HK1097344B - Transparent conductive laminate and transparent touch panel utilizing the same - Google Patents

Description

Transparent conductive laminate and transparent touch panel using same

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a transparent touch panel and a transparent conductive laminate suitably used for the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a transparent touch panel having excellent visibility and a transparent conductive laminate suitably used for the transparent touch panel.

Background

In recent years, as one of man-machine interfaces, transparent touch panels that implement an interactive input method have been used in many applications. The transparent touch panel includes an optical system, an ultrasonic system, a capacitance system, a resistance film system, and the like according to a position detection system. Among them, the resistive film system has a simple structure and a high price/performance ratio, and is rapidly spreading in recent years.

A resistive transparent touch panel is an electronic component configured by holding 2 films or sheets having transparent conductive layers on opposite sides thereof at a constant interval, and is configured to perform a predetermined input by pressing a movable electrode substrate (electrode substrate on the visible side) with a pen or a finger, bending the movable electrode substrate, and bringing the movable electrode substrate into contact with a fixed electrode substrate (electrode substrate on the opposite side) to make electrical conduction, thereby causing a detection circuit to detect a position. In this case, interference fringes called newton rings may appear around the pressed portion. Further, even in a state where the pressing is not performed, newton rings may occur in a portion where the distance between the movable electrode substrate and the fixed electrode substrate is narrowed due to the flexure of the movable electrode substrate. The generation of newton's rings degrades the visibility of the display. As a method for reducing the occurrence of Newton's rings between 2 transparent electrode substrates constituting such a resistive film type transparent touch panel, JP-A-10-323931 discloses a method for forming a coating layer containing a filler having a predetermined amount of average primary particle diameter of 1 to 4 μm and a transparent conductive layer on a plastic film. Further, Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2002-373056 discloses a method for forming a convex coating layer (coating layer having protrusions) containing silica particles having an average secondary particle diameter of 1.0 to 3.0 μm on a plastic film.

As described above, when a transparent touch panel is used in which a transparent conductive laminate containing a coating layer containing particles having an average primary particle diameter or secondary particle diameter of about several micrometers and a transparent conductive layer is formed on a plastic film, the occurrence of newton rings can be reduced. However, in recent years, when the transparent touch panel is provided on a high-definition display, the resin around the particles in the coating layer exhibits a lens effect, and therefore, color separation (flickering) of light from the display occurs, which causes a problem that the display visibility is remarkably deteriorated.

As a coating layer for reducing Newton rings (Newton rings) other than the above, there is a Newton ring preventing layer (anti-Newton rings layer) shown in Japanese patent laid-open No. 2001-84839, which uses a resin containing 2 or more kinds of matting agents and binders having different average particle diameters. The anti-Newton ring layer formed by this method can suppress flicker on a high-definition display, but particles having different sizes of 1 to 15 μm and 5 to 50nm in average particle diameter are added for the purpose of extinction. Since the fine particles of 5 to 50nm are originally much lower than the optical grade of visible light (optical オ - ダ one), haze does not occur even when particles of such a size are added to a resin as a binder, but it is presumed that the particles form secondary aggregates due to an increase in haze caused by the addition of the fine particles of 5 to 50nm to the examples and comparative examples of Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2001-84839. It is found that the increase in turbidity, i.e., extinction, suppressed the flicker. Since the haze of the anti-newton ring layer formed in this way is very high, there is a problem that the visibility of the display is deteriorated.

Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2002-36452 discloses a high-definition antiglare (アンチダレア anti-glare) hard coat film in which a hard coat layer is formed on a plastic film, the hard coat layer containing an ionizing radiation curable resin, silica particles having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 5 μm, and fine particles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 60 nm. The hard coat layer is intended to prevent glare (glare) of reflected light on the hard coat layer surface. Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2002-36452 does not disclose any method for preventing flicker (flare) due to color separation of light from a display, or a method for preventing newton's rings from being generated between a movable electrode substrate and a fixed electrode substrate, which is an object of the present invention.

Disclosure of Invention

The present inventors have conducted extensive studies in view of such problems, and as a result, have succeeded in finding that by adding ultrafine particles C having an average primary particle diameter of 100nm or less to a cured resin layer containing fine particles a having an average primary particle diameter of 0.5 μm or more and 5 μm or less, the irregularities on the surface of the cured resin layer can be controlled, the occurrence of newton rings can be reduced, and the deterioration of visibility due to the occurrence of flicker can be reduced.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a transparent conductive laminate for a transparent touch panel, which does not cause visibility deterioration due to flicker and can prevent Newton's rings from occurring between 2 transparent electrode substrates constituting the transparent touch panel, even when the transparent touch panel is provided on a high-definition display.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a transparent conductive laminate having low haze while maintaining the visibility.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a novel transparent touch panel using the transparent conductive laminate.

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have surprisingly found that the flatness of a curable resin layer changes by adding ultrafine particles C containing a metal oxide or fluoride having an average primary particle diameter of 100nm or less to a mixture of at least 1 or more types of fine particles a having an average primary particle diameter of 0.5 μm or more, 5 μm or less and a curable resin, and that the surface roughness of the surface of the curable resin layer can be freely controlled, thereby completing the present invention. Namely, the present invention is as follows.

A first aspect of the present invention is a transparent conductive laminate comprising a transparent polymer substrate, a cured resin layer-1 having irregularities formed on at least one surface of the transparent polymer substrate, and a transparent conductive layer formed on the cured resin layer-1 directly or through another layer, the transparent conductive laminate comprising:

(A) the cured resin layer-1 contains (i) a curable resin component, (ii) at least one fine particle A having an average primary particle diameter of 0.5 to 5 [ mu ] m, and (iii) at least one selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal fluorides, and contains ultrafine particles C having an average primary particle diameter of 100nm or less;

(B) the content of fine particles A in cured resin layer-1 is 0.3 parts by weight or more and less than 1.0 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of curable resin component (i);

(C) the content of the ultrafine particles C in the cured resin layer-1 is 1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the curable resin component (i);

(D) the thickness (thickness) of the cured resin layer-1 is 0.5 to 5 μm;

(E) the haze defined by JIS K7136 based on the transparent polymer substrate and the cured resin layer-1 was 1% or more and less than 8%.

A second aspect of the present invention is a transparent touch panel including 2 transparent electrode substrates each having a transparent conductive layer formed on at least one surface thereof, the transparent electrode substrates being arranged such that the transparent conductive layers face each other, the transparent touch panel including: at least one transparent electrode substrate is the transparent conductive laminate of the present invention.

According to the present invention, as described above, by using 2 types of fine particles having specific particle diameters different from each other and a curable resin component at a predetermined ratio in a cured resin layer having irregularities constituting a transparent conductive laminate, it is possible to obtain a transparent conductive laminate which prevents deterioration of visibility of a display due to flicker, prevents generation of newton's rings between 2 transparent electrode substrates constituting a transparent touch panel, and has a reduced haze value and excellent transparency, and a transparent touch panel using the same.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a laser micrograph of the surface of a cured resin layer-1 of example 1.

FIG. 2 is a laser micrograph of the surface of the cured resin layer-1 of comparative example 1.

FIG. 3 is a laser micrograph of the surface of the cured resin layer-1 of comparative example 2.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below.

The cured resin layer-1 having irregularities of the present invention contains a curable resin component, at least one fine particle A having an average primary particle diameter of 0.5 to 5 μm, and ultrafine particles C having an average primary particle diameter of 100nm or less and containing a metal oxide or a metal fluoride.

The ionizing radiation curable resin can be obtained by polymerizing monofunctional or polyfunctional acrylates such as polyol acrylate, polyester acrylate, urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, modified styrene acrylate, melamine acrylate, silicon-containing acrylate, and the like.

Preferable specific monomers include polyfunctional monomers such as trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide modified triacrylate, trimethylolpropane propylene oxide modified triacrylate, isocyanuric acid ethylene oxide modified triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, dimethylol tricyclodecane diacrylate, tripropylene glycol triacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, epoxy modified acrylates, urethane modified acrylates, and the like. These monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In some cases, a hydrolysate of various alkoxysilanes may be added to the acrylic acid ester in an appropriate amount. In the polymerization by ionizing radiation, it is preferable to use a known photopolymerization initiator in an appropriate amount, and if necessary, a photosensitizer in an appropriate amount may be added.

Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include acetophenone, benzophenone, benzoin, benzoylbenzoate, and thioxanthone. Examples of the photosensitizer include triethylamine and tri-n-butylphosphine.

Examples of the thermosetting resin include organosilane thermosetting resins obtained by polymerizing a silane compound such as methyltriethoxysilane or phenyltriethoxysilane as a monomer, melamine thermosetting resins obtained by polymerizing an etherified methylolmelamine as a monomer, isocyanate thermosetting resins, phenol thermosetting resins, and epoxy thermosetting resins. These thermosetting resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the case of polymerization or crosslinking by heat, it is preferable to use a reaction accelerator and a curing agent in an appropriate amount.

Examples of the reaction accelerator include triethylenediamine, dibutyltin dilaurate, benzylmethylamine, and pyridine. Examples of the curing agent include methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, 4 ' -diaminodiphenylmethane, 4 ' -diamino-3, 3 ' -diethyldiphenylmethane, and diaminodiphenylsulfone.

Although the cured resin layer-1 can sufficiently secure good adhesion to the transparent conductive layer even when only the curable resin component is used as the resin component, the cured resin layer-1 may contain a thermoplastic resin in order to secure stronger adhesion to the transparent conductive layer. Examples of such thermoplastic resins include cellulose derivatives such as acetyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, acetyl butyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, and methyl cellulose; vinyl resins such as homopolymers and copolymers of vinyl acetate, homopolymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride, and homopolymers and copolymers of vinylidene chloride; acetal resins such as polyvinyl formal and polyvinyl butyral; acrylic resins such as acrylic resins (including copolymers) and methacrylic resins (including copolymers); a polystyrene resin; a polyamide resin; polycarbonate resins, and the like.

The fine particles A used in the present invention may be used without any particular limitation as long as the average primary particle diameter is 0.5 to 5 μm. Examples thereof include SiO₂With SiO₂Fine particles containing a polymer such as styrene, acrylic or butadiene as a main component. Fine particles subjected to surface modification or the like may be used. 2 or more of these fine particles A may be mixed and used. For example, fine particles a having different average primary particle diameters may be mixed to widen the particle size distribution. The content of the fine particles a is 0.3 parts by weight or more to less than 1.0 part by weight, preferably 0.3 parts by weight to 0.9 parts by weight, more preferably 0.3 parts by weight to 0.8 parts by weight, relative to 100 parts by weight of the curable resin component. If the content is less than 0.3 part by weight, haze can be reduced, so that the transparent touch panel has good visibility, but lacks a function of preventing Newton rings (anti-Newtonriags). On the other hand, if the amount is 1.0 part by weight or more, the Newton's rings-preventing function is excellent, but the haze is high, so that when the transparent touch panel is provided on a display, information such as a display image and characters of the display is not clear, which is not preferable.

As the ultrafine particles C having an average primary particle diameter of 100nm or less, a metal oxide or a metal fluoride can be used. Specific examples thereof include Al₂O₃、Bi₂O₃、CeO₂、In₂O₃、(In₂O₃·SnO₂)、HfO₂、La₂O₃、MgF₂、Sb₂O₅、(Sb₂O₅·SnO₂)、SiO₂、SnO₂、TiO₂、Y₂O₃、ZnO、ZrO₂And the like. They may be used alone, or 2 or more kinds may be used together. Of course, metal oxides and metal fluorides may be used together. Further, as for the refractive index of the ultrafine particles C, when the refractive index of the ultrafine particles C is larger than the refractive index of the curable resin component, since the haze of the obtained cured resin layer-1 tends to be high, the lower the refractive index is, the wider the selection range of the curable resin component is, and therefore, the preferable is the ultrafine particles C. As such ultrafine particles C, for example, SiO is preferably mentioned₂、MgF₂And the like. Since these ultrafine particles C generally tend to aggregate due to their extremely large specific surface area, they are often obtained as a slurry dispersed in a solvent by adding a dispersant. Examples of the dispersant include various dispersants such as fatty acid amines, sulfonic acid amides, e-caprolactones, hydrogenated stearic acids, polycarboxylic acids, and polyesteramines. As the dispersion medium (solvent), a general dispersion medium typified by alcohols, water, ketones, aromatics, and the like can be used.

As described above, since leveling of the cured resin layer by the ultrafine particles C is one of the important factors forming the basis of the present invention, it is necessary to disperse the fine particles C so that secondary aggregation does not occur. The ultrafine particles C may form aggregates due to production conditions and the like, and such fine particles are not suitable as the ultrafine particles C. The ultrafine particles C are preferably dispersed, and do not form secondary aggregates having a major axis of 1 μm or more. This state can be confirmed by observation by the same method as the average primary particle diameter measurement method using a transmission electron microscope described later.

In order to prevent the cured resin layer from being clouded and whitened, the average primary particle diameter of the ultrafine particles C is required to be 100nm or less. The average primary particle diameter of the ultrafine particles C is preferably 80nm or less, more preferably 60nm or less. While the lower limit thereof is not particularly limited, it is preferably 5 nm. The average primary particle diameter of the ultrafine particles C can be measured using a laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus. In addition, for simple measurement of the particle diameter, the actual size may be measured by using a transmission electron microscope or the like. Specifically, a cured resin layer containing ultrafine particles C is embedded with an epoxy resin or the like, the epoxy resin is completely cured, and then the cured resin layer is sliced with a slicer to prepare a measurement sample, and the measurement sample is observed with a transmission electron microscope. The average primary particle diameter can be determined by measuring the size of the ultrafine particles C at 10 or more points at random and averaging the measured values.

The content of the ultrafine particles C dispersed in the cured resin layer-1 is 1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 10 parts by weight, and more preferably 3 to 7 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the cured resin component. When the content of the ultrafine particle C is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of leveling the cured resin layer-1 is not sufficient, and therefore, the surface roughness becomes large, and glitter occurs due to the cured resin layer-1, which is not preferable. When the amount exceeds 20 parts by weight, the cured resin layer-1 becomes excessively flat and the surface roughness becomes small, and thus it is not suitable as a Newton ring prevention layer for a transparent electrode substrate for a transparent touch panel.

In order to form the cured resin layer-1 having no flicker generation and the function of preventing newton's rings, it is very important to control the thickness of the cured resin layer-1. In order to form irregularities on cured resin layer-1, the thickness of cured resin layer-1 is preferably smaller than the average primary particle diameter of fine particles a contained therein. The thickness of the cured resin layer-1 having irregularities is 0.5 to 5.0. mu.m, preferably 1.0 to 4.0. mu.m, and more preferably 1.5 to 3.0. mu.m. When the thickness is less than 0.5 μm, the mechanical strength of the anti-newton ring layer becomes weak, and it is not suitable for use in the transparent electrode substrate of the transparent touch panel. When the thickness exceeds 5.0. mu.m, it is necessary to use large particles having an average primary particle diameter of more than 5 μm for forming irregularities on the surface of the cured resin layer-1, and the large particles cause an increase in haze of the cured resin layer-1 and deteriorate the visibility of the display, which is not preferable.

The ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the cured resin layer-1 as defined in accordance with JIS B0601-1982 is preferably 100nm or more and less than 1,000 nm; more preferably 100nm or more and less than 800 nm; further preferably 150nm or more and less than 500 nm. When the ten-point average roughness (Rz) is less than 100nm, newton rings are easily generated between the movable electrode substrate and the fixed electrode substrate of the transparent touch panel; when the ten-point average roughness (Rz) is 1,000nm or more, the haze increases, and when a transparent touch panel is provided on a high-definition display, color separation of pixels occurs, which is not preferable because of the cause of flicker or the like.

The arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the cured resin layer-1 as defined in accordance with JIS B0601-1994 is preferably 50nm or more and less than 500 nm; more preferably 50nm or more and less than 400 nm; further preferably 50nm or more and less than 300nm, particularly preferably 60nm or more and less than 200 nm. When the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) is less than 50nm, newton rings are likely to be generated between the movable electrode substrate and the fixed electrode substrate of the transparent touch panel.

A haze defined in JIS K7136 based on the cured resin layer-1 having irregularities and the transparent polymer substrate is 1% or more and less than 8%; preferably 1% or more and less than 5%; more preferably 1% or more and less than 3%. When the haze is less than 1%, newton's rings are likely to occur between the movable electrode substrate and the fixed electrode substrate of the transparent touch panel, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the haze is 8% or more, information such as images and characters is unclear when the transparent touch panel is provided on the display.

The method for forming the cured resin layer-1 having irregularities of the present invention is particularly preferably a coating method. In this case, any known coating method such as a doctor blade method, a bar coating method, a gravure roll coating method, a curtain coating method, a through coating method, a spin coating method, a spray coating method, and a dipping method can be used.

Specifically, for example, a dispersion of the microparticles a, a dispersion of the ultrafine particles C, and a reaction initiator are added to (a solution of) a monomer or (a solution of) an oligomer of the curable resin, and a solvent is further added and sufficiently mixed as necessary to adjust the viscosity and the like. Then, the solution composition is applied to the surface of a transparent polymer substrate by the above-mentioned method, and the resin is reacted and cured by irradiation with heat and light to form a cured resin layer.

As the transparent polymer substrate used in the present invention, a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer film having excellent transparency can be preferably used. The polymer is not particularly limited as long as it is a transparent polymer having excellent heat resistance. Examples thereof include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene 2, 6-naphthalate and polydiallyl phthalate, polycarbonate resins, polyether sulfone resins, polysulfone resins, polyarylate resins, acrylic resins, cellulose acetate resins, amorphous polyolefins, and the like. These resins can of course be used as homopolymers, copolymers, either alone or as mixtures. These transparent polymer substrates can be formed by a general melt extrusion method or a solution casting method, and it is also preferable to subject the formed transparent polymer film to uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching to improve the mechanical strength or to improve the optical function, if necessary.

When the transparent conductive laminate of the present invention is used as a movable electrode substrate of a transparent touch panel, a film having a thickness of 75 to 400 μm is preferable as a substrate shape from the viewpoint of strength for maintaining flexibility and flatness when the transparent touch panel is operated as a switch.

When the transparent conductive laminate of the present invention is used as a movable electrode substrate of a transparent touch panel, the polymer film substrate, the glass substrate, or a substrate in which a transparent conductive layer is formed on the laminate substrate can be used as a fixed electrode substrate. The thickness of the fixed electrode substrate including a single layer or a laminate is preferably 0.4 to 4.0mm in terms of strength and weight of the transparent touch panel.

When the transparent conductive laminate of the present invention is used as a fixed electrode substrate of a transparent touch panel, a sheet-like material having a thickness of 0.4 to 4.0mm is preferable from the viewpoint of strength for maintaining flatness, and a film-like material having a thickness of 50 to 400 μm may be bonded to another sheet to form a structure having a total thickness of 0.4 to 4.0 mm. Alternatively, a film-like material having a thickness of 50 to 400 μm may be used by being attached to the surface of the display.

Recently, a novel transparent touch panel has been developed in which a polarizing plate or a structure of a polarizing plate and a retardation film is laminated on an input side (user side) of the transparent touch panel. The advantage of this structure is that the external light reflectivity inside the transparent touch panel is reduced to half or less by the optical action of the polarizing plate, or the polarizing plate and the phase difference film, so as to improve the contrast of the display in the state of being provided with the transparent touch panel.

In this type of transparent touch panel, since polarized light passes through the transparent conductive laminate, the transparent polymer film preferably has excellent properties in terms of optical isotropy, and specifically, when the refractive index in the retardation axis ( phase) direction of the substrate is nx, the refractive index in the intake axis (axial) direction is ny, and the substrate thickness is d (nm), the in-plane retardation value Re represented by Re ═ ny · d (nm) is preferably at least 30nm or less, more preferably 20nm or less, still more preferably 10nm or less, and still more preferably 5nm or less. Ideally 0nm is preferred. The in-plane retardation value of the substrate was represented by a value at a wavelength of 590nm as measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry (M-150, manufactured by Nippon Seisakusho Co., Ltd.).

As shown in the examples, in the application to a transparent touch panel of the transparent conductive laminate type in which polarized light passes through, the in-plane retardation value of the transparent electrode substrate is very important, and in addition to the three-dimensional refractive index characteristic of the transparent electrode substrate, that is, when the refractive index in the substrate thickness direction is nz, the K value represented by K { (nx + ny)/2-nz }. d is preferably from-250 to +150nm, more preferably from-200 to +130nm, further preferably from-100 nm to +100nm, and further preferably from-50 nm to +50nm in terms of obtaining excellent viewing angle characteristics of the transparent touch panel. Ideally 0nm is preferred.

As the transparent polymer substrate exhibiting excellent characteristics in terms of optical isotropy, particularly preferred are molded substrates obtained by molding polycarbonate, amorphous polyarylate, polyethersulfone, polysulfone, triacetyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, a cycloolefin polymer, a modified product thereof, a copolymer with another material, or the like into a film form; a molded substrate of a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, a molded substrate obtained by molding an ultraviolet-curable resin such as an acrylic resin into a film or a sheet, or the like. From the viewpoints of moldability, production cost, thermal stability and the like, molded substrates of polycarbonate, amorphous polyarylate, polyethersulfone, polysulfone, cycloolefin polymer, modified products thereof, copolymers with other materials, and the like are most preferable.

More specifically, the polycarbonate is, for example, a polymer or copolymer having, as a monomer unit, at least one member selected from the group consisting of bisphenol A, 1-bis (4-phenol) cyclohexylene ester, 3, 5-trimethyl-1, 1-bis (4-phenol) cyclohexylene ester, fluorene-9, 9-bis (4-phenol) and fluorene-9, 9-bis (3-methyl-4-phenol), or a mixture thereof. Among these polycarbonates, a polycarbonate having an average molecular weight of about 15,000 to 100,000 (for example, "パンライト" manufactured by imperial chemical industries, Ltd., "Apec HT" manufactured by バイエル Co., Ltd.) is particularly preferably used as a molding substrate.

The amorphous polyarylate can be obtained as a molded substrate such as "エルメック" manufactured by カネカ (original schountan chemical industries, ltd), "U ポリマ one" manufactured by ユニチカ, and "イサリル" manufactured by イソノバ.

The cycloolefin polymer can be obtained as a molded substrate such as "ゼオノア" manufactured by japan ゼオン corporation and "ア - トン" manufactured by JSR corporation.

Examples of the method for producing a molded substrate using these polymer compounds include melt extrusion, solution casting, and injection molding. From the viewpoint of obtaining excellent optical isotropy, a melt extrusion method and a solution casting method are preferable.

In the present invention, a transparent conductive layer may be provided on the cured resin layer-1 having irregularities directly or through the cured resin layer-2 and the optical interference layer. By providing the transparent conductive layer on the cured resin layer-2, the mechanical properties such as writing resistance of the transparent conductive laminate can be improved. Examples of the transparent conductive layer include an ITO layer containing 2 to 20 wt% of tin oxide, and a tin oxide layer doped with antimony, fluorine, or the like. Examples of the method for forming the transparent conductive layer include a PVD (physical vapor Deposition) method such as a sputtering method, a vacuum Deposition method, and an ion plating method, a coating method, a printing method, and a CVD (chemical vapor Deposition) method. Among these methods, PVD method or CVD method is preferable. When the PVD method or CVD method is used, the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is preferably 5 to 50nm, more preferably 10 to 30nm, from the viewpoint of transparency and conductivity. If the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is less than 5nm, the resistance value tends to be deteriorated with time; on the other hand, if it exceeds 50nm, the transmittance of the transparent conductive laminate is lowered, which is not preferable. In view of reducing power consumption of the transparent touch panel and the need for loop processing, it is preferable to use a transparent conductive layer having a surface resistance value of 100 to 2,000 Ω/□ (Ω/Sq), more preferably 140 to 2,000 Ω/□ (Ω/Sq), when the thickness is 10 to 30 nm.

The transparent conductive layer is preferably a crystalline film containing indium oxide as a main component, and particularly preferably a layer containing crystalline ITO. Further, the crystal grain size is preferably 3,000nm or less. If the crystal particle diameter exceeds 3,000nm, the writing resistance is deteriorated, which is not preferable. The "crystal grain size" here is defined as the maximum value among the diagonal lines or diameters in each region of a polygon or an ellipse observed under a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM).

In the present invention, the phrase "comprising indium oxide as a main component" means that the indium oxide contains tin, tellurium, cadmium, molybdenum, tungsten, fluorine, zinc, or the like as a dopant, or the indium oxide contains silicon, titanium, zinc, or the like as a dopant in addition to tin.

The term "crystalline film" means that 50% or more, preferably 75% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and particularly preferably almost 100% of the layer containing indium oxide containing a dopant is crystalline.

In the present invention, in order to improve optical characteristics such as total light transmittance, a cured resin layer-2 may be provided between the curable resin layer-1 having irregularities and the transparent conductive layer as described above. The cured resin layer-2 can be formed by the same method as that for the cured resin layer-1.

Examples of the resin for forming the cured resin layer-2 include ionizing radiation curable resins, thermosetting resins, and the like. Examples of the ionizing radiation curable resin include monofunctional and polyfunctional acrylate-based ionizing radiation curable resins such as polyol acrylate, polyester acrylate, urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, modified styrene acrylate, melamine acrylate, and silicon-containing acrylate.

Examples of the thermosetting resin include organosilane thermosetting resins (alkoxysilanes) such as methyltriethoxysilane and phenyltriethoxysilane, melamine thermosetting resins such as etherified methylolmelamine, isocyanate thermosetting resins, phenol thermosetting resins, and epoxy thermosetting resins. These thermosetting resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. If necessary, a thermoplastic resin may be mixed. When the resin layer is crosslinked by heat, a known reaction accelerator and a curing agent may be added in an appropriate amount. Examples of the reaction accelerator include triethylenediamine, dibutyltin dilaurate, benzylmethylamine, and pyridine. Examples of the curing agent include methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, 4 ' -diaminodiphenylmethane, 4 ' -diamino-3, 3 ' -diethyldiphenylmethane, and diaminodiphenylsulfone.

As for the above alkoxysilane, the cured resin layer-2 is formed by subjecting it to hydrolysis and polycondensation. Examples of the alkoxysilane include tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, γ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, β - (3, 4 epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, N- β (aminoethyl) γ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- β (aminoethyl) γ -aminopropyldimethoxysilane, and γ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

These alkoxysilanes are preferably used in a mixture of two or more from the viewpoint of the mechanical strength, adhesion, solvent resistance, etc. of the layer, and particularly from the viewpoint of solvent resistance, it is preferable that the alkoxysilane having an amino group in the molecule is contained in an amount of 0.5 to 40% by weight in the total composition of the alkoxysilane.

The alkoxysilane may be used as a monomer, or may be used after being subjected to hydrolysis and dehydration condensation in advance to be appropriately oligomerized, but is usually dissolved in an appropriate organic solvent and the diluted coating solution is applied onto a substrate. The coating film formed on the substrate is hydrolyzed by moisture in the air or the like, and then crosslinked by dehydration condensation.

In general, in order to promote crosslinking, it is necessary to perform an appropriate heat treatment, and in the coating step, it is preferable to perform a heat treatment at 100 ℃ or higher for several minutes or longer. In addition, the heat treatment may be performed and the coating film may be irradiated with active light such as ultraviolet light, thereby further improving the degree of crosslinking.

As the diluting solvent, for example, alcohols and hydrocarbon solvents can be used. Specific examples thereof include ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, hexane, cyclohexane, petroleum ether (リグロイン) and the like as preferable diluting solvents. In addition, polar solvents such as xylene, toluene, cyclohexanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, isobutyl acetate and the like can be used. These solvents may be used alone or as a mixed solvent of 2 or more.

In order to adjust the refractive index of the cured resin layer-2, one or more kinds of fine particles C or fluorine-based resin containing metal oxide or metal fluoride having an average 1-order particle diameter of 100nm or less may be contained in the cured resin layer-2. The refractive index of the cured resin layer-2 is smaller than that of the cured resin layer-1, and is preferably 1.20 to 1.55, and more preferably 1.20 to 1.45. The thickness of the cured resin layer-2 is preferably 0.05 to 0.5. mu.m, more preferably 0.05 to 0.3. mu.m.

The average primary particle diameter of the ultrafine particles C is preferably 100nm or less, more preferably 50nm or less. By controlling the 1 st-order particle diameter of the ultrafine particles C to 100nm or less, a satisfactory cured resin layer-2 free from whitening can be formed.

Examples of the ultrafine particles C include Bi₂O₃、CeO₂、In₂O₃、(In₂O₃·SnO₂)、HfO₂、La₂O₃、MgF₂、Sb₂O₅、(Sb₂O₅·SnO₂)、SiO₂、SnO₂、TiO₂、Y₂O₃、ZnO、ZrO₂And the like. Of these, MgF is preferred₂、SiO₂Ultrafine particles of a metal oxide or a metal fluoride having an isorefractive index of 1.55 or less.

The content of the ultrafine particles C is preferably 10 to 400 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 400 parts by weight, and still more preferably 50 to 300 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the thermosetting resin and/or the ionizing radiation curable resin. If the content of microparticles C is more than 400 parts by weight, the layer strength and adhesion may be insufficient; on the other hand, if the content of the ultrafine particles C is less than 10 parts by weight, a predetermined refractive index may not be obtained.

Examples of the fluorine-based resin include polymers containing 5 to 70% by weight of a monomer polymerization component having a fluorine atom such as vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, tetrafluoroethylene, vinyl fluoride, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, 1, 2-dichloro-1, 2-difluoroethylene, 2-bromo-3, 3, 3-trifluoroethylene, 3-bromo-3, 3-difluoropropylene, 3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene, 1, 2-trichloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene, α -trifluoromethylacrylic acid, and the like.

The content of the fluorine-based resin is preferably 50 to 300 parts by weight, more preferably 100 to 300 parts by weight, and still more preferably 150 to 250 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the thermosetting resin and/or the ionizing radiation curable resin. When the content of the fluorine-based resin is more than 300 parts by weight, the layer strength and adhesion may be insufficient; on the other hand, if the content of the fluorine-based resin is less than 50 parts by weight, the predetermined refractive index may not be obtained.

In the present invention, in order to control the refractive index and improve the transparency, an optical interference layer may be provided between the cured resin layer-1 having irregularities and the transparent conductive layer as described above.

The optical interference layers useful in the present invention are preferably composed of at least one high refractive index layer and at least one low refractive index layer. The combined unit of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer may also be two or more. When the optical interference layer is composed of one high refractive index layer and one low refractive index layer, the thickness of the optical interference layer is preferably 30nm to 300nm, more preferably 50nm to 200 nm.

The high refractive index layer constituting the optical interference layer of the present invention is mainly a layer formed by, for example, hydrolyzing and polycondensing a metal alkoxide. Examples of the metal alkoxide include a titanium alkoxide and a zirconium alkoxide.

Examples of the titanium alkoxide include titanium tetraisopropoxide, titanium tetra-n-propyl orthotitanate, titanium tetra-n-butoxide, and titanium tetra (2-ethylhexyloxide) titanate.

Examples of the zirconium alkoxide include zirconium tetraisopropoxide and zirconium tetra-n-butoxide.

When the refractive index is adjusted by adding the metal oxide ultrafine particles C described later, an alkoxysilane may be used as the metal alkoxide.

The ultrafine particles C having an average primary particle diameter of 100nm or less, which contain the metal oxide or metal fluoride, may be added alone or in combination in an appropriate amount of two or more in the high refractive index layer. The refractive index of the high refractive index layer can be adjusted by adding the ultrafine particles C.

When the ultrafine particles C are added to the high refractive index layer, the weight ratio of the ultrafine particles C to the metal alkoxide is preferably 0: 100 to 60: 40, and more preferably 0: 100 to 40: 60. If the weight ratio of the ultrafine particles e to the metal alkoxide exceeds 60: 40, the strength and adhesion required for the optical interference layer may be insufficient, which is not preferable.

The thickness of the high refractive index layer is preferably 15 to 250nm, and more preferably 30 to 150 nm.

The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is larger than those of the low refractive index layer and the cured resin layer-2 described later, and the difference is preferably 0.2 or more.

The low refractive index layer constituting the optical interference layer of the present invention may be the same as the cured resin layer-2. The thickness of the low refractive index layer is preferably 15 to 250nm, and more preferably 30 to 150 nm.

When the transparent conductive laminate of the present invention is used as a movable electrode substrate, in the case of using it in a transparent touch panel, it is preferable to provide a hard coat layer on the surface to which an external force is applied, that is, the surface of the transparent organic polymer substrate opposite to the transparent conductive layer. Examples of the material for forming the hard coat layer include organosilane thermosetting resins such as methyltriethoxysilane and phenyltriethoxysilane, melamine thermosetting resins such as etherified methylolmelamine, and polyfunctional acrylate ultraviolet-curable resins such as polyol acrylates, polyester acrylates, urethane acrylates, and epoxy acrylates. In addition, SiO may be mixed therein as required₂、MgF₂And the like. The fine particles are uniformly dispersed in the hard coat layer. The thickness of the hard coat layer is preferably 2 to 5 μm from the viewpoint of flexibility and abrasion resistance.

The hard coat layer may be formed by a coating method. The actual coating method is as follows: the coating liquid is obtained by dissolving the above-mentioned compound in various organic solvents and adjusting the concentration and viscosity. After the coating liquid is applied to a transparent organic polymer film, the layer is cured by irradiation with a radiation, heat treatment, or the like. Examples of the coating method include various coating methods such as a micro gravure roll coating method, an マイヤ bar coating method, a direct gravure roll coating method, a reverse roll coating method, a curtain coating method, a spray coating method, a コンマ coating method, a ロ die coating method, a blade coating method, and a spin coating method.

The hardcoat layer can be laminated to the transparent polymeric substrate directly or through a suitable tie layer. Examples of the binder layer include various phase compensation layers such as a layer having a function of improving adhesion of the hard coat layer to the transparent organic polymer substrate and a layer having a three-dimensional refractive index characteristic with a negative K value, a layer having a function of preventing moisture and air from passing therethrough or a function of absorbing moisture and air, a layer having a function of absorbing ultraviolet rays and infrared rays, and a layer having a function of reducing charging of the substrate.

As the hard coat layer, a cured resin layer-3 having an anti-glare (アンチグラア anti-glare) function may be used.

The antiglare (アンチグラア) function is typically imparted by roughening the hardcoat surface. Examples of the method for roughening the surface of the hard coat layer include a method in which at least 1 or more types of fine particles having an average primary particle size of 0.001 to 5.0 μm are contained in the resin component for forming the hard coat layer, or ultrafine particles C having an average primary particle size of 100nm or less are contained in the resin component for forming the hard coat layer in the form of aggregates having an average primary particle size of less than 1.0 μm.

If the cured resin layer-3 having an antiglare (アンチグラア) function is used as the hard coat layer, the haze of the transparent conductive laminate is generally increased, but it may be used as long as the haze is within a range that can achieve the object of the present invention. At this time, the haze value defined in JIS K7136 based on the transparent polymer substrate, the cured resin layer-1 and the cured resin layer-3 is preferably 4% or more and less than 18%, more preferably 4% or more and less than 15%, and particularly preferably 4% or more and less than 12%.

Examples

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, "parts" and "%" are by weight unless otherwise specified. The various measurements in the other examples were carried out as follows.

Arithmetic mean roughness (Ra): the measurement was performed using a stylus altimeter DEKTAK3 manufactured by Sloan corporation. The measurement was carried out according to JIS B0601-1994 edition.

Ten point average roughness (Rz): measured using SurfcorderSE-3400, manufactured by Kyowa Seisakusho K.K.. The measurement was carried out according to JIS B0601-1982 edition.

Turbidity: the turbidity (Haze) value was measured using a turbidity measuring instrument (MDH 2000) manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Evaluation of flicker: a transparent touch panel was provided on a liquid crystal display of about 123dpi (diagonal 10.4 inches, XGA (1024 × 768 dots)), and the presence or absence of flickers was visually observed. The value of the flicker which could not be confirmed was defined as good, and the value of the flicker which could be confirmed was defined as bad.

Evaluation of Newton Ring prevention: in a 3-wavelength fluorescent lamp, the presence or absence of newton's rings in the contact area between the movable electrode substrate and the fixed electrode substrate was visually observed from a direction inclined by 60 degrees with respect to the surface of the transparent touch panel (0 degree in the vertical direction), and evaluated. The evaluation results were good when Newton rings could not be observed, and poor when Newton rings could be observed.

Evaluation of leveling of cured resin layer-1: the flatness of the resin was observed using a laser microscope manufactured by レ - ザ - テック (ltd.) and 1LM 21D.

Example 1

A tetrafunctional acrylate アロニックス M405 (manufactured by Toyo Seisaku Co., Ltd.) in an amount of 100 parts by weight, イルガキユア 184 (manufactured by チバ, スペシヤルテイ, ケミカルズ Co., Ltd.) in an amount of 5 parts by weight, and グレ - ド, a product of Nidoku Kabushiki Kaisha (ハイプレシカ 3.0.0 μ M)N3N) was dissolved in a 1: 1 mixed solvent of isopropyl alcohol and 1-methoxy-2-propanol in an amount of 0.7 part by weight to prepare coating liquid A. Mixed coating liquid A and MgF having a mean average primary particle diameter of 30nm₂Fine particles (シ - アイ, 20 wt% ethanol/n-butanol mixed solvent dispersion) were added to make 5 parts by weight of the solid content per 100 parts by weight of the cured resin component to prepare coating liquid B.

On a transparent polymer substrate, coating liquid B was applied by a bar coating method to a surface of a polyethylene terephthalate film (OFW-188, manufactured by Kittman デユポンフイルム Co., Ltd.) so that the thickness after curing became 2.5 μm, dried at 50 ℃ for 1 minute, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure it, thereby forming a cured resin layer-1 having irregularities. The laser micrograph of the surface of the cured resin layer-1 is shown in FIG. 1. When the flat state in fig. 1 is compared with fig. 2 of comparative example 1 and fig. 3 of comparative example 2 described later, it is understood that the flatness in fig. 2 is insufficient, whereas fig. 3 is excessively flat. That is, the interference fringes showing the degree of roughness in fig. 1 draw a ring of an appropriate size, and show an appropriate flat state.

A hard coat layer 1 having a thickness of 4 μm was formed on the surface opposite to the surface on which the cured resin layer-1 was formed, using an ultraviolet-curable polyfunctional acrylic resin coating.

Then, gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane ("KBM 403" available from shin-Etsu chemical Co., Ltd.) and methyltrimethoxysilane ("KBM 13" available from shin-Etsu chemical Co., Ltd.) were mixed at a molar ratio of 1: 1, and the alkoxysilane was hydrolyzed with an aqueous acetic acid solution (pH 3.0) by a known method to obtain a hydrolysate 1 of alkoxysilane. N-. beta. (aminoethyl) γ -aminopropylmethoxysilane ("KBM 603" manufactured by shin-Etsu chemical Co., Ltd.) was added in an amount of 1 part by weight based on 20 parts by weight of the solid content of the alkoxysilane hydrolyzate 1,

then, the resulting mixture was diluted with a mixed solution of isopropyl alcohol and n-butanol to prepare an alkoxysilane coating liquid C.

An alkoxysilane coating liquid C was applied to the cured resin layer-1 by a bar coating method, and after firing at 130 ℃ for 2 minutes, a cured resin layer-2 was produced. On the cured resin layer-2, an ITO layer was formed by a sputtering method using an indium oxide-tin oxide target having a composition of indium oxide and tin oxide at a weight ratio of 95: 5 and a packing density of 98%, thereby preparing a transparent conductive laminate capable of serving as a movable electrode substrate. The thickness of the formed ITO layer was about 20nm, and the instantaneous surface resistance value after film formation was about 350. omega./□ (. omega./sq). The prepared movable electrode substrate was subjected to heat treatment at 150 ℃ for 90 minutes to crystallize the ITO layer. The surface resistance value after ITO crystallization was about 280. omega./□ (Ω/sq). The results of measuring the haze, Ra, and Rz of the transparent conductive laminate are shown in table 1.

On the other hand, SiO is carried out on both sides of a glass plate having a thickness of 1.1mm₂Dip coating, followed by sputtering to form an ITO layer with a thickness of 18 nm. Subsequently, dot spacers (ドットスペ - サ) having a height of 7 μm, a diameter of 70 μm and a pitch of 1.5mm were formed on the ITO layer, thereby preparing a fixed electrode substrate. A transparent touch panel was prepared using the prepared fixed electrode substrate and the transparent conductive laminate described above as a movable electrode substrate. The evaluation results of the flicker property and the newton ring prevention property of the prepared transparent touch panel are shown in table 1.

Example 2

A transparent conductive laminate and a transparent touch panel were prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that 0.2 part by weight of (ハイプレシカ 2.0.0 μm product, グレ - ド N3N) manufactured by yodo chemical corporation, japan was added to the coating liquid a of example 1. The measurement results of haze, Ra, and Rz of the transparent conductive laminate and the evaluation results of the glittering property and the newton ring prevention property of the transparent touch panel are shown in table 1.

Example 3

A transparent conductive laminate and a transparent touch panel were produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the transparent polymer substrate in example 1 was replaced with ゼオノア (ZF14-100) manufactured by japan ゼオン (ltd.). The measurement results of haze, Ra, and Rz of the transparent conductive laminate and the evaluation results of the glittering property and the newton ring prevention property of the transparent touch panel are shown in table 1.

Example 4

A transparent conductive laminate and a transparent touch panel were produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the transparent polymer substrate in example 1 was replaced with a polycarbonate film (ピユアエ - ス C110-100) manufactured by sumizi corporation. The measurement results of haze, Ra, and Rz of the transparent conductive laminate and the evaluation results of the glittering property and the newton ring prevention property of the transparent touch panel are shown in table 1.

Comparative example 1

A cured resin layer-1 was formed using coating liquid a instead of coating liquid B of example 1. A laser micrograph of the cured resin layer-1 prepared is shown in FIG. 2. As compared with fig. 1 of example 1, the cured resin layer-1 had insufficient flatness, and the interference fringes indicating the degree of unevenness were very strong. The same operation as in example 1 was carried out, except that the resin layer-1 was cured, to prepare a transparent conductive laminate and a transparent touch panel.

The measurement results of haze, Ra, and Rz of the transparent conductive laminate, and the evaluation results of the glittering property and the newton ring prevention property of the transparent touch panel are shown in table 1.

Comparative example 2

Use of a mixture of MgF₂Fine particles were added to the cured resin component in an amount of 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the cured resin component to obtain coating liquid B, and cured resin layer-1 was formed in place of coating liquid B in example 1. A laser micrograph of the cured resin layer-1 prepared is shown in FIG. 3. As compared with fig. 1 of example 1, the cured resin layer-1 was excessively flat, and had no interference fringe ring indicating the degree of roughness.

The same operation as in example 1 was carried out, except that the resin layer-1 was cured, to prepare a transparent conductive laminate and a transparent touch panel. The results of measuring the haze, Ra, and Rz of the transparent conductive laminate, and the evaluation results of the glittering property and the newton ring prevention property of the transparent touch panel are shown in table 1.

Reference example 1

The same operation as in example 1 was performed, except that the transparent conductive layer (ITO) was not formed, to prepare a transparent laminate. The haze of the transparent laminate is shown in table 1. From a comparison between example 1 and reference example 1, it is understood that the transparent conductive layer has no influence on haze.

TABLE 1

	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2	Reference example 1
								Turbidity (%)	2.2	2.8	1.1	1.0	2.5	2.4	2.2
Ra(nm)	150	181	152	148	195	132	-
								Rz(nm)	370	422	381	359	452	303	-
Newton's ring prevention property	Good effect	Good effect	Good effect	Good effect	Good effect	Failure of the product	-
								Scintillation property	Good effect	Good effect	Good effect	Good effect	Failure of the product	Good effect	-

By using the transparent conductive laminate of the present invention, it is possible to suppress flickering when the transparent touch panel is provided on a high-definition display, and to improve visibility. It is also possible to prevent generation of Newton rings. The transparent conductive laminate of the present invention is useful as a transparent electrode substrate for a transparent touch panel.

Claims (11)

1. A transparent conductive laminate comprising a transparent polymer substrate, a cured resin layer-1 having irregularities formed on at least one surface of the substrate, and a transparent conductive layer formed on the cured resin layer-1 directly or through another layer, characterized in that:

(A) the cured resin layer-1 comprises (i) a cured resin component, (ii) at least one fine particle A having an average primary particle diameter of 0.5 to 5 [ mu ] m, and (iii) at least one selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal fluorides, and further comprises ultrafine particles C having an average primary particle diameter of 100nm or less;

(B) the content of fine particles A in cured resin layer-1 is 0.3 parts by weight or more and less than 1.0 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of cured resin component (i);

(C) the content of the ultrafine particles C in the cured resin layer-1 is 1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the cured resin component (i);

(D) the thickness of the cured resin layer-1 is 0.5-5 μm;

(E) the haze defined by JIS K7136 based on the transparent polymer substrate and the cured resin layer-1 was 1% or more and less than 8%.

2. The transparent conductive laminate according to claim 1, wherein the cured resin layer-1 does not contain a thermoplastic resin.

3. The transparent conductive laminate according to claim 1, wherein the ultrafine particles C are selected from Al₂O₃、Bi₂O₃、CeO₂、In₂O₃、In₂O₃·SnO₂、HfO₂、La₂O₃、MgF₂、Sb₂O₅、Sb₂O₅·SnO₂、SiO₂、SnO₂、TiO₂、Y₂O₃ZnO and ZrO₂At least one of (1).

4. The transparent conductive laminate according to claim 1, wherein an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the cured resin layer-1 defined according to JIS B0601-1994 is 50nm or more and less than 500nm, and a ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the cured resin layer-1 defined according to JIS B0601-1982 is 100nm or more and less than 1,000 nm.

5. The transparent conductive laminate according to claim 1, wherein a cured resin layer-2 having a refractive index of 1.20 to 1.55 and a thickness of 0.05 to 0.5 μm is further provided between the cured resin layer-1 and the transparent conductive layer.

6. The transparent conductive laminate according to claim 1, wherein an optical interference layer comprising at least one low refractive index layer and at least one high refractive index layer is provided between the cured resin layer-1 and the transparent conductive layer, and the low refractive index layer is in contact with the transparent conductive layer.

7. The transparent conductive laminate according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive layer is a crystalline layer containing indium oxide as a main component, and the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is 5 to 50 nm.

8. The transparent conductive laminate according to claim 1, wherein a cured resin layer-3 having an antiglare function is formed on the transparent polymer substrate on the side opposite to the side on which the transparent conductive layer is formed.

9. The transparent conductive laminate according to claim 8, wherein a haze value defined in JIS K7136 based on the transparent polymer substrate, the cured resin layer-1 and the cured resin layer-3 is 4% or more and less than 18%.

10. A transparent touch panel comprising 2 transparent electrode substrates each having a transparent conductive layer formed on at least one surface thereof, wherein the transparent conductive layers are arranged so as to face each other, wherein at least one of the transparent electrode substrates is the transparent conductive laminate according to claim 1.

11. A transparent touch panel comprising 2 transparent electrode substrates each having a transparent conductive layer formed on at least one surface thereof, wherein the transparent conductive layers are arranged so as to face each other, wherein at least one of the transparent electrode substrates is the transparent conductive laminate according to claim 8.