HK1048838A - Door suspension system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a door suspension system as defined in claim 1.

The European patent application No. 0 841 286 A1 discloses an elevator car door suspension system for opening and closing elevator car doors including a linear induction motor having a pair of movable motor primaries attached to a respective door hanger of each door and a stationary motor secondary attached to a header bracket which is secured to the elevator car, and wherein said motor secondary comprises a substantially flat plate which is vertically disposed and is preferably made of a conductive metal as copper. In this system, in which the door panels are guided by separate rails, a pair of moving flexible ropes and wheels are needed to keep both panels be moving synchronously.

A problem with an elevator car door suspension system having moving flexible ropes and wheels is that it is very expensive. Another drawback is due to stability and maintenance problems.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved door suspension system.

The door suspension system of the invention is characterized by what is said in claim 1. Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by the features presented in the other claims.

One of the advantages of the door suspension system according to the invention, is that it can be easily and inexpensively manufactured and easily and quickly installed.

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become apparent on reading the description made hereafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, given solely by way of example, wherein:

• FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a door suspension system for an elevator car according to a first embodiment of the invention;
• FIG. 2 is a front view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a part of said system;
• FIG. 4 is a simplified perspective view of a bearing located between a rail and a bracket;
• FIG. 5 is an elevational view of a panel door with an upper hinge joint and a lower guiding joint;
• FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a structure of a magnetic track of a second embodiment of the invention;
• FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a primary of a linear motor of the second embodiment of the invention;
• FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a structure of a magnetic track of a third embodiment of the invention; and
• FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a primary of a linear motor of the third embodiment of the invention.

The door suspension system according to FIG. 1 comprises a rail support 1 attached to a crosspiece 2 of a door frame and disposed above the doorway or entrance portal. The system may be applied to doors, windows, opening portions as doorways of industrial buildings, houses, elevator cars, vehicles and the like. Preferably, the rail support 1 has a T-or L-profile. In the position of FIG. 1 the T-profile is turned anticlockwise at an angle of 90° degrees. The horizontal part of the rail support 1 is a rigid substantially flat plate 3 which supports a linear rail 4, e.g. of a commercially available type, extending at least approximately the length of the door or having approximately the same length as the required door travel. The rail 4 comprises a substantially cylindrical head body 5 and a web 6 with extensions 7 attached to the plate 3. An example of a linear rail is the Thomson rail system currently used in certain industrial linear motion applications. The door suspension system includes a bracket 8, comprising a connector 9 joined to a support block 10 having a recess or opening 11, in which the cylindrical body 5 with a part of the web 6 is introduced. The connector 9 has a substantially C-profile embracing the flat plate 3 with the linear rail 4. Attached to the outer lower surface of the bottom of connector 9 there is a support strip 12 with connection means 13 from which a door or door panel 14 is suspended as seen in FIG. 2. Said connection means preferably include screws or other types of fastener.

Optional the rail support 1 is connected with the crosspiece 2 with connecting means 30, for instance a screw, a bolt or a nut. Between the connecting means 30 and the support block 10 there is a gap, so that the support block 10 can move freely.

As shown in FIG. 3 the bracket 8 is attached to an end area of the strip 12, and the system includes a second bracket 8' (FIG. 2) attached to the other end area of said strip 12. In the space between the brackets 8 and 8' it is placed an elongated primary 15 (FIG. 1) of a linear motor, which preferably is a permanent magnet flat linear synchronous motor (PM-FLSM). Under the rail or in the flat plate 3 (FIG. 1) a magnetic way 16 is mounted which has at least approximately the same length as the required door travel. Such magnetic way 16 may be a magnetic track using magnets, which may be rare earth permanent magnets, such as neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB), cobalt, samarium or cheap hard permanent ferrite magnets disposed with alternating magnetic polarities. According to FIG. 1 the flat plate 3 has recesses 17 for the location of the magnet assemblies of the magnetic way 16.

The brackets 8 and 8' comprise each also a bearing or a bushing 18, like a linear plain bushing or a linear ball bushing, located in the air gap of the support block 10 between the body 5 and the inner border of the recess 11. As seen in FIG. 4 the bushing 18 may be a substantially cylindrical ring-shaped body with a hole 19 for the body 5 and a longitudinal opening 20 for the web 6. Preferably, the bushing 18 is made from a sliding synthetic material, for example Igus with IglidurJ plastic material or Thomson Fluoronyliner, or a linear ball bushing, for example of the Thomson SuperSmart type. When the motor is active, the bushings 18 slide along the body 5.

FIG. 5 illustrates a door panel with an upper hinge joint 21 and a lower guiding joint 22. Since, as seen in FIG. 3, the linear motor primary 15 is attached to the door or door panel 14 via the brackets 8 and 8', both will be moved together.

The linear motor is disposed in such a way that the attraction force between the magnetic way 16 and the primary 15 cancels at least partially the weight of the door or door panel. This reduces considerably the radial force applied to the bearings or bushings 18 as well as the overall friction in the system and the maximum required force of the motor. This semi-active magnetic suspension allows the door to open faster and noise-less, the motor and the inverter to be smaller in size and the life of the linear bearings to increase substantially due to the load reduction.

Due to the relatively high attraction between the magnetic way 16 and the primary 15 it is convenient to use a very rigid guiding system so that no deflection and change in the air gap dimension can occur. This requirement is fulfilled by the linear rail system and the high stiffness of the brackets 8 and 8'. In order to accelerate the motion of the door, the primary current must be increased, which in turn increases the attraction force in the air gap, another reason why the rigidity of the system must be high.

Referring now to FIG. 6 another embodiment of a magnetic way is shown, in which the flat plate 3 is not provided with a recess for each magnet system, but the magnets 23 are attached to a strip or back iron 24 which in turn is attached under the flat plate 3 as seen in FIG. 7, wherein the primary 25 is located over a strip 12'. FIGS. 8 and 9 show still another embodiment of the invention which is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 7 in that there are magnets 26 attached to a separate strip or back iron 27, but different from the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7 in that the strip 27 is attached over the support strip 12'. Accordingly, the primary 28 may be secured to the flat plate 3 under the same.

Other advantages of the system according to the present invention are that a high reliability can be achieved due to the great reduction in the number of parts in comparison with the prior art systems and the use of nearly maintenance-free components; also the volume of the motor and a suitable inverter can be reduced; extra heat generated in the primary can be avoided; no extra bearings are needed to keep the motor air gap constant, avoiding so stability and maintenance problems; and additional ropes and wheels are not needed.

The magnets 23 or 26 are disposed with alternating polarity on the surface of the strip 24 or 27, respectively, which may be a back iron with segments (not shown) intermediate to inset-mounted permanent magnets. The width of the intermediate segments may be smaller than that of the permanent magnets. Preferably, the back irons 24 and 27 with or without segments are formed from a soft magnetic material such as mild steel, preferably having a relative permeability µ_r >> 1. Accordingly, each sequence of magnetic elements 23 or 26 comprises a flat permanent magnet with the N polarity above, an optional intermediate magnetic element, a flat permanent magnet with the S polarity above and an optional intermediate magnetic element. The intermediate magnetic elements may be flat elements of mild iron or steel, plates of ferrite, preferably but not exclusively soft ferrite. The magnets 23, 26 and/or other optional intermediate elements may be glued to the back iron. The primary and the magnetic way are separated by an air gap L, e.g. of 1 to 2.5 mm. The air gap L can be adjusted by varying the thickness of suitable shims 29. The position control may comprise sensors according to the prior art or any other standard linear positioning devices. Note that there is a direct relationship between the door panel mass, the air gap L, the attraction force, and the required tractive force.

Although an open linear guide is disclosed, a closed linear guide or block 10 is also possible for this door suspension system. In a simplified embodiment of the invention without motor, the primary may be replaced by a simple back-iron. If the guide means 10, 10' are made from a sliding synthetic material, for example said Igus with IglidurJ plastic material, said bearings 18 may be avoided, and in this case the diameter of the opening 11 should be smaller, specifically, it must fit the rail or other equivalent element 4. Generally speaking, said guide means may include or not said bearing 18.

It is an advantage of the present invention, that the use of a PM synchronous motor combined with a hall effect sensor achieves a very precise absolute positionning of the door panels as well as a re-initialization if needed.

Glossary

• rail support 1
• crosspiece 2
• flat plate 3
• linear rail 4
• cylindrical head body 5
• web 6
• extensions 7
• bracket 8
• connector 9
• support block 10
• recess or opening 11
• support strip or support piece 12
• connection means 13
• door or door panel 14
• primary 15 of a linear motor
• magnetic way 16 or magnetic track
• recess 17
• bushing 18
• hole 19
• longitudinal opening 20
• upper hinge joint 21
• lower guiding joint 22
• magnets 23
• strip or back iron 24
• primary 25
• magnets 26
• strip or back iron 27
• primary 28
• shim 29
• connecting means 30

Claims (10)

1. A door suspension system comprising:

   at least one rail support (1) attachable to a door frame (2) above a doorway or entrance portal;

   an elongated rail (4) mounted on said at least one rail support;

   a pair of brackets (8, 8') comprising each a connector (9, 9') attached to respective supporting means (10, 10') having a recess or opening (11), in which the rail (4) or a part of it is introduced;

   a support piece (12) attached to the connectors 9, 9' and

   provided with connection means (13, 13') from which a door or door panel (14) is suspended;

   an elongated magnetic way (16) attached to the rail (4) or to the support piece (12) and a back-iron or a primary (15) of a linear motor attached to the support piece (12) or to the plate (3), respectively, and disposed in such a manner that the attraction force between the magnetic way (16) and

   the back-iron or the primary (15) cancels at least partially the weight of the door or door panel (14).
2. The door suspension system according to claim 1, wherein said rail support (1) comprises an elongated rigid plate (3), to which both the rail (4) and the magnetic way (16) are attached; wherein said connector (9) has a substantially C-profile embracing the rail (4) and the rigid plate (3), which is of a ferromagnetic material and substantially flat shaped, preferably having a horizontally disposed plain surface; and wherein said back-iron or said primary is mounted on said support piece (12') in such manner that said attraction cancels at least partially the weight of the door or door panel (14).
3. The door suspension system according to claim 1, wherein said rail support (1) comprises an elongated rigid plate (3), to which both the rail (4) and said back-iron or said primary (15) are attached, and wherein said plate (3) is of a ferromagnetic material and substantially flat shaped, preferably having a horizontally disposed plain surface; wherein said connector (9) has a substantially C-profile embracing the rail (4) and the primary; and wherein said magnetic way (16) is mounted on said support piece (12') in such a manner that said attraction force cancels at least partially the weight of the door or door panel (14).
4. The door suspension system according to one of the claims 1 to 3, further comprising a bearing (18) of substantially cylindrical shape with an axial hole (19), wherein said bearing is mounted in said opening (11) of the supporting means (10) and wherein said rail (4) is introduced in said hole.
5. The door suspension system according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the magnetic way (16) is mounted at least partially under the plate (3), and wherein a primary (15) is mounted over the strip (12) and located in the space between the brackets (8 and 8').
6. The door suspension system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the magnetic way (16) is mounted over the strip (12, 12') and the primary (15) under the plate (3).
7. The door suspension system according to one of the claims 1 to 6, wherein the rail (4) comprises a substantially cylindrical head body (5) and a web (6) with extensions (7) attached to a plate (3).
8. The door suspension system according to one of the claims 4 to 7, characterized in that said bearing (18) has a substantially cylindrical shape with an axial hole (19) and a longitudinal opening (20) and is mounted in said opening (11) of the supporting means (10), and wherein the head body (5) of said rail (4) is introduced in said hole (19) and said web (6) of said rail (4) is introduced in said opening (20).
9. The door suspension system according to claim 1, wherein the plate (3) is provided with recesses (17) for the location of magnets which constitute said magnetic way.
10. The door suspension system according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the magnetic way (16) comprises neodymium rare earth permanent magnets or ferrite permanent magnets and/or that the door suspension system is formed as a suspension of a door or door panel (14) for a lift installation.