HK1071866B - Resource recycling method, system and container - Google Patents

Description

Recycling method, system and container

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a method and a system for recycling waste, and a method and a system for producing a carbon material using a carbon material such as inert carbon, carbon nanotubes, or activated carbon, and the like, which can be used for a container.

Background

In recent years, waste disposal has been developed to a very strong extent to artificially regenerate useful waste into useful waste. Although the concept of recycling treatment is gradually implemented as separate treatment of wastes, it actually has strict social and economic constraints in terms of time, facilities, cost, and the like for separate treatment, and thus has not been achieved at present.

In addition, in all aspects of social life, the idea of intending to suppress human activities related to deterioration of the global environment is very strong. In particular, in terms of waste disposal, it is an important issue how to suppress the emission and release of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide (NOx), sulfur oxide (SOx), coal ash, heavy metals, and the like, which are generated during waste combustion and the like. For example, it is considered that carbon dioxide generated when incinerating waste containing carbon is a substance that increases the greenhouse effect, and much research is being focused on suppressing the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. In addition, when waste containing chlorine is incinerated, a group of substances having strong toxicity, which are generally called dioxide, is generated. Even in the case of using a re-combustion apparatus or the like, although the emission to the atmosphere is suppressed to some extent, in the present situation, since incineration is performed at a sufficiently high temperature, the incineration temperature is kept constant, how to further suppress the emission of dioxide becomes a problem to be investigated.

Therefore, the conventional waste treatment system can recover a large amount of excellent resources from waste, can be operated without requiring a large amount of labor, equipment and cost, and is a system which is advantageous for the global environment because it is not accompanied by generation and release of dioxide. The system described in patent 2651994 (hereinafter referred to as "patent system") is a system that can partially meet the demand of the society.

However, the above-described patent system must have a basic unit of construction of a furnace called a carbonization chamber or the like, generally includes a plurality of carbonization chambers and associated preparatory chambers, and must be provided with a plurality of chambers or furnaces, and they are all sealed (so as to avoid contact with the atmosphere). Thus, it is difficult to suppress the scale of the equipment (size and weight), the running cost (electric power, cost of fire power, personnel cost), and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

An advantage of the present invention is to provide a recycling method and system that can efficiently perform recycling treatment of wastes and the like by a useful method without releasing unnecessary and toxic effluents and the like, with a small-scale facility and at a low cost.

Further, the present invention is advantageous in that it provides a method and a system for producing a carbon material, which can recycle a polymer compound and easily obtain non-activated carbon.

Still further, it is an advantage of the present invention to provide methods and systems for recycling as described above.

In order to obtain such advantages, in the recycling method and system of the present invention, a recycling method and system for heating in an oxygen-free atmosphere (in the present application, referred to as "a broad concept of a nitrogen atmosphere, an inert gas atmosphere, or the like") is realized by a container equipped with a heater. That is, the present invention has been achieved in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional system in which waste is treated by incineration, and in which various advantages of the patent system are retained, and the composition unit of the treatment object such as petroleum and resin polymer compounds including waste tires, rubber, ethylene, and plastics is changed from a furnace to a container with a heater, thereby achieving an effect that the patent system and its simple modification and application cannot be achieved, such as an efficient recycling method with a small equipment scale and at low cost. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described waste treatment, and can be applied to a method and a system for separating a desired substance from a treatment target substance, and particularly to a method and a system which are all necessary to obtain the substance in an unoxidized state such as non-activated carbon, but as a substance for removing a harmful component.

Another advantage of the present invention is: a method and a system for recycling waste or the like are implemented to produce carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes and activated carbon in large quantities at a low cost by activating the obtained non-activated carbon in a continuous production manner.

First, the recycling method of the present invention includes (1) a first step of replacing an atmosphere in a container filled with a treatment target object such as waste with an oxygen-free atmosphere (for example, a nitrogen atmosphere); (2) a second step of heating the object to be processed in the container to a predetermined temperature by a heater installed in the container while maintaining the oxygen-free atmosphere in the container, thereby dissociating a desired gas from the object to be processed, introducing a first product of the dissociated gas out of the container while maintaining the atmosphere isolated from the object to be processed, and obtaining the first product in a fluid state; (3) and a third step of cooling the inside of the container while keeping the oxygen-free atmosphere in the container until the temperature is lowered to a temperature lower than the temperature at which the carbon starts to burn, and then obtaining the substance remaining in the container as a second product. Preferably, (4) the second step is carried out in a plurality of stages; (5) setting the heating temperature of the object to be processed in each stage of the second step so that the heating temperature in the subsequent stage is higher than the heating temperature in the preceding stage and the heating temperature of the object to be processed in each stage of the second step is set in accordance with the type of the gas released as the first product in the step; (6) the guide passage and the guide obtaining part of the first product are set separately corresponding to the stage of the second step. As an example, (7) the second step is performed with the step of the water of the first product at each stage; a step of obtaining a fluid including chlorine as a first product; at least any one of the steps of obtaining a polymer gas as a first product or a fluid produced from the polymer gas.

Preferred embodiments for implementing the system of the present invention employ various conduits for supply of gas, guidance of exhaust gas, and the like. For example, (8) the first step is performed in a state where a first device for supplying a reducing gas and an inert gas is connected to the container through at least a first line; (9) performing a second step in a state where a first device is connected to the container through a first pipeline and a second device other than the container is connected to the container through a second pipeline; (10) the container is in a sealed state when the pipe connection between the container and the first or second device must be cut in order to move from a previous process to a subsequent process. In addition, as one of preferable system configurations, (11) a different execution point for each step is determined so that a plurality of containers are simultaneously processed in a flow work by moving each container in a predetermined order from a previous step to a subsequent step, and a pipeline necessary for executing the step executed at each execution point is extended to the execution point. The recycling system of the present invention is preferably such that (13) comprises the first apparatus, the second apparatus, the first line and the second line.

The container of the present invention is a transportable container having a heater. A container used when the recycling method and system of the present invention are carried out, (14) an opening with a cover for loading a treatment object and an inactive carbon as a second product is formed, and an inlet connected to a first pipeline and an outlet connected to a second pipeline are formed; in addition, the device is provided with (15) a conveying auxiliary mechanism for moving wheels, handles, grooves, flat surfaces and the like of the container; (16) a heater mounted in the container for heating the object to be processed in the container.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view showing the composition of a waste recycling system according to an embodiment of the present invention, particularly the basic composition of a treatment line and the accompanying equipment.

Fig. 2 is a view showing the basic composition of the pipe network of the present embodiment, and particularly fig. 2(a) is a plan view and fig. 2(B) is a side view.

Fig. 3 is a view showing a structural example of the container of the present embodiment, and particularly fig. 3(a) is a top view, fig. 3(B) is a longitudinal sectional view, fig. 3(C) is a bottom view, fig. 3(D) is a top view of the lid, and fig. 3(E) is an enlarged sectional view of a portion equipped with a heater.

Fig. 4 is a view showing a method of detaching the container, fig. 4(a) is a view showing a state of being mounted on the process line, and fig. 4(B) is a view showing a state of being detached by being rotated.

Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing the composition of a carbon material production system according to an embodiment of the present invention, particularly the basic composition of a processing line and the equipment attached thereto.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of the waste to be treated by the method and system of the present invention include petroleum and resin-based polymer compounds such as rubber, ethylene and plastic, medical waste, agricultural waste, automobile dust, tires (waste tires and the like), computers, mobile phones, chlorine-based compounds, sludge, and the like, and various types of waste are not classified into industrial waste and general waste. The present invention is characterized in that waste containing various chemical components can be used as a treatment object; the object to be processed can be processed without being subdivided in advance; although the device can correspond to various wastes, the device can be light, electricity-saving and low-cost; substantially free of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, coal ash, heavy metal emissions; not only for waste disposal, but also for various purposes (for extracting all non-oxidized substances and the like).

Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating the basic components of a recycling system and a processing line and accompanying equipment of the system according to an embodiment of the method and system for recycling resources of the present invention, fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the basic components of a distribution network, fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a container, and fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method for removing a container from a processing line. In this system, rather than an oven, it is the basic unit of a portable heater-equipped vessel 18 that flows through the process line.

That is, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the recycling process of the system of the present embodiment, the containers 18 are circulated in the order of steps 1 to 6, and a plurality of containers are disposed side by side. Among the steps 1 to 6, the step 1 corresponds to the first step, the steps 2 to 5 correspond to the second step, and the step 6 corresponds to the third step. In the piping constituting the piping network 20 shown in fig. 2, the nitrogen pipe 21 corresponds to the first piping described above, and the oxygen/water vapor pipe 22, the chlorine/miscellaneous gas pipe 23, and the miscellaneous gas pipe 24 correspond to the second piping. The pipes can separate each gas so as to supply/collect each gas, and are provided so that the gas inside does not contact the outside atmosphere. In this embodiment, waste containing chlorine or polymer compounds in addition to carbon and metals may be used as the object to be treated, and the group of substances extracted through the piping in steps 2 to 5 corresponds to the first product, and the group of substances remaining in the container 18 after completion of step 6 corresponds to the second product.

As shown in fig. 3, the container 18 is composed of a cylindrical box-shaped container body 181 with a bottom and the lid 182. That is, the container main body 181 has an opening at the top thereof for loading the waste as the object to be processed into the container 18 and collecting the second product out of the container 18, and the opening is closed by the lid 182 to close the inside of the container 18. As shown in fig. 3(B) and (C), wheels 183 as a transport assisting member for moving the container 18 are provided on the bottom surface of the container main body 181. The wheels 183 are adapted so that when the container 18 is moved along the rails 19 shown in fig. 1 and 2, the container 18 is loaded onto the rails 19 and the container 18 is unloaded from the rails 19, and when the rails 19 are partially rotated to remove the container 18 from the rails 19 due to a trouble or the like as shown in fig. 4, the wheels 183 can be used. The wheels 183 are but one form of transport assist mechanism for easily moving the container 18. That is, in practicing the present invention, a handle or a bar groove may be provided instead of or together with the wheel 183. In the case where a handle is provided on the top surface or the side surface of the container 18, the container 18 can be lifted by a person or a machine and transported, and therefore, in the case where a bar-shaped groove is provided on the bottom surface of the container 18, the container 18 can be lifted by a forklift or the like and transported. The bottom surface of the container 18 may be a simple flat surface, and the container 18 may be moved by a conveyor. In practice, the container body may have a shape other than a cylindrical box shape with a bottom so as to correspond to waste of the object to be treated. For example, the container body may be a container body in a square box-shaped with a bottom in a laterally opened state. If the container body is a box-shaped container body with a square bottom and a horizontal opening, the container body has the advantage that the operation can be performed on the guide rail of the container without lifting when filling waste.

A heater 185 is attached to the peripheral wall, the bottom portion, and a ball 184 standing on the bottom portion of the container main body 181, using the peripheral wall portion as an example, with the structure shown in fig. 3 (E). The container main body 181 has a structure in which a heater 185 of infrared carbon ceramic heater, carbon ferrite, or the like is attached to an inner surface of a furnace 186 formed of iron or a metal similar thereto. The protective mesh 187 presses the heater 185 against the inner surface of the oven 186, thereby preventing the heater 185 from falling off. The protective mesh 187 also prevents the heater 185 from directly contacting the treatment object and being contaminated. Further, a heat insulating member 189 is provided between the outer surface of the furnace 186 and the outer decorative member 188 located at the outermost portion. This can suppress the heat quantity discharged to the outside of the container 18, efficiently heat the object to be processed, and facilitate handling of the container 18 when the container 18 is moved from a previous step to a subsequent step. In the same form, the balls 184 having the heaters 185 are provided at appropriate positions in consideration of the volume of the container main body 181, and the like, whereby the entire process such as the inside of the container main body 181 can be heated uniformly. Further, the wiring for supplying power to the heater 185 may be designed by a person skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present application, and thus, illustration thereof is omitted. For example, the upper limit of the load amount of the object to be processed is set to a line slightly above the top of the ball 184 and slightly below the bottom surface of the lid 182. In the figure, 18a indicates an energizing switch for the heater 185, which is mounted on the container main body 181 so as to energize the heater 185 when the container 18 reaches a predetermined position on the rail 19, for example.

The lid 182 is attached to the opening of the container main body 181 so as to isolate the object to be processed in the container 18 from the air outside the container 18 while the processes 1 to 6 shown in fig. 1 and 2 are being performed. The lid 182 is sized to correspond to the size of the open portion of the container body 181 so as to close the container 18 when the lid 182 is engaged with the open portion of the top of the container body 181, i.e., when the lid is closed. As shown in fig. 3D, a plurality of (3 in the figure) projections are provided on the periphery of the lid 182, and these projections serve as fixing portions 18b for fixing the lid 182 to the opening of the container main body 181. As shown in fig. 3(B), the fixing portion 18B is engaged with a recess provided on an inner wall surface of an opening of the container 181, whereby the lid 182 is fixed to the container body 181. As shown in fig. 3 a and D, a plurality of handles (2 in the figure) 18 are provided on the top surface of the lid 182 so that the lid 182 can be attached to and detached from the container main body 181 by a person or the lid attachment device 7 in fig. 1.

The lid 182 is provided with an inlet 18d for introducing nitrogen gas into the sealed container 18, and an outlet 18e for discharging gas released by heating the object to be processed and gas discharged from the sealed container 18 by the introduction of nitrogen gas. However, the inlet 18d and the outlet 18e may be provided in the container body 181. In steps 1 to 6, the first and second pipes are connected to the inlet 18d and the outlet 18e, respectively. Further, suitable caps or valves are provided at the inlet 18d and the outlet 18e (similarly, a cap or a valve is provided in each piping) so that the inside of the container 18 can be kept in a sealed state during the period when the container 18 is removed from the piping when moving from the previous step to the subsequent step, that is, when the piping is cut off, inflow of the atmosphere in the container 18 and inflow of gas such as chlorine from the container 18 to the outside air do not occur. The cover 182 is further provided with an auxiliary machine mounting portion 18f, and various electric auxiliary machines such as a microwave generator usable for dewatering of household garbage in the process 2 and the like are mounted on the auxiliary machine mounting portion 18 f. A temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and the like, and sensors/probes for controlling heating of the heater 185 and managing each process may be mounted on the cover 182 or each pipe. The wiring related to the control of these components is not only the wiring inside and around the container 182 but also the wiring related to the electric control board 8 described later is not shown, but can be designed by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present application. As shown in fig. 3(B), a filter 18g is provided on the bottom surface of the cover 182, and the filter 18g prevents adhesion of undesirable substances such as sensors and probes, which are discharged from the discharge port 18 e.

In steps 1 to 6, a recycling treatment is performed by stepwise rising heating in an oxygen-free atmosphere. Step 1 is a step of making the atmosphere in the sealed container 18 an oxygen-free atmosphere by injecting nitrogen, and is performed in a state where the heater 185 is not energized, that is, in a state where the temperature in the container 18 is normal temperature. In step 1, a nitrogen pipe 21 is connected to an inlet 18d of a container 18 filled with a processing object and sealed, and an oxygen/water vapor pipe 22 is connected to an outlet 18e so as not to communicate with (leak) the atmosphere outside the container 18. The nitrogen gas generating device 9 is a device that generates nitrogen in accordance with the control of the electric control board 8, and has a compressor 10 for compressing the atmosphere. The nitrogen gas generator 9 extracts nitrogen from the compressed atmosphere and sends the nitrogen to the inside of the nitrogen pipe 21. Other reducing or inert gases may be used in place of nitrogen, but if nitrogen is used, it is less costly since it can be extracted from the atmosphere as such and is less harmful. The nitrogen supplied to the nitrogen pipe 21 enters the inside of the container 18 through the inlet 18 d. At this time, the gas in the container 18, for example, the atmospheric air is discharged from the container 18, and is sent to the inside of the oxygen steam pipe 22 through the discharge port 18 e. Process 1 continues until at least the oxygen concentration in vessel 18 exceeds the specified concentration or a sufficient time has elapsed there. After the completion of step 1, the nitrogen pipe 21 is separated from the inlet 18d, and the oxygen steam pipe 22 is separated from the outlet 18 e. As described above, the inlet 18d and the outlet 18e are closed, and the container 18 is kept in a sealed state (the same applies to the movement during the other steps), until the connection with the pipeline is made again in step 2.

Before the start of the nitrogen gas injection, it is necessary to perform an operation of loading waste as a treatment object into the container main body 181; an operation of placing the container 18 on the rail 19 and carrying it to the place where the step 1 is performed; the operation of sealing container 18 by attaching lid 182 to the opening of container body 181 is appropriately determined in order and details. For example, the empty container 18 with the lid 182 attached thereto may be loaded, the lid 182 removed, the processing object loaded, and the lid 182 closed. Alternatively, the container main body 181 may be loaded with the object to be processed, and the lid 182 may be closed. Alternatively, the cover 182 may be closed in order to feed the container main body 18 filled with the processing object. The operations such as loading of the object to be processed and mounting of the cover 182 can be performed in a normal atmosphere. Alternatively, the atmosphere may be evacuated from the inside of the container 18, the pressure may be reduced, and then nitrogen may be introduced into the inside of the container 18. Further, the cap mounting device 7 in fig. 1 is a device for mounting and dismounting the cap 182 on and from the rail 19 in correspondence with the operation. In the case where the object to be treated is too large as compared with the container 18, a crusher or the like is provided in parallel, and this crusher is used, although this is not shown in the figure.

The container 18, which has been subjected to the step 1 and has its internal atmosphere replaced with oxygen-free atmosphere, is moved to the place where the step 2 is performed. In step 2, the nitrogen pipe 21 is connected to the inlet 18d, and the oxygen steam pipe 22 is connected to the outlet 18e, and the heater 185 is energized. The energization of the heater 185 in step 2 is controlled so that the heating temperature of the heater 185 is 150 c, and further, continuously for a time and temperature sufficient to substantially completely extract the moisture. This control may be performed autonomously in the container 18 while obtaining feedback from the temperature sensor inside the container 18, or may be performed by the electric control board 18 gradually monitoring the output of the temperature sensor. In this step, the object to be treated in the container 18 is heated to a boiling point of water or higher, and therefore, water is vaporized against the object to be treated. In order to promote vaporization of the moisture, a microwave generator or the like may be mounted in the auxiliary machinery mounting portion 18f, and used in combination with the heater 185. The vaporized moisture, that is, the water vapor released from the object is discharged into the oxygen/water vapor pipe 22 as the internal pressure of the container 18 rises due to vaporization and nitrogen is fed into the nitrogen pipe 21. Then, a gas containing moisture, oxygen, nitrogen, and the like is sent out inside the oxygen/vapor pipe 22. Since this gas corresponds to a gas obtained by adding moisture to the ordinary atmospheric composition increased in the nitrogen ratio, even when this gas is released into the atmosphere, no significant problem occurs. However, the collected gas may contain a reusable component, and the heat transferred through the gas may be used. Thus, the gas sent to the oxygen pipe 22 is preferably collected and cooled by the gas cooler 11 as a heat exchanger and used. In fig. 1, reference numeral 12 denotes a water tank attached to the heat exchanger, and reference numeral 13 denotes a cooling tower.

The vessel 18, which is dry in the inside thereof in the step 2, is put into the step 3 of extracting chlorine gas in a free manner. At this time, the vessel 18 is first moved to the point of execution of the step 3, and the nitrogen pipe 21 is connected to the inlet 18d and the chlorine/impurity gas pipe 23 is connected to the outlet 18 e. In step 3, the heating temperature of the heater 185 is controlled so that the temperature at which the polymer gas is not thermally decomposed although chlorine is vaporized and released from the object to be treated, specifically, the temperature is maintained in the range of 200 to 350 ℃ for a time and at a temperature sufficient to extract almost all of the chlorine. The interior of the container 18 is already in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and no combustion occurs, and the chlorine/miscellaneous gas pipe 23 is not opened to the atmosphere, so that no dioxide or the like is generated from the released chlorine. The gas including chlorine and various miscellaneous gases that are dissociated from the object to be treated is sent to the chlorine miscellaneous gas pipe 23, and the gas is collected and cooled by the gas cooling device 11. As a result, the generated liquid (for example, chloride ion water) can be stored in the liquefaction tank 11 a. The gas that cannot be liquefied by the body cooling apparatus 11 is neutralized in a dechlorination apparatus 11b using, for example, soda ash, and converted into a liquid containing a salt solution as a main component. Only a trace amount of harmless gas (for example, ethanol-based gas which is generally present in nature) can be formed by neutralization with a neutralization apparatus using slaked lime. Further, the dechlorination apparatus may be an apparatus that sorts the components by relative mass. The fluid passing through the dechlorination apparatus 11b is, for example, a miscellaneous gas, and may be compressed by a compressor 14 and stored in a cylinder 15. Further, since the miscellaneous gas does not contain chlorine, even when burned by a burner or the like, there is no problem such as discharge of dioxide or the like.

The step 3 is followed by a step 4 of vaporizing and releasing the hydrocarbon-based polymer compound and extracting it. The nitrogen pipe 21 is connected to the inlet 118d of the container 18 moved to the execution point of the step 4, the gas mixture pipe 24 is connected to the outlet 18e, and the heating temperature of the heater 185 is controlled so as to be a temperature at which the polymer gases are released from the object to be treated, specifically, a temperature of 350 to 450 ℃, and the temperature and time are kept for a period of time sufficient to substantially completely extract the polymer gases. The interior of the container 18 is an oxygen-free atmosphere, and is not burned, and the miscellaneous gas pipe 24 is not opened to the atmosphere, so that carbon dioxide and the like are not generated from the dissociated polymer gas. The gas containing the polymer gas released from the object to be treated by adding nitrogen gas is sent to the gas mixture pipe 24, and the gas is collected by passing through the gas cooling device 11. In the gas cooling apparatus 11, this gas is separated from the gas collected in other steps and cooled to obtain naphtha corresponding to a heavy oil.

Step 4 is followed by step 5 for fixing carbon. The nitrogen pipe 21 is connected to the inlet 18d of the container 18 moved to the execution point of the step 5, the exhaust pipe 24 is connected to the exhaust port 18e, and the temperature of the heater 185 is controlled so as to be 450 ℃. Also here, carbon dioxide and the like are not generated for the same reason as in step 4. The polymer gas collected in this step is subjected to the same treatment as the polymer gas collected in step 4.

Step 5 is followed by step 6 for cooling the processed product remaining inside the container 18. The nitrogen pipe 21 from the nitrogen gas transport device 16 is connected to the inlet 18d of the container 18 transferred to the execution point of the step 6, the nitrogen pipe 21 from the liquid nitrogen tank 17 for cooling is connected to the outlet 18e, and the energization of the heater 185 is stopped. Next, in step 6, while maintaining the state of isolation from the atmosphere outside the container, the oxygen-free atmosphere gas in the container 18 is kept, and the inside of the container is cooled by feeding low-temperature nitrogen gas from the cooling liquid nitrogen tank 17 until the temperature reaches a temperature lower than the temperature at which carbon starts to burn. For example, if the container is sufficiently cooled until the temperature reaches, for example, 50 to 100 ℃, the carbon in the container is not rapidly oxidized even when the lid 182 is opened. In any of the steps 1 to 6, the object to be treated is not subjected to a high temperature to the extent that the metal is deteriorated. Then, at the stage of completion of step 6, the treated product remaining in container 18 is a material including unoxidized carbon and a reusable metal which is not deteriorated, in other words, a material which can be used as it is as a resource or which is formed by recycling treatment by relatively simple additional measures. The desired metal may be sorted and extracted from the processed product remaining in the container 18 according to the relative mass. The nitrogen used in this step may be supplied to the gas cooling apparatus 11 through the nitrogen gas supply apparatus 16 via the circulating nitrogen pipe 25 and then used. The use of liquid nitrogen may also be stopped and nitrogen gas from the nitrogen gas generator 9 may be fed. Alternatively, the container 18 may be placed in a sealed state. If it takes a sufficient time, the interior of the container 18 can be cooled even in the case of mere placement. In order to reduce the thermal stress applied to the container 18, the container may be left at room temperature.

As described above, according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, since the treatment is performed by the thermal decomposition process without involving combustion, carbon dioxide and sulfur oxides are not generated, and carbon from which harmful components can be removed by reuse can be obtained at the end of step 6. In addition, since the heating is performed in the oxygen-free atmosphere and the temperature in the container 18 is only raised to a maximum of 450 ℃, the metal components of the object to be treated are not oxidized nor changed in quality, and remain in the container 18 in a reusable state, and release of heavy metals is not generated. In addition, due to the adoption of the method, the air is further chargedAfter the temperature is reached to a temperature at which chlorine can be released, the temperature is raised to release the polymer compound, so that no dioxide is generated. The value of the residual dioxide content was 10^-3ng-TEQ/g or less, the amount of the generated dioxide is substantially 0 (TEQ: toxicity equivalent). Since the temperature in the container 18 is raised to 450 ℃, nitrogen oxide is not generated even when the container is heated in an atmosphere mainly containing nitrogen. Since the objects to be treated in the container 18 are neither burned nor agitated, the soot is not released. Chlorine, a gas such as a polymer compound, and the like generated during the treatment can be liquefied by the gas cooling device 11, and a resource can be formed again. As a result, since most of the objects to be processed are made resources again, the need for landfill treatment of the residue is also almost eliminated.

Further, since the container 18 with the heater 185 of a transportable type is used, it is not necessary to provide a furnace, hold, transport, and the like, and energy required for the treatment is reduced. As a result, the effects of reducing the installation scale, the installation space, the cost, the labor saving, and effectively forming resources again can be obtained. For example, in the case of a system configured by using the container 18 having an inner diameter of 500mm, even when the container pitch is increased between the adjacent steps, only a space of 6m × 2m is required. In addition, if the container 18 has such a size, the internal processing object can be heated to a desired temperature even if the heater 185 is of a type having a small output.

In addition, when the present invention is implemented, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, by providing a pipeline for each implementation point separately for each implementation point of each process, the number of pipeline connection ports (in the above example, the injection port 18d and the discharge port 18e) provided in the container 18 can be reduced, and thus the container 18 can be downsized, the structure thereof can be simplified, and the cost thereof can be reduced. Further, since the containers are circulated between the processes, for example, a series of processes are performed in a flow operation, a plurality of containers 18 can be simultaneously processed, and the processing speed of waste or the like is increased. In the case of carrying out the present invention, for example, it is also possible to adopt a concept in which the first and second steps are carried out at least without moving the vessel, the sites for carrying out these steps are determined to be common sites, and all the lines necessary for carrying out the first and second steps are extended to the sites. In order to implement the present invention with such a concept, it is necessary to provide a plurality of pipe connection ports on the container side, use different pipe connection ports for each gas type for each process, and provide a valve on the pipe network side. On the contrary, there is a new effect that the operation of moving the container is not necessary, and the occupied space of the processing line can be reduced. In any case, the container structure shown in fig. 3, for the system components shown in fig. 1 and 2, may be modified in various ways as long as the basic advantages of the present invention are not impaired, and the present invention encompasses such modifications. Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing the overall composition of the recycling system according to the embodiment of the present invention, particularly the basic composition of the treatment line and the equipment attached thereto. The same reference numerals as in fig. 1 to 3 and 5 denote the same parts. Reference numeral 27 in fig. 5 denotes a treatment target object treated by the recycling system. Reference numeral 33 denotes an inactive carbon which has been treated with the treatment target 27. The object 27 to be processed is placed on a belt conveyor and conveyed to a container filling device 29. The container filling device 29 opens the lid, fills the container 18 with a square bottom box-shaped lid opened in the lateral direction with the object to be processed, and closes the lid to close the container 18 after filling. The container 18 is of a laterally opened lid type and allows the processing object 27 to enter and exit from the lateral side. Except for the above, the configuration is the same as the circular bottomed container 181 in which the nitrogen gas inlet 18d and the gas outlet 18e are provided on the top surface, and the heater 185 is provided on the inner wall. The container 18 filled with the processing object 27 is moved toward the first step by the rail 19 that transports the container 18. The processing following the first step is performed as described above. 35 processing the non-activated carbon 33 to produce a non-activated carbon processing apparatus 35 of various carbon materials.

The thus obtained non-activated carbon is processed by a non-activated carbon processing apparatus 35 shown in FIG. 5 to produce various carbon materials such as activated carbon and carbon nanotubes. For example, in the case of activated carbon, the activated carbon treatment device 35 may be used as the non-activated carbon treatment device. The non-activated carbon 33 sent out from the obtaining apparatus 31 by the belt conveyor is conveyed to the inside of the activation processing apparatus 35. If the activated carbon 33 is provided in the activation processing apparatus, the activated carbon can be obtained when the activated carbon 33 is activated by the high-temperature steam gas. In the case where carbon nanotubes are produced as a carbon material, the apparatus for producing carbon nanotubes is used as the apparatus for treating non-activated carbon 35. The production apparatus may be an apparatus capable of producing carbon nanotubes from non-activated carbon, and examples thereof include an apparatus using an arc discharge method, a laser evaporation method, a steam activation method, and the like, but the production apparatus is not limited thereto. As an example, a method for producing carbon nanotubes by a carbon nanotube production apparatus using an arc discharge method as an apparatus for processing non-activated carbon will be described. The inside of the apparatus for manufacturing carbon nanotubes is filled with an inert gas (preferably helium). Here, the non-activated carbon 33 sent out from the obtaining apparatus 31 of fig. 5 by the belt conveyor is transported to the inside of the carbon nanotube manufacturing apparatus as a non-activated carbon processing apparatus 35. The inactive carbon 33 is provided as an anode inside the carbon nanotube manufacturing apparatus. After the setting, a current of 100A was passed between the cathode and the electrode, and arc discharge was generated. By this arc discharge, the inactive carbon 33 of the anode is evaporated as carbon vapor. The carbon vapor is directly condensed at the front end of the cathode to form the carbon nanotube. Thus, carbon nanotubes are produced. Although many carbon nanotubes are produced in multiple layers, various carbon nanotubes can be produced by including a catalyst metal (for example, a metal such as Fe, Ni, Co, Y, La, or an alloy thereof) in the non-activated carbon 33 provided as the anode.

As described above, since the continuous production can be carried out by line production of the container, which is a characteristic feature of the present invention, the large-scale and low-cost production of the non-activated carbon 33 from the object 27 can be easily carried out, and therefore, when the non-activated carbon treatment apparatus 35 is combined with the container, the mass production of excellent activated carbon or carbon nanotubes can be carried out at low cost.

The recycling method and system of the present invention can effectively carry out the reforming treatment of wastes such as polymer compounds without releasing unnecessary and toxic effluents at a low cost by a small-scale facility. That is, in this process, the production of carbon dioxide, and oxygen compounds can be prevented, and environmental pollution (atmosphere, soil, water quality, etc.) can be suppressed. Thus, the social contribution of pollution can be implemented in addition to industrial utilization.

Further, the recycling method and system of the present invention can produce an inert carbon by subjecting a waste material to a resource reformation treatment, and can produce a useful carbon material such as a carbon nanotube in a large amount at a low cost by continuous production from the inert carbon thus produced. If a large amount of the product can be produced at low cost as described above, a new industry can be created. In addition, since carbon nanotubes, which are expensive and not used for general commercial products, are also promoted to be used for general commercial products, even if they are light and have high strength, physical properties are easy to be used for general commercial products and are still easy to use.

In addition, the container of the present invention provides a container that is easy to handle in terms of the recycling method and system, the carbon material production method and system, described above.

Claims (10)

1. A method of recycling, the method comprising:

a first step of replacing an atmosphere in a container filled with a processing object with an oxygen-free atmosphere;

a second step of carbonizing the object to be processed, the object to be processed being heated to a predetermined temperature by a heater installed in the container while maintaining the oxygen-free atmosphere in the container, and dissociating at least one of desired water vapor, chlorine gas, and polymer gas at different predetermined temperatures, and introducing a first product as a dissociated gas to a device outside the container while maintaining the device isolated from the atmosphere, and storing the first product in a fluid state;

and a third step of cooling the inside of the container to a temperature lower than the temperature at which carbon in the carbonized carbide starts to burn after the predetermined temperature and the oxygen-free atmosphere gas in the container are continuously maintained, and then obtaining a substance remaining in the container as a second product.

2. A method for recycling a waste material into a resource,

the method uses a container, when used for implementing a recycling method, comprising:

a closed container body having a covered opening for filling the object to be processed and obtaining a second product, connected to the inlet of the first pipeline and connected to the outlet of the second pipeline;

a heater mounted in the container main body for heating a processing object in the container main body;

wherein, the method comprises the following steps:

a first step of replacing an atmosphere in a container filled with a processing object with an oxygen-free atmosphere;

a second step of carbonizing the object to be processed, the object to be processed being heated to a predetermined temperature by a heater installed in the container while maintaining the oxygen-free atmosphere in the container, and dissociating at least one of desired water vapor, chlorine gas, and polymer gas at different predetermined temperatures, and introducing a first product as a dissociated gas to a device outside the container while maintaining the device isolated from the atmosphere, and storing the first product in a fluid state;

and a third step of keeping the predetermined temperature and the oxygen-free atmosphere in the container, cooling the inside of the container to a temperature lower than a temperature at which carbon in the carbonized carbide starts to burn, and then obtaining a substance remaining in the container, that is, a second product.

3. A recycling method according to claim 2, characterized in that:

a second step of performing the second step in a plurality of stages;

setting the heating temperature of the object to be processed at each stage in the second step so that the heating temperature at the subsequent stage is higher than the heating temperature at the preceding stage and in accordance with the type of gas released as the first product at the stage;

a guide passage and a guide receiving portion for the first product are set for each stage of the second step.

4. A recycling method according to claim 2, characterized in that:

the second step includes a step of obtaining water as a first product; a step of obtaining a fluid containing chlorine as a first product; at least any one of the steps of obtaining a polymer gas as a first product or a fluid produced from the polymer gas.

5. A recycling method according to claim 2, characterized in that:

performing a first step in a state where a first device for supplying a reducing gas, an inert gas, or an inert gas is connected to the container through a first pipe;

performing a second step in a state where a first device is connected to the container through a first pipeline and a second device, which is a device other than the container, is connected to the container through a second pipeline;

the container is in a sealed state when it is necessary to cut off the pipe connection between the container and the first or second device in order to move from a previous process to a subsequent process.

6. A recycling method according to claim 5, characterized in that:

in order to simultaneously process a plurality of containers in a flow-through operation by sequentially moving the containers from a previous step to a subsequent step, different execution points are determined for each step, and a pipeline necessary for executing the steps executed at each execution point is extended to the execution point.

7. A recycling method according to claim 5, characterized in that:

the method for performing the first and second processes includes the steps of determining the locations of the processes to be performed at a common location so that at least the first and second processes can be performed without moving the vessel, and extending all of the piping necessary for performing the first and second processes to the common location.

8. A recycling system, the system comprising:

a replacement mechanism for replacing the atmosphere in the container filled with the object to be processed with oxygen-free atmosphere;

a first product obtaining unit configured to heat the object to be processed in the container to a predetermined temperature by a heater mounted in the container while maintaining the oxygen-free atmosphere in the container, and to release at least one of desired water vapor, chlorine gas, and polymer gas at different predetermined temperatures, and to guide a first product as a release gas to a device outside the container while maintaining the device isolated from the atmosphere, and to store the first product in a fluid state;

and a second product obtaining means for cooling the inside of the container to a temperature lower than the temperature at which carbon starts to burn after the predetermined temperature and the oxygen-free atmosphere in the container are continuously maintained, and obtaining a substance remaining in the container as a second product.

9. A recycling system according to claim 8, comprising:

the replacing mechanism connects a first device for supplying reducing gas and inert gas with the container through at least a first pipeline, and replaces the environment gas in the container with oxygen-free environment gas;

a first product obtaining unit configured to obtain the first product by a second device in a state where the first device is connected to a container through a first pipe and a second device other than the container is connected to the container through a second pipe;

the container is in a sealed state when the pipe connection between the container and the first device or the second device is cut off.

10. A container, when used in a recycling process, comprising:

a discharge port container body having a covered opening for loading the object to be processed and obtaining a second product, an inlet connected to the first pipeline, and a second pipeline;

a transport assisting mechanism for moving the container body;

and a heater mounted in the container body for heating the object to be processed in the container body.