning to each other and the drive, whereby the positioning of the workpieces is achieved by a CNC system acting on the machining tools, the magnetic lift, drive and tension forces and the mechanical drive.

The problem is solved according to the invention by the features shown in claim 1.

The machine tool system according to the invention consists of a machine base with a machine portal connected to the machine base, which is supported on the side and overlaps the machine base.

The base of the machine itself is designed to accommodate and guide a coupling device, a coupling bed, which is traveled along the longitudinal axis of the base of the machine, i.e. in the X axis. The absorption bed shall be equipped with a magnetically supported, tensile and positioning tensioning device which enables the workpieces to be absorbed to be tensioned on the tensioning plate, the entire tensioning device to be raised, processed and positioned and lowered by means of magnetic forces and the absorption bed to be magnetically tensioned, preferably by means of hybrid magnets.

The invention also includes the inclusion of a magnetically-openable holder surrounding the tensioning device, which can be opened to accommodate the tensioning unit and contains lifting and driving magnets. The degree of freedom between the magnetic tensioner and the base plate of the coupling device and the degree of freedom between the magnetic tensioner and the carrying ring of the coupling plate is chosen in such a way that the entire coupling device can be rotated and positioned in a plane manner, thus ensuring that the entire coupling device can be positioned horizontally in the X and Y axes and on its own axis, around the Z axis, depending on the required position with respect to the machining tools. The horizontal positioning in the direction of the X axis is additionally achieved by means of a main spindle in the receiving bed, which allows the entire span device to be brought to the tool with the receiving bed in the X axis.

The horizontal positioning in the direction of the Y axis is additionally achieved by the transverse transport of the machine base with magnetic support.

The invention also includes the possibility of telescoping the machine portals to the entire machine tool system in both X- and Y-axis and preferably the machine base, except for the clamping plate, is located below the floor in a specially designed floor channel. Depending on the model and the size of the machine base, the magnetically-altering system is supported by means of certain supporting supports, such as rollers attached to the machine base.

The machine tool system according to the invention is thus characterized by the basic modules of a receiver bed, a tensioner consisting of a base plate, a carrying ring and a tensioner plate and a magnetic counter attached to the receiver bed, which encircles the base plate of the tensioner, is connected to the tensioner and is designed to rotate. The reception bed is equipped with magnetic tensioning elements and the magnetic harness is equipped with lifting and driving magnets.

The adjustment and positioning of the tensioner is carried out in the raised position, i.e. in a suspended state, since the existing lifts raise the tensioner from the reception bed in such a way that there are air gaps between these two parts and between the base plate and the magnetethaltering, so that the positioning operations are carried out without contact.

Further features and advantages of the invention are shown in the following description of the example of the drawing.

Show in the drawing Fig. 1: a basic representation of the machine tool system, partially in the cross sectionFig. 2 : a general overview of Fig. 1Fig. 3: the formation of the magnet magnet as a dual magnet magnetFig. 4: Magnet ring in combination of load/hold magnet and drive unitsFig. 5: Principle of full magnetic coverage of the base plate in the case of combined load/hold magnet and drive unitsFig. 6: Principle of partial magnetic coverage of the base plate in the case of combined load/hold magnet and drive unitsFig. 7: Principle of the combined base and rotor plateFig. 8: Principle of separate base and rotor plate

A general view of the whole machine tool system is given in Figure 1, whereas it is clear from Figure 1 that this machine tool system is a milling machine or a drill and a deliberate representation of the principle has been chosen.

The machine base 1 is formed as a machine bed, which rests on the machine base 2, is magnetically supported on the transverse wiring 20 and has a special opening at its top where the intake bed 3 can be stored and processed.

The machine portals 5 overlap the machine tool system and are themselves connected to the machine base 2 on one side and can be telescopically approached in the Y direction by means of the transverse conduit 20 magnetically supported.

In the module of the reception bed 3 there are, above, i.e. not on the sliding surfaces of the reception bed 3, but on its tensioning surface, spanning elements 6 which are preferably formed as hybrid magnets, i.e. which are a combination of E and P magnets (electric and permanent magnets) in their mode of action.

The second basic module of the machine tool system is the magnetically supported and tensile span device 7, consisting of the base plate 8, the tragring 9 and the span plate 10.

In Figure 1 this span device 7 is shown in the broadest sense in suspended condition, this representation being chosen so that the individual elements of the whole system can be seen immediately.

The magnetic field is measured by the magnetic field of the magnetic field, which is measured by the magnetic field of the magnetic field.

The interchangeable workpiece configuration clamping plate 10 is conventionally equipped with appropriate longitudinal and transverse clamps on which the workpieces to be worked are directly or indirectly clamped; this mounting and clamping of the workpieces can be done both inside and outside the machine system, with the whole clamping device 7 being removed from the machine tool system as a workpiece pallet and re-used after assembly.

The magnetethaltering 11 is attached to the reception bed 3 and overlaps the base plate 8 of the span device 7, the base plate 8 being dimensioned so that a defined, constant distance exists between it and the magnetethaltering 11.

In the same way, the upper part 12 of the magnetic harness 11 has a similarly defined distance from the carrying ring 9 and thus sufficient degrees of freedom to ensure that the entire range device 7 can be processed and positioned according to the conditions required.

In the upper part 12 of the magnetic holder 11 there are hoist magnets 13 and drive magnets 14 which are arranged in alternating order with their effective surfaces to the base plate 8. Depending on the design of the system, the entire tool-taking system, including its span device 7 and the magnetically-altering 11 may be supported by supporting supports 15 and rolls 16 provided below the magnetically-altering 11 to the machine base 2, which is an additional storage which has a positive effect on the entire machining process.

The design and arrangement of the tension plate 10 to the magnetethaltering 11 is also shown in principle in Figure 2, with 17 representing the Y direction and 18 the X direction.

The arrow direction 19 is used to indicate the rotational motion of the arrow device 7 on its own axis in the Z direction.

It also follows from this representation in Figure 2 that the whole machine base 1 may be equipped with transverse conduits 20 through which the machine base 1 can be accessed to the machine portals 5 by means of a magnetic support.

The arrangement of the lifting magnets 13 and the driving magnets 14 is also shown in Figure 2. They are arranged alternately in the magnetethaltering 11 and are used to lift the entire span device 7 and to position them in the horizontal planes already indicated.

The base plate 8 can be made of different materials, of course part of this material must be magnetic.

For the functional operation

The main spindle 4 is used to move the receiving bed 3 from the operating area of the machine portal (s) 5 so that the workpieces to be worked can be placed and tightened on the interchangeable clamping plate 10. The variability of the whole system, including the workpieces tensioned on the clamping plate 10, makes it possible to position the workpiece to be worked on the respective tools provided for at the machine portals 5, which is repeatable many times depending on technological requirements.

In the working state, the span device 7 is in its lowered position, i.e. the base plate 8 is on the reception bed 3 and is tensioned by the magnetic forces of the span elements 6 present in this reception bed 3.

Lifting is achieved by switching the coupling elements 6, preferably formed as hybrid magnets, so that their magnetic force is set to zero; at the same time, the lifting magnets 13 are activated and the entire coupling device 7 can be placed in a suspended state in the magnetic holding ring 11 and controlled there. A rotary arrangement of the tensioner 7 in the direction of the arrow 19, the Z direction, is achieved by activating the driving magnets 14 also provided for in the upper part 12 of the magnetic tensioner 11, which position the tensioner 7 around its own axis perpendicularly and planarly.

The individual magnets used are adjustable in such a way that, for example, the lifting magnets 13 create and secure an air gap between the upper part 12 of the magnetically-altering 11 and the base plate 8 by means of ferromagnetic pulling forces, and the air gap between the base plate 8 and the magnetically-altering 11 by means of the intake bed 3.

The magnetic arrangements and their training ensure that the magnetic forces can be applied without power, so that the floating span device 7 can be operated and positioned in a rotary and planar manner without additional moving elements such as gears, spindles, linear motors or the like and without additional media such as air, oil or the like.

The main advantages of the solution according to the invention are the reduction of machining times on machine tools, since the machine setup times are significantly reduced due to the rapid positioning of the workpieces. The loosening and clamping of the clamping device is done without additional devices, exclusively by means of magnetic forces. Since the positioning movements are made contactless, no lubricant is required between the base plate 8 and the reception bed 3.

Another advantage of the proposed machine tool system is that the span device 7 which is designed as a compact assembly is interchangeable within the machine tool system and can be taken out of this system in its complexity and assigned to another machine system which is understandably programmed in the same way and positioned according to the same programming system.

The following references refer to another design of the magnetic soldering iron 11, which is formed as a double magnetic soldering iron 11; 12.The description refers to Figures 3-8.In the upper magnetic soldering iron 11, 12 the base plate 8 is housed and the load-bearing magnetic unit 13 and the holding magnetic unit 6 are arranged.

At the bottom of the double magnetic holder 11, 12 there is a rotor plate 15 and the drive units 14, which are provided in the upper and lower regions of this holder 11, 12.

The combination of load-bearing magnets 13, 6 and drives 14 is shown in Figure 2, which shows the upper design of the magnetic loader 11, 12, i.e. the load-bearing magnets 13 are arranged in alternating sequences and pictorial in Figures 3, 4, where Figure 4 shows an arrangement of the load-bearing magnets 13 and drives 14.

The representation and arrangement of the base plate 8 with the combined load-bearing/holding magnets 13, 6 and the drive units 14 is shown in Figures 5 and 6. This arrangement is useful for positioning the workpieces on the clamping plate 10 in a rotational and planar position in suspension. This is done by means of the drive magnets 14 and after the base plate 8 has been removed, it is secured against displacement by means of the support magnets 6.

Figure 7 shows how the individual support and drive magnets 6, 13, 14 can be positioned on base plate 8 by choosing a combination of support and drive magnets 13, 14 which are then placed above base plate 8 while the drive units 14, the support and drive magnets 6, 13 are arranged in a combination below base plate 8.

Figure 8 shows in its basic form the arrangement of the support magnets 13 and the support magnets 6 to the base plate 8 and shows how the base plate 8 is driven by the rotor plate 15 by lifting the rotor plate 15 connected to the base plate 8 and the tragring 9 over the support magnets 13 and driving the drive magnets 14 which are formed as linear motors.

Claims (12)

1. Tool machine for the mechanical processing of symmetrical and asymmetrical workpieces, whereby:

   - an accommodation bed (3) displaceable in its longitudinal direction, in X direction (18) is bedded in a base (1) and to which a split and pivotable magnet retainer ring (11) is also assigned which seats a clamping device (7) which is clamped, lifted, displaced and positioned in longitudinal (18) and cross direction (17) by means of magnetic forces.

   - the clamping device (7) consists of a base plate (8), a clamp plate (10) and a mounting ring (9) between base plate (8) and clamp plate (10) provided above the accommodation bed (3)

   - the base plate (8) is provided with lateral, superior and inferior spacing in the magnetic retainer ring (11) and which can be positioned to the latter

   - magnetic clamping elements (6) are assigned to the accommodation bed (3) on its bearing surface which is clamped by means of the base plate (8) with the accommodation bed (3)

   - one or several vertically displaceable machine portals (5) connected with this operation, are assigned to the entire tool machine
2. Tool machine as in Claim 1, characterised by lift magnets (13) and drive magnets (1) being provided in the superior part (12) of the magnet retainer ring (11) around the circumference in alternating sequence
3. Tool machine as in Claims 1 and 2, characterised by the clamp elements (6) being constructed as hybrid magnets, the lift and drive magnets (13; 14) as electro magnets and/or permanent magnets/hybrid magnets.
4. Tool machine as in one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterised by the machine base (1) being displaceable on cross guides (20) in Y-direction (17)
5. Tool machine as in one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterised by the machine base (1) with the accommodation (3) bed arranged on it and the assigned magnet retainer ring (11) being arranged beneath hall level in a special hall duct.
6. Tool machine as in one of the Claims 1 to 5, characterised by the entire clamping device (7) being in a position to be hoisted via the provided lift magnets (13). Thus air spaces are formed between the base plate (8) to the accommodation bed (3) and to the superior part (12) of the magnet retainer ring (11) and in this suspended condition the clamping device (7) being in a position to be adjusted and positioned via drive magnets (14) in X-direction (18), in Y direction (17) and rotated by the Z axis (19).
7. Tool machine as in one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterised by the clamping unit (7) being exchangeable and bedded in the machine base (1) and the exchangeable clamp plate (10) which can be admitted to another machine system, whereby this machine system must be fitted with the clamp device (7) and the other machine systems can be designed as robot systems, mechanical processing devices or as surface coating devices.
8. Tool machine as in one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterised by the clamp plate (10), corresponding to workpiece configuration, being arranged fixed or exchangeable in the clamping unit (7)
9. Tool machine as in one of the Claims 1 to 8, characterised by the machine portals (5) being permanently connected to the machine foundation (2) while the connections of the machine portals (5) on the opposite side on the cross guides (20) in Y-direction (17) being arranged as displaceable.
10. Tool machine systems as in Claim 1, characterised by the magnet retainer ring (11) being formed as double-magnet retainer ring (11) in the superior part on which the base plate (8) and its inferior part, a rotor plate (15) are arranged.
11. Took machine system as in Claim 11, characterised by lift magnets (13) and mounting magnets (6) being arranged in the superior part of the magnet retainer ring (11) and drive magnets (14) in the inferior magnet retainer ring (11).
12. Tool machine system as in Claims 1, 11, and 12, characterised by the lift and drive magnets (13), (14) above and the lift and drive magnets (13), (14) below and the retainer magnet (6) being assigned to the base plate (8).