GB992820A - Process for the hydrogenative cracking of hydrocarbon oils - Google Patents
Process for the hydrogenative cracking of hydrocarbon oilsInfo
- Publication number
- GB992820A GB992820A GB1309063A GB1309063A GB992820A GB 992820 A GB992820 A GB 992820A GB 1309063 A GB1309063 A GB 1309063A GB 1309063 A GB1309063 A GB 1309063A GB 992820 A GB992820 A GB 992820A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogel
- support
- solution
- alkali metal
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title abstract 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 abstract 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 alkali metal aluminate Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/22—Halogenating
- B01J37/26—Fluorinating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/12—Silica and alumina
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/78—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Hydrocarbon oils are cracked by contacting the oil in presence of hydrogen at elevated temperatures and pressures with a catalyst comprising fluorine preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by weight based on the catalyst and at least one metal of the iron group of the Periodic Table intimately associated with an acid acting support comprising at least one refractory oxide, the intimate association of the metal with the support having been achieved by contacting the support in hydrogel form with a solution of the said metals or metals, fluorine having been incorporated into the support while the support is in the hydrogel form. The support comprises silica and at least one of the following: alumina, magnesia, zirconia and boria. Preferably the supports comprises by weight 50% to 90% of silica and 50% to 10% alumina. The catalyst contains 0.1% to 14% by weight of the iron group metal e.g. nickel and cobalt. The catalysts may be prepared by contacting the hydrogel with a solution of the metal or metals the pH of the solution being 4 to 7. The hydrogel may be prepared by (1) mixing aqueous solutions of an alkali metal aluminate and an alkali metal silicate, adjusting the pH to 7 with mineral acid, aging and then washing the hydrogel to remove alkali metal ions; (2) adding mineral acid to an alkali metal silicate solution to adjust the pH to 2, adding an aluminium salt, adjusting the pH to 7 and washing the hydrogel formed. The hydrogel may be washed with ammonium nitrate solution to remove alkali metal ions. The fluorine is incorporated into the hydrogel by adding hydrofluoric acid or a water soluble fluoride, e.g. ammonium or sodium fluoride, to the aluminate solution used to prepare the hydrogel. The hydrogel is finally washed, dried and calcined at 427 DEG to 649 DEG C. The hydrogenation takes place at 260 DEG to 454 DEG C., 10.5 to 210 atmos. gauge, a L.H.S.V. of 0.2 to 10.0 litres of oil per hour per litre of catalyst and a hydrogen to oil mol. ratio of 5: 1 to 50: 1. The hydrocarbon feed boils above the gasoline boiling range e.g. 232 DEG to 510 DEG C. and may be pretreated by mild hydrogenation to remove coke forming constituents and to reduce the sulphur and nitrogen contents.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18494762A | 1962-04-04 | 1962-04-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB992820A true GB992820A (en) | 1965-05-19 |
Family
ID=22678962
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1308963A Expired GB1007282A (en) | 1962-04-04 | 1963-04-02 | Hydrogenative cracking of hydrocarbon oils |
| GB1309063A Expired GB992820A (en) | 1962-04-04 | 1963-04-02 | Process for the hydrogenative cracking of hydrocarbon oils |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1308963A Expired GB1007282A (en) | 1962-04-04 | 1963-04-02 | Hydrogenative cracking of hydrocarbon oils |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (2) | BE630485A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH442258A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE1200990C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK113792B (en) |
| GB (2) | GB1007282A (en) |
| NL (3) | NL143617B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1064025A (en) * | 1964-08-27 | 1967-04-05 | British Petroleum Co | Improvements relating to hydrocatalytic cracking |
| SE312322B (en) * | 1964-09-01 | 1969-07-14 | Shell Int Research | |
| GB1077312A (en) * | 1964-09-28 | 1967-07-26 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Hydrocracking of high boiling range hydrocarbons |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE13369C (en) * | E. LANGEN in Cöln a. Rh | Continuous acting liquid-vaginal centrifuge with float | ||
| US2946738A (en) * | 1957-07-01 | 1960-07-26 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Hydrocracking a gas oil with a presulfided catalyst consisting of oxides of vanadium, cobalt and molybdenum on gamma alumina |
-
0
- NL NL291101D patent/NL291101A/xx unknown
- BE BE630590D patent/BE630590A/xx unknown
- BE BE630485D patent/BE630485A/xx unknown
- NL NL291100D patent/NL291100A/xx unknown
-
1963
- 1963-04-02 GB GB1308963A patent/GB1007282A/en not_active Expired
- 1963-04-02 DK DK151963A patent/DK113792B/en unknown
- 1963-04-02 GB GB1309063A patent/GB992820A/en not_active Expired
- 1963-04-02 DE DE1963S0084515 patent/DE1200990C2/en not_active Expired
- 1963-04-02 DE DES84514A patent/DE1199421B/en active Pending
- 1963-04-02 CH CH417663A patent/CH442258A/en unknown
- 1963-04-04 NL NL291101A patent/NL143617B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE630590A (en) | |
| DE1200990B (en) | 1975-05-22 |
| NL143617B (en) | 1974-10-15 |
| CH442258A (en) | 1967-08-31 |
| DE1199421B (en) | 1965-08-26 |
| BE630485A (en) | |
| NL291101A (en) | |
| DK113792B (en) | 1969-04-28 |
| GB1007282A (en) | 1965-10-13 |
| DE1200990C2 (en) | 1975-05-22 |
| NL291100A (en) |
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