GR1010643B - Class waste recycling - Google Patents

Abstract

By intervening in the mass of glass waste, we ensure useful building products for heating, soundproofing and other uses. In the first stage we remove the materials that are not glass. In the second stage we heat the glass to 400°C and immerse it in water to shatter it by sudden contraction. In the third stage we grind the scraps with water and catalysts to make a pulp in 8 to 10 hours. After the pulp is dried in the environment, we turn it into a powder which can be placed in molds. The matrices with the glass powder are baked in an oven at 800-850° C where the swelling occurs from the crystalline water that modified the glass molecules throughout its mass into pearlite. Products resulting from transparent glass have the shade of sparkling water and can be colored in all shades with metal oxides. Its weight is 200-400 gr/m2.

Description

Description Recycling of waste glass

The invention relates to the production of useful products for construction, thermal-sound insulation and other uses, from the processing of glass waste for recycling. This is achieved through a series of operations and interventions.

Thermal insulation and sound insulation come from the expansion of the glass, which can be achieved in many ways and with catalysts, e.g. organic, glycerin, etc., or with inorganic, e.g. CaCo<3>, etc., but their products do not have the excellent specifications that they have with the method of perlitization of glass, from crystal water H<2>O, which, with its evaporation at 800°C to 850°C, melts the glass, expanding it, without residues left by other catalysts.

The catalysts of the proposed method are derived from the carbonyls (MONT Method) of the volatile liquids of Nickel and Cobalt and are introduced from the beginning during the grinding of the glass, approximately 60%, and water, approximately 40%, and modify a percentage of 3%-6% of the water into crystalline and connect it to the glass molecules throughout its mass, transforming it into perlite as occurs in volcanoes.

The size of the bubbles also determines the quality of the specifications, and depends on the temperature (800°C to 850°C) during firing, the time spent in it and the percentage of crystal water. The optimal size of the bubbles ranges from 0.01 mm to 2mm-3mm which gives us a specific weight per cubic meter of 200kg-400kg with high compressive strength and the expected “λ” of thermal insulation, sound insulation and other uses.

First of all, from the quantity to be recycled, any materials that are not glass (trash, plastic caps, corks, etc.) that are found in it are removed.

In the second stage, the glass mass is introduced into a continuous flow furnace or "BOX". A "BOX" type furnace is a rectangular parallelepiped furnace with various dimensions and sizes. It is heated with electric resistances or gaseous fuels. The objects to be fired are introduced with a wagon that carries the grates with the molds. It leaves them and returns to close the door which, before moving from the mouth, is moved 5 to 10 cm away and when it returns, it is touched again to prevent the escape of temperature. A temperature of the order of 400°C is needed to burn any organic materials and labels that were not removed.

When the entire mass has been heated, it is sprayed or immersed in water, so that the glass is shattered by its sudden contraction and the ashes float. The fragments from 0.01 to 0.00001cm are drained and stored for grinding.

The quantity to be ground is weighed to calculate the amount of water (H<2>O), approximately 40%, the glass molecules, approximately 60%, and the catalysts. The grinding is done in a cylindrical grinder, lined internally with industrial porcelain bricks, while the grinding pebbles are also made of industrial porcelain with different diameters depending on the case, while the rotation speed of the roller is adjusted as needed. The grinding time ranges from 8 to 10 hours and depends on the hardness of the glass and the fineness we want.

When the grinding is complete, the resulting slurry of glass molecules, water, and catalysts is dried at ambient temperature. With the evaporation of the water, the catalysts are also completely eliminated.

To have a uniform mass for swelling, we grind the resulting dried pulp again to become a powder, from which we will weigh the amount that we will put into a mold (metal or ceramic) with a perforated bottom, so that the gases resulting from the firing can escape.

In order to obtain products with the shape, dimensions and size we want, we must calculate in advance the amount of mass and the final size of the swelling in relation to the internal space of the mold from which bricks or slabs or whatever other shape we want will emerge.

Foam glass bricks, due to their low weight compared to ceramics, should lock together on all sides, like a puzzle, with silicone applied to the application points.

All surfaces of the products are coated with fire-resistant glass to protect them in the event of a fire, from the sudden contraction that creates cracks, and from firefighting water.

Furthermore, when firing is complete, they are immediately removed from the oven, if it is a "BOX" type, without requiring thermal recovery.

Products resulting from pure transparent glass have the hue of sparkling water, but can be colored in all shades by metal oxides, with a small percentage of their mass from 0.5% to 6%.

Claims (7)

Claims 1. A method of recycling glass waste to obtain useful thermal and acoustic insulation products in construction and other uses. 2. First of all, the waste should be cleaned of non-glass materials such as trash, plastic, paper, etc. Then the remaining mass is introduced at a temperature of approximately 400 °C to burn off any organic materials, bottle labels, and most importantly, to shatter the glass from its sudden contraction after immersion in water, into fragments from 0.01 cm to 0.000001 cm for easy handling and short-term grinding. 3. Thermal insulation-sound insulation comes from the expansion of the glass which can be achieved in many ways and with catalysts e.g. organic, glycerine and so on or with inorganic, e.g. CaCo<3> and so on, however their products do not have the excellent specifications that they have with the method of perlitization of glass, from crystal water H<2>O, which with its evaporation at 800°C to 850°C melts the glass, expands it, without residues left by other catalysts. 4. The excellent specifications we want a) in (L) of the thermal insulation b) soundproofing c) resistance to sadness d) low weight are achieved by considering and selecting the results that arise from the use of catalysts. 5. In principle, the main catalysts are the temperature and the time spent in it for firing and swelling of the objects at 800-850°C. However, if certain fluctuation limits are exceeded, the results will be negative. The other factors that differentiate the quality of the specifications are a) the fineness of the glass molecules b) the percentage of crystal water that converts the entire mass of glass into perlite 6. To control the increase or decrease of the percentage of catalysts, in the mass of the grind but also between them, in the creation of crystal water. These catalysts are the carbonyls of the heavy metals Nickel and Cobalt which were converted into volatile liquids by the effect of Carbon Monoxide (CO) using the "MONT" method 7. The foamed products resulting from the pearlitization of glass molecules have unique properties and can be produced in any shape and size needed. Provided, of course, that we have an oven with an endless rolling floor, with a length and speed of movement that will ensure thermal recovery, and of course the appropriate molds.