[go: up one dir, main page]

GB799236A - Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices

Info

Publication number
GB799236A
GB799236A GB16429/56A GB1642956A GB799236A GB 799236 A GB799236 A GB 799236A GB 16429/56 A GB16429/56 A GB 16429/56A GB 1642956 A GB1642956 A GB 1642956A GB 799236 A GB799236 A GB 799236A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
cathode
electron beam
aperture
pole piece
electron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB16429/56A
Inventor
Douglas Cecil Rogers
Peter Francis Conway Burke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STC PLC
Original Assignee
Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB839453A external-priority patent/GB755834A/en
Priority claimed from GB18181/54A external-priority patent/GB787181A/en
Application filed by Standard Telephone and Cables PLC filed Critical Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Publication of GB799236A publication Critical patent/GB799236A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J3/00—Details of electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements or of ion traps common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J3/02—Electron guns
    • H01J3/029—Schematic arrangements for beam forming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D261/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings
    • C07D261/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D261/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D261/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D261/18—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
    • C07D317/44—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D317/46—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
    • C07D317/48—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring
    • C07D317/62—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to atoms of the carbocyclic ring
    • C07D317/66—Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
    • G05D16/04—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power
    • G05D16/0404—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power with two or more controllers mounted in parallel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/01—Control of temperature without auxiliary power
    • G05D23/12—Control of temperature without auxiliary power with sensing element responsive to pressure or volume changes in a confined fluid
    • G05D23/125—Control of temperature without auxiliary power with sensing element responsive to pressure or volume changes in a confined fluid the sensing element being placed outside a regulating fluid flow
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F7/00—Signs, name or number plates, letters, numerals, or symbols; Panels or boards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
    • H01F7/0273—Magnetic circuits with PM for magnetic field generation
    • H01F7/0278—Magnetic circuits with PM for magnetic field generation for generating uniform fields, focusing, deflecting electrically charged particles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/06—Electron or ion guns
    • H01J23/065—Electron or ion guns producing a solid cylindrical beam
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
    • H01J23/087—Magnetic focusing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
    • H01J23/087—Magnetic focusing arrangements
    • H01J23/0873—Magnetic focusing arrangements with at least one axial-field reversal along the interaction space, e.g. P.P.M. focusing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/40—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit
    • H01J23/42—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit the interaction circuit being a helix or a helix-derived slow-wave structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/36—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/38—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the forward travelling wave being utilised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/36—Photoelectric screens; Charge-storage screens
    • H01J29/38—Photoelectric screens; Charge-storage screens not using charge storage, e.g. photo-emissive screen, extended cathode

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguides (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

799,236. Electron beam focussing apparatus; travelling wave tubes. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. May 28,1956, No. 16429/56. Class 39(1). An electron beam focussing arrangement, in which the beam is converged from a cathode 1, Fig. 1, by electrostatic forces through an aperture in a magnet pole piece 4 and is then confined to a straight path by an axial magnetic field, a limited proportion of the magnetic fluid being allowed to penetrate the cathode, is characterized in that the pole piece has a planar surface about the aperture, this surface being positioned a prescribed distance (Z c ) from the cathode and the aperture is of a prescribed size (a) to satisfy the conditions that a substantially optimum proportion of the magnetic flux which links the electron paths in the magnetically confined regions of the electron beam penetrates the cathode and that at the cathode edge the magnetic lines of force 7 are substantially tangential to the electron beam profile. The optimum proportion is that which gives the beam minimum ripple and stated to be where Bo is the flux density of the field used to focus the beam and B b is the flux density for Brillouin flow. Preferably to fulfill the two stated conditions the radius a of the aperture is related to the radius r c of the cathode in the transverse plane through the cathode edge and to the angle # of convergence of the electron beam profile by the expression : and the axial distance Z c of the pole piece surface from that cathode place is within 10 per cent of the following value : where ro is the mean radius of the electron beam. The magnetic field may be between 1À5 and 2À5 the strength required for Brillouin flow. The field may be either substantially uniform or reverse in direction at periodic intervals along the electron path. A practical embodiment in a travelling wave tube is described having the pole piece mounted externally of the envelope, the tube being provided with tunable input and output waveguides and air cooling means.
GB16429/56A 1953-03-26 1956-05-28 Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices Expired GB799236A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB839453A GB755834A (en) 1953-03-26 1953-03-26 Improvements in or relating to the coupling of a helix in a travelling wave tube or the like to a waveguide
GB328589X 1953-03-26
GB28268/53A GB762106A (en) 1953-03-26 1953-10-14 Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes
GB18181/54A GB787181A (en) 1953-03-26 1954-06-21 Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes
DEL19900A DE1001360B (en) 1953-03-26 1954-09-14 Coupling arrangement for traveling tubes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB799236A true GB799236A (en) 1958-08-06

Family

ID=61021422

Family Applications (6)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8391/53A Expired GB742070A (en) 1953-03-26 1953-03-26 Improvements in or relating to magnet assemblies which are long compared to their cross-sectional dimensions
GB28268/53A Expired GB762106A (en) 1953-03-20 1953-10-14 Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes
GB25850/55A Expired GB787603A (en) 1953-03-26 1955-09-09 Coupling arrangement for travelling wave tubes
GB16429/56A Expired GB799236A (en) 1953-03-26 1956-05-28 Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices
GB713/57A Expired GB836219A (en) 1953-03-26 1957-01-08 Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes
GB1147/57A Expired GB831514A (en) 1953-03-26 1957-01-11 Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes

Family Applications Before (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8391/53A Expired GB742070A (en) 1953-03-26 1953-03-26 Improvements in or relating to magnet assemblies which are long compared to their cross-sectional dimensions
GB28268/53A Expired GB762106A (en) 1953-03-20 1953-10-14 Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes
GB25850/55A Expired GB787603A (en) 1953-03-26 1955-09-09 Coupling arrangement for travelling wave tubes

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB713/57A Expired GB836219A (en) 1953-03-26 1957-01-08 Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes
GB1147/57A Expired GB831514A (en) 1953-03-26 1957-01-11 Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (5) US2890370A (en)
BE (7) BE529619A (en)
CH (5) CH322461A (en)
DE (4) DE1099093B (en)
FR (13) FR66226E (en)
GB (6) GB742070A (en)
NL (4) NL200402A (en)

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2654952A (en) * 1951-03-01 1953-10-13 Philip O Solon Ellipsograph
US2940020A (en) * 1952-04-08 1960-06-07 Int Standard Electric Corp Focusing magnet for long electron beams
DE1232532B (en) * 1956-07-11 1967-01-19 W App Nfabriek N V As Pressure regulator for fuel gases
US3027484A (en) * 1958-03-29 1962-03-27 Kobe Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Periodic magnetic focussing system for travelling wave tubes
DE1276217B (en) * 1958-06-25 1968-08-29 Siemens Ag Electron beam tubes with speed modulation, especially running field tubes
GB869714A (en) * 1958-12-17 1961-06-07 Mullard Ltd Travelling-wave tubes
US3062983A (en) * 1959-04-28 1962-11-06 Gen Electric High frequency energy interchange device
DE1090732B (en) * 1959-05-02 1960-10-13 Telefunken Gmbh Coaxial coupling device for a high frequency tube
US3032677A (en) * 1959-05-08 1962-05-01 Raytheon Co Traveling wave tubes
DE1136425B (en) * 1959-07-17 1962-09-13 Philips Nv Arrangement for coupling the helical delay line of a field pipe to a waveguide running transversely to the helical axis
IT699974A (en) * 1959-12-10
US3134925A (en) * 1960-09-12 1964-05-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetic structure for providing smooth uniform magnetic field distribution in traveling wave tubes
US3211947A (en) * 1962-05-14 1965-10-12 Bloom Stanley Noise reduction of traveling-wave tubes by circuit refrigeration
US3324337A (en) * 1963-12-02 1967-06-06 Varian Associates High frequency electron discharge device and focusing means therefor
GB1145469A (en) * 1967-08-24 1969-03-12 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Cooler for a travelling wave tube
JPS5123146B1 (en) * 1970-12-04 1976-07-14
JPS5868846A (en) * 1981-10-07 1983-04-23 バリアン・アソシエイツ・インコ−ポレイテツド Linear beam microwave tube focused by permanent magnet
FR2641899A1 (en) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-20 Thomson Tubes Electroniques ELECTRON GUN WITH AN ACTIVE DEVICE PRODUCING A MAGNETIC FIELD IN THE VICINITY OF THE CATHODE
US5332947A (en) * 1992-05-13 1994-07-26 Litton Systems, Inc. Integral polepiece RF amplification tube for millimeter wave frequencies
GB9418028D0 (en) * 1994-09-07 1994-10-26 Eev Ltd Cavity arrangements

Family Cites Families (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE22389E (en) * 1940-07-13 1943-11-02 Electron beam concentrating
NL78190C (en) * 1946-01-11 Western Electric Co
NL73832C (en) * 1946-10-22
NL135247C (en) * 1946-10-22
FR957735A (en) * 1947-01-25 1950-02-24
US2578434A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-12-11 Rca Corp High-frequency electron discharge device of the traveling wave type
US2632130A (en) * 1947-11-28 1953-03-17 Joseph F Hull High current density beam tube
US2637775A (en) * 1948-03-16 1953-05-05 Rca Corp Coupling of a helical conductor to a wave guide
US2611102A (en) * 1948-11-13 1952-09-16 Sylvania Electric Prod Traveling wave tube
FR1012374A (en) * 1949-07-27 1952-07-09 Improvements in the construction of traveling wave electron tubes
FR998819A (en) * 1949-10-14 1952-01-23 Csf Improvements in the coupling of linear wave propagation tubes with their input and output circuits
US2730649A (en) * 1950-02-04 1956-01-10 Itt Traveling wave amplifier
NL89376C (en) * 1950-06-17
FR1023060A (en) * 1950-08-07 1953-03-13 Very wide band amplitude limiter device in ultra-high frequencies
US2672571A (en) * 1950-08-30 1954-03-16 Univ Leland Stanford Junior High-frequency oscillator
US2803770A (en) * 1950-09-18 1957-08-20 Fernseh Gmbh Electron discharge tube apparatus
US2774006A (en) * 1950-10-14 1956-12-11 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Travelling wave tube apparatus
US2773213A (en) * 1951-03-13 1956-12-04 Rca Corp Electron beam tubes
US2797353A (en) * 1951-06-15 1957-06-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave type electron discharge devices
US2791711A (en) * 1951-08-24 1957-05-07 Research Corp Apparatus for generating hollow electron beams
DE970404C (en) * 1951-12-05 1958-09-18 Telefunken Gmbh Running field pipes
US2749472A (en) * 1952-01-02 1956-06-05 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Travelling wave tubes
DE936882C (en) * 1952-03-09 1955-12-22 Telefunken Gmbh Coupling arrangement
US2758244A (en) * 1952-06-02 1956-08-07 Rca Corp Electron beam tubes
BE520379A (en) * 1952-06-02
NL179062B (en) * 1952-06-12 Schering Ag PROCEDURE FOR ADHESIVING STRONG, ELASTIC JOINTS.
US2812467A (en) * 1952-10-10 1957-11-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam system
US2741718A (en) * 1953-03-10 1956-04-10 Sperry Rand Corp High frequency apparatus
US2836758A (en) * 1953-10-12 1958-05-27 Varian Associates Electron discharge device
US2809321A (en) * 1953-12-30 1957-10-08 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling-wave tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR66266E (en) 1956-06-28
DE1099093B (en) 1961-02-09
FR66255E (en) 1956-06-28
CH328589A (en) 1958-03-15
NL200402A (en) 1900-01-01
US2890370A (en) 1959-06-09
US2918593A (en) 1959-12-22
FR70719E (en) 1959-07-10
US2824996A (en) 1958-02-25
FR69772E (en) 1958-12-30
FR67269E (en) 1958-02-19
DE1001360B (en) 1957-01-24
BE529619A (en) 1900-01-01
BE570152A (en) 1900-01-01
BE532535A (en) 1900-01-01
US2871392A (en) 1959-01-27
CH334859A (en) 1958-12-15
CH322461A (en) 1957-06-15
FR73056E (en) 1960-09-22
CH351679A (en) 1961-01-31
BE541278A (en) 1900-01-01
BE541462A (en) 1900-01-01
NL200290A (en) 1900-01-01
GB831514A (en) 1960-03-30
FR67270E (en) 1958-02-19
DE1108336B (en) 1961-06-08
GB787603A (en) 1957-12-11
GB836219A (en) 1960-06-01
FR66226E (en) 1956-06-05
FR69376E (en) 1958-11-06
US2908843A (en) 1959-10-13
FR68866E (en) 1958-06-11
NL230187A (en) 1900-01-01
GB762106A (en) 1956-11-21
DE1109272B (en) 1961-06-22
FR72041E (en) 1960-03-21
CH336509A (en) 1959-02-28
BE539158A (en) 1900-01-01
NL191459A (en) 1900-01-01
BE527620A (en) 1900-01-01
FR73991E (en) 1960-10-31
FR73213E (en) 1960-09-23
GB742070A (en) 1955-12-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB799236A (en) Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices
GB779733A (en) Improvements relating to electron-discharge devices
GB668827A (en) Improvements in or relating to electron discharge apparatus
US2841739A (en) Electron beam systems
GB833687A (en) Interdigital delay line for travelling wave tubes
GB726823A (en) Improvements in or relating to magnetic circuits for travelling wave apparatus
US2828434A (en) Electron beam focussing device
GB1030148A (en) High power electron tube apparatus
GB729812A (en) Improvements in or relating to high-frequency electron-discharge tubes
US3259786A (en) Undulating beam energy interchange device
GB715242A (en) Improvement in adjustable magnetic focussing system for beam tubes
US4399389A (en) Travelling wave tube with coupled cavities and focusing by alternating permanent magnets and amplifying system comprising such a tube
US2757311A (en) Double beam progressive wave tube
US2867744A (en) Traveling wave tube
US2791718A (en) Magnetic structure for traveling wave tubes
GB832500A (en) Improvements relating to electron optical apparatus
GB850527A (en) Improvements in and relating to magnetic means for deflecting electron beams
GB651516A (en) Improvements in or relating to electron velocity modulation apparatus
US2869023A (en) Microwave amplifier tube
US3283200A (en) High frequency electron discharge device having improved permanent magnetic focusing
US2849634A (en) Linear electron accelerators
GB879997A (en) Travelling wave tube
GB828497A (en) Improvements in or relating to forward travelling wave amplifiers
US3373388A (en) Permanent magnet system for the generation of at least two opposite magnetic fields lying one behind the other for the bundled guidance of an electron beam, especially for traveling wave tubes
US3436587A (en) Permanent magnet system for the generation of a substantially homogeneous magnetic field for the bundled guidance of an electron beam over a relatively long path,especially for traveling wave tubes