HK1056589B - Earth drilling device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a drilling apparatus for making holes as defined in claim 1.

A rotary drivable drill with adjustable tool components for such a drill is known from the state of the art according to JP 60-168813 A. To operate the movable tool components of this drill, hydraulically operated actuating cylinders are provided as a replacement. The hydraulic actuating pressure for the replacement is provided by a pressure supply provided on the drill connected to the unit.

Another end drill with adjustable tool components is shown in document US 4 526 242.

Since the pressure supply has a corresponding design size and weight due to the high hydraulic set pressure to be generated, it is usually not provided directly on the drilling tool but is located away from it, for example on the upper wheel of the earth drill.

Due to the fact that a hydraulic oil is used to operate the hydraulically operated position device provided on the drill, care must be taken in the rotation line used to ensure that, despite the high set-up pressures that occur during operation, no hydraulic oil leaks out of the rotation line in order to avoid environmental pollution from the hydraulic oil. To achieve a sufficiently high sealing effect at the known rotations, the rotations must be manufactured with very high precision and are costly accordingly.

The purpose of the invention is to develop an earth drill of the type described at the outset in such a way that the rotation is less complex and less expensive than at the present stage of technology and is relatively low maintenance.

The invention solves the problem by means of a drilling rig with the characteristics of claim 1.

The invention also proposes to use an environmentally compatible fluid to transmit the pressure at least in the area of the rotation line, to which the pressure supply generates the desired pressure, which is transmitted from the environmentally compatible fluid through the rotation line to the positioning line. A transformer is provided to convert the pressure of the environmentally compatible fluid into the hydraulic pressure line.

The measures described above, according to the invention, ensure that the pressure transfer in the area of the rotary conduit is carried out by an environmentally compatible fluid. Any leakage in the rotary conduit is therefore harmless to the environment. As a result, the rotary conduit can be relatively easy to construct, since the high requirements for the tightness of the rotary conduit that are common in the state of the art do not have to be met. Accordingly, the rotary conduit can be less elaborate and therefore less expensive compared to the state of the art. Even the maintenance work that is usual in the state of the art, which must be carried out to detect the slightest leakage in the rotary conduit, does not have to be carried out in the ordinary frequency of the invention.

Further advantages of the invention are shown in the following description, drawing and subclaims.

For example, in a preferred embodiment of the earth drilling apparatus of the invention, it is proposed to use a gaseous fluid as an environmentally compatible fluid. This has the advantage that in the event of any leaks in the rotary conduit, the fluid can escape without residues.

When using compressed air as a gaseous, environmentally compatible fluid, it is suggested to use a compressed air generator to produce the desired compressed air as a pressure supply.

In a preferred embodiment, where compressed air is used as an environmentally friendly fluid, an air-driven compressed air engine and a hydraulic pump coupled to the air engine are used as converters to generate the hydraulic pressure for the unit.

Liquid, environmentally friendly fluids, such as water, can be used instead of gaseous fluids, with the advantage that the fluid is essentially non-compressible and that the pressure supply pressure transferred by the fluid can be transferred directly to the hydraulics of the station.

In a preferred embodiment of the earth drill according to the invention, the drill tool is held on a drill string relatively extended and retractable to the drive head. In this embodiment, the drill string serves on the one hand as a holder for the drill tool and on the other hand to transfer the torque generated by the drive head to the drill tool. The use of an extended and retractable drill string has the advantage that comparatively deep drills, such as those desired for the manufacture of drills for foundation piles, can be created. In particular, the telescopic Kellystang is proposed as an extended and retractable drill string.

If the drill is equipped with an outboard and inboard drill string, it is recommended that, in the case of a preferred further training of this embodiment, the rotary line be kept on the drill string. To this end, the rotary line has a rotary supply line stored on the drill string to supply the environmentally compatible fluid, which is supported by the drive head, and a clutch unit connected to the feed line and which is mounted on the further training drill string. While the feed line passes the environmentally compatible fluid into the drill string, the rotary coupled training of the transition between the feed line and the transfer unit allows the transfer of the fluid current from the feed line to the transfer unit, which is connected to the transfer unit in the transition with the transfer unit.

The use of a hose line is suggested for transferring the hydraulic pressure from the converter to the drill rig.The advantage of using hose lines is that the drill rig can be trained to move relative to the converter, which results in greater flexibility in the training of the drill rig.

In an embodiment where the drill is held on a drill line and the transfer of hydraulic pressure from the transformer to the site is by a hose, it is further proposed that the transformer and a hose winding device be provided on the drill line, which rotate with the drill line and to which the drill line can be relatively driven in and out with the drill tool. The winding device in this embodiment is designed so that the hose conduit is not damaged by the cutting of the drill line from the transformer and is winding, that the hose conduit is at a given voltage at each position of the drill line. This is achieved by ensuring that the direction of the hydraulic hose supply is always in a position to be defined, even if the drill line is not in contact with the hose, and that the pressure is not affected by any other position of the drill line.

For the pre-tensioning of the hose, it is proposed to pre-tension the rolling unit by spring force in the case of a preferred design.

The following illustration of the invention is given by reference to the drawing, showing: Fig. 1 a side view of an excavator according to the invention;Fig. 2 a larger section of the excavator according to Fig. 1, showing a rotary line with adjacent rolling devices partially cut;Fig. 3 a side view showing the rotary line and adjacent rolling devices uncut; andFig. 4 a side view of a platform on which the rolling devices are mounted and on which several transformers are mounted.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a drill rig 10 which is conventionally formed of a crawler-like undercarriage 12 and a rotating overhead carriage 14 on top of it.

A drive head 18 is moved along the drill shaft 16 and can be adjusted to its position along the drill shaft 16.

The drive head 18 is used to rotate a drill string 20 running parallel to the drill shaft 16 and through the drive head 18. The drill string 20 is made up of a telescopic drill string 22 and a drill tool 24 held at the bottom of the drill string 22. In the present case, the drill tool 24 is trained as a pole cutter to extend a hole in an existing hole at the bottom of the hole.

The drill tool 24 is equipped with several adjustable tool components 26 which can be adjusted by means of hydraulically operated position devices 28 relative to the drill tool 24. In the present case, these are cutting tools which can be adjusted radially outwards from the stake cutter.

Immediately below the drive head 18 is a rotating platform 30 which is known to be located on the drive head 18 and is carried by the drill string 20 when the drill line 20 is rotated.

The rotor line 32 has a feed 34 rigidly connected to the drive head 18 and does not rotate together with the drill string 20. The feed 34 is sealed with a coupling unit 36 located below the feed 34 and carried by the rotating platform 30. The rotor line 32 serves as a current connection between the non-rotating part of the drive head 18 and the drill string 20 that rotates during operation.

In the example shown, the supply 34 is connected to a compressed air generator 38 on the top 14 which generates compressed air to provide a set pressure, as will be explained later.

As shown in Figure 4, which shows a view of the rotating platform 30, several transformers 40 are arranged around the drill string 20 running concentrically through the approximately circular platform 30 and their function is explained below.

Each converter 40 is connected to the coupling unit 36 by means of which compressed air from the compressed air generator 38 is fed to the converter 40 via a non-shown hose system and the supply 34; in each converter 40, the pressure set by the compressed air generator 38 is converted into a hydraulic pressure for the hydraulically actuated equipment 28 and this hydraulic pressure is transferred via tubes 42 to the equipment 28 of the drill tool 24.

To ensure that the tubes 42 are in a defined position relative to the tubes 22 during the exit or entry of the drill bar 22 each tube 42 is rolled up onto a rolling device 44 which is mounted on either side of the drill line 20 on the rotating platform 30 and is then passed through a guide ring 46 provided at the lower end of the outer tube of the drill bar 22 and connected to the various devices 28 of the drill tool 24.

During operation, the drive head 18 drives the drill bar 22 so that it rotates along its longitudinal axis with its drill tool 24. At the same time, the platform 30 on which the transducers 40 and the rolling equipment 44 are held is carried. If one of the adjustable tool components 26 is actuated, the compressed air generator 38 generates an appropriate overpressure, which is passed through a suitable valve arrangement (not shown) and through appropriate line systems to the supply 34 of the rotary gear 32 . The supply 34 transfers the static pressure to the coupling unit 36, which in turn transfers the static pressure to the transducers 40. The transducers 40 convert the static pressure into a hydraulic component, which is passed through the hydraulic systems 26 to the hydraulic components 26 which are placed in the position of the pneumatic pressures.

By separating the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulically operated equipment 28 of the drill 24 and transferring the adjustment pressure by means of compressed air, the rotor line 32 can be formed relatively easily, since any leakage in the rotor line 32 would have no negative effect and would at best cause a slight pressure drop in the compressed air system.

In the example shown, the pressure is generated by means of a compressed air generator; alternatively, the pressure can be generated by a hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic unit in the conventional manner and then converted into pneumatic pressure by means of appropriate converters to transmit the pressure pneumatically through the rotating shaft; the pneumatic pressure can then be converted back into hydraulic pressure in the manner described above.

Claims (10)

1. Earth drilling apparatus for producing boreholes comprising

   - a drive head (18),

   - a drilling tool (24) driven by the drive head (18) in a rotatable manner, on which at least one hydraulically operable setting device (28) is provided for setting movable tool components (26) of the drilling tool (24),

   - a pressure supply (38) for providing the setting pressure for the setting device (28) of the drilling tool (24) and

   - a rotary transmission feedthrough (32) provided between the drive head (18) and the rotatable drilling tool (24) for transmitting the setting pressure from the pressure supply (38) to the setting device (28) of the rotatable drilling tool (24),

   - wherein the transmission of the setting pressure by the rotary transmission feedthrough (32) is effected by means of an environmentally friendly fluid,

   characterized in that

   - between the rotary transmission feedthrough (32) and the hydraulic setting device (28) at least one converter (40) is provided which converts the setting pressure of the environmentally friendly fluid into a hydraulic setting pressure for the hydraulic setting device (28).
2. Earth drilling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the environmentally friendly fluid is a gaseous fluid, preferably compressed air.
3. Earth drilling apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure supply is a compressed-air generator (38) for generating compressed air, which is preferably supported on the upper carriage (14) of the earth drilling apparatus (10).
4. Earth drilling apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that as converter (40) an air motor driven by means of compressed air as environmentally friendly fluid and a hydraulic pump coupled with the air motor are employed for generating the hydraulic pressure for the setting device (28) .
5. Earth drilling apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drilling tool (24) is supported on a drill string (20), preferably on a telescopic Kelly bar (22), which can be extended and retracted relative to the drive head (18).
6. Earth drilling apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the rotary transmission feedthrough (32) is supported on the drill string (20) and includes a supply (34), which is supported on the drill string (20) in a rotatable manner and stays on the drive head (18) for supplying the environmentally friendly fluid, and a coupling unit (36) mounted on the rotatable drill string (20) and coupled with the supply (34) in a sealing manner, which is in flow connection with the converter (40).
7. Earth drilling apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one hose line (42) is provided for transmitting the hydraulic pressure from the converter (40) to the setting device (28).
8. Earth drilling apparatus according to claim 5 and 7 or 6 and 7, characterized in that

   - the converter and a winding device (44) for the hose line (42) are provided on the drill string (20), which rotate together with the drill string (20) and in relation to which the drill string (20) with the drilling tool (24) can be retracted and extended, and

   - in that the hose line (42) can be unwound from and wound up on the winding device (44) provided on the drill string (20) such that the hose line (42) is under a predetermined tension in every position of the drill string (20).
9. Earth drilling apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that in order to prestress the hose line (42) the winding device (44) is prestressed by a spring tension.
10. Earth drilling apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drilling tool is a Kelly drill, a belling bucket (24), a drilling bucket or a grab.