GB701618A - Improvements in or relating to hydrodynamic coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

701,618. Torque converter BORG-WARNER CORPORATION. Nov. 30, 1951 [Dec. 12, 1950], No. 28130/51. Class 69 (2) In a hydraulic torque converter comprising a pump or impeller 31, a turbine 36, and a reaction member or stator 41 arranged to form a closed fluid circuit in which the pump blade exits and turbine blade entrances are next to each other at substantially the largest circuit radius and the reaction member is arranged between the turbine blade exits and the pump blade entrances at substantially the smallest circuit radius, the pump blades have their exit portions turned forwardly in the direction of rotation at an angle of 45 degrees - 90 degrees to the plane of rotation, and the turbine blades have their entrance portions turned counter to the direction of rotation at an angle of 20 degrees - 40 degrees to the plane of' rotation. The blades of the pump, turbine and reactor are so curved that the entrance angles B1 measured between the middle streamline layer M and a surface passing through the entrance ends of the blade are 55 degrees - 90 degrees for the pump, 20 degrees - 40 degrees for the turbine, and 45 degrees - 90 degrees for the reaction member, the exit angles B2 being 45 degrees - 90 degrees for the pump, 20 degrees - 40 degrees for the turbine, and 15 degrees - 35 degrees for' the reaction member, while the angles B3 included between tangents to the middle streamline layer at the entrance and exit are 100 degrees-180 degrees for the pump blades, 40 degrees - 80 degrees for the turbine blades, and 60 degrees - 130 degrees for the reaction blades. The reaction member is mounted on an overrunning clutch 27 which prevents rotation of the member during torque multiplication but permits rotation in an opposite direction of rotation upon the impeller and runner obtaining substantially the same speed so that the converter then operates as a simple fluid coupling.