GB945438A - Ionization detector - Google Patents
Ionization detectorInfo
- Publication number
- GB945438A GB945438A GB15388/61A GB1538861A GB945438A GB 945438 A GB945438 A GB 945438A GB 15388/61 A GB15388/61 A GB 15388/61A GB 1538861 A GB1538861 A GB 1538861A GB 945438 A GB945438 A GB 945438A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- chamber
- lamp
- arrangement
- ionization chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 101000916532 Rattus norvegicus Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 38 Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
- G01N27/64—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using wave or particle radiation to ionise a gas, e.g. in an ionisation chamber
- G01N27/66—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using wave or particle radiation to ionise a gas, e.g. in an ionisation chamber and measuring current or voltage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/62—Detectors specially adapted therefor
- G01N30/64—Electrical detectors
- G01N30/70—Electron capture detectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/02—Details
- H01J17/30—Igniting arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J41/00—Discharge tubes for measuring pressure of introduced gas or for detecting presence of gas; Discharge tubes for evacuation by diffusion of ions
- H01J41/02—Discharge tubes for measuring pressure of introduced gas or for detecting presence of gas
- H01J41/08—Discharge tubes for measuring pressure of introduced gas or for detecting presence of gas with ionisation by means of radioactive substances, e.g. alphatrons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J47/00—Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles
- H01J47/02—Ionisation chambers
- H01J47/026—Gas flow ionisation chambers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
945,438. Discharge tubes. BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS Inc. April 28, 1961 [June 27, 1960], No. 15388/61. Heading H1D. [Also in Division G1] In an arrangement for detecting the presence of ionizable substances in a gas, such as the outflow from a chromatograph column, the gas is mixed with a second gas stream during its passage into an ionization chamber electrons which have previously been introduced into the second gas stream acquiring a considerably higher energy level under the influence of the electric field in the chamber, and in consequence effecting ionization of the components of the sample stream. The gas to be tested is admitted to the ionization chamber 24 by a pipe 37, Fig. 2, and the second gas (argon) is fed into the electron generator by a pipe 36. An ultraviolet lamp 25 acting on the metallic inner surface of tube 23, which may be copper, produces photo electrons which diffuse into the ionization chamber 24 with the second gas stream. The second gas, which may be argon, helium, neon, krypton, or Xenon, should have a high ionizing potential so as not itself to become ionized by the high energy electrons. Alternative electron generator metal linings are referred to including metal oxides, and metals like potassium and caesium of low work function responsive to visible light. The use of X-rays is also referred to. The projection of rays through the walls of a glass chamber and the use of a mercury arc lamp, hydrogen lamp, zenon lamp, or a heated filament are also described. Anode 33 is energized from a source 31 and the current after amplification in an amplifier 32 is recorded by a recorder 19. A modified arrangement, Fig. 3, includes an inwardly directed ridge 40 at the junction between the two zones and a baffle plate 41 on the inlet line of the gas under test. Numerous physical arrangements of the chambers including " in line," " L," " T " and concentric arrangements are described with reference to Figs. 4-9 and 11 (not shown), and an arrangement wherein the ionization chamber is included in a bore within a solid block of copper which latter forms the chamber for the electron generator is described with reference to Fig. 10 (not shown). The lamp in this latter arrangement projects substantially radially into the bore.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38907A US3134898A (en) | 1960-06-27 | 1960-06-27 | Gas chromatography with means to flow ionization particles into the ionization chamber |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB945438A true GB945438A (en) | 1963-12-23 |
Family
ID=21902577
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB15388/61A Expired GB945438A (en) | 1960-06-27 | 1961-04-28 | Ionization detector |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3134898A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1204431B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB945438A (en) |
| NL (2) | NL266283A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2173635A (en) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-10-15 | Secr Defence | Photoemissive electron source |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1070741A (en) * | 1962-12-06 | 1967-06-01 | Nat Res Dev | Improvements in and relating to gas or vapour detectors |
| US3418514A (en) * | 1966-05-31 | 1968-12-24 | Beckman Instruments Inc | Electrical discharge detectors for gas chromatography |
| US3573460A (en) * | 1966-09-12 | 1971-04-06 | Gen Electric | Ion chamber detector for submicron particles |
| US3522431A (en) * | 1967-12-26 | 1970-08-04 | Gen Electric | Gas conversion apparatus and method for producing condensation nuclei |
| US3506824A (en) * | 1968-04-22 | 1970-04-14 | Morton Beroza | Apparatus for combining a gas chromatograph with a spectrophotofluorometer and other devices by means of a flowing liquid interface |
| US3535576A (en) * | 1968-11-21 | 1970-10-20 | Honeywell Inc | Photoionization device with electrodes attached to exterior of envelope |
| US4304997A (en) * | 1979-02-27 | 1981-12-08 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Electron capture detector with thermionic emission electron source |
| US4264817A (en) * | 1979-02-27 | 1981-04-28 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Coaxial electron capture detector with thermionic emission electron source |
| US4377749A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1983-03-22 | Young Robert A | Photoionizer |
| GB2183897B (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1990-07-11 | Perkin Elmer Corp | Ionization detectors for gas chromatography |
| US5142144A (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-08-25 | Quantametrics Inc. | Methods and means for detection of dangerous substances |
| US12540921B2 (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2026-02-03 | Matthew Monagle | Flame ionization detector ignition aid |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2715195A (en) * | 1946-07-19 | 1955-08-09 | Friedman Herbert | Photon-counter with adjustable threshold |
| DE1074293B (en) * | 1954-10-28 | 1960-01-28 | N V Philips Gloeilampenfabrie ken Eindhoven (Niederlande) | Method and device for analyzing ionizable gases 22 10 5> V St America |
| US2885555A (en) * | 1954-12-27 | 1959-05-05 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Combustibles detector |
| US2901625A (en) * | 1956-01-05 | 1959-08-25 | Friedman Herbert | Ultra-violet gas analysis |
| US2959677A (en) * | 1957-05-02 | 1960-11-08 | Cons Electrodynamics Corp | Gas analysis |
| US2950387A (en) * | 1957-08-16 | 1960-08-23 | Bell & Howell Co | Gas analysis |
| US3009097A (en) * | 1958-02-19 | 1961-11-14 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Method of oxygen detection |
| US3029358A (en) * | 1959-07-13 | 1962-04-10 | Nuclear Chicago Corp | Gas chromatograph ionization detector |
-
0
- NL NL125640D patent/NL125640C/xx active
- NL NL266283D patent/NL266283A/xx unknown
-
1960
- 1960-06-27 US US38907A patent/US3134898A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1961
- 1961-04-28 GB GB15388/61A patent/GB945438A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-06-27 DE DEB63048A patent/DE1204431B/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2173635A (en) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-10-15 | Secr Defence | Photoemissive electron source |
| GB2173635B (en) * | 1985-03-15 | 1989-11-01 | Secr Defence | An electron capture detector |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL266283A (en) | |
| NL125640C (en) | |
| DE1204431B (en) | 1965-11-04 |
| US3134898A (en) | 1964-05-26 |
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