GB606348A - Platinum group metal catalysts - Google Patents
Platinum group metal catalystsInfo
- Publication number
- GB606348A GB606348A GB23308/45A GB2330845A GB606348A GB 606348 A GB606348 A GB 606348A GB 23308/45 A GB23308/45 A GB 23308/45A GB 2330845 A GB2330845 A GB 2330845A GB 606348 A GB606348 A GB 606348A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- aluminium
- platinum
- alloy
- hydrochloric acid
- zinc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 22
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract 13
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 10
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- GIGQFSYNIXPBCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;platinum Chemical compound [AlH3].[Pt] GIGQFSYNIXPBCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- SKJKDBIPDZJBPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pt] SKJKDBIPDZJBPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
A platinum group metal catalyst is prepared by alloying a platinum group metal with at least one base metal capable of forming a chemical combination with it, and removing the base metal at least in part by means of a chemical treatment embodying at least in its final state the employment of acid. Specified base metals are zinc, cadmium, beryllium, bismuth, aluminium, magnesium, tellurium, selenium or lead. Metals such as iron, nickel, cobalt, manganese and copper form only solid solutions with platinum group metals, but can be used as one component of an alloy if one or more of the compound-forming metals are also present. The base metal in the alloy may be in excess of that necessary to combine chemically with the platinum group metal. The alloy is broken into small pieces or powder and subjected to the chemical treatment which may be by means of hydrochloric acid, or, when the base metals are zinc or aluminium, strong alkali hydroxide in the initial stages, followed and ended by a hydrochloric acid treatment. According to examples: (1) small packages of platinum wrapped in aluminium foil are dropped into aluminium fused under a reducing atmosphere and the resulting alloy is dissolved in excess of dilute hydrochloric acid, the remaining black residue being treated with further hydrochloric acid and washed with distilled water to produce a platinum - aluminium catalyst; (2) palladium sponge is fused with zinc under a reducing atmosphere, the resulting alloy being treated as in example (1) to produce a palladium-zinc catalyst; (3) platinum foil is dissolved in aqua regia, zinc nitrate and kieselguhr are added, the resulting mass is dried and ignited in the presence of air at 500 DEG C., the resulting product is reduced by hydrogen at 350-480 DEG C., the reduced product being treated with dilute hydrochloric acid and washed by decantation with distilled water to produce a platinum-zinc catalyst deposited on kieselguhr; (4) an alloy of copper with aluminium is fused under a salt cover, small packages of platinum foil wrapped in aluminium foil are added, and the resulting alloy is poured out, crushed and dissolved in hydrochloric acid as described in example (1) to produce a platinum catalyst containing minor amounts of copper and aluminium. These catalysts should be kept submerged in an aqueous or organic liquid when not in use. After exposure to air they may be reactivated by heating in hydrogen or nitrogen at 300-500 DEG C. followed by realloying the residues and treating the thus obtained alloys with hydrochloric acid as previously described.ALSO:A platinum group metal catalyst is prepared by alloying a platinum group metal with at least one base metal capable of forming a chemical combination with it, and removing the base metal at least in part by means of a chemical treatment embodying at least in its final stage the employment of acid. Specified base metals are zinc, cadmium, beryllium, bismuth, aluminium, magnesium, tellurium, selenium or lead. Metals such as iron, nickel, cobalt, manganese and copper form only solid solutions with platinum group metals but can be used as one component of an alloy if one or more of the compound-forming metals are also present. The base metal in the alloy may be in excess of that necessary to combine chemically with the platinum group metal. The alloy is broken into small pieces or powder and subjected to the chemical treatment which may be by means of hydrochloric acid, or, when the base metals are zinc or aluminium, strong alkali hydroxide in the initial stages, followed and ended by a hydrochloric acid treatment. According to examples (1) small packages of platinum wrapped in aluminium foil are dropped into aluminium fused under a reducing atmosphere and the resulting alloy is dissolved in excess of dilute hydrochloric acid, the remaining black residue being treated with further hydrochloric acid and washed with distilled water to produce a platinum-aluminium catalyst; (2) palladium sponge is fused with zinc under a reducing atmosphere, the resuting alloy being treated as in example (1) to produce a palladium zinc catalyst; (3) platinum foil is dissolved in aqua regia, zinc nitrate and kreselguhr are added, the resulting mass is dried and ignited in the presence of air at 500 DEG C. the resulting product is reduced by hydrogen at 350-480 DEG C., the reduced product being treated with dilute hydrochloric acid and washed by decantation with distilled water to produce a platinum-zinc catalyst deposited on kreselguhr; (4) an alloy of copper with aluminium is fused under a salt cover, small packages of platinum foil wrapped in aluminium foil are added, and the resulting alloy is poured out, crushed and dissolved in hydrochloric acid as described in example (1) to produce a platinum catalyst containing minor amounts of copper and aluminium.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US606348XA | 1942-02-02 | 1942-02-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB606348A true GB606348A (en) | 1948-08-12 |
Family
ID=22030779
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB23308/45A Expired GB606348A (en) | 1942-02-02 | 1945-09-10 | Platinum group metal catalysts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB606348A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3380934A (en) * | 1966-10-20 | 1968-04-30 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Noble metal catalysts and their production |
| US3431220A (en) * | 1964-07-06 | 1969-03-04 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Particulate metal catalysts obtained by support removal and a base activation treatment |
| US10833334B2 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2020-11-10 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Limited | Catalyst |
-
1945
- 1945-09-10 GB GB23308/45A patent/GB606348A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3431220A (en) * | 1964-07-06 | 1969-03-04 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Particulate metal catalysts obtained by support removal and a base activation treatment |
| US3380934A (en) * | 1966-10-20 | 1968-04-30 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Noble metal catalysts and their production |
| US10833334B2 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2020-11-10 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Limited | Catalyst |
| US11404701B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2022-08-02 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Limited | Catalyst |
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