HK1071552B - Transverse thruster, in particular a bow thruster for ships - Google Patents

Description

Scope of application

The invention relates to a transverse beam sail, in particular a bow beam sail, for ships as defined in the general concept of claim 1.

State of the art

A propeller is used to turn the water in a channel in the bow and/or stern of the ship, and to push the water in the direction of the propeller, similar to an axial pump, depending on the direction of rotation or the position of the wing in the case of adjustable propellers to the starboard or starboard side.

When working with crossbow oars, most of the time, unpleasant noises are produced, which are particularly annoying in the living and resting areas of ships. These noises are caused by the operation of the gear teeth and by water noise coming from the propeller. More often, cavitations, i.e. hollowing, are caused by pressure on the most heavily loaded screws.

A transverse beam windscreen as defined in claim 1 is known by EP-A-0 306 642. In the case of the transverse beam windscreen described therein, the tunnel pipe is formed by two walls with the formation of an intermediate space. An insulation material, including sand filling, is placed in the intermediate space to reduce body noise. The condition for the arrangement of insulation material is therefore a double-walled design of the tunnel pipe. The tunnel pipe must be formed accordingly before installation of the transverse beam windscreen.

It has been shown, however, that the double-walled design of the tunnel pipe with the sand filling in the formed gap contributes to a reduction in body noise, but it does not exclude the possibility that the pressure and sound waves produced by the hammer-like blows during the condensation of the cavitation bubbles are transmitted to the whole system and are passed on to the living and working areas on the ships located in the area of the transverse beam rudder, since the vibration noise produced is not completely absorbed by the insulation but is passed on to the outer wall of the double-walled tunnel pipe, since the two tunnel pipes with the sand filling form a closed, sand-like system.

DE-B-2 644 844 also provides a method and device for introducing gas and water into the propeller area of a jet propeller. This method consists of injecting gas, e.g. air, and water in a uniform mixture as a directed jet. The aim of the method is to improve noise reduction by injecting an air/water mixture in the form of a jet into the propeller area, largely independently of the resulting reduction in power.because an air/water mixture does not create a sufficient soft cushion in the water which, in its function as an absorbent body, absorbs the hammer-like shocks produced by the propeller by the production of cavitation bubbles, so that the hammer-like shocks and the associated sound waves produced by the shock condensation of cavitation bubbles are not sufficiently dampened or absorbed.

For the soundproofing of transverse beam control systems, WO 84/03078 provides for the creation of separate gas-filled cavities in a water-filled space between the double-walled tunnel housing in which the propeller is located.

A further soundproofing provision is contained in DE-A-2 803 336, which concerns a soundproofing provision for transverse beam control systems for ships in which the tunnel pipe receiving the propeller is arranged in a transverse pipe, forming a ring-shaped space in the hull, perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, the wall of the tunnel pipe being supported by the wall of the transverse pipe by an interlocking of elastic moulds. Such an arrangement will insulate the tunnel pipe from sound waves emanating from the transverse beam control systems, but the air pressure from the air-pressure transmission or propeller-passage equipment will not be reduced by any of the elastic suspensions of the propeller, since no direct elastic suspension of the tunnel pipe will be induced.

The problem, the solution, the advantage

The purpose of the invention is not only to reduce the hammer-like blows generated by the impact of cavitation bubbles condensing into the hull through the tunnel wall and the mechanical noises emitted by the propeller gear on transverse beam oars, as well as the noises generated by an air blow and to prevent the associated unpleasant noise from working on transverse beam oars, but also to prevent a turbine pipe system as a unit from producing the hammer-like sounds generated by the condensation of cavitation bubbles in the hull and in particular in the suspension and lifting positions, especially in the body of the oars, when the water is directed to the tunnel.

This task is solved by the characteristics described in claim 1.

According to claim 1, a transverse beam propeller of a known type is fitted to the single-walled tunnel pipe with a partial or semi-circular or fully enclosed box-like enclosure containing a support box fitted with the insulating material and elastically supported by the insulating material, gear and propeller via spring-elastic elements in the enclosure.

Other embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaim.

The hammer-like blows and associated sound waves produced by the propeller by the generation of cavitation blowing are carried by the insulation material and are not in any way perceived as unpleasant noise to the housing and support wheels of transverse stream vessels, especially when they are in the area of the insulation wheel. The noise detection system is not designed to be achieved by a system in which the insulation material integrated into the insulation material is placed outside the tunnel without the threat of the noise being absorbed completely by the insulation material, but rather by a system that is placed outside the tunnel.

In another embodiment, a number of air nozzles are placed in the wall of the tunnel pipe to blow air into the inner compartment of the tunnel pipe, connected to a ring channel to which the air is supplied by a compressed air generator.

It is also provided that a number of air nozzles are arranged in the wall of the tunnel pipe to blow air into the inner compartment of the tunnel pipe, to which individual valves are attached, which are connected to each other and to a compressed air generating device.

The additional air blowing facilitates the mixing of the sucked water with the fine air bubbles, in particular by ensuring that the suction effect for the water is greatest in the propeller area and the best mixing is achieved in this area. If little or no space is available, it is advantageous to blow the air to both sides of the propeller through a ring channel. The additional arrangement of the air intake pipes or air outlets adjacent to the propeller, as described in the invention, provides the advantage of a good mixing of air and water throughout the area, which at the same time contributes to optimising noise reduction without loss of performance due to the many small bubbles produced.

Even in those tunnel pipe designs where ring grilles are located in the area of the side openings of the tunnel pipe to close these openings, the insulation according to the invention using a support box containing the insulating material is advantageous, especially when air is supplied to the water drawn through the ring grille.

Thus, each ring grid has a number of tubular rings which have a number of air outlet nozzles distributed over each ring, all rings being connected to a compressed air generation device via an air supply line.

In addition to the arrangement of the ring grid, provision may be made for at least the two outer ring bodies of the two rings to have, in their lower areas, conductive plates facing forward or towards the bow, or for the front sections of the conductive plates to be in a downward direction towards the side openings and inclined or forward, and for each ring grid to comprise a number of tubular ring bodies having a number of air-jet nozzles distributed over each ring body, all ring bodies being connected to a compressed-air generating device by an air supply line.

The rings are then arranged in a tubular pattern, with a number of air outlet nozzles arranged over each ring and connected to a compressed air generation device by an air supply line.

Each ring grid shall have any number of rings, preferably two rings with air exhaust nozzles, arranged at the ring body to emit air rays from the air exhaust nozzles.

The result is that air is already supplied to the suctioned water in the inlet area of the tunnel pipe, and thus in each suction side, i.e. the air blowing area is thus moved to the area of the side openings of the tunnel pipe. The mixing of the suctioned water with the fine air bubbles is thus already carried out in the area of the side openings of the tunnel pipe, where the turbulence is very large in experience, so that a high degree of mixing is achieved in this area. Such a transverse beam rudder design according to the invention shows its greatest effect in the case of a design.

To facilitate the flow of water into the tunnel pipe from the front, the two outer ring bodies of the two ring nets shall each have a guide plate in their lower areas, with a downward and inclined position towards the side openings of the tunnel pipe.

The orientation of the guide plate is determined by local conditions and does not always have to be at right angles to the outer skin. The guide plates may also be inclined forward to the bow of the ship. This is particularly the case if the bow rudder is to be effective even when sailing, because in general the flow situation at the inlet at the front of the pipe deteriorates when sailing.

The invention is particularly advantageous in the design of the tunnel pipe in the area of the lateral openings, in the transition area between the tunnel pipe wall and the side wall of the hull, where each ring-shaped air intake pipe has air outlet nozzles, where the air intake pipe is connected to the compressed air generation unit and is located in the horizontal plane formed by the ship's side wall in the area of the lateral opening of the tunnel pipe.

The arrangement of the jets is left to the design conditions. In a further design, the air supply pipe is at the same time the connecting pipe at the seam between the bow rudder tunnel and the ship's hull.

Brief description of the drawing

The following illustrations illustrate examples of the invention: Fig. 1in a diagrammatic view, a transverse beam with an insulating material, surrounding the tunnel pipe of the transverse beam rudder in a semi-circular shape,Fig. 2a diagrammatic view of another version of the transverse beam rudder as shown in Fig. 1, but with a case containing the insulating material and surrounding the tunnel pipe in a fully circular shape,Fig. 3a narrow cross-section through the tunnel pipe of a transverse beam rudder with a support box for a support tube containing a semi-circular reception box for an insulating material and with a ventilation tube through an air duct,Fig. 3A long section through the air duct, as shown in Fig. 3, and a single circular cross-section through a tunnel with a semi-circular reception box containing a ventilation tube through an air duct,Fig. 4a vertical cross-section, partly visible, through the transverse beam rudder as shown in Fig. 4,Fig. 5,a vertical cross-section, partly visible, through the tunnel pipe of a transverse beam rudder with a support box fully enclosing the tunnel pipe for an insulating material reception case and with an air intake through a ring channel,Fig. 5A vertical cross-section, partly visible, through the transverse beam windscreen as shown in Fig. 5,Fig. 6a vertical cross-section, partly visible, through the tunnel pipe reception tube with an air intake box completely enclosing the tunnel, and a single air intake box, partly visible, with a support tube and a support tube,Fig. 6A vertical cross-section, partly visible, through the transverse beam according to Fig. 6,Fig. 7a vertical cross-section through a tunnel pipe with rings with air-exit nozzles arranged in the side tunnel pipe openings,Fig. 8an enlarged vertical cross-section through the tunnel pipe in the area of its side opening with rings arranged in this side opening, with conductors and ring-shaped air supply pipes,Fig. 8A vertical cross-section of the seam between the bow beam and the ship's hull with air supply pipes arranged in the side opening,Fig. 9a enlarged vertical cross-section through the air supply pipes arranged in the side opening,Fig. 9a enlarged vertical cross-section through the tunnel pipe in the area of its side opening with rings arranged in this side opening,Fig. 10a enlarged vertical cross-section of the seam between the bow beam and the ship's hull with air supply pipes arranged in the side opening,Fig. 11a enlarged vertical cross-section of the tunnel pipe in the area of its front opening,Fig. 10a enlarged vertical cross-section of the tunnel pipe in the area of its front, with rings arranged in the side opening,Fig. 11a enlarged vertical cross-section of the ring and a circular cross-seam surrounding ring in the area of the ring.

Detailed description of the invention and best way to implement the invention

The transverse rudder 10 as shown in Figures 1 and 2 consists of a tunnel pipe 20 formed in a hull not shown in the drawing as a transverse channel, one of which is arranged by means of a propulsion engine 26, e.g. an electric motor, and an angular gear connected propeller 25 housed in a gearbox 24 (Fig. 3A). The wall forming the tunnel pipe is designated 21 and its outer face is designated 21a. The side openings of the tunnel pipe 21 are designated 20a, 20b.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a box-shaped housing 32 is mounted on tunnel pipe 20 in such a way that the tunnel pipe 20 is partially or semi-circularly surrounded in the area of the semicircular upper wall area 22 of the tunnel pipe 20. The inner space 31 formed by the outer wall area 21a of tunnel pipe 21 in the area of the upper semicircular wall area 22 and the inner wall area 30a of the housing 32 is filled with an insulating material, preferably a sand filler 35, and any material with approximately the same sound-reducing properties may be used as insulation, and suitable plastics may be used instead of sand.

The housing 32 may extend over the entire length of tunnel pipe 20 but may also be so measured that areas adjacent to the side openings 20a, 20b of tunnel pipe 20 are separated from the housing 30.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the box-shaped housing 35 with the sand filler is brought up to below tunnel pipe 20 so that the tunnel pipe is placed virtually inside the 31 of the housing 30; the sand filler 35 then completely surrounds the tunnel pipe 20 and is placed like a fixed ring around the tunnel pipe 20.

The housing 32 may preferably be of the box-shaped design shown in Figures 1 and 2; however, other geometrical forms of the housing 32 are also possible.

In Figures 3, 3A, 4, 4A, 5, 5A and 6, 6A, a box-shaped housing 32 is also mounted on the tunnel pipe 20 to serve as a 32' receptacle for a support box 30 with an insulating material filling, preferably with a sand filling 35.

According to Figures 3, 3A and 4, 4A, the reception housing 32 encloses the support box 30 and the tunnel pipe 20 together, partially or semi-circularly, in the upper wall area of the tunnel tube 20. The inner space 31 formed by the outer wall surface 21a of the tunnel pipe 20 in the upper semi-circular wall area 22 and by the inner wall surface 30a of the support box 30 is provided with sand filler 35.

The housing 32' or the 32' support housing for the support box 30 is part of the tunnel tube 20. Due to this design, the insulated support box 30 is located in the 32' support housing, which carries the transmission 24 with the propeller 25, and is elastically located at 39' in the 32' support housing.

In the case of the transverse beam 10 as shown in Figures 3 and 3A, a number of air nozzles 40a are placed in the wall of tunnel pipe 20 to blow air into the interior of tunnel pipe 20 and these air nozzles 40a are connected by a ring channel 41 to which air is supplied by a compressed air generation device 45.

In the case of the transverse beam windscreen 10 according to Figures 4 and 4A, the tunnel pipe 20 is also partially or semi-circularly surrounded by the 32' intake housing for the support box 30 with the sand filling 35 as in the case of the embodiment according to Figures 3 and 3A. The air is blown in through 20 air nozzles 50a arranged in the wall of the tunnel pipe, individual valves 50 being connected to each other and to a 55 designated pressure air generating device. The air-to-valve pipe is marked with 51. The air-to-valve pipes 50 are located outside the support box access gate 52a, which is part of the tunnel 20.

According to Figures 5, 5A and 6, 6A, the housing 32 encloses the support box 30 and the tunnel pipe 20 together in a completely rounded shape. The inner compartment 31 formed by the outer wall surface 21a of the tunnel pipe 20 and the inner wall surface 30a of the support box 30 is provided with sand filling 35 so that the tunnel pipe 20 is completely surrounded by the insulation material.

In the case of the transverse beam 10 as shown in Figures 5 and 5A, a number of air nozzles 60a are placed in the wall of the tunnel pipe 20 to blow air into the interior of the tunnel pipe 20 and these air nozzles 60a are connected by a ring channel 61 to which air 65 is supplied by a compressed air generating device.

In the embodiments shown in Figures 6 and 6A, air is inflated through air nozzles 70a, which are arranged in the wall of tunnel pipe 20, to which individual valves 70 are attached, connected to each other and to a pressure-producing device indicated at 75.

The air nozzles 40a, which are supplied with air through a ring channel 41, the air nozzles 50a with their associated valves 50, the air nozzles 60a, which are supplied with air through a ring channel 51, and the air nozzles 70a with their associated valves 70 are arranged in a ring-shaped manner in the wall of tunnel pipe 20 either on one or both sides of tunnel pipe 20, with the possibility of arranging several ring groups of air nozzles.

In the case of the vessel's transverse rudder 120 shown in Fig. 7, 110 indicates the hull of a ship with its sidewalls 111, 112. In the case of the hull 110 the transverse rudder is arranged by a tunnel tube 130 with 131 as its wall. The side openings of the tunnel tube 130 are marked by 130a, 130b. In the interior of the tunnel tube 130 a gearbox 124 with a propeller gondola 126 is arranged with a propeller housing 126. The gearbox with propeller 125 is suspended in a 124 123 type extension to the tunnel tube 130 as its wall. In this case, the gearbox 130 is also surrounded by a tunnel housing with a barrier.

In the two side openings 130a and 130b of tunnel tube 130 the ring-grids 140, 140' are arranged (Fig. 7, 10 and 11). The two ring-grids 140, 140' are equally formed. The ring-grids 140, 140' of Fig. 10 and 11 have no air outlet nozzles, whereas the ring-grids 140, 140' of Fig. 7, 8, 8A and 9 have air outlet nozzles 143 and 163 respectively. Each ring-grid 140, 140' comprises a number of tubular rings 141, 142, which have a number of air outlets 143 distributed over each ring-grid, with all the air outlets 141, 142 being connected to an external pressure-generating unit via a supply line. The number of air-grids of each type of ring-grid 140 is divided into 140, 140 and 140; this indicates that they can be arranged in two rings 141, 142 and 140 respectively, since the rings 140 and 140 are arranged in the direction of the inner rings 140, 141, 141, 141, 142, and 140 respectively.

As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the two rings 140, 140' in the side openings 130a, 130b of tunnel pipe 130 are arranged according to the inclination of the side walls 111, 112 of hull 110 so that the individual rings 141, 142 lie opposite each other, with the result that air can be blown unhindered into the water being pumped by the air exhaust nozzles 143 of the rings 141, 142.

The two outer rings 141, 142 and 140' of the two rings 140' have in their lower areas, each, a guide plate 150 with a downward and, if necessary, forward inclined position towards the side openings 130a, 130b of the tunnel pipe 130, as shown in Figures 8, 10 and 11. The slightly inclined front sections of the guide plate are designated 150a. The guide plates themselves are arranged parallel to the guide axis of the tunnel 130, whereas the outer sections of the front plate 150a are inclined slightly downwards. The inclination of the guide plate 1501 towards the outer parts of the rings 140' and 140' of a vessel may be at any angle, but the other two can be positioned at an angle of approximately 112° to the right of the ring 140, whereas the guide plate 1501 may be positioned at an angle of approximately 140° to the right of the ring.

To achieve air inflation already before the side openings 130a, 130b of the tunnel pipe 130 or in the immediate area of these two side openings 130a, 130b, it is shown in Figure 8 that in the area of each side opening 130a, 130b of the tunnel pipe 130 and in the transition area between the wall 131 of the tunnel pipe 130 and the side wall 111 or 112 of the hull 110 respectively, a circular air intake pipe 160 with inward-facing air intake nozzles 163 is arranged, with the air intake pipe 160 also connected to the pressure air generation device 145; the arrangement of the circular air intake pipe 160 in the area of each side opening 130a, 130 or 130 of the tunnel pipe 130 is such that the air flow is directed from the air intake level 160 to the level of the tunnel and from the side opening 112 to the side opening of the tunnel.

Figure 8A shows a design in which the air supply pipe 160 is simultaneously the connecting pipe at the seam between the bow rudder tunnel 130 or the sidewall of the tunnel and the sidewall 111 or 112 of the hull 110 or the hull respectively, where the air supply pipe 160 is mounted as shown with a superimposition 160a from the plane of the hull or sides 111 and a superimposition 160b from the plane of the sidewall of the tunnel pipe 130.

Claims (20)

1. Transverse thruster, in particular bow thruster for ships, consisting of a transverse thrust duct formed in the hull, made of a tunnel tube (20; 130), in which a driving engine and a propeller (25) are placed, whereby the tunnel tube (20; 130) is configured double-walled entirely or in the propeller area by forming an intermediate space which is provided with an insulating material, preferably a sand filling, characterized in that a box-type housing (32') which encloses partially or semicircularly the tunnel tube (20; 120) is set thereon, housing in which a support box (30) is placed which is provided with the insulating material (35) and which is elastically positioned in the housing (32') with the insulating material, the gear (24) and the propeller (25) over elastical elements (39).
2. Transverse thruster according to claim 1, characterized in that a number of air nozzles (40) are placed in the wall of the tunnel tube (20; 130) for the air injection into the inner space of the tunnel tube (20; 130), air nozzles which are connected with a ring channel (41) to which the air is fed over a compressed air production device (45).
3. Transverse thruster according to claim 2, characterized in that a number of air nozzles (50a) are placed in the wall of the tunnel tube (20; 130) for the air injection into the inner space of the tunnel tube, air nozzles to which single valves (50) are associated which are connected by tubes with each other and with a compressed air production device (55).
4. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 2 or 3, characterized in that a number of air nozzles (60a) are placed in the wall of the tunnel tube (20; 130) for the air injection into the inner space of the tunnel tube (20;130), air nozzles which are connected with a ring channel (61) to which the air is fed over a compressed air production device (65).
5. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that a number of air nozzles (70a) are placed in the wall of the tunnel tube (20; 130) for the air injection into the inner space of the tunnel tube, air nozzles to which individual valves (70) are associated which are connected by tubes with each other and with a compressed air production device (75).
6. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the box-type housing (32) extends with the support box (30) provided with the sand filling (35) approximately to the side wall middle of the tunnel tube (20; 130) so that the sand filling (35) encloses the tunnel tube (20) in its semicircular upper wall area (22).
7. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the box-type housing (32) extends with the support box (30) provided with the sand filling (35) up to below the tunnel tube (20).
8. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the box-type housing (32) with the support box (30) provided with the sand filling (35) extends over the whole length of the tunnel tube (20; 130).
9. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the box-type housing (32) with the support box (30) provided with the sand filling (35) extends over a partial length of the tunnel tube (20; 130), in particular in the propeller area.
10. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the arrangement of the air nozzles (40, 60) and of the valves (50, 70) in the wall of the tunnel tube (20; 130) is ring-shaped.
11. Transverse thruster according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one ring-shaped arrangement of air nozzles (40, 60) and valves (50, 70) is placed in the wall of the tunnel tube (20; 130).
12. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that ring grids (140, 140') are placed in the area of both lateral openings (130a, 130b) of the tunnel tube (20; 130), whereby these ring grids close these openings.
13. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that ring grids (140, 140') are placed in in the area of both lateral openings (130a, 130b) of the tunnel tube (20; 130), whereby these ring grids close these openings, whereby both outer ring elements (141, 142) of both ring grids (140, 140') have guiding plates (150) in their lower areas which are orientated to the front or to the bow or the front guiding plate sections (150a) of which have a position orientated downwards in direction of the lateral openings (130a, 130b) and inclined or orientated to the front.
14. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that ring grids (140, 140') are placed in in the area of both lateral openings (130a, 130b) of the tunnel tube (20; 130), whereby these ring grids close these openings, whereby each ring grid (140, 140') comprises a number of tubular ring elements (141, 142) which have a number of air outlet nozzles (143) placed distributed over each ring element, whereby all ring elements (141, 142) are connected by an air supply duct (144) with a compressed air production device (145).
15. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 1 to 14, characterized in that ring grids (140, 140') are placed in in the area of both lateral openings (130a, 130b) of the tunnel tube (20; 130), that at least the two outer ring elements (141, 142) of both ring grids (140, 140') have in their lower areas guiding plates (150) which are orientated to the front or to the bow or the front guiding plate sections (150a) of which have a position orientated downwards in direction of the lateral openings (130a, 130b) and inclined or orientated to the front and that each ring grid (140, 140') comprises a number of tubular ring elements (141, 142) which have a number of air outlet nozzles (143) placed distributed over each ring element, whereby all ring elements (141, 142) are connected by an air supply duct (144) with a compressed air production device (145).
16. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 12 to 15, characterized in that each ring grid (140, 140') has any number of ring elements, preferably two ring elements (141, 142) with air outlet nozzles (143) which are placed on the ring elements (141, 142) in such a manner that air jets come out of the air outlet nozzles (143) and air is injected into the sucked water.
17. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the ring grids (140, 140') are placed in the lateral openings (130a, 130b) of the tunnel tube (20 ; 130) according to the inclination of the side walls (111, 112) of the hull so that the single ring elements (141, 142) are offset to each other.
18. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the guiding plate sections (150a) of the guiding plates (150) which have an inclination orientated to the front on both outer ring elements (141, 142) of each ring grid (140, 140') are such that the surfaces of the guiding plates (150) against which the sucked water comes are at an angle or approximately at a right angle to the inclination of the side walls (111, 112) of the hull (110).
19. Transverse thruster according to any of the claims 12 to 18, characterized in that respectively one ring-shaped air admission tube (160) with air outlet nozzles (163) is placed in the area of the lateral openings (130a, 130b) of the tunnel tube (20 ; 130), namely in the transition area between the wall (131) of the tunnel tube (20 ; 130) and the side wall (111, 112) of the hull (110), whereby the ring-shaped air admission pipe (160) is connected with the compressed air production device (145) and is placed in the oblique plane formed by the ship side wall (111, 112) of the hull in the area of the lateral opening (130a, 130b) of the tunnel tube (20 ; 130).
20. Transverse thruster according to claim 19, characterized in that the air admission pipe (160) is simultaneously the connecting pipe at the junction between the tunnel tube (20; 130) or the tunnel tube side wall and the side wall (111; 112) of the hull (110) or the ship outer skin, whereby the air admission tube (160)

    a) is placed upon or

    b) placed upon with a projection (160a) out of the surface plane of the ship outer skin or of the hull side wall (111) and a projection (160b) out of the surface plane of the side wall of the tunnel tube (20; 130).