GB303773A - Improvements relating to internal combustion engines actuated by powdered fuel, by liquid fuel, or by both fuels - Google Patents

Abstract

303,773. Pawlikowsky, R. Sept. 2, 1927. Cylinders receiving liquid fuel.-In an engine, normally actuated by pulverized fuel, but which can be worked by liquid fuel or by both fuels, the charge is admitted to an undivided pre-combustion chamber having throttling means which prevent the charge entering the main cylinder prematurely. The combustion air is drawn into the main cylinder and compressed by the piston so that the fuel is ignited by hot air forced into the preliminary combustion chamber. Fig. 1 shows the application to a four-stroke cycle engine. The pre-combustion chamber 3 is separated bv an orifice 17 from the main combustion chamber, which has a combustion-air inlet valve 4 and an exhaust valve 5, and the powdered fuel is deposited in a chamber 7 from a current of air entering at 8. Valves 10, 11 operated from the engine by a lever 18, are arranged, as described in Specification 236,756, so that the chamber 3 is filled with a mixture of powdered fuel and air by the suction produced by the piston, but so that none of the mixture flows into the combustion chamber, the valve 4 being opened simultaneously. To retard the flow of mixture, steps 16<1>, 16<11>, 16<111> are formed on a plug 16 containing the orifice 17 which may, for the same reason, be surrounded by an annular groove. The plug is interchangeable with others having different-sized orifices; alternatively, a valve 31, Fig. 9, is operable by hand or the engine to throttle the passage 17, the engine closing the valve 31 during the latter part of the suction stroke but opening it again for the compression stroke. An adjustable plunger may be provided for varying the volume of the chamber 3, the ratio of which volume to that of the air drawn into the cylinder by the piston should be between 0.004 to 0.015. Liquid fuel is admitted through a passage 12 the end of which is closed by a resilient annular member 15 and opened by the fluid-pressure of the fuel pump, the member 15 spreading the fuel and deflecting it subsequently axially in the chamber 3; alternatively, a fuel nozzle may be inserted having an orifice which directs the fuel axially, either up or down the chamber, or the valve 10 may have a passage 36 for the fuel, as shown in Fig. 9, and be provided with a spring-pressed valve 37 and atomizing passages 38. Compressed air or a mixture of air and liquid fuel are admitted by a passage 14, Fig. 1, regulated by a valve 13 which is opened during the compression stroke to fire the mixture and expel it from the chamber 3.